CN103852492B - Pumping of prostressed duct density monitoring method based on piezoelectric ceramics - Google Patents
Pumping of prostressed duct density monitoring method based on piezoelectric ceramics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of monitoring method of the pumping of prostressed duct density based on piezoelectric ceramic technology, it comprises step: at prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall top adhesive piezoceramic transducer, at relevant position, prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall bottom bonding piezoelectric ceramic actuator, between prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall and driver or sensor, be equipped with insulating barrier; Utilize arbitrary signal function generator to produce pumping signal, adopt high-voltage signal amplifier that pumping signal is amplified, utilize the pumping signal of amplifying to encourage piezoelectric ceramic actuator, make the inner stress wave that produces of prestress pipe, stress wave produces the signal of telecommunication to piezoceramic transducer effect; The signal of telecommunication that utilizes high-frequency signal acquisition system pick-up transducers to produce, utilizes wavelet-packet energy analytical method to judge pumping of prostressed duct density. The inventive method can accurately find the uncompacted position of mud jacking fast, is quick on the draw, easy and simple to handle, with low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to prestressed reinforced concrete construction monitoring field, more specifically relate to a kind of based on pressureThe monitoring method of the pumping of prostressed duct density of electroceramics technology.
Background technology
Prestressed reinforced concrete construction hole path pressure grouting effect is most important to ensureing prestressed reliability,The whether intact direct Prestressed Concrete Bridges that affects of bonding between slurry and prestress pipeDurability and security. But due to mud jacking technique and some human factor, pumping of prostressed ductOften not full, cause deformed bar not wrapped up by slurry completely, and presstressed reinforcing steelOnce corrosion can not be found at once, may make sodium chloride, water, air enter in a large number in pipelinePortion, causes that presstressed reinforcing steel corrosion, section fall sharply, fracture of wire and the fatal matter such as internal force loss is seriousAmount problem, finally causes prestressed failure, and effective prestress deficiency can cause prestressing force thusConcrete-bridge collapses, and causes very big economic loss.
At present the monitoring method of pumping of prostressed duct quality is mainly contained to geological radar method, impactEcho method and supercritical ultrasonics technology. And due to metal prestress pipe and intensive steel bundle shielding interference and JieThe problems such as electric constant is difficult to have accurately limited geological radar method and have supervised in pumping of prostressed duct densityThe application of surveying; Low and the table of impact echo scanning device to tested surface of impact echo method monitoring efficiencyFace smoothness and smooth degree all have higher requirements, and easily occur signal in the time that surface condition is severeThe test point of losing, causes test result is difficult to judgement; And application supercritical ultrasonics technology more widelySame Shortcomings part, for example, be subject to the type of strength grade of concrete, bellows and mixThe impact of the many factors such as the coupling between solidifying soil and sensor produces a lot of disturbing waves, detectsResult is affected by human factors larger, operating personnel's technical merit had higher requirements, and inspectionLocation is put must be can touch in scope etc. Therefore need to provide one be quick on the draw, easy and simple to handle,Monitoring method to pumping of prostressed duct quality with low cost.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just to provide a kind of highly sensitive, base fast and accuratelyIn the pumping of prostressed duct density monitoring method of piezoelectric ceramics and wavelet packet analysis.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of based on piezoelectric ceramic technologyThe monitoring method of pumping of prostressed duct density, the one that described monitoring method is used based onThe monitoring system of piezoelectric ceramic technology comprises: piezoelectric ceramic actuator, and piezoceramic transducer,High-frequency signal acquisition system, arbitrary signal function generator, high-voltage signal amplifier, computerAnalytical system; Described piezoceramic transducer is connected with high-frequency signal acquisition system by wire,This high-frequency signal acquisition system connects Computerized analysis system, and arbitrary signal function generator is through heightPress signal amplifier to be connected with piezoelectric ceramic actuator; The signal warp that piezoceramic transducer receivesHigh-frequency signal acquisition system reaches Computerized analysis system, and arbitrary signal function generator producesSignal encourages piezoelectric ceramic actuator after high-voltage signal amplifier amplifies; Described monitoring methodStep comprises: at prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall top adhesive piezoceramic transducer, at prestressed pipeRelevant position, pipeline outer wall bottom bonding piezoelectric ceramic actuator, in prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall and drivingBetween device or sensor, be equipped with insulating barrier; Utilize arbitrary signal function generator to produce excitation letterNumber, adopt high-voltage signal amplifier that pumping signal is amplified, utilize the pumping signal of amplifying to pressingElectroceramics driver encourages, and makes the inner stress wave that produces of prestress pipe, and stress wave is to pressingThe effect of electroceramics sensor produces the signal of telecommunication; Utilize high-frequency signal acquisition system pick-up transducers to produceThe raw signal of telecommunication, utilizes wavelet-packet energy analytical method to judge pumping of prostressed duct density.
