CN103849988B - A kind of two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and uses thereof - Google Patents

A kind of two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and uses thereof Download PDF

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CN103849988B
CN103849988B CN201210497960.4A CN201210497960A CN103849988B CN 103849988 B CN103849988 B CN 103849988B CN 201210497960 A CN201210497960 A CN 201210497960A CN 103849988 B CN103849988 B CN 103849988B
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polytetrafluoroethylene fibre
layer fabric
access node
fabric
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CN103849988A (en
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张尤娟
杨丽丽
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Fibers and Textiles Research Laboratories China Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and uses thereof, this two-layer fabric is fibrage access node all-in-one-piece polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and other fibers formed by binding place, the fiber number wherein forming the fiber of described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is 50 ~ 1400dtex, the twist is 0 ~ 800t/m, and other fibers are one or more in cotton, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide.Fabric with low friction coefficient of the present invention has that coefficient of friction is little, peel strength is high, stress and deformation is little, the simple feature of technique, and this two-layer fabric can be applicable to mechanical moving element.

Description

A kind of two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and uses thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and uses thereof.
Background technology
Traditional sliding bearing is generally all made by metal material, and this class bearing is limited to use in some occasion, such as underwater operation.Owing to adding lubricating oil in traditional bearing, in order to prevent the phenomenon such as leakage of oil, oil dripping, thus significantly limit traditional bearing and can not use the application in the occasion of lubricating oil.Therefore, the necessary bearing developing a kind of oil-free lubrication.Along with the development of technology, people have developed the pure polyflon of a kind of employing as press face, are applied in Nonlubricated bearing.But, in actual use, because the ABRASION RESISTANCE of polyflon is bad, cause the wearing and tearing of sliding bearing comparatively serious, substantially reduce its service life.Particularly under high capacity operation, the surface self-lubricating Wear-resistant plastic bed of material (polyflon layer) is easy to be worn through, and causes traditional bearing or axle just to there will be the phenomenon of breaking, and in severe cases, even can threaten the life security of operating personnel.Although have developed at present a kind of adopt polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to become with other fiber interweavings woven and be applied in sliding bearing, but this kind of woven just meets the good requirement of sliding, can not meet for the caking property between fabric and metal axle sleeve.When bearing operation, this fabric is just easily peeled off by external force, thus causes the inefficacy of self-lubricating bearing.
As disclosed a kind of bearing self-lubricating composite liner and preparation method thereof in Chinese publication CN 1O2535167A, this fabric is the fibrous intertexture by PTFE fiber and other fibrages of at least one, and has impregnated material at intertexture Surface coating.Although it is high that this composite has intensity, the feature that coefficient of friction is little, but this invention adopts phenolic resins, molybdenum bisuphide, nano aluminium oxide, superfine powder of polytetrafluoroethylene is mixed with impregnated material, then intertexture surface is coated to, obtained PTFE composite, because PTFE composite material surface tension force is little, its tension force is only 0.019N/m, it is the minimum a kind of solid material of current surface tension, be difficult to paste with other materials, so adopt binding agent by above-mentioned PTFE Composite Bonded in steel surface time, by after external force in motion process, easily make to peel off between composite and metal surface, thus cause the moving components such as self-lubricating bearing to lose efficacy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of coefficient of friction is little, peel strength is high, stress deformation is little, technique is simply containing two-layer fabric and uses thereof of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention, comprise top layer and nexine, this two-layer fabric is fibrage access node all-in-one-piece polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and other fibers formed by binding place, the fiber number wherein forming the fiber of above-mentioned polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is 50 ~ 1400dtex, the twist is 0 ~ 800t/m, and other fibers are one or more in cotton, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide.If adopt polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and other fiber interweavings to obtain individual layer intertexture, although this woven has taken into account sliding and close-burning feature, if when this woven is applied to bearing, interlacing point quantity due to woven one side is all not the quantity of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) interlacing point, so the self lubricity of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) excellence can not be given full play to, but also there is the shortcoming of adherence difference between this woven and metal surface.If the fiber number of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre is less than 50dtex, because fiber is too thin, weave difficulty, and the cloth abrasion consumption obtained also can be caused to be deteriorated; If the fiber number of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre is greater than 1400dtex, fabric friction coefficient can be caused to become large, and when being applied to bearing, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is not good as rubbing surface lubricant effect.The polytetrafluoroethylene fibre twist forming this fabric is 0 ~ 800t/m.If the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre twist forming this fabric is greater than 800t/m, owing to being applied with the larger twist, along the length direction of long filament, each monofilament there will be strong torsion phenomenon, therefore obtained fabric will produce very large frictional force, affect the self-lubricating effect in this fabric abrasive face, and arrangement between the larger each monofilament of the twist is tightr, when the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer in two-layer fabric is applied to bearing etc. as rubbing surface, because the monofilament forming fabric is concentrated stressed, very easily rubbed, cause the wearing and tearing of sliding bearing comparatively serious simultaneously, substantially reduce its service life.
