CN103852382A - Establishment method of high-strength steel plate thermoforming limit diagram - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an establishment method of a high-strength steel plate thermoforming limit diagram. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of A. heating the reagent up to 950 DEG C in a sealing box 3, and carrying out heat preservation for 5min so as to enable the reagent to be completely austenitized; after that, cooling the reagent to the temperature needed to be measured in the experiment; B. establishing the forming limit lines of a high-strength steel plate in a single-drawing state, a double-isometric drawing state, a plane strain state and an intermediate state at all temperature by an expanding model in the sealing box; C. for the forming limit lines at the temperature below 400 DEG C, cooling the reagent to the temperature needed to be measured in the experiment at the cooling speed higher than the critical cooling rate vk so as to generate martensite phase transformation, and calculating to obtain the result; D. connecting the forming limit lines at all the temperature into two curved surfaces in origin software by a difference value method, and defining the two curved surfaces as a three-dimensional forming limit surface. After the establishment method of the thermoforming limit diagram is adopted, the thermoforming performance of the high-strength steel plate can be judged, and the higher the forming limit surface is, the better the thermoforming performance of the high-strength steel plate is.

Description

A kind of method for building up of high strength steel plate thermoforming limiting figure

Technical field

The present invention relates to sheet metal thermoforming manufacture field, particularly a kind of method for building up of metal sheet hot forming limit diagram, main application is to judge breaking in sheet metal thermoforming, evaluates the forming property of sheet metal.

Background technology

High-strength steel typically refers to cold rolling tensile strength on 340MPa, and hot rolling tensile strength is on 370MPa or the steel of yield strength on 210MPa.Because specific strength is high, crashworthiness is good, under equal safety condition, can significantly alleviate vehicle weight, be therefore subject to extensive concern in auto manufacturing.But high strength steel plate room temperature formability is poor, easily there is the defects such as wrinkling, cracking, therefore, conventionally adopt heat forming technology to make its acquisition qualified part that deform.

In normal temperature forming process, have multiple way for the formability evaluation of sheet material, wherein forming limit diagram (FLD) is the easiest of judgement and evaluation sheet material forming performance and method intuitively, is a very effective instrument of solution sheet stamping forming problem.FLD is the limit logarithmic strain ε of local buckling under differently strained path by sheet material ₁and ε ₂the bar strip region forming has reflected the forming limit of sheet material under unidirectional tension, two-way tension, plane strain and intermediateness effect comprehensively.In sheet material forming, the combination in any of two principal strains in board plane, as long as drop on the shaping limit curve in forming limit diagram, will produce and break when sheet deformation, otherwise be safety.

Hot press-formed limit experiment of the prior art, is heated to workpiece demand temperature often in outside, be then placed at the appointed time and in mould, carry out bulging experiment.But sheet metal bulging when experiment temperature changes like this, and drift temperature differs very large with test specimen temperature, and hot transmission can occur in the time that drift contact with test specimen, makes experimental result have larger error.

But owing to relating to temperature factor in drop stamping process, and the plastic deformation law of material has very big difference under different temperatures.As a rule, temperature is higher, and material plasticity is better, and yield strength and tensile strength are lower, therefore for the forming limit of drop stamping, and the relation of setting up principal strain and time strain that can not be simple, and should consider temperature effect.Traditional thermoforming limiting figure is made up of jointly the forming limit diagram under multiple different isothermals, each forming limit diagram is that principal strain and time strain form, as open day is: on June 12nd, 2012, denomination of invention is the patent of " a kind of simulating and predicting method of the thermoforming limit of ultra-high strength steel ", this patent discloses a kind of simulating and predicting method of thermoforming transient state forming limit of ultra-high strength steel, the primary and secondary strain of material under transient state technique described, but this patent does not solve this problem of method for building up of steel plate hot forming limiting figure, also thennoforming performance that just can not accurate evaluation plow-steel in thermoforming process.

In addition, because heat-punch member contacts cooling in deformation process with mould, the temperature of each position is all different, distribution gradient, if still adopt the method for building up of traditional forming limit diagram, be difficult to assess the unstability situation in drip molding alternating temperature forming process on traditional forming limit diagram.

Therefore, although traditional forming limit diagram can solve the evaluation problem of forming property in most of metal sheet forming technique, still there is limitation in it, carry out the forming property of effectively evaluating high strength steel plate in hot press-formed process in the urgent need to a kind of new forming limit diagram, for actual punching production provides guidance foundation.

Summary of the invention

Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method for building up of high strength steel plate thermoforming limiting figure, can not only solve the forming property evaluation problem that traditional forming limit diagram can solve, can also provide a kind of and can accurately, conveniently evaluate wrinkling, the splintering problem in high strength steel plate thermoforming process.

Technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for building up of high strength steel plate thermoforming limiting figure, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

Step 1. is heated to test specimen 950 DEG C in seal box 3, and is incubated 5 minutes, makes its complete austenitizing, then makes respectively it be cooled to test 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C of required measurement;

Step 2. is utilized the expanding die in seal box, carries out that high strength steel plate list at 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C temperature draws, two etc. draws, the bulging experiment of plane strain and intermediateness;

Step 3. is heated to test specimen 950 degree on Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation machine, and be incubated 5 minutes, make its complete austenitizing, be cooled to test temperature required 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C to be greater than critical cooling rate vk respectively again, there is martensite phase transformation, singly draw experiment, measure its length growth rate, by calculating the forming limit curves at 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C for temperature;

Step 4. adopts difference approach, in origin software, 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C forming limit curves are connected into curved surface, is defined as three-dimensional limit surface.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1) height of forming limit surface of the present invention can judge high strength steel plate thennoforming performance, and the thennoforming performance of the higher high strength steel plate of forming limit surface is better.

2) on forming limit curves of the present invention, required primary and secondary strain numerical value can be directly obtains by digital picture (DIC) commercial measurement of being correlated with, convenient quick again.

3) mould in seal box of the present invention can be changed, and can under different bead height, test.

4) by above technical scheme, have by single test and just can complete the advantage of breaking of finding, and the method for building up of a kind of high strength steel plate thermoforming limiting figure of the present invention, it has increased temperature variable on traditional forming limit diagram, can more intuitively and accurately judge whether high strength steel plate can successfully be shaped.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of hot forming limit experimental provision of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is elevation cross-sectional view and the vertical view of part blank holder bearing;

Fig. 3 is elevation cross-sectional view and the vertical view of a seal box bearing;

Fig. 4 is that seal box bearing is arranged and seal box profile schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is 400 DEG C of selected 4 points of following definition forming limit curves: uniaxial tension necking point (TE), plane strain point (PS), two etc. draws intermediate point (IM), the point (BI) that draws such as two;

Fig. 6 is the forming limit curves of each temperature under 400～850 DEG C of test conditions;

The thermoforming limiting figure of Fig. 7 for setting up according to method provided by the invention;

Fig. 8 for amendment before, B post in experiment, its primary and secondary strain value and the position of temperature value in forming limit diagram;

Fig. 9 is the radius of corner that increases die face step place;

Figure 10 for amendment after, B post in experiment, its primary and secondary strain value and the position of temperature value in forming limit diagram;

Wherein: 1-drift, 2-cooling gas check valve, 3-seal box, 4-blank holder, 5-test specimen, 6-die, 7-die depression bar O-ring seal, 8-die hydraulic pump, 9-high-speed camera head, 10-draft tube, the infrared temperature sensing device of 11-, 12-air hole, 13-illuminating lamp, 14-tempered glass, 15-support, 16-resistance wire, 17-blank holder bearing, 18-plunger rod O-ring seal, 19-seal box bearing, 20-drift hydraulic pump.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-10 and embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.

In order to obtain hot forming limit line, and keep stable temperature in insulation and experimental phase, prevent high-strength steel over oxidation, a kind of high strength steel plate thermoforming limit experimental provision provided by the invention, this device comprises: drift 1, cooling gas check valve 2, seal box 3, blank holder 4, test specimen 5, die 6, die depression bar O-ring seal 7, die hydraulic pump 8, high-speed camera head 9, draft tube 10, infrared temperature sensing device 11, air hole 12, illuminating lamp 13, tempered glass 14, support 15, resistance wire 16, blank holder bearing 17, drift hydraulic pump connecting rod O-ring seal 18, seal box bearing 19, drift hydraulic pump 20.

Wherein, drift hydraulic pump 20, seal box bearing 19 and support 15 are to be welded on base.The piston rod upper end of drift hydraulic pump 20 has screw thread, is threaded, thereby can carries out power transmission with hydraulic pump between drift and piston rod.

Blank holder bearing 17 two ends are all fluted, and the groove of lower end, for coordinating with seal box bearing 19, can be located the position of blank holder bearing.The groove of upper end coordinates with blank holder 4, determines the position of blank holder 4, determines the position of test specimen 5 and die 6 simultaneously.

On die 6, apply pressure-pad-force with hydraulic pump 8, test specimen is carried out to flanging.

Tempered glass 14 is installed the top with seal box, has interference fit with seal box.Resistance wire 16 is installed and is fixed on the inner bag of seal box.