Preferably, described piezoceramic transducer is multiple piezoelectric ceramic pieces, described manyOn individual piezoelectric ceramic piece, all scribble epoxy resin watertight composition.
Preferably, described piezoelectric ceramic actuator is multiple piezoelectric ceramic pieces, described manyOn individual piezoelectric ceramic piece, all scribble epoxy resin watertight composition.
Preferably, described piezoelectric ceramic piece is flange piezoelectric ceramic piece, and its upper and lower surface is silver-plated,Lower surface silver electrode is caused to upper surface, arrange between the two one without silver-plated isolation strip by upperThe galactic pole of lower surface is kept apart.
Preferably, the described insulation between prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall and driver or sensorLayer is epoxy resins insulation layer.
(3) beneficial effect
Monitoring method based on piezoelectric ceramics of the present invention is the reality of pumping of prostressed duct densityTime monitoring provides new approach. Compared with prior art, the present invention can realize fast detecting,Can find accurately the uncompacted position of mud jacking, be quick on the draw, easy and simple to handle, with low cost.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, belowTo the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described, aobvious andEasily insight, the accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for this areaThose of ordinary skill, is not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also be according to theseAccompanying drawing obtains other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of monitoring system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the framework schematic diagram of monitoring system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is of the present invention based on Fluctuation Method piezo-electric intelligent structure system schematic;
Fig. 4 is that monitoring system of the present invention is longitudinally arranged schematic diagram along bridge;
Fig. 5 is flange piezoelectric ceramic piece schematic diagram of the present invention;
In figure: 1 prestress pipe, 2 piezoceramic transducers, 3 piezoelectric ceramic actuators, 4 is pre-Stress rib, 5 arbitrary function signal generators, 6 high-voltage signal amplifiers, 7 high-frequency signals are adoptedCollecting system; 8 concrete, 9 prestressed concrete beam bodies.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but can not be used for limiting the scope of the invention.
It is close that the present invention proposes a kind of pumping of prostressed duct based on piezoelectric ceramics and wavelet packet analysisReality monitoring method, this monitoring method can be implemented high sensitivity to pumping of prostressed duct densityAnd active monitoring fast and accurately.
