CN1038439A - The evaluation and exploration technology scheme of ferrimontmorillonite clay - Google Patents
The evaluation and exploration technology scheme of ferrimontmorillonite clay Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the evaluation and exploration technology scheme of ferrimontmorillonite clay, it belongs to mine and chemical field.This soil does not belong to wilkinite, discovery at present seldom and is not made useful mineral products and is utilized, but its character is close with wilkinite and sepiolite group clay ore deposit, and some special performance is arranged, so it can be exploited out and be processed into mineral products, make drilling mud, lubricating grease, casting mold sandbinder, wall coating, fodder additives and make wilkinite and the usefulness such as surrogate in sepiolite group clay ore deposit.
Description
The invention belongs to non-metal mine and chemical technology field.
In April, 1988, the author found a kind of sallow and greyish-green colloidal clay as wilkinite in the Lezhou Peninsula, found out that through sampling and by the test of geological test research centre, Guangdong Province it contains ferrimontmorillonite and reaches about 80%.But the author has consulted a large amount of relevant clay pit data and has not seen report to this kind mineral as yet, does not more see or hears about precedent that it is developed as mineral products.The author assert that through preliminary study its some physics, chemistry and processing performance and bentonite ore are close; In addition, find that by simultaneous tests such as slaking, dispersiveness, shrinkabilitys it is very similar to attapulgite or sepiolite clay ore deposit again, so the prospect that is developed as similar wilkinite, attapulgite and sepiolite clay ore deposit is arranged.Ad hoc for this reason meter the technical program, product is exploited out and be processed into to the ferrimontmorillonite clay in the hope of interesting industrialist after to the enforcement of this scheme, as the surrogate of wilkinite, attapulgite and sepiolite and make other products and be used, become soil and be the ore deposit, develop the productivity, for society increases new resources and wealth.Though the ferrimontmorillonite clay property is similar to wilkinite, attapulgite and sepiolite clay ore deposit, and design again mainly as similar these three kinds of mineral products and developed, but it also is not these three kinds of ore deposits after all, but a kind of novel mineral, so now this programme is applied for a patent as invention.The present invention finishes as follows:
One, inquires into of the difference of ferrimontmorillonite clay with wilkinite, attapulgite and sepiolite clay ore deposit
1, with the difference of bentonite ore: montmorillonite is the aqueous aluminium silicate mineral of stratiform, and its main chemical composition is silicon-dioxide, aluminium sesquioxide and water, and magnesium oxide and iron oxide content are also higher sometimes.Its theoretical molecular formula is Si
8Al
4O
20(OH)
4Its unit cell system is made up of the octahedra institute of folder one deck silica in two layers of silicon-oxy tetrahedron.Structure cell is parallel repeatedly to be put.Al in the montmorillonite octahedron
3+(or) Si in the tetrahedron
4+Often partly (or whole) have been adsorbed these positively charged ions by other positively charged ion (as H, Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Fe, Ti, V, Mn etc.) displacement or its crystal layer bottom surface, so that form some montmorillonite chemistry mutation, be montmorillonite in the clay mineral-saponite class mineral, its member also has beidellite, nontronite, saponite, hectorite, sauconite, medmontite, volchonskonite, nickel montmorillonite etc. except that montmorillonite is arranged.Wherein montmorillonite can be further divided into Na-montmorillonite, Ca-montmorillonite, K-montmorillonite, Mg-montmorillonite and H-montmorillonite again.The high person of Na-smectite content is sodium bentonite in the clay, and the high person of Ca-montmorillonite is calcium bentonite or Fuller's earth, and the high person of Mg-montmorillonite is magnesia wilkinite, and the high person of H-montmorillonite is hydrogen (aluminium) matter wilkinite.In other words, contain the clay of the montmorillonite height of alkali, alkaline-earth metal or hydrogen, they are collectively