Seal box front end has openable band packoff door, can operate seal box inside.

High-speed camera head 9, infrared temperature sensing device 11 and illuminating lamp 13 are arranged on crossbeam, and crossbeam is arranged on support 15, can realize along support 15 and move up and down and fix.

Cooling gas check valve 2 is arranged on sealing tank wall with draft tube 10, and can realize sealing.Between each hydraulic pump connecting rod and seal box 3, there is O-ring seal, as die depression bar O-ring seal 7 and drift hydraulic pump connecting rod O-ring seal 18, to ensure the sealing of seal box.

In addition, the present invention also provides the method for utilizing above-mentioned experimental facilities to test, specifically comprises the following steps:

Step 1, first seal box 3, drift hydraulic pump 20 are assembled according to the position of seal box bearing 19, drift 1 is fixed on the connecting rod of drift hydraulic pump 20.Protrude at seal box bearing 19 tops, for supporting blank holder bearing.Can prevent that blank holder bearing is directly used in masterpiece on sealing tank wall, thereby cause seal box distortion.

Step 2, blank holder bearing 17 is positioned on seal box bearing 19.

As seen from Figure 2, blank holder bearing is circular, as shown in Figure 4, just can determine its relative position according to 4 seal box bearings.

Step 3, on test specimen 5, stamp speckle, the material of speckle is high temperature lacquer, and material is the exotic materials such as tungsten.The temperature of steel plate can bear thermoforming time, can effectively prevent that high temperature lacquer comes off and causes inefficacy under hot conditions.

Step 4, determine the position of blank holder 4 by the groove on blank holder bearing 17 tops, thereby determine the position of test specimen 5, blank holder 6.Die top provides pressure-pad-force by die hydraulic pump 8, and its top is fixed by headboard (not shown in FIG.).According to each experiment needs, can also change different blank holder bead height.

Step 5, high-speed camera head 9, infrared temperature sensing device 10, illuminating lamp 13 are placed on support 15, high-speed camera head moves up and down along camera bracket, completes automatic focusing.

Step 6, expanding die, in seal box 3, and pass into the blanket gas slightly lower than atmospheric density by draft tube 10 and air hole 12 in seal box, in order to prevent the oxidation of test specimen 5 and drift 1.

Step 7, the blanket gas being passed into by air hole 12 can be discharged air from cooling gas check valve 2;

This step is oxidized in order to effectively to prevent mould and test specimen in seal box.

Step 8, heat whole inner space by the resistance wire 16 of seal box inwall, and measure sealing the temperature inside the box by infrared temperature sensing device 11.Can control the size of electric current, to reach the object of controlling temperature.

Blank holder bearing and die surface have all carried out high temperature resistant processing, and surface coverage has the high temperature resistant interlayer of one deck.

As seen from Figure 1, drift is also held in seal box by entirety.Although drift entirety can not be heated to high temperature, can ensure that punch head surface and workpiece temperature approach.

Step 9, directly become by the stress on any time test specimen surface in high-speed camera head 9 on-line measurement experimentations.Gather out the strain value that the moment occurs critical fracture, as the critical strain values of drawing forming limit curves.

Based on experimental provision of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of method for building up of high strength steel plate thermoforming limiting figure, comprises the following steps:

Step 1. is heated to test specimen 950 DEG C in seal box 3, and is incubated 5 minutes, makes its complete austenitizing, then makes respectively it be cooled to test 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C of required measurement;

More than 400 DEG C time, under austenitic state, variable is large, can directly can obtain real-time strain with experimental provision of the present invention by DIC, thereby can obtain a forming limit curves of corresponding temperature.Therefore,, in this embodiment, heating is cooled to 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C more respectively, can obtain the forming limit curves under corresponding temperature.

Step 2. is utilized the expanding die in seal box, carries out that high strength steel plate list at 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C temperature draws, two etc. draws, the bulging experiment of plane strain and intermediateness;

Step 3. is heated to test specimen 950 degree on Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation machine, and be incubated 5 minutes, make its complete austenitizing, be cooled to test temperature required 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C to be greater than critical cooling rate vk respectively again, there is martensite phase transformation, singly draw experiment, measure its length growth rate, by calculating the forming limit curves at 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C for temperature;

When temperature is lower than below 400 DEG C time, can there is martensite phase transformation in material, and under full martensitic state, deflection is little, test that to obtain 400 DEG C of forming limit curves below more difficult by bulging, therefore needs to obtain by calculating.

In this experiment, the temperature that measure is 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C.

