CN103858872B - 含苯菌酮的农药组合物 - Google Patents
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- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof, directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. acetophenone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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Abstract
本发明属植物保护领域，涉及一种含苯菌酮的农药组合物，其特征在于该组合物中含有A和B两种组分，A组分为苯菌酮，B组分为乙蒜素、苦参碱、氧化苦参碱中的一种或多种，A组分与B组分的质量份数比为40:1‑1:10。本发明还包括上述组合物防治植物上多种农业真菌病害的用途，组合物在一定配比范围内表现良好的增效作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于植物保护领域，具体涉及一种含苯菌酮的农药组合物，组合物主要用于病原真菌引起的多种病害，主要防治子囊菌亚门真菌引起的病害。
背景技术
苯菌酮(metrafenone)，分子式C19H21BrO5，是巴斯夫公司开发的二苯酮类杀菌剂,主要用于防治子囊菌亚门的多种病害,尤其对禾谷类作物白粉病有特效。为合理保护该类药剂、延缓病菌对新药剂抗药性的产生及提高药剂的防治效果，有必要进行合理的复配研究。目前含苯菌酮的农药组合物的研究报道较少。发明人通过对组合物的复配效果的研究，发现了一些意想不到的效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供具有增效作用的一种含苯菌酮的农药组合物，本发明是通过下列措施来实现的。
本发明提供了一种含苯菌酮的农药组合物，其特征在于该组合物中含有A和B两种组分，A组分为苯菌酮，B组分为乙蒜素、苦参碱、氧化苦参碱的一种，A组分与B组分的质量份数比为40:1-1:10，优选的，质量份数比为20:1-1:5。
上述杀菌组合物中，A组分与B组分的质量之和占组合物总质量的百分比为1％-80％。
本发明上述组合物可制成悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、水剂、微乳剂、水乳剂,用于喷雾、灌根、拌种等。
本发明还提供了含寡糖与苯菌酮的组合物用于防治植物病害的用途，适宜防治的病害有子囊菌亚门真菌、鞭毛菌亚门真菌、半知菌类真菌、担子菌亚门真菌引起的病害，优选的，用于防治子囊菌亚门真菌引起的白粉病、菌核病。进一步优选的，组合物用于防治小麦白粉病、葡萄白粉病、油菜菌核病。
本发明上述组合物的用途中，所述植物为小麦、葡萄、油菜、黄瓜、草坪草、苹果、梨、辣椒、西瓜、水稻、柑橘、荔枝、花卉等。
本发明有益效果是：
1、增效作用明显：组合物在一定配比范围内表现良好的增效作用，提高了组合物的防病效果。
2、降低使用成本：因复配具有提高防效、防治谱增大，减少了使用次数，降低了使用成本；
3、延缓抗药性：两种不同作用机制的成分复配，病原菌不易产生抗药性，延缓病原菌对药剂抗药性的产生。
具体实施方式
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明，但本发明不局限于本实施方式中的组合物的比例和用途。
实施例1含苯菌酮的农药组合物对小麦病田间试验
用组合物进行了小麦白粉病田间试验，并设相应单剂和空白对照，每药剂设小区30m2。采用背负式喷雾器常规常量喷雾，试验在孕穗和扬花初期各喷1次，药前及第2次施药后7～10d，每处理按五点取样，每点50株，每株调查全部叶片，记录调查总叶数、病叶数，按照以下分级方法计算病情指数和防效。
叶片分级法：
0级：无病
1级：病斑相连面积占整个叶面积的1％以下；
3级：病斑相连面积占整个叶面积的1％-5％；
5级：病斑相连面积占整个叶面积的6％-25％；
7级：病斑相连面积占整个叶面积的26％-50％；
9级：病斑相连面积占整个叶面积的51％以上；
x为使用浓度为a时的活性组分A的防效，y为使用浓度为b时的活性组分B的防效。比较理论效果和实际效果，评价组合物的协同作用，以实际防效大于理论防效时为增效作用。含苯菌酮的农药组合物对小麦的防治效果结果见表1。
表1含苯菌酮的农药组合物对小麦田间效果
通过含苯菌酮的农药组合物对小麦测试发现，苯菌酮与乙蒜素在1:1和2.5:1时，苯菌酮与乙蒜素的组合物对小麦白粉病的实际效果均高于组合物的的理论防效。苯菌酮与苦参碱或氧化苦参碱之比为4:1和10:1时，苯菌酮与苦参碱的组合物、苯菌酮与氧化苦参碱的组合物对小麦白粉病的实际效果均高于组合物的的理论防效。显而易见，含苯菌酮的组合物对小麦白粉病是增效的。另外发现，复配组合物对小麦的长势明显好于单剂对照。