referred to as the wilkinite mineral products.Wilkinite has cationic exchange; dispersed; swelling property; rheological; thermostability; plasticity-; fundamental propertys such as cohesiveness; so can make binding agent; thixotropic agent; softening agent; thickening material; lubricant; suspension agent; catalyzer; siccative; filtering medium; finings; discoloring agent; absorption agent; sorbent material; flocculation agent; washing composition; weighting agent; fodder additives; farm chemical carriers etc. are used in vegetable and animals oils refining industry; petroleum industry; paper industry; forestry and soil-water protection; foodstuffs industry; chemical industry; water purifies and sewage disposal; detergent industry; the drilling industry; the mining metallurgy industry; civilian civil engineering work; ceramic industry; agricultural; foundary industry; pharmaceutical industry; dyeing pigment and coatings industry; tar utilizes departments such as industry.So wilkinite is crucial nonmetal mineral resource, its price is also more expensive.For example, market, London in August, 1987,200 order sodium bentonite valencys, 130 pound/tons are equivalent to 39% of super-cell valency 330 pound/tons; And price change is that the former rises sharply since nineteen eighty-three to 1987 year, and the latter does not become.Yet, other mineral in montmorillonite-saponite class mineral, or because of stock number seldom, or do not do the wilkinite utilization because of character is different with wilkinite, or be in and utilize the approaches and methods exploratory stage, so do not developed so widely as yet, yet they are not listed among the wilkinite mineral products certainly by like wilkinite.As for ferrimontmorillonite, it also should be a mutation of montmorillonite-saponite class mineral, is because Fe
3+Replace Al in the octahedra lattice of montmorillonite in a large number with equivalents
3+The position or form for crystal layer bottom surface a large amount of absorption.The single mineral of montmorillonite contain Fe
2O
3Be 0.06%; By Fe
3+Replace less, Fe
2O
3Be lower than at 5% o'clock (being generally 1-2.5%), constitute bentonite ore; Replace morely, significantly change takes place in physical properties, promptly by quantitative change to qualitative change, the formation ferrimontmorillonite; Replace more, Fe
2O
3When 30% left and right sides, just form nontronite.Therefore, wilkinite is compared with ferrimontmorillonite, and identical person is same " family ", and different persons are two " families "; K, Na, Ca, Mg one montmorillonite surpass 50% clay, are now the wilkinite by people utilized; And the clay that is rich in ferrimontmorillonite is not also used by people and is used, and can only also make it be the ferrimontmorillonite clay, and is that all right, and it be useful Mineral resources, and is certain, yet it is not listed among the wilkinite mineral products at present.Generally speaking, be not various montmorillonites all can constitute present so-called wilkinite mineral products in the montmorillonite family mineral, but special regulation arranged, promptly only be wherein alkali, alkaline-earth metal or hydrogen montmorillonite.
2, with the difference in attapulgite and sepiolite clay ore deposit: attapulgite, sepiolite all belong to the sepiolite group clay mineral, are the aqueous aluminium magensium silicate minerals of chain, and the former chemical formula is Si
8O
20Mg
5(OH)
2(OH
2)
44H
2O, latter's chemical formula are Si
12O
30Mg
9(OH)
6(OH
2)
46H
2O.Both are the effect of montmorillonite through long-term surface water, add magnesium ion, become through the desiliconization post crystallization.Their operational characteristic and purposes and wilkinite are approaching, but attapulgite and sepiolite clay be more suitable for making the mud raw material in geothermal drilling and deep-sea oil drilling well, making the poison gas sorbent material aspect the war industry, make reodorant etc. in civilian industry.These two mineral are compared with montmorillonite, and are completely different on mineralogy, but purposes is approximate, as picture rhombohedral iron ore (Fe
2O
3) and magnetite (Fe
3O
4Though) be different minerals, it is the same all can to refine iron.Self-evident, attapulgite, sepiolite are compared with ferrimontmorillonite, two different matters especially, but purposes is also close probably.
