CN103857481A - Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores, containing salts, and use thereof - Google Patents
Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores, containing salts, and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103857481A CN103857481A CN201280049488.6A CN201280049488A CN103857481A CN 103857481 A CN103857481 A CN 103857481A CN 201280049488 A CN201280049488 A CN 201280049488A CN 103857481 A CN103857481 A CN 103857481A
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- sizing composition
- sizing
- adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The subject matter of the invention relates to sizing compositions as coating compositions for casting molds. The sizing composition is suitable for cores and molds, in particular those produced using water glass as a binder. The sizing composition contains certain salts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sizing composition of a kind of conduct for the coating material of mold.Sizing composition is suitable for core and mould, such core and the mould particularly in the situation that applying waterglass as adhesive, manufactured.Sizing composition comprises specific salt.
Background technology
Mold can by refractory material for example quartz sand in the case of being configured as mold and by obtaining applicable polymer adhesive, to guarantee enough mechanical strengths of mold.Therefore apply fire-resistant mold base material (Formgrundstoff) and applicable adhesive in order to manufacture mold.Fire-resistant mold base material is preferably can mobile mode existing, to such an extent as to it can be filled in applicable empty mould and be compressed at this place.Between the particle of mold base material, produce fixing bonding by adhesive, to such an extent as to mold obtains needed mechanical stability.
Not only can apply organic adhesive and also can apply inorganic adhesive in order to manufacture mold, the sclerosis of described adhesive can be undertaken by cold process or hot method respectively.At this, following method is called to cold process, described method is carried out substantially under the room temperature that does not need heated mold.Be hardened in this and mainly undertaken by chemical reaction, described chemical reaction for example triggers in the following way, is guided through mould to be hardened as the gas of catalyst.In hot method, moulding material mixture is heated in sufficiently high temperature after moulding, to for example remove the solvent that is included in adhesive or to start chemical reaction, for example harden by crosslinked by described chemical reaction adhesive.
All organic systems are jointly irrelevant with sclerosis mechanism, and while making them in liquid metal is filled into mold, heat is pulverized and such as, can partly discharge Unidentified pyrolysis product at this harmful substance, benzene,toluene,xylene, phenol, formaldehyde etc.
Although successfully this Reducing exhaust emission is arrived to minimum by different measures, can not fully avoid the in the situation that of organic adhesive.
For by the Reducing exhaust emission of the crushed products during casting process to minimum or avoid the discharge of the crushed products during casting process, can apply following adhesive, material or the described adhesive of described adhesive based on inorganic comprises the considerably less organic compound of content.These adhesive compositions are known for a long time always.
Developed following adhesive composition, described adhesive composition hardens by the importing of gas.This class system is for example described in GB782205, and wherein using basic waterglass is as adhesive, and described alkaline water glass can be by importing CO
2sclerosis.In US6972059B1, describe the feed material of heat release, described feed material comprises subsilicate as adhesive.In addition researched and developed following adhesive composition, at room temperature self-hardening of described adhesive composition.These systems based on phosphoric acid or metal oxide are for example described in US5582232A.Finally known following inorganic adhesive composition also, described adhesive composition hardens at higher temperature, for example, in hot mould, harden.The adhesive composition of these thermmohardenings is for example known from US5474606A, has wherein described the adhesive composition being made up of alkali formula waterglass and alumina silicate.
A kind of adhesive composition of the molding sand for the manufacture of core has been described in US7022178B1.Moisture absorption base, for example NaOH that adhesive composition based on waterglass adds by moisture subsilicate solution with the ratio of 1:4 to 1:6 form.Waterglass has 2.5 to 3.5 SiO
2/ M
2the coefficient of O and 20% to 40% solid share.For obtain also can be packed in complicated core can be mobile moulding material mixture and in order to control hygroscopicity, adhesive composition also comprises surfactant, as silicone oil, described silicone oil has >=boiling point of 250 DEG C.Adhesive composition and applicable refractory material, mix as quartz sand, and then can be expelled in core box by core shooter.
The sclerosis of moulding material mixture is undertaken by extracting the water or the condensation that still comprise out.Dry or the sclerosis of mold also can be carried out under the effect of microwave.