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of pumping of prostressed duct density based on piezoelectric ceramicsMonitoring method, it comprise the monitoring system based on piezoceramic transducer and driver foundation andThe monitoring of pumping of prostressed duct density and assessment method;
The described monitoring system based on piezoelectric ceramics, its establishment step is: due to prestress pipeMud jacking leakiness situation appears at the tip position of prestress pipe inside conventionally, so be chosen inThe tip position of prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall is pasted multiple piezoelectric ceramics as piezoceramic transducerSheet, pastes multiple piezoelectric ceramic pieces as piezoelectric ceramic actuator at its outer wall bottom position,Form piezo-electric intelligent structure system with this. On described piezoelectric ceramic piece, all scribble one deck epoxy resinWatertight composition, and be equipped with insulating barrier between all piezoelectric ceramic pieces and described prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall;The described piezoelectric ceramic piece as piezoceramic transducer is respectively by wire and high-frequency signal collectionSystem connects, described high-frequency signal acquisition system access computer; The described pressure as driverElectroceramics sheet is all connected with arbitrary signal function generator. By arbitrary function signal generator through heightAfter pressing signal amplifier amplifying signal, encourage piezoelectric ceramic actuator, its piezoceramic transducer withHigh-frequency signal acquisition system is connected, and the signal that piezoceramic transducer receives is through high-frequency signal collectionData are reached Computerized analysis system by system;
When the medium between piezoelectric ceramic actuator and sensor does not have cavity or when closely knit, pressesSlurry density is good, and signal energy index and mud jacking that its Computerized analysis system analyzes are closeThe signal energy index at the good place of reality is consistent substantially. When piezoelectric ceramic actuator and sensingWhen medium between device exists cavity to be mud jacking leakiness, its Computerized analysis system analyzesSignal energy index be less than the signal energy index at the good place of mud jacking density.
The installation method concrete steps of piezoelectric ceramic piece of the present invention are: due to piezoelectric ceramic pieceNeed to be arranged on prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall, install before piezoelectric ceramic piece first will be to pipeline outsideWall location for paste polishes smooth processing, guarantees that piezoelectric ceramic energy and prestress pipe wall closely tieClose; Thin layer epoxy resins insulation layer is evenly coated in pre-location for paste after polishing smooth. ByBe two silver-plated electrodes in piezoelectric ceramic piece upper and lower surface, and PZT need to stick on prestressing forceDirect welding lead on this face on pipeline outer wall, for ensure piezoelectric ceramic piece lower surface withThe smooth combination of steel pipe walls, chooses flange piezoelectric ceramic piece according to the difference of silver-plated scheme.
Described flange piezoelectric ceramic piece manufacture craft is: when factory process, lower surface silver electrode is drawnTo upper surface, arrange one between the two and without silver-plated isolation strip, the galactic pole of upper and lower surface is isolatedOpen, when weldering wire, only need on two electrodes of upper surface, to draw wire respectively, wire can be straight like thisConnect and be welded on same surface and ensure the smooth of sticking veneer simultaneously.
Analysis based on wavelet-packet energy of the present invention: due to stress wave concrete and in advance shouldIn two kinds of different mediums of power muscle material and propagate this process more complicated on prestress pipe interface,More complicated after cavity appears in pumping of prostressed duct leakiness, signal collected amplitude isThe embodiment of signal energy, as the piezoelectric ceramic piece of driver under the effect of the signal of telecommunication by shakingThe raw high frequency stress wave of movable property, this stress wave will be sent out in the time that inside concrete is propagated on damage interfaceThe phenomenons such as raw reflection and refraction, cause by the variation of relevant position upper stress ripple signal, therebyShow the variation of the signal of telecommunication of piezoceramic transducer output, by comparing piezoelectric ceramics sensingDifference between device output signal realizes the identification of mud jacking density situation.
In the present invention, adopt wavelet-packet energy to analyze judgement, with the small echo after WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITIONBag energy is variable, the stress wave energy under calculating different conditions under stress wave energy and health statusThe RMSD value of amount. Root-mean-square-deviation (RMSD) is a kind of healthier state and faulted conditionThe suitable damage criterion of difference between signal.
Damage criterion is defined as:
Sensor signal is by the WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION 2 of a n levelnSignal group { X1,X2…X2 n}。Ei,jThe energy of decomposed signal under faulted condition,
Expression formula is
And Xj=[xj,1,xj,2…xj,m], wherein i is time index, j be frequency band (j=1,2 ... 2n), m is samplingData amount check; Eh,jIt is the energy indexes under health status.