Two, the resource perspective of research ferrimontmorillonite clay
The purpose of the resource perspective of research ferrimontmorillonite clay is tentatively to understand its scale and production technique condition, and whether stock number is sufficient if any the time spent to understand it.Existing division is as follows:
1, the formation of ferrimontmorillonite clay: by research, find out that tentatively the ferrimontmorillonite clay is the stratiform output, normal and basaltic layer symbiosis, it is to become ore deposit form superposition to form: one by following three kinds, basalt eruption penetrate the base volcano ash land in a large number in or carry in the piece of water by water and to deposit, form through hydration again; Its two, the ferrimontmorillonite that forms behind the basalt weathered is transported to piece of water deposition by water and forms; Three, the Black Warrior petrographic province face of land and the underground water that are rich in mineral substance such as soluble silicon, aluminium, iron, magnesium comes together in the piece of water, forms with colloid chemistry coprecipitation mode deposition under proper condition.It is moderate and tranquil that above-mentioned piece of water water depth is wanted, and PH is slight alkalinity at 7-8, and the tool reducing property belongs to sealing, semi-enclosed lake or coastal lagoon, and area is bigger.
2, resource perspective: according to preresearch estimates, surplus only certain, Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite clay resource prospective reserves has just reached 400 ten thousand tons, available quite over a long time.In addition, regional big area such as the Lezhou Peninsula and the Northern Hainan Island basalt that distributing, the formation of favourable ferrimontmorillonite clay so resource perspective is very considerable, is secure.
3, production technique condition: the ferrimontmorillonite clay is horizontal layer, thick 3-5 rice, its top board mostly is yellow sand layer, the sandy clay layer of about deeply 0.5-5 rice apart from the face of land, bury very shallow, because the tectum shale is many, bad hydraulic permeability, underground water is little, so the production technique condition is extremely simple, can have an opencast mining of.
Three, physics, chemistry and the processing performance of research ferrimontmorillonite clay
The purpose of physics, chemistry and the processing performance of research ferrimontmorillonite clay is now to be described below for arranging its use that foundation is provided:
1, the lithology of ferrimontmorillonite clay: grayish green, the sallow of moor soil color, local yellowish-brown, glue and mud shape structure, layered struture is made up of the gel clay, contains sand seldom, the irregular tiny crack that tool gel ageing dehydration forms, smooth or conchoidal fracture, quality is fine and smooth and softer, dry back hardening, frangible, cured shape gloss, sense of touch is smooth, proportion 2.19, hardness 1.5-2.Water-absorbent is poor, sticking hardly tongue, and dripping becomes droplet thereon, not diffusion towards periphery, only downward infiltration loses behind the several minutes; As if oil dripping is diffusion immediately then, and lipophilicity is also stronger than wetting ability.Powder is lark, and the sliding sense of tool is light brown after the roasting.With wet walk greyish-green behind the water, the obvious native foul smell flavor of tool, viscosity and plasticity-are all strong, can be twisted into diameter less than 1 millimeter elongated native bar, and it is few and be difficult for splitting the be full of cracks aplasia that the native cake of pinching dries post shrinkage.Clay or dry fragment or potter's clay film drop into not obvious expansion in the water, not disintegration for a long time, and the colloidal solution that stirs back one-tenth is beige, and saponiform viscosity of tool and soapy feeling are made a world of difference with wilkinite.
2, chemical ingredients: according to the Seventh Five-Year Plan six geologic prospecting partys of Guangdong Province geology and minerals bureau to this soil result of laboratory test (%): SiO
255.59, Al
2O
320.03, Fe
2O
37.68 FeO 0.325, TiO
21.75, MgO1.41, CaO 0.97, K
2O 0.44, Na
2O 0.02, P
2O
50.103, MnO
20.02, H
2O
+11.6, TR
2O
30.17(leaching grade is 0.003%), Sc
2O
30.0017.The main value average chemical constitution corresponding with the bentonite ore of domestic 12 provinces compared contrast ratio (%): SiO in the above-mentioned achievement
282.31, Al
2O
3129.39, Fe
2O
3391.84, TiO
2648.15, MgO50.72, CaO 49.74, K
2O 46.32, Na
2O 2.35; Compare contrast ratio (%): SiO with the bentonite ore average chemical constitution in external 18 mineral deposits
294.96, Al
2O
3140.36, Fe
2O
3267.60, TiO
2514.71 MgO 53.21, CaO 50.52, K
2O 38.94, Na
2O 0.58.Hence one can see that, and ferrimontmorillonite is compared with wilkinite, and maximum characteristics are rich titanium, iron, and poor sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, thereby just be reflected on its physics, chemistry and the processing performance also difference to some extent, and its distinctive character and purposes is arranged.