But inorganic adhesive also has following shortcoming with respect to organic adhesive, example as is known inorganic adhesive has by means of the mold of its manufacture with respect to high air humidity or with respect to the low stability of water.Therefore within the longer time period, store mold, be not definitely feasible as common in organic adhesive.In cast(ing) surface, obtain better result with respect to the better durability of air humidity, higher initial strength and when the casting in order to obtain mold, in US7770629B2, propose a kind of moulding material mixture, described moulding material mixture also comprises the adhesive based on waterglass except fire-resistant mold base material.Moulding material mixture is added a certain amount of granular metal oxide.Advantageous applications precipitated silica or fumed silica are as granular metal oxide.
In addition, on the described methodological principle for the manufacture of mold and core, comprise the fire-resistant mould coating also referred to as sizing material is at least applied on the surface contacting with casting metals of basic mode.Mould coating has following object on the one hand: mould part surface is exerted an influence, improved casting of appearance of cast, on metallurgy, foundry goods exerted an influence and/or avoid casting flaw.
Common applied sizing material for example comprises clay, quartz, diatomite, cristobalite, tridymite, alumina silicate, zirconium silicate, mica, fire clay and also also has coke and graphite as mother metal.Described mother metal is the sizing material of the share of appointment, and these sizing materials cover die surfaces and sealing pore prevents cast metal infiltration.
Therefore also can coordinate mutually by the surface modification of mold and with the characteristic of pending metal by these coating.Therefore the outward appearance that can improve by sizing material foundry goods, its mode is: produce level and smooth surface, because compensate the inhomogeneities being caused by the granular size of moulding material by sizing material.
In addition, the sizing material of foundry goods can for example affect by the mode of optionally on the surface of foundry goods, additive being transferred in foundry goods via sizing material on metallurgy, the surface characteristic of described additive improved foundry goods.In addition sizing material has formed as lower floor, and described layer is chemically being isolated mold in the time of casting liquid metal.Prevented thus any adhesion between foundry goods and mold, to such an extent as to foundry goods can easily be removed from mold.But sizing material also can be used in the heat transmission of controlling targetedly between liquid metal and mold, to for example affect the formation of specific metal structure structure by cooling velocity.
The sclerosis of applied inorganic adhesive is carried out via the condensation reaction causing at Yin Gaowen now more and more, and wherein the formation of intermediate adhesive (Binderbr ü cken) is carried out via splitting water.If multiple chemical reactions are here reversible reactions, that is to say by with the contacting and react again cracking key (Bindung) of water, wherein the degree of this back reaction is relevant to the technological parameter that core is manufactured to a great extent.The in the situation that of common applied technological parameter in batch production (cycle, high temperature fast), mold is by contacting with water and partly also by losing its intensity with Ethanol Exposure, surperficial deliquescing and mold lose its shape.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on following object, a kind of sizing material is proposed, can ensure flawless as far as possible coating, particularly inorganic core and the coating of mould by described sizing material, and can not produce negative infringement and then can not produce negative infringement to processing and storage the stability of core and mould.
The sizing composition of the feature of this object by having claim 1 is realized, and favourable design forms the theme of dependent claims or describes hereinafter.
Sizing composition according to the present invention provides with the form of cream or suspension according to a preferred form of implementation.In this form of implementation, sizing composition comprises carrying object.
Be surprisingly found out that, in the time the specific salt in specific concentration range being added to moisture sizing composition, the inorganic core of gluing and the quality of mould can be enhanced constantly, and for example can realize without any problems the bin stability of many days of core and mould.
Be surprisingly found out that, can realize above-mentioned purpose with the slaine of magnesium and/or manganese.Preferably use oxidation valency+2 or+4 manganese salt.Especially preferably use the magnesium salts of oxidation valency+2 and the manganese salt of oxidation valency+2.The concentration of salt is greater than 1 % by weight in sizing composition, is preferably greater than 3 % by weight and is especially preferably greater than 5 % by weight.According to a design, described concentration upwards limits by the amount of carrying object and the saturated concentration of type of corresponding use.According to another design, Cmax is less than 10 % by weight in sizing composition.Preferably use sulfate ion as anion and/or especially preferably use monovalence chlorion as counter ion counterionsl gegenions.
According to the desired application of sizing composition, for example, as basic coating or cover coating, and according to the desired layer thickness of the coating of being manufactured by described sizing composition, can regulate other characteristic parameter of sizing composition.
As other additive part of sizing composition, can use the ester of formic acid (formic acid), wherein in the time of esterification, the chain length of applied alcohol or alcohol mixture is particularly on average less than 6 carbon atoms and is especially preferably less than 3 carbon atoms.