In the present invention, can choose the closely knit piezoelectric ceramics signal of mud jacking in prestress pipe is healthy shapeSignal under state. The E of institute's pressure measurement slurry density good locationsh,jShould with the E that surveys under health statush,jClose, the damage index I in this region should be similar to 0; If there is mud jacking leakiness in contrary monitored areaSituation, its Eh,jCertainly and the E surveying under health statush,jDiffer larger, the damage in this regionIndex I is larger. Mud jacking density is poorer, and damage index more trends towards 1.
The signal energy index and the pressure that measure based on the poor piezoceramic transducer of mud jacking densityThe signal energy index that electroceramics sensor records in mud jacking packing good locations, can obtainGo out the damage criterion of each piezoelectric ceramics output, and then draw each piezoceramic transducer instituteIn the pumping of prostressed duct density situation of position.
The foundation of detection system of the present invention is specifically divided into following step:
1, multiple piezoelectric ceramic pieces are pasted as sensor in the outer wall top of prestress pipe, in advance shouldMultiple piezoelectric ceramic pieces are pasted as driver in corresponding position, hydraulic piping outer wall bottom. Described pressureElectroceramics sheet is flange piezoelectric ceramic piece.
2, utilize arbitrary-function generator to encourage piezoelectric ceramic actuator, adopt high pressingLarge device amplifies pumping signal, makes the inner stress wave that produces of prestress pipe, by stress wave pairPiezoceramic transducer effect, and then produce the signal of telecommunication.
3, utilize high-frequency data acquisition system to gather the voltage signal of each sensor.
Know-why involved in the present invention; Be positioned at the pressure of bottom with arbitrary-function generator excitationElectroceramics driver, piezoelectric ceramic actuator is subject to encouraging rear generation to run through answering of prestress pipeReeb. The piezoceramic transducer that sticks on prestress pipe top is subject to producing electricity after stress waveLotus. Voltage signal on high-frequency signal acquisition system collecting sensor, utilizes wavelet-packet energy sideMethod is analyzed this signal, judges pumping of prostressed duct density situation with this.
Monitoring method based on piezoelectric ceramics is that the Real-Time Monitoring of pumping of prostressed duct density is carriedSupply new approach. Piezoceramic material has piezo-electric effect, utilizes its piezo-electric effect can be byIts making becomes sensor and driver is realized quick to the enforcement of pumping of prostressed duct densityEffectively and active monitoring accurately.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 4, paste piezoelectric ceramics in a prestressing force bellows outside top and bottomSheet respectively as sensor and driver, all scribbles one deck bisphenol-A on described piezoelectric ceramic pieceType epoxy resin watertight composition.
The paste position of described piezoelectric ceramic piece scribbles insulating barrier in advance, and described insulating barrier is one deckEpoxy resins insulation layer uniformly.
In this example, the concrete operation step of monitoring method is:
A, as shown in Figure 4, is 60mm in inner diameter d, and outer diameter D is 73mm, and wall thickness nominal value isThe prestress steel twist of 7 nominal diameter 15.2mm of stretch-draw in the circular prestressing force bellows of 2.5mmLine, mud jacking, natural curing, the concrete of sealing off and covering anchorage after-pouring C40. Make long and be widely 300 ×300mm concrete is as beam body test specimen. Test specimen length needs to determine according to test.
B, be chosen in bellows centre position, bending position and sealing off and covering anchorage position, as test section, are surveyedThe number of examination section is selected according to test requirements document. In top and the bottom of each test zone bellows outer wallPaste respectively piezoceramic transducer and driver, one group in corresponding position of every group selection is for pressing5 of electroceramics sensors, 2 of piezoelectric ceramic actuators.
C, piezoelectric ceramic piece is numbered. Sensor and driver are numbered respectively, and from a left sideTo right number consecutively. The monitoring system number of probes of each test zone is two, and one isUse when test, another for to destroy piezoelectric ceramics sensing in casting concrete beam body test specimen processFor subsequent use when device. When numbering, backup sensors is numbered separately.