Introduce the preparation method of 400 DEG C of following forming limit curves below:

As can be seen from Figure 5, if uniaxial tension necking point TE, plane strain point PS, two etc. draw intermediate point IM, two etc. draw a BI all known; Can obtain so a forming limit curves.

Uniaxial tension necking point (TE) can use (1), (2) formula to calculate:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_2^{\mathrm{TE}}=-\frac{(0.0626\·A_{80}^{0.567}+(t-1)\·(0.12-0.0024\·A_{80}))\·0.797\·r^{0.701}}{\sqrt{(1+{(0.797\·r^{0.701})}^2)}}---\left(1\right)$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{TE}}=(1+0.797\·r^{0.701})\×\frac{(0.0626\·A_{80}^{0.567}+(t-1)\·(0.12-0.0024\·A_{80}))}{\sqrt{(1+{(0.797\·r^{0.701})}^2)}}---\left(2\right)$

In formula, t is thickness, A ₈₀for percentage of total elongation, r is rate of strain, ε ₁for principal strain, ε ₂for inferior strain.

For plane strain point (PS), two grades draw point (BI) formula to be described as:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{ps}}=0.0084\·A_{80}+0.0012\·A_{80}\·(t-1)---\left(3\right)$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{BI}}=0.00215\·A_{80}^{\min }+0.25+0.00285\·A_{80}^{\min }\·t---\left(4\right)$

In formula,

it is the minimum percentage of total elongation that singly draws experiment to obtain in 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° rolling directions.

Two grades draw intermediate point (IM) to calculate by following formula:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{IM}}=0.0062\·A_{80}+0.18+0.0027\·A_{80}\·(t-1)---\left(5\right)$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_2^{\mathrm{IM}}=0.75\·(0.0062\·A_{80}+0.18+0.0027\·A_{80}\·(t-1))---\left(6\right)$

With 300 DEG C, computation process is described as an example.Test specimen is heated to 950 degree on Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation machine, and is incubated 5 minutes, make its complete austenitizing, then to be greater than critical cooling rate v _kbe cooled to 300 DEG C, singly draw experiment, measure percentage of total elongation A ₈₀.

Record the percentage of total elongation A at 300 DEG C ₈₀=22%; Become the direction of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° singly to draw experiment along rolling direction respectively, record minimum percentage of total elongation

rate of strain r=1.

By the data of gained above substitution (1)～(6) formula respectively, that is:

Uniaxial tension necking point (TE):

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_2^{\mathrm{TE}}=-\frac{(0.0626{\×22}^{0.567}+(1.5-1)\·(0.12-0.0024\×22))\×0.797\×1^{0.701}}{\sqrt{(1+{(0.797\×1^{0.701})}^2)}}=-0.25$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{TE}}=(1+0.797\×1^{0.701})\×\frac{(0.0626{\×22}^{0.567}+(1.5-1)\·(0.12-0.0024\×22))}{\sqrt{(1+{(0.797{\×1}^{0.701})}^2)}}=0.55$

Plane strain point (PS):

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{ps}}=0.0084\×22+0.0012\×22\×(1.5-1)=0.198$

Two grades are drawn intermediate point (IM):

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{IM}}=0.0062\×22+0.18+0.0027\×22\×(1.5-1)=0.346$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_2^{\mathrm{IM}}=0.75\×(0.0062\×22+0.18+0.0027\×22\×(1.5-1))=0.259$

Two grades are drawn point (BI):

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{BI}}={\mathrm{\ϵ}}_2^{\mathrm{BI}}=0.00215\×19+0.25+0.00285\×19\×1.5=0.372$

Above tried to achieve point is painted in figure, then carries out round and smoothly, can obtain 400 DEG C of following forming limit curves.

Generally speaking, the forming limit curves under variable temperature can finally obtain according to experiment and prediction, as shown in Figure 6.

Step 4. adopts difference approach, in origin software, 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C forming limit curves are connected into curved surface, is defined as three-dimensional limit surface.

There are three coordinate axis in forming limit diagram described in step 4, X coordinate axis is principal strain, and Y coordinate axis is time strain, and Z coordinate axis is temperature.

Described in step 4 there is forming limit surface in forming limit diagram, and the above zone definitions of limit surface is rupture zone, and the following zone definitions of limit surface is place of safety.The point that material strain is at a certain temperature corresponding in the drawings, is positioned at limit surface and is judged to be above material unstability, is positioned at limit surface and is judged to be safety once.

The forming limit surface of forming limit diagram described in step 4 is formed by connecting by many forming limit curves, every forming limit curves is obtained by different temperatures bulging test, every forming limit curves is made up of jointly strain conditions, and method is for to connect into face by each forming limit curves by interpolation method

Adopt numerical model (Pamstamp-2G) accurately to carry out the thermoforming numerical simulation of typical parts, obtain drip molding each point strain value, temperature value.