Especially advantageous applications formic acid methyl ester (methyl formate) and formic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl formate).Also possible that, several in (or multiple) alcohol groups or alcohol groups carry one or two other group, as ether group, oh group, ester group or carboxylic group, or formic acid by second or trihydroxy group crosslinked, be for example cross-linked by condensation.
At this, above-mentioned additive level is counted 1 % by weight to 8 % by weight with sizing composition, preferably 2 % by weight to 8 % by weight and especially preferably 3 % by weight to 6 % by weight.For example can use " the pure methyl formate " of BASF AG as additive.It has CAS numbering 107-31-3.
Sizing material for example can comprise the combination as the specific clay that includes material of sizing material.Application a) 1 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight, the palygorskite of 1 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight particularly; B) 1 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight, the hectorite of 1 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight particularly; And c) 1 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight, the particularly combination of the sodium bentonite of 1 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight (respectively relative to each other) is as clay material, particularly at palygorskite in 1 to 0.8 to 1.2 the weight ratio about hectorite, and at palygorskite together with hectorite in 1 to 0.8 to 1.2 the ratio about sodium bentonite.At this, sizing material accounts for the clay total content of above-mentioned clay and counts 0.1 % by weight to 4.0 % by weight with the solids content of sizing composition, preferably 0.5 % by weight to 3.0 % by weight and especially preferably 1.0 % by weight to 2.0 % by weight.The in the situation that of these clays of application, can further improve the bin stability of core and mould.
Carrying object can partially or fully be made up of water.Carrying object is following part, described part under 160 DEG C and normal pressure, be can evaporate and thus current according to limit instead of solid containing thing.Carrying object comprise to be greater than 50 % by weight, preferably 75 % by weight, be particularly greater than water 80 % by weight, that be greater than if desired 95 % by weight.
The part of other in carrying object can be organic solvent.Applicable solvent is alcohol, comprises polyalcohol and Aethoxy Sklerol.The alcohol of example is ethanol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanols and ethylene glycol.
The solids content of available sizing composition is preferably set in the scope of 10 % by weight to 85 % by weight, or in the time selling (before dilution) particularly 30 % by weight to 70 % by weight.
Therefore sizing composition according to the present invention comprises at least one pulverous refractory material.This refractory material is used for: the pore of sealing mold infiltrates to prevent liquid metal.In addition realize the heat isolation between mold and liquid metal by refractory material.In the time of metal casting, apply common refractory material as refractory material.The example of applicable refractory material is that quartz, aluminium oxide, zirconia, alumina silicate are as pyrophillite, kyanite, andalusite or fire clay, zircon sand, zirconium silicate, olivine, talcum, mica, coke, feldspar, diatomite, kaolin, calcined kaolin, kaolinite, metakaolinite, iron oxide and/or alumina.
Refractory material provides with Powdered.Granularity is selected as at this, makes in coating, to produce stable institutional framework, and sizing material is preferably distributed on the wall of mold without any problems by spraying equipment.Refractory material suitably have in the scope of 0.1 μ m to 500 μ m, the preferred particle mean size (measuring by means of the light scattering according to DIN/ISO13320) in the scope of 1 μ m to 200 μ m particularly.Have at least higher than the fusing point of 200 DEG C of the temperature of liquid metal and the special material not reacting with metal is independently to this suitable as refractory material.
The share (always only having contribution for solids content) of refractory material, is preferably selected as being greater than 70 % by weight in the solid share of sizing composition, is preferably greater than 80 % by weight, is especially preferably greater than 85 % by weight.
According to an embodiment (always only having contribution for solids content), the share of refractory material is less than 70 % by weight, is less than 60 % by weight and is less than 50 % by weight according to another embodiment according to another embodiment.
Can comprise at least one suspending agent (Stellmittel) according to a form of implementation according to sizing material of the present invention.Described suspending agent causes the raising of the viscosity of sizing material, to such an extent as to the part of the solid of sizing material in suspension does not decline or only marginally declines.In order to improve viscosity, not only can apply organic material and also can apply inorganic material or the mixture of these materials.The inorganic suspending agent being applicable to is for example the clay that can strongly expand, for example sodium bentonite.