D, the signal that is 500Hz-10KHz by the signal frequency of arbitrary function signal generator 5 swashEncourage piezoelectric ceramic actuator 3, as shown in Figure 1, utilize the collection of high-frequency data acquisition system recordThe signal of each piezoceramic transducer 2. Select the piezoelectric ceramics of the closely knit position of mud jacking to passThe signal of sensor 2 is the good signal reference of mud jacking density.
E, utilize following formula to calculate the damage criterion of each piezoceramic transducer 2, relatively each pressureThereby the damage criterion of electroceramics sensor 2 gained size draws a certain monitoring section of prestress pipeThe mud jacking density situation in territory,
E in formulai,jThe energy indexes of decomposed signal under faulted condition, Eh,jIt is the energy under health statusIndex.
Above embodiment is only for the present invention is described, but not limitation of the present invention. Although ginsengAccording to embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art should manageSeparate, technical scheme of the present invention is carried out to various combinations, revises or be equal to replacement, not de-From the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in claim scope of the present inventionIn the middle of.
Claims (3)
1. a monitoring method for the pumping of prostressed duct density based on piezoelectric ceramic technology,It is characterized in that the monitoring system bag based on piezoelectric ceramic technology that described monitoring method is usedDraw together: piezoelectric ceramic actuator, piezoceramic transducer, high-frequency signal acquisition system, arbitrarily letterNumber function generator, high-voltage signal amplifier, Computerized analysis system; Described piezoelectric ceramicsSensor is connected with high-frequency signal acquisition system by wire, and this high-frequency signal acquisition system connectsComputerized analysis system, arbitrary signal function generator is through high-voltage signal amplifier and piezoelectric ceramicsDriver connects; The signal that piezoceramic transducer receives reaches meter through high-frequency signal acquisition systemCalculation machine analytical system, the signal that arbitrary signal function generator produces is put through high-voltage signal amplifierExcitation piezoelectric ceramic actuator after large; Described monitoring method comprises step: at prestress pipeOuter wall top adhesive piezoceramic transducer, in relevant position, prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall bottom bondingPiezoelectric ceramic actuator, in prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall and piezoelectric ceramic actuator or piezoelectric ceramics biographyBetween sensor, be equipped with insulating barrier; Utilize arbitrary signal function generator to produce pumping signal, adoptPumping signal is amplified with high-voltage signal amplifier, utilize the pumping signal of amplifying to piezoelectric ceramicsDriver encourages, and makes the inner stress wave that produces of prestress pipe, and stress wave is to piezoelectric ceramicsSensor effect produces the signal of telecommunication; Utilize high-frequency signal acquisition system to gather piezoceramic transducerThe signal of telecommunication producing, utilizes wavelet-packet energy analytical method to judge that pumping of prostressed duct is closely knitProperty;
Described piezoceramic transducer is multiple piezoelectric ceramic pieces, at described multiple piezoelectricity potteriesOn ceramics, all scribble one deck epoxy resin watertight composition;
Described piezoelectric ceramic actuator is multiple piezoelectric ceramic pieces, at described multiple piezoelectricity potteriesOn ceramics, all scribble one deck epoxy resin watertight composition.
2. close according to a kind of pumping of prostressed duct based on piezoelectric ceramic technology of claim 1The monitoring method of reality, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric ceramic piece is flange piezoelectric ceramic piece,Its upper and lower surface is silver-plated, and lower surface silver electrode is caused to upper surface, and a nothing is set between the twoSilver-plated isolation strip keeps apart the galactic pole of upper and lower surface.
3. according to one kind of claim 1, the pumping of prostressed duct based on piezoelectric ceramic technology is closely knitThe monitoring method of property, is characterized in that, described drives at prestressed pipe pipeline outer wall and piezoelectric ceramicsInsulating barrier between moving device or piezoceramic transducer is epoxy resins insulation layer.
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| 不同粘结介质中CFRP筋锚固性能的试验研究;方志 等;《土木工程学报》;20060630;第39卷(第6期);47-51页 * |
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