In two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention, other fibers are one or more in cotton, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide.The fibrage adopting above-mentioned fiber to obtain is as the top layer of two-layer fabric and nexine, and when being applied to the moving components such as bearing, this layer is pasted on bearing surface, have good adherence, peel strength is high, also not easily peels off under the service condition of high load capacity.This two-layer fabric can resist certain deformation in friction process simultaneously, and namely two-layer fabric stress deformation of the present invention is little, is conducive to the proper motion maintaining mechanical part.Consider the adherence between metal and stress deformation aspect, the preferred cotton fiber of other fibers above-mentioned and polyphenylene sulfide fibre.
The fibrage that the fibrage that the structure of the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention is formed as top layer, other fibers for polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is formed as nexine or other fibers as top layer, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as nexine.When being applied to the moving components such as bearing by the two-layer fabric that specific weaving method is obtained, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is as frictional layer, the fibrage that other fibers are formed is pasted on the moving component surfaces such as bearing as following layer, there is good adherence, peel strength is high, also not easily peels off under the service condition of high load capacity.
The table organization of the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention is plain weave, twill, satin weave and alternative construction thereof, is innerly organized as plain weave, twill, satin weave and alternative construction thereof.Preferred twill or satin weave and alternative construction thereof.Adopt twill or satin weave and alternative construction thereof, fabric face has certain floating length, can cover the fiber of access node effect preferably.Thus make this two-layer fabric play best performance, and the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer of top layer or nexine, the coefficient of friction of this layer is low, has good self-lubricating property; Another layer is one or more other fibrages formed in cotton, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, has higher peel strength.
The access node method of the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention is back warp access node, shows through access node, access node through access node, binding pick access node or associating access node.When knitting top layer, back warp is mentioned and is interweaved form access node with table latitude, and this access node method is called back warp access node, or title " under connect " access node method; When knitting nexine, showing interweaves through decline and back weft forms access node, and this access node method is called that table is through access node, or claims " above connecing down " access node method; Adopt additional access node through interweaving with table back weft, two-layer fabrics is coupled together, and this access node method is called that access node is through access node method; Warp yarns in adopting additional binding pick and showing, two-layer fabrics is coupled together, and this access node method is called binding pick access node; When knitting table latitude, back warp is mentioned and is interweaved with table latitude, and when knitting back weft, showing interweaves through decline and back weft forms access node jointly, and this access node method is called associating access node.Wherein preferably table is through access node, back warp access node or associating access node, because these three kinds of access node methods use the warp thread of self or weft yarn to carry out access node, weaving process is comparatively simple, easy to operate.More preferably combine access node, reach unanimity because table, back warp can be made to contract, and access node two-layer in table is also more firm.And adopt access node through access node and binding pick access node method, just need to adopt additional wire access node, machine work can be made complicated.In addition, adopt access node when access node method, because access node is comparatively large through crimp, must dual beams be adopted.When adopting binding pick access node method, the loom of the weft insertion device can changing multiple weft yarn must be used to weave.Therefore, access node is applied less through access node and these two kinds of methods of binding pick access node.