As suspending agent, alternatively or addedly, also can select organic thickener, because this thickener can be dried to and make it discharge hardly water in the time contacting with liquid metal after applying protection coating.For example can consider expandable polymer as organic suspending agent, as carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose, natural plant gum, polyvinyl alcohol, PVP, pectin, gelatin, agar, polypeptide and/or alginates.The share of suspending agent in whole sizing compositions preferably with 0.1 % by weight to 5 % by weight, preferably 0.5 % by weight to 3 % by weight, especially preferably 1 % by weight to 2 % by weight is selected.
According to a preferred form of implementation, sizing material according to the present invention comprises the part of at least one adhesive as other.Described adhesive can be realized on the wall that the protective finish of manufacturing by sizing material or by sizing material is better fixed on mold.In addition, improved the mechanical stability of protection coating by adhesive, to such an extent as to observed erosion lower under the effect of liquid metal.Preferred adhesive is irreversibly hardened, to such an extent as to obtains wear-resisting coating.Particularly preferably be following adhesive, described adhesive can again not soften in the time contacting with atmospheric moisture.Can comprise in fact all adhesives of applying in sizing material.Not only can apply inorganic adhesive at this and also can apply organic adhesive.For example can apply clay, particularly bentonite and/or kaolin as adhesive.
The share of adhesive preferably with the solid content meter of sizing composition 0.1 % by weight to 20 % by weight, especially preferably in the scope of 0.5 % by weight to 5 % by weight, select.
According to another preferred form of implementation, the graphite that sizing material comprises certain share.This auxiliary stratiform carbon is formed in the boundary face between foundry goods and mold.The share of graphite preferably with the solid content meter of sizing composition 1 % by weight to 30 % by weight, especially preferably in the scope of 5 % by weight to 15 % by weight, select.Graphite advantageously works to the surface quality of foundry goods in the time that iron is cast.
Also can also comprise if desired component common for sizing material, for example wetting agent, defoamer, pigment, dyestuff and antimicrobial according to sizing composition of the present invention.The share that these other part accounts for available coating material is preferably selected as being less than 10 % by weight, is preferably less than 5 % by weight and is especially preferably less than 1 % by weight.
Anion with surfactant non-anion, this surfactant particularly with the HSB value that is at least 7 for example can be used as wetting agent.The example of this class wetting agent is disodium dioctyl sodium sulfonate.Wetting agent is preferably in the amount of available sizing composition 0.01 % by weight to 1 % by weight, and preferably 0.05 % by weight to 0.3 % by weight is applied.
Can apply the defoamer also referred to as anti-foaming agent, to prevent formation of foam in the time manufacturing sizing composition or in the time applying described sizing composition.Formation of foam in the time of coating adhesive feed composition can cause inhomogeneous layer thickness and cause the hole in coating.For example can apply silicone oil or mineral oil as defoamer.Defoamer in available sizing composition preferably be contained in 0.01 % by weight to 1 % by weight, the preferred amount of 0.05 % by weight to 0.3 % by weight.
In sizing composition according to the present invention, can apply if desired common pigment and dyestuff.These pigment and dyestuff are added, to realize for example another contrast between different layers, or produce the stronger separating effect of sizing material and foundry goods.The example of pigment is red and yellow iron oxide and graphite.The example of dyestuff is commercially available dyestuff, as Ludwigshafen, Germany BASF AG
the dyestuff of chromatic series.Dyestuff and pigment preferably are contained in 0.01 % by weight to 10 % by weight, the preferred amount of 0.1 % by weight to 5 % by weight with the solid content meter of sizing composition.
According to another form of implementation, sizing composition comprises antimicrobial, to prevent bacterium invasion and then avoid bonding force and rheology on adhesive to produce negative impact.In the time being included in carrying object in sizing composition and substantially being formed by water by weight, that is to say, in the time that sizing composition according to the present invention provides with the form of so-called water-based sizing material, this is especially preferred.The example of applicable antimicrobial is formaldehyde, MIT (MIT), CMIT (CIT) and BIT (BIT).Advantageous applications MIT, BIT or their mixture.Antimicrobial is applied conventionally with the weighing scale of available sizing composition in the amount of 50ppm to 500ppm 10ppm to 1000ppm, preferred.
Except already mentioned part, can comprise other common part for sizing material according to sizing composition of the present invention.