Whole nation ore reserve council volume " mineral products industrial requirements reference manual " (hereinafter to be referred as " handbook) to bentonitic industrial index (%): the SiO that requires
260-75, Al
2O
312-20, Fe
2O
3＜3.5, CaO+MgO＜6, K
2O+Na
2O＜3.Weigh according to this, this kind ferrimontmorillonite clay Ca, Mg, K, Na, Al oxide compound all meet the requirements; SiO
2Somewhat on the low side, but its chemical property utmost point torpescence can not influence quality; Fe
2O
3Higher a lot, it is very big to require the low user's face of iron level to ring to some, to the not influence of other use aspects, for example, though nontronite contains Fe
2O
3About 30%, use but still can replace sodium bentonite to make iron ball group binding agent.Therefore, this kind ferrimontmorillonite clay chemistry composition aspect is very close with wilkinite as a whole.
3, mineral composition: geological test research centre, Guangdong Province is to this soil test result: 1. on the diffraction curve figure of X-ray diffraction analysis, and 20=5.8 °, d(001)=15.362
The peak the strongest, be montmorillonite, content accounts for about 80%, other mineral have kaolinite, halloysite to account for altogether about 10%, illite, quartz, feldspar respectively account for about 3%.2. differential thermal analysis: the first heat absorption paddy for single paddy (calcium bentonite is multiple paddy), is the reaction of effusion interlayer planar water at 147 ℃ on the differential thermal curve figure; The second heat absorption paddy is caused by the effusion water of constitution, general calcium, sodium montmorillonite are between 600-700 ℃, but according to Nanjing University " differential thermal analysis of mineral ", the influence that this paddy is replaced the aluminium in the crystal structure octahedral layer with iron and magnesium shows clearly, along with iron level increases and the temperature of reduction endothermic effect, at 500-600 ℃, nontronite iron content about 30% heat absorption paddy are reduced to 400-600 ℃ as ferrimontmorillonite iron content 7-8% heat absorption paddy; Improving the temperature of endothermic effect along with the increase of Mg content, is 800-900 ℃ as the magniferous montmorillonite of richness (saponite).Ferrimontmorillonite iron content 8%, the second heat absorption paddy in Leizhou is at 564 ℃, and is consistent with above-mentioned situation.The 3rd heat absorption paddy is at 897 ℃, and crystalline structure thoroughly destroys; And then be the mineral recrystallization, form new mineral-spinel and quartz etc., and an exothermic peak occurs at 934 ℃.Fixed this clay of mainly contains ferrimontmorillonite in view of the above, and next contains a small amount of kaolinite.3. on the fixed photo of electron microscope , the main form of clay mineral is the crooked scale aggregate of particle diameter 1-5 μ, out-of-shape, edge vortex shape, middle uneven, shape such as black fungus sample, secondly be cotton-shaped or fine cloud form aggregate, be the fragmentary a small amount of cubes small-particle that distributes of particle diameter 1 μ once more, these forms reflect the electron microscopic looks of montmorillonite.According to above-mentioned integration test achievement, learn that this kind ferrimontmorillonite clay contains ferrimontmorillonite about 80%, kaolinite, halloysite about totally 10%, illite, quartz, feldspar each about 3%.According to " handbook, wilkinite are a kind of mineral of using more, depend primarily on content, dispersiveness and the genotype of montmorillonite, so the border content of the montmorillonite of regulation bentonite ore is 50%, minimum industrial average content is 60%.Standard is weighed according to this, this kind ferrimontmorillonite clay contains ferrimontmorillonite and reaches about 80, should be than fine, fully can with bentonite ore analogy mutually.