Two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention, containing 30 ~ 196 monofilament in described polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yarn.If monofilament radical is less than 30, when two-layer fabric contacts with mechanical moving element, odd number radical is fewer, and the abrasion performance of gained fabric will be deteriorated; If monofilament radical is more than 196, spinning difficulty will be increased like this, cause production cost to increase.
In two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention, the warp of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, the broadwise coefficient of sliding friction are below 0.10, and preferably less than 0.08, more preferably less than 0.06.If the warp of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, the broadwise coefficient of sliding friction are higher than 0.10, illustrate that the self-lubricating effect of this fabric is not remarkable, when fabric contacts with mechanical moving element, frictional force is larger, the normal operation of frictional metal parts can be affected, fabric can be easy to be worn, thus causes the wearing and tearing of sliding bearing comparatively serious, substantially reduces its service life.
The fibrolaminar peel strength that in two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention, other fibers are formed is greater than 0.5N/mm.If peel strength is lower than 0.5N/mm, the adhesive property of fabric and metal is deteriorated, and easily peels off, cause the inefficacy of mechanical moving element during work by after external force.
The grammes per square metre of the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention is 500 ~ 1500g/m 2.If the grammes per square metre of this two-layer fabric is lower than 500g/m 2, the too thin softness of fabric, abrasion performance is bad, easily breaks in friction process; If the grammes per square metre of this fabric is higher than 1500g/m 2, difficulty of weaving increases, and production cost rises.
The warp-wise density of the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention is 30 ~ 250 pieces/inch, and latitudinal density is 30 ~ 250 pieces/inch.If the warp of this fabric, latitudinal density are lower than 30 pieces/inch, the abrasion performance of fabric reduces, and easily breaks in friction process; If the warp of this fabric, latitudinal density are higher than 250 pieces/inch, production cost will increase, and difficulty of weaving increases.
The thickness of the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention is 0.50 ~ 1.20mm.If the thickness of this fabric is lower than 0.50mm, fabric is too thin, and abrasion performance is bad, easily breaks in friction process; If the thickness of this fabric is higher than 1.20mm, weave difficulty, production cost increases.
Two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of the present invention has the advantages that coefficient of friction is little, peel strength is high, stress deformation is little, and the production method of two-layer fabric of the present invention is simple, production cost is low.This two-layer fabric can be applicable to mechanical moving element, is particularly applied to the mechanical moving element under the environment of low velocity, top load.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the two-layer fabric schematic diagram adopting back warp access node method, and wherein 1,2,3,4,5,6 is top layer warp thread, and I, II, III, IV, V, VI is nexine warp thread, and A is top layer weft yarn, and a is nexine weft yarn.
Detailed description of the invention
By following examples, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to embodiment, and each physical property in embodiment is measured by following methods.
[fiber number]
According to the testing standard of JIS L-1017-2002 8.3, use thread yarn horizontal metroscope winding 100 circle sample, often enclosing length is 1 meter, rotating speed is 120rpm, then sample is taken off knotting, puts into baking oven, be 105 ± 2 DEG C in temperature, the time is within more than 2 hours, carry out drying process.After sample is taken out, use precision balance to weigh, obtain absolute dry weight.The computing formula of fiber number is as follows: d=M ' × 10000 × (1+Rc/100)/L,
Wherein d: fiber number (dtex);
Rc: official regain (%);
M ': the absolute dry weight (g) of sample;
L: the length (m) of sample.
[twist]
According to the testing standard of JIS L-1017-2002 8.4, the filament samples of 0.5 meter is fixed on twist instrument, by reverse untwisting method, the twist in long filament is decorporated, until all monofilament are arranged in parallel in long filament.The unwinding of twist instrument record being returned number takes advantage of in 2, and namely obtain the twist of this filament samples, unit is t/m.
[coefficient of sliding friction]
Friction coefficient tester (model: IT-RC INTEC manufactures) is tested.Concrete method of testing is as follows: the fabric sample of 50mm × 150mm be close under temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition and be fixed in rubbing table, and uses SUS304BA metallic plate as friction opponent material.Rubbing table adds the counterweight of 250g weight, tests with the speed of 50mm/min.The computing formula of coefficient of friction is as follows: μ=f/ N,
Wherein μ: the coefficient of sliding friction;
F: kinetic force of friction (N);
N: the normal pressure (N) that sample bears.