Can manufacture according to common method according to sizing composition of the present invention.For example manufactured in the following way according to sizing composition of the present invention, there is water and the in the situation that of application high-shear mixer, the clay that act as suspending agent divided in water.And then admix the additive of fire-resistant component, pigment and dyestuff and metal, until produce uniform mixture.Finally admix wetting agent, anti-foaming agent, antimicrobial and adhesive.
According to sizing composition of the present invention can as can with by formula manufacture sizing material carry out produce and market.But also can carry out produce and market with the form concentrating according to sizing material of the present invention.In this case, for available sizing material is provided, add a certain amount of carrying object, described carrying object is essential, to regulate desired viscosity and the density of sizing material.In addition, also can carry out produce and market with the form of cover group according to sizing composition of the present invention, wherein for example solid constituent and solvent composition are present in the container of separation each other simultaneously.Solid constituent can be provided at container independently as pulverous solid mixture.
The liquid composition of if desired to be applied other, for example adhesive, wetting agent, penetrant (Netzer)/defoamer, pigment, dyestuff and antimicrobial can again be present in the container of separation in this cover group.Solvent composition or can comprise if desired component additionally to be applied, for example component in a common container, or it can be present in independently in container dividually with other optional part.In order to manufacture available sizing material, solid constituent, optionally other component and together with the applicable amount of solvent composition is mixed with each other.
Sizing composition according to the present invention is suitable for to mold coating.Applied statement here " mold " comprises all types of base substrates, described base substrate for foundry goods, as the manufacture of core, mould and die be important.The application according to the present invention of sizing composition also comprises mould portion ground coating.Sizing material is for the mold for metal processing, described sizing material can be obtained by inorganic moulding material mixture, comprise at least one fire-resistant mold base material, adhesive based on waterglass and preferably include the metal oxide of certain share, described metal oxide is selected from silica, particularly amorphous silica, aluminium oxide, titanium oxide or zinc oxide and their mixture, wherein this metal oxide preferred exist granularly and particularly have be less than 300 μ m(screen analysises) particle size.Amorphous carbon dioxide for example starts to obtain via depositing technology from waterglass, and the quartz sand that described waterglass can have sodium carbonate or potash by division obtains.Therefore according to process conditions by produced SiO
2be called precipitated silica
.Another kind of important manufacture flexible program be in oxyhydrogen flame the chlorosilane from fluid, start to produce so-called gas phase SiO as silicon tetrachloride
2.Moulding material mixture and for manufacturing method for the mold of metal processing at WO2006/024540(=US7770629B2 in the case of the moulding material mixture of application sclerosis) describe and put described open source literature about this and be incorporated to this paper by reference.Preferred moulding material mixture is the theme of the claim of WO2006/024540.
Therefore the mold for the treatment of coating typically comprises:
A) be greater than the fire-resistant mold base material (comprising additive, the performance of described additive as fire-resistant mold base material) of 80 % by weight;
B) waterglass of the sclerosis of 0.01 % by weight to 5 % by weight is as adhesive; And
C) above-mentioned one or more metal oxides of 0 % by weight to 5 % by weight if desired.
In addition the present invention relates to a kind of method of manufacturing the mold of the gluing of processing for metal in the case of sizing material being applied on the above-mentioned inorganic moulding material mixture partially or fully hardening.Applying or providing of sizing material can be carried out as follows:
In the time immersing as applying method, mold is immersed in container and continues to reach about 2 seconds to 2 minutes, in the mould cavity of described mold, be applied with if desired basic coating, described container by can with, sizing composition according to the present invention fills.Mold takes out subsequently from sizing composition, and unnecessary sizing composition is flowed out from mold.After immersing, defer to the outflow performance of applied sizing composition for flowing out the time of unnecessary sizing composition.
In the time spraying as applying method, apply commercially available forbay spraying equipment.Here sizing composition is filled in forbay with the state of dilution.Via overvoltage to be arranged, sizing material can be pressed in spray gun, states sizing material spray by means of independent regulatable atomizing air in this place.In the time of spraying, preferably condition is chosen as, the pressure for sizing composition and atomizing air on rifle is adjusted to, injected sizing composition is mapped on mould or core still moisteningly, apply but produce uniformly.
When using flow coat as applying method, mold by means of flexible pipe, spray gun or similarly instrument with can with sizing composition according to the present invention pour into, in the mould cavity of described mold, be applied with if desired basic coating.Mold is fully covered by sizing composition at this, and unnecessary sizing composition flows out from mold.After flow coat, defer to the outflow performance of applied sizing composition for flowing out the time of unnecessary sizing composition.