4, colloid index (colloidity): colloid index is 100 milliliters/15 grams (or %) after tested.So-called colloid index is meant with 15 gram samples makes the suspension vol that 100 milliliters of mud (/ 100 milliliters of concentration 15 grams, or 14%) leave standstill colloidal solution after 24 hours or sinking.Above-mentioned colloid index 100% means complete in colloidal solution, and supernatant liquor does not take place." handbook requires calcareous and calcium sodium bentonite colloid index 〉=50%, and in view of the above, this kind ferrimontmorillonite clay surpasses this index.Jiangsu attapulgite clay colloid index is 44-58%.
5, sucking amount and cation exchange property: sucking amount is with 100 gram wilkinite sample absorption methylene blue (C
4H
12N
3S)
+Cl
-The gram number represent, understand bentonitic cation exchange capacity with it, judge roughly content of bentonitic montmorillonite.Because methylene blue forms the univalent organic cation in the aqueous solution, can with wilkinite generation cation exchange reaction, form the organobentonite mixture; The Cl of while methylene blue
1-Ion is combined into muriate with the metallic cation that exchanges and is dissolved in the solution from wilkinite.It is 26.88 grams/100 grams that Guangdong Province tests in the geological test research centre this kind ferrimontmorillonite clay sucking amount, and " handbook requires sodium bentonite sucking amount 〉=18 grams/100 grams, in view of the above, thinks that this kind ferrimontmorillonite surpasses index request; Especially the organic cations switching performance is inevitable also good also can to judge simultaneously its positively charged ion, in addition may with sodium bentonite analogy mutually.Jiangsu attapulgite clay sucking amount is 11-23 gram/100 grams.
6, swelling property: dry wilkinite is thrown in the water and is absorbed big water gaging and volumetric expansion, and sodium matter swelling soil expansion character is best, and calcareous swelling soil swelling property is bad.Ferrimontmorillonite throws that volume does not obviously increase in the water, the swelling property minimum, after tested, the saturated back of 20 order sample powder suction volume increase only 56%; Turgidity (swelling capacity) is 1 gram/gram; Expanding doubly, (bulging force) number is 7.50 a milliliters/gram.By " handbook is to the atlapulgite requirement, expansion multiple 〉=8 milliliter/gram, and this kind ferrimontmorillonite clay does not reach index request; But aspect other purposes, expansion multiple is not required, as long as other indexs reach.Jiangsu attapulgite clay expansion multiple is 4-8 milliliter/gram.
The major cause that the ferrimontmorillonite swelling property is little, the author thinks, the one,, the Fe that nucleidic mass is big
3+Ion is replaced the little Ca of nucleidic mass in the interior alumina octahedral of structure cell (unit crystal layer) in a large number
2+, Al
3+Plasma, quality increases, and gravitation strengthens between structure cell, and lattice spacing reduces, and dissociates to add difficulty; The 2nd,, Fe
3+Ion is the crystal layer bottom surface absorption of structure cell in a large number, has stopped up the passage that the part water molecules enters.If in water medium suspension, add an amount of yellow soda ash, then Na
1+Ionic active, commutatively go out Fe
3+Ion improves the liberation degree of montmorillonite, and water is taken advantage of the crack and enter, and causes swelling property and dispersed increase.Therefore, swelling property changes with medium, should not be the principal element of quality-determining standard.
7, slaking: be exactly after clay steeps hydrostatic, link weakened, destruction, make volumetric expansion, cause and collapse the characteristic of loosing and disintegrating owing to suction makes grogs.Slaking can illustrate with disintegration required time, disintegration rate, disintegration amount and disintegration mode.Relations such as the granularity component of slaking and soil, mineral composition, structure greatly.For ease of the slaking of explanation ferrimontmorillonite, contrast with the dry fragment of several main clay pits at this:
Guangdong sand tail white kaolin: emit bubble after the entry immediately, it is fast to expand, and 1 minute is disintegratable powdering particulate, rocks to become milk-white coloured suspension.The clay entry is disintegration immediately not, through just disintegration in 20 minutes.