[peel strength]
According to GB/T 2790-1995, test speed is 100 ± 10mm/min.The computing formula of peel strength is as follows: б l80 °=F/B,
Wherein б l80 °: 180 ° of peel strengths, kN/m;
F: peeling force, N;
B: specimen width, mm.
[grammes per square metre]
According to JIS L 1096-1999 8.4, use electronic balance to take the weight of the sample of 10cm × 10cm, then the data obtained is taken advantage of 100, obtain the weight of every square meter after converting.
[through latitudinal density]
According to JIS L 1096-1999 8.6 densimetry, measure the thread count of fabric with pick glass.
[thickness]
According to JIS L 1096-1999 8.5, the pressure of test is 23.5kPa (240gf/cm 2).
Embodiment 1
Table warp, table weft yarn all adopts fiber number to be 440dtex, the twist is 190t/m, monofilament radical is the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament of 60, back warp, back weft yarn all adopts fiber number to be 470dtex, monofilament radical is 72, tensile strength is 39.8N, elongation at break is the polyamide full-drawn yarn of 23.3%, setting top layer, nexine all adopts 3/3 twill-weave, by associating access node method by above-mentioned polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and aramid fiber layer access node integral, then weaved by Rapier looms, obtained top layer warp count is 120 pieces/inch, weft count is 90 pieces/inch, nexine warp count is 120 pieces/inch, weft count is the two-layer fabric of 90 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained two-layer fabric being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.When this two-layer fabric is applied to bearing, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as top layer is rubbing surface, be that binding face is pasted on bearing surface as the aramid fiber layer of nexine.
Embodiment 2
Table warp, table weft yarn all adopt the cotton yarn of 40S/2, back warp, back weft yarn all adopt the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament that fiber number is 440dtex, the twist is 190t/m, monofilament radical is 60, setting top layer, nexine all adopt 2/2 twill-weave, by back warp access node method by above-mentioned cotton fiber layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer access node integral, then weaved by Rapier looms, obtained top layer warp count is 90 pieces/inch, weft count is 90 pieces/inch, the two-layer fabric that nexine warp count is 90 pieces/inch, weft count is 90 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained two-layer fabric being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.When this two-layer fabric is applied to bearing, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as nexine is rubbing surface, be that binding face is pasted on bearing surface as the cotton fiber layer on top layer.
Embodiment 3
Table warp, table weft yarn all adopt the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament that fiber number is 890dtex, the twist is 300t/m, monofilament radical is 120, back warp, back weft yarn all adopt the polyphenylene sulfide yams of 20S/2, setting top layer, nexine all adopt 2/1 twill-weave, by table through access node method by above-mentioned polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and polyphenylene sulfide fibre layer access node integral, then weaved by Rapier looms, obtained top layer warp count is 90 pieces/inch, weft count is 60 pieces/inch, the two-layer fabric that nexine warp count is 90 pieces/inch, weft count is 60 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained two-layer fabric being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.When this two-layer fabric is applied to bearing, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as top layer is rubbing surface, be that binding face is pasted on bearing surface as the polyphenylene sulfide fibre layer of nexine.
Embodiment 4
Table warp, table weft yarn all adopts fiber number to be 440dtex, the twist is non-twist, monofilament radical is the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament of 60, back warp, back weft yarn all adopts fiber number to be 280dtex, monofilament radical is the polyester fully drawn yarn of 48, setting top layer, nexine all adopts 5/2 satin weave, by table through access node method by above-mentioned polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and layer of polyester fiber access node integral, then weaved by Rapier looms, obtained top layer warp count is 200 pieces/inch, weft count is 90 pieces/inch, nexine warp count is 200 pieces/inch, weft count is the two-layer fabric of 90 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained two-layer fabric being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.When this two-layer fabric is applied to bearing, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as top layer is rubbing surface, be that binding face is pasted on bearing surface as the layer of polyester fiber of nexine.