In addition, sizing material also can apply by smearing.
And then the carrying object being included in sizing material is evaporated, to such an extent as to obtains dry sizing material layer.As drying means, can apply all traditional drying means, for example air drying, by the air after dehumidifying be dried, by microwave or infra-red radiation be dried, in convection oven dry and similarly method as drying means.In a preferred form of implementation of the present invention, the mold of coating, at 20 DEG C in 250 DEG C, is preferably dried in 50 DEG C to 180 DEG C in convection oven.
In the time of application alcohol sizing material, be preferably dried by burn off alcohol or alcohol mixture according to sizing composition of the present invention.Here the mold of coating additionally heats by calory burning.In another preferred form of implementation, the processing that the mold of coating has not needed other is dry at air drying or in applied microwave in the situation that.
Sizing material can be applied in the mode of the layer of multiple stack settings with the form of independent layer or also.In its constituent, can be same or different at this each layer.For example first can manufacture basic coating by commercially available sizing material, described commercially available sizing material does not comprise the additives according to metal of the present invention.As basic coating, for example, can apply glue material or also can apply ethanol sizing material.But also possible that, manufacture all sizing materials by sizing composition according to the present invention.But the layer contacting with liquid metal afterwards is always manufactured by sizing material according to the present invention.In the time applying multiple layers, each layer can fully or partly be dried after applying.
The coating of being manufactured by sizing composition preferably has at least 0.1mm, preferably 0.2mm at least, especially preferably 0.45mm at least, especially preferably the drying layer thickness of 0.55mm at least.According to a form of implementation, the thickness of coating is selected as being less than 1.5mm.Here drying layer thickness is the layer thickness of dry coating, described dry coating by by substantially remove completely solvent composition and if desired and then sclerosis be dried sizing composition and obtain.The drying layer thickness of basis coating and covering coating is preferably by measuring and determine by means of wet layer thickness comb.
And then mold can intactly be assembled if desired.Casting is preferred for the manufacture of cast iron base substrate and cast steel base substrate.
Detailed description of the invention
In this example, the salt pair impact of the intensity of the core of gluing in inspection sizing material.Applied core sizing material 1 to 3 have table 1 to 3 in explanation constituent.
Table 1: the constituent of sizing material
Die casting sizing material is manufactured as follows: water is provided and salt is dissolved in the water.And then pulverize clay at least 15 minutes by the agitator of application high shear.
And then admix fire-resistant component, pigment and dyestuff and reach at least 15 minutes, until produce uniform mixture.Finally admix additive, as wetting agent, defoamer and anticorrisive agent and adhesive.
Sizing material is adjusted to and is suitable for viscosity application, in the scope of 0.6Pas for following test.Described adjusting by give original constituent add the water of respective amount and and then homogenising carry out.Principal character variable is viscosity at this, and described viscosity is measured by Brookfield viscometer (DIN EN ISO2555) and DIN4mm viscosity flow cup (DIN EN ISO2431) at 20 DEG C.
Table 2: application parameter
| ? | Sizing material 1 | Sizing material 2 | Sizing material 3 |
| Bu Shi [Pas] | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Delivery time [s] | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 |
| Solids content [%] | 57.5 | 57.5 | 62.5 |
| Immersion depth [mm] | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| ? | According to the present invention | According to the present invention | Not according to the present invention |
The magnesium sulfate that is included in the manganese chloride in sizing material 1 or be included in sizing material 2 causes obviously reducing the dissolving of the inorganic adhesive in surface or softens in the time using on inorganic core and mould.Therefore can determine that the core of gluing is than the higher stability of traditional sizing material.Effect is based on the following fact, is included in the ion that water in sizing material produces must be received in course of dissolution in the time contacting with the inorganic adhesive hardening in.If but water has comprised very high ion share, solubility product improves and the reception of other ion is become difficulty or is prevented from so.Therefore the salt having dissolved contributes to prevent unstable in gluing process of inorganic core and mould in sizing material.
Comparable performance can realize by the slaine of the magnesium chemically close and manganese equally.The Computer-Assisted Design, Manufacture And Test of moulding material sample
For two kinds of different core geometries of experiment purpose research.A kind of geometry, the performance of the sample that so-called George's Fischer prod illustrates gluing in thicker core geometry, another kind of geometry, the performance of the sample that so-called long core illustrates gluing in thin geometry.George's Fischer prod is interpreted as to prod rectangular-shaped, that have 150mm × 22.36mm × 22.36mm size.Long core has the size of 13mm × 20mm × 235mm.