Jinyun county, Zhejiang province pink calcium bentonite: emit bubble after the entry immediately, it is fast to expand, and 5 minutes is disintegratable powdering particulate, rocks to become pink suspension.The clay entry is disintegration immediately not, and steeping 5 hours is disintegration.
Linan, Zhejiang greyish-green sodium bentonite: not bubbling after the entry, do not expand, its surface produces white films after 1 minute, is cleaved into chip after half an hour, white films thickens and becomes the oyster white jelly after 1 day, rock the white size liquid solution.
Xiang Tan, Hunan grey violet grey sepiolite clay: emit bubble after the entry, slowly expand along the bedding direction after 1 minute and split, but not disintegration beading rocks the back and becomes the grey violet grey suspension.The clay bubble had crackle in 5 hours slightly, but did not scatter.
Xuyi Jiangsu greyish-green attapulgite clay:emit bubble after the entry, expand a little after 5 minutes and disintegration becomes the chip at band angle, steep and can not rock suspension after softening in 1 day, chip holds its shape.The disintegration in 4 hours of clay bubble becomes fragment.
Leizhou greyish-green ferrimontmorillonite clay:little bubble that emits after the entry, the chip that is cleaved into band angle after 2 hours is also softening, and bubble rocks after January and does not also become suspension, and chip holds its shape.The also not disintegration in January of clay bubble.
In sum, the size of slaking is: calcium bentonite＞kaolin＞sepiolite＞sodium bentonite＞attapulgite＞ferrimontmorillonite.Therefore, ferrimontmorillonite is above-mentioned clay slaking reckling, has its unique processing performance, and this is very favourable to making granulated feed and coating.
8, shrinkability: the ferrimontmorillonite clay is added suitable quantity of water rub into wet walk, be twisted into 13.6 millimeters garden balls of mean diameter, the week of being exposed to the sun does the back mean diameter and is reduced to 11 millimeters, and shrinkability is bigger, and this makes some difference to ceramic base.
Line shrinkage=(13.6-11)/13.6=19%, body shrinkage=(4.1888 (6.8
3-5.5
3))/(4.1888 * 6.8
3)=47%
9, potter's clay film character: be applied on the glass-board surface clay gel solution is very thin, dry back forms the horizontal clay thin film of sheet mineral and is called the potter's clay film.Different types of clay has film of different nature.The character of film is related to it and is making the approach that utilizes of aspects such as coating.Now the character of the thin as a piece of paper film of respectively several clays being made is opposed such as following:
Sand tail kaolin film: oyster white, there is not segmentation crack, rough, matter is loose and soft, and one to touch be powdered to finger gently, and film can not peel.Fragment is put down the promptly heavy and disintegration of the water surface gently.
Jinyun calcium bentonite film: pink, rough, be full of cracks is grown, it is irregular to be the 1-5 millimeter, fracture interval can reach 0.8 millimeter, matter is loose and soft, one touch powder, film can not peel.Fragment is put down the promptly heavy and disintegration of the water surface gently.
Linan sodium bentonite film: oyster white, rough, be full of cracks is grown, and it is irregular to be the 1-5 millimeter, and the edge scrolls up, easily peels off, 0.5 millimeter of fracture interval, matter is harder than former three.Film can not peel.Fragment is put down the water surface gently and is sunk and disintegration several seconds.
Xiang Tan sepiolite film: canescence, earthy gloss, the be full of cracks aplasia, the no above-mentioned tiny scale phenomenon that is cleaved into only is cleaved into the fragment of about 4-5 square centimeter, and film can peel, little tool elasticity, matter is harder and crisp.Drip or oil diffusion immediately thereon.Fragment is put down the water surface gently and is sunk for 5 seconds, but not disintegration.