Embodiment 5
Table warp, table weft yarn all adopts fiber number to be 110dtex, the twist is 190t/m, monofilament radical is the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament of 15, back warp adopts the polyphenylene sulfide yams of 20S/2, back weft adopts the cotton yarn of 80S/2, setting top layer, nexine all adopts 2/2 twill-weave, the fibrage access node above-mentioned polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and polyphenylene sulfide yams and cotton formed by back warp access node method is integral, then weaved by Rapier looms, obtained top layer warp count is 90 pieces/inch, weft count is 150 pieces/inch, nexine warp count is 90 pieces/inch, weft count is the two-layer fabric of 150 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained two-layer fabric being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.The fibrage that when this two-layer fabric is applied to bearing, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as top layer is rubbing surface, formed as the polyphenylene sulfide yams of nexine and cotton is that binding face is pasted on bearing surface.
Embodiment 6
Table warp, table weft yarn all adopt the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament that fiber number is 1330dtex, the twist is 760t/m, monofilament radical is 180, back warp, back weft yarn all adopt the cotton yarn of 20S/6, setting top layer, nexine all adopt 3/1 twill-weave, by back warp access node method by above-mentioned polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and cotton fiber layer access node integral, then weaved by Rapier looms, obtained top layer warp count is 60 pieces/inch, weft count is 45 pieces/inch, the two-layer fabric that nexine warp count is 60 pieces/inch, weft count is 45 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained two-layer fabric being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.When this two-layer fabric is applied to bearing, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as top layer is rubbing surface, be that binding face is pasted on bearing surface as the cotton fiber layer of nexine.
Comparative example 1
Warp thread employing fiber number is 440dtex, monofilament radical is 60, the twist is the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament of 300t/m, and weft yarn adopts the polyamide full-drawn yarn that fiber number is 470dtex, monofilament radical is 72, tensile strength is 39.8N, elongation at break is 23.3%.Weaved by Rapier looms, obtained warp count is 62 pieces/inch, weft count is the 1/1 plain weave woven of 62 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained woven being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.When this woven is applied to bearing, the one side of woven is pasted on bearing surface as rubbing surface, another side as binding face.
Comparative example 2
Warp, weft yarn all adopt the polytetrafluoroethylfilament filament that fiber number is 440dtex, the twist is 190t/m, monofilament radical is 60.Weaved by Rapier looms, obtained warp count is 120 pieces/inch, weft count is the 3/1 twill woven of 90 pieces/inch.Conditioning is carried out under obtained woven being placed on temperature 20 ± 2 DEG C, humidity 65 ± 4% condition.Evaluate the characteristic of this fabric, and be shown in Table 1.When this woven is applied to bearing, the one side of woven is pasted on bearing surface as rubbing surface, another side as binding face.
Table 1

Claims (8)

1. the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, comprise top layer and nexine, it is characterized in that: this two-layer fabric is fibrage access node all-in-one-piece polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer and other fibers formed by binding place, the fiber number wherein forming the fiber of described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is 50 ~ 1400dtex, the twist is 0 ~ 800t/m, and other fibers are one or more in cotton, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide; The table organization of this two-layer fabric is twill, satin weave and alternative construction thereof, is innerly organized as twill, satin weave and alternative construction thereof; The access node method of this two-layer fabric is back warp access node method, shows through access node method, access node through access node method, binding pick access node method or associating access node method.
2. the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the fibrage that the fibrage that the structure of this two-layer fabric is formed as top layer, other fibers for polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is formed as nexine or other fibers as top layer, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer as nexine.
3. the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre according to claim 1, is characterized in that: containing 30 ~ 196 monofilament in described polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yarn.
4. the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in this two-layer fabric, the warp of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, the broadwise coefficient of sliding friction are below 0.10.
5. the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the fibrolaminar peel strength that in this two-layer fabric, other fibers are formed is greater than 0.5N/mm.
6. the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the warp-wise density of this two-layer fabric is 30 ~ 250 pieces/inch, and latitudinal density is 30 ~ 250 pieces/inch.
7. the two-layer fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the thickness of this two-layer fabric is 0.50 ~ 1.20mm.
8. the application of two-layer fabric in mechanical moving element containing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre according to claim 1.
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