实施例2含苯菌酮的农药组合物对葡萄白粉病的室内效果
采用孢子萌发法，以预试验浓度为参考，分别将单剂和组合物用合适溶剂稀释。取药剂10μL点于载玻片上，防尘条件下干燥以制成药膜。将感染白粉葡萄剪下，用毛笔刷下白粉状霉层，加无菌水制成适当浓度的孢子悬浮液。将10μL孢子悬浮液滴加到药膜上。在20℃下保湿培养16h后，检查孢子的萌发情况。当空白对照的萌发率达到80％左右后，检查所有处理的萌发率。以孢子芽管长度大于孢子短半径者为萌发，按下式计算抑制萌发率。
x为使用浓度为a时的活性组分A的抑制萌发率，y为使用浓度为b时的活性组分B的抑制萌发率。比较理论抑制率和实际抑制率，评价组合物的协同作用，以实际抑制率大于理论抑制率时为增效作用。结果见表2。
表2含苯菌酮的农药组合物对葡萄白粉病的效果
从表2看出，苯菌酮与乙蒜素在1:2和2.5:1时，苯菌酮与乙蒜素的组合物对葡萄白粉病的实际效果均高于组合物的理论防效。苯菌酮与苦参碱或氧化苦参碱之比为4:1和20:1时，苯菌酮与苦参碱的组合物、苯菌酮与氧化苦参碱的组合物对葡萄白粉病的实际效果均高于组合物的理论防效。显而易见，含苯菌酮的农药组合物对葡萄白粉病是增效的。
实施例3含苯菌酮的农药组合物对油菜菌核病的防治效果
将单一化合物或组合物用有机溶剂溶解制备成1000mg/L的母液。根据生物活性测定预试验，将一定量的上述母液用0.1％吐温80稀释，配制成需要的浓度。试验时，油菜植株茎秆初发病时调查菌核病发病情况。采用手持喷雾器常规常量喷雾，采用棋盘式10点调查，每点调查5株，记录调查总株数、病病株数，采用手持喷雾器常规常量喷雾，药后10d按照以下分级方法计算病情指数和防效。
叶片分级法：
0级：无病
1级：发病面积占主茎表面积的5％以下；
3级：发病面积占主茎表面积的6％-15％；
5级：发病面积占主茎表面积的16％-30％；
7级：发病面积占主茎表面积的31％-50％；
9级：发病面积占主茎表面积的51％以上；
x为使用浓度为a时的活性组分A的防效，y为使用浓度为b时的活性组分B的防效。比较理论效果和实际效果，评价组合物的协同作用，以实际防效大于理论防效时为增效作用。结果见表3。
表3含苯菌酮的组合物对油菜菌核病的防治效果
从表3看出，苯菌酮与乙蒜素在1:5和1:1时，苯菌酮与乙蒜素的组合物对油菜菌核病的实际效果均高于组合物的理论防效。苯菌酮与苦参碱或氧化苦参碱之比为1:1和1:5时，苯菌酮与苦参碱的组合物、苯菌酮与氧化苦参碱的组合物对油菜菌核病的实际效果均高于组合物的理论防效。显而易见，含苯菌酮的农药组合物对油菜菌核病是增效的。
Claims (7)
1.一种含苯菌酮的农药组合物，其特征在于该组合物中含有A和B两种组分，A组分为苯菌酮，B组分为乙蒜素，A组分与B组分的质量份数比为2.5:1-1:5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于A组分与B组分的质量之和占农药组合物总质量的百分比为1％-80％。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组合物，其特征在于组合物制成悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、水剂、微乳剂、水乳剂，用于喷雾、灌根、拌种。
4.权利要求3所述的组合物用于防治植物病害的用途，其特征在于组合物的防治对象有子囊菌亚门真菌、鞭毛菌亚门真菌、半知菌类真菌、担子菌亚门真菌引起的病害。
5.根据权利要求4的用途，其特征在于组合物用于防治子囊菌亚门真菌引起的白粉病、菌核病。
6.根据权利要求5的用途，其特征在于组合物防治小麦白粉病、葡萄白粉病、油菜菌核病。
7.根据权利要求6的用途，其特征在于所述植物为小麦、葡萄、油菜、黄瓜、草坪草、苹果、梨、辣椒、西瓜、水稻、柑橘、荔枝、花卉。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410095720.0A CN103858872B (zh) | 2014-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | 含苯菌酮的农药组合物 |
| CN201611170219.1A CN106577651B (zh) | 2014-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | 含苯菌酮与苦参碱或氧化苦参碱的农药组合物 |
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