Xuyi attapulgite film: character is similar to Linan sodium bentonite film.Drip or oil diffusion immediately thereon.Fragment is put down the water surface gently and is sunk immediately, slightly disintegration.
Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite film: greyish-green, smooth surface, the be full of cracks development degree can become the gluey fragment about 10 square centimeters inferior to the sepiolite film, and matter is harder, and hand has been comforted sliding sense, and film can be taken off, and certain elasticity, the thinnest part shape that is translucent is arranged.It is floating that but the film fragment is put down gently in water surface longer-term (2 months), and recess does not have water to recessed because of the more expansion that absorbs water is big below it, also do not have moisteningly, proves that thus its water isolating is quite good, and this is the maximum characteristic of this soil.It is very fast softening that the film fragment drops into the bottom, but still the certain intensity of tool is rocked several minutes every day, yet keeps its shred original appearance, and does not become sol solution in 1 month.The film fragment is put down gently in pasta, and promptly sink several seconds.Dripping becomes droplet in face, and oil dripping is diffusion immediately then.Adding the film that alkali ferrimontmorillonite sol solution is made, there is not the phenomenon of splitting, sticking power is stronger, can not peel, and drips or oil spreads immediately in face, but adds the shaking water gelling solution.These character and above-mentioned other clays in different size, real is its characteristic, it is very favourable to making coating and aquatic granulated feed.
10, colloidal deposition form: ferrimontmorillonite is in aqueous dispersion, when concentration of hydraulic mixture hangs down (as 2.4%), in the settling process, colloidalmaterial is typical flocculated suspension liquid, this moment, sheet ferrimontmorillonite particle was scaffolding shape, the arrangement of rhombus guiding principle trellis, formed fluffy structure; Along with continuing to sink, this structure diminishes gradually, but does not become bonded deposit's structure simultaneously.(as more than 7.8%) flucculation structure was more tiny when concentration of hydraulic mixture was big, and naked eyes are difficult to perceive, and settling is fluffy structure still, can flow when rocking.In salt and alkali aqueous solution, naked eyes are difficult to see mineral and are as above arrangement, but settling is puffy, also belongs to flocculated suspension liquid.The concentration that stirs into 200 order ferrimontmorillonite powder is 7.8% suspension, because the crystal liberation degree is low, particle is big, so deposit very soon, only promptly deposits substantially, and be than compact structure in 2 hours.Therefore,, the flocculation deposition is just arranged, thixotropy is also just arranged as long as disperse fully.
11, viscosity and satiny property: the wet walk viscosity of ferrimontmorillonite clay by force with become thin mud after satiny property also strong.Contrast with several main clay pits, its viscosity and satiny property order from large to small are: ferrimontmorillonite-sodium montmorillonite-sepiolite-attapulgite-Ca-montmorillonite-kaolinite.The characteristic that ferrimontmorillonite clay viscosity and satiny property are big is very favourable to making binding agent and lubricant.
12, native foul smell flavor: through contrast, below several clay pits meet behind the water native foul smell flavor and to weak order be by strong: sepiolite-kaolin, wilkinite-attapulgite-ferrimontmorillonite.Earthy is low very favourable to the decolouring and the water tank reodorant of edible oil.
13, thixotropy: when referring to the sol solution stirring thinning (shear force reduction), leave standstill the characteristic of retrogradation (shear force rising).It is because of the formation of guiding principle grating texture in the thixotroping system, destruction and recovery institute cause, as long as promptly there is flocculation that thixotropy is just arranged.It is weighed with the size that forms or recover required time of this structure and final gel-strength.Ferrimontmorillonite aqueous colloidal solution concentration 2.4% leaves standstill and promptly saw rhombus guiding principle trellis flucculation structure in 30 minutes; Concentration 13%, put 1 day after, mobile step-down; The salty mud of concentration 22% and concentration 10 contain the mud of alkali 0.5%, and putting becomes immobilising butyrous gel after