The explanation in table 3 of the constituent of moulding material mixture.Carry out following steps in order to manufacture George's Fischer prod: the component of enumerating is mixed in laboratory arm stirrer (Hagen, Germany Vogel & Schemmann AG company) in table 3.First this provided to quartz sand and in the situation that stirring, add waterglass.As waterglass, application has the sodium silicate of the potassium of certain share.The SiO of waterglass
2: M
2o coefficient is about 2.2, and wherein M represents the summation of sodium and potassium.After mixture has been stirred one minute, under further stirring, add amorphous silica if desired.Amorphous silica is the aerosil of RW Silicium company.And then mixture still stirs one minute in addition.
Moulding material mixture is transferred in storage bin, and German Fil is gloomy
in the hot box core shooter of H2.5 of – Gie β ereimaschinen limited company, the mould of described moulding material mixture is heated to 180 DEG C.Moulding material mixture is introduced in mould and in mould and keeps 35 seconds in addition by means of compressed air (5bar).For the sclerosis of accelerating mixture, during latter 20 seconds, hot-air (2bar in the time entering mould, 150 DEG C) is guided through mould.Open mould and take out prod.
Clad compositions is applied on prod by dipping, and application parameter is listed in table 2.Prod or from mould take out after immediately coating or after the cool time of 30 minutes coating.The prod of coating is deposited 30 minutes applying after coating in drying box at 150 DEG C.
In order to determine bending strength, prod inserted in George's Fischer ruggedness test equipment that is equipped with three-point bending device (the DISA Industrie joint-stock company of Schaffhausen, Switzerland) and measure the power that causes prod to fracture.
The bending strength of the prod of coating is not measured according to following proposal:
-in latter 10 seconds of taking-up (calorific intensity)
-in latter 1 hour of taking-up (cold strength)
Prod carrys out coating according to following proposal:
-at latter 1 minute coating (hot coating) of taking-up
-at latter 30 minutes coating (cold coating) of taking-up
The bending strength of the prod of coating is measured according to following proposal:
-taking out latter 10 seconds (calorific intensity, hot coating) from drying box
-at latter 30 minutes coating (cold strength, hot coating, directly from baking oven takes out) of taking-up
-taking out latter 10 seconds (calorific intensity, cold coating, 20 DEG C of room temperatures) from drying box
-at latter 30 minutes coating (cold strength, cold coating) of taking-up
Table 3: the constituent of moulding material mixture
Table 4: the intensity of George's Fischer prod
Table 5: the intensity on long core
Containing the application of the coating of alcohol owing to forming the shortcoming of emission during casting technique but less desirable.In the case of the coating agent based on water of application standard, the sample being made up of the moulding material agent that comprises waterglass loses intensity (sizing material 4) consumingly.
Suppress to come from the possibility of reacting between the water of coating and the adhesive of moulding material by searching, be surprisingly found out that, in the time the specific salt in specific concentration range being added to moisture sizing composition, the inorganic core of gluing and the quality of mould can be enhanced constantly, and for example can realize without any problems the bin stability of many days of core and mould.For this object can be used the slaine of magnesium and/or manganese.Preferably use the manganese salt of oxidation valency+4.Especially preferably use the magnesium salts of oxidation valency+2 and the manganese salt of oxidation valency+2.
Preferably, use sulfate ion as anion, especially preferably use monovalence chlorion as anion.
The concentration of salt is particularly between 1 % by weight and corresponding saturated concentration, preferably between 3 % by weight and corresponding saturated concentration, and especially preferably between 5 % by weight and corresponding saturated concentration.
Claims (15)
1. a sizing composition, comprises:
(A) magnesium being greater than in the concentration of 1 % by weight in amounting to if desired of sizing composition and/or the slaine of manganese;
(B) carrying object that comprises water or formed by water; And
(C) refractory material.
2. sizing composition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, uses sulfate ion and/or the chlorion anion as above-mentioned salt.
3. sizing composition according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, use oxidation valency+2 or+4 magnesium and/or use the manganese of oxidation valency+2.
4. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, the concentration of wherein said salt is greater than 3 % by weight and is especially greater than 5 % by weight in described sizing composition.
5. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, the concentration maximum of wherein said salt is corresponding to the saturated concentration of applied described carrying object.
6. according to one or more described sizing composition in claim 1 to 4, the concentration of wherein said salt is less than 10 % by weight in described sizing composition.
7. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, wherein said carrying object comprises the water that is greater than 50 % by weight, and preferably comprise in addition alcohol, comprise polyalcohol and Aethoxy Sklerol, and particularly until can fully evaporate 160 DEG C and 1013mbar in the situation that.
8. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, the solids content of wherein said sizing composition is 30 % by weight to 70 % by weight.
9. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, the refractory material that wherein said sizing composition comprises 10 % by weight to 85 % by weight with the solid content meter of described sizing composition.
10. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, wherein said refractory material is the mixture of quartz, aluminium oxide, zirconia, alumina silicate, zircon sand, zirconium silicate, olivine, talcum, mica, coke, feldspar, diatomite, calcined kaolin, kaolinite, metakaolinite, iron oxide, alumina and/or above-mentioned material.
11. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, and wherein said refractory material is measured by means of the light scattering according to DIN/ISO13320, has the granularity of 0.1 μ m to 500 μ m, especially the granularity of 1 μ m to 200 μ m.
12. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, wherein said sizing composition with the described solid content meter of described sizing composition comprise 0.1 % by weight to 20 % by weight, at least one adhesive of 0.5 % by weight to 5 % by weight especially.
13. according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, and wherein said sizing composition comprises bright carbon forming agent or graphite, particularly 0.1 % by weight to 10 % by weight, particularly 0.5 % by weight to 3 % by weight.
The 14. one application for coating moulding material mixture according to one or more described sizing composition in the claims, described moulding material mixture is hardened by the waterglass as adhesive, is hardened if desired after at least with water dilution.
15. application according to claim 14, wherein said moulding material mixture comprises the mixture of silica, aluminium oxide, titanium oxide or zinc oxide and/or above-mentioned material and particularly amorphous silica.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011115025A DE102011115025A1 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2011-10-07 | Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores containing salts and their use |
| DE102011115025.4 | 2011-10-07 | ||
| PCT/DE2012/000972 WO2013050022A2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2012-10-05 | Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores, containing salts, and use thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103857481A true CN103857481A (en) | 2014-06-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280049488.6A Pending CN103857481A (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2012-10-05 | Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores, containing salts, and use thereof |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140352910A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2763807B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2014534074A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20140073576A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103857481A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112014008373A2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011115025A1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014KN00956A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2014004213A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2014118126A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013050022A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201402176B (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114080283A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2022-02-22 | Ask化学品股份有限公司 | Coated casting mould obtainable from a moulding material mixture containing an inorganic binder and a phosphorus compound and a boron oxide compound, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
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| DE102011115024A1 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Coating compositions for inorganic casting molds and cores comprising formic acid esters and their use |
| DE102014111781B4 (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2022-08-11 | Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute | Process for the electrochemical production of a silicon layer |
| KR101527909B1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-06-10 | 한국생산기술연구원 | inorganic binder composition for castings |
| DE102016112044B4 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2019-01-03 | Refratechnik Holding Gmbh | Use of a heat-insulating plate for insulating molten metal from the atmosphere or a metallurgical vessel |
| DE102016015852B4 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2024-05-29 | Refratechnik Holding Gmbh | Use of a heat-insulating molded body |
| DE102017107657A1 (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-05 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | A sizing composition comprising organic ester compounds and particulate amorphous silica for use in the foundry industry |
| DE102017107655A1 (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-05 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Use of an acid-containing sizing composition in the foundry industry |
| DE102017107658A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-05 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | A sizing composition for the foundry industry containing particulate amorphous silica and acid |
| CN108752629B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2020-10-02 | 曹立军 | Preparation method of light scattering particles |
| DE102018117651A1 (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Sizing composition for casting molds for metal casting, their use and the casting composition provided with the sizing composition |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2014004213A (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| WO2013050022A3 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
| BR112014008373A2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
| WO2013050022A2 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
| RU2014118126A (en) | 2015-11-20 |
| EP2763807B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
| ZA201402176B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| KR20140073576A (en) | 2014-06-16 |
| IN2014KN00956A (en) | 2015-10-09 |
| DE102011115025A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
| JP2014534074A (en) | 2014-12-18 |
| EP2763807A2 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| US20140352910A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
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