Drip molding each point temperature value and strain value are positioned in the forming limit surface 3-D walls and floor of foundation, and the position more than curved surface is defined as rupture location, and the position below curved surface is home.

Position by each point in forming limit diagram is mapped in finite element aftertreatment, be positioned at point on the forming limit surface critical conditions in breaking, forming limit surface is above for breaking, and forming limit surface is safety below, the situation of breaking that so far can the each position of intuitive judgment typical parts.

Introduce the application of the metal sheet forming limiting figure of setting up according to said method below:

Material is BR1500HS high strength steel plate, and drip molding is B post.

For the validity of the thermoforming limiting figure that proves to set up according to the method, actual products B post is carried out to the shock pressure experiments in explosive area.In experiment, the power of B post being carried out to punching press is 6300kN.

Before the amendment of drawbead height, break in the straight wall of B post place, and its primary and secondary strain value and the position of temperature value in forming limit diagram are as shown in Figure 4.

As shown in Figure 5, amendment drawbead height, all reduces 1/2nd by drawbead height everywhere in debug process, has reduced drawbead resistance.Reduce the size of each corner blank, relatively reduced the charging resistance at this place.The radius of corner that increases die face step place, makes corner charging be tending towards easy.

After amendment, B post primary and secondary strain value and the position of temperature value in forming limit diagram are as shown in Figure 6.All, under forming limit surface, can not break in its strain point position, can successfully be shaped.

Above-described embodiment, has carried out further detailed description to the present invention, the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.The present invention is not only for high-strength steel, still feasible to other metal materials.

Claims (2)

1. a method for building up for high strength steel plate thermoforming limiting figure, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

Step 1. is heated to test specimen 950 DEG C in seal box 3, and is incubated 5 minutes, makes its complete austenitizing, then makes respectively it be cooled to test 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C of required measurement;

Step 2. is utilized the expanding die in seal box, carries out that high strength steel plate list at 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C temperature draws, two etc. draws, the bulging experiment of plane strain and intermediateness;

Step 3. is heated to test specimen 950 degree on Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation machine, and be incubated 5 minutes, make its complete austenitizing, be cooled to test temperature required 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C to be greater than critical cooling rate vk respectively again, there is martensite phase transformation, singly draw experiment, measure its length growth rate, by calculating the forming limit curves at 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C for temperature;

Step 4. adopts difference approach, in origin software, 900 DEG C, 800 DEG C, 700 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 20 DEG C forming limit curves are connected into curved surface, is defined as three-dimensional limit surface.

2. the method for building up of high strength steel plate thermoforming limiting figure according to claim 1, is characterized in that:

In step 3,400 DEG C of following forming limit curves calculate acquisition by the following method:

The first, calculate uniaxial tension necking point TE:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_2^{\mathrm{TE}}=-\frac{(0.0626\·A_{80}^{0.567}+(t-1)\·(0.12-0.0024\·A_{80}))\·0.797\·r^{0.701}}{\sqrt{(1+{(0.797\·r^{0.701})}^2)}}---\left(1\right)$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{TE}}=(1+0.797\·r^{0.701})\×\frac{(0.0626\·A_{80}^{0.567}+(t-1)\·(0.12-0.0024\·A_{80}))}{\sqrt{(1+{(0.797\·r^{0.701})}^2)}}---\left(2\right)$

In formula, t is thickness, A ₈₀for percentage of total elongation, r is rate of strain, ε ₁for principal strain, ε ₂for inferior strain.

The second, Calculation Plane strain point PS:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{ps}}=0.0084\·A_{80}+0.0012\·A_{80}\·(t-1)---\left(3\right)$

Three, a BI that draw such as two:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{BI}}=0.00215\·A_{80}^{\min }+0.25+0.00285\·A_{80}^{\min }\·t---\left(4\right)$

In formula, the minimum percentage of total elongation in transversal section, vertical diagonal rolling.

Calculate two grade and draw intermediate point IM:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_1^{\mathrm{IM}}=0.0062\·A_{80}+0.18+0.0027\·A_{80}\·(t-1)---\left(5\right)$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_2^{\mathrm{IM}}=0.75\·(0.0062\·A_{80}+0.18+0.0027\·A_{80}\·(t-1))---\left(6\right)$

According to calculating the uniaxial tension necking point TE, the plane strain point PS that obtain, two etc. draw intermediate point IM, two etc. drawing a BI, thereby obtain the forming limit curves of corresponding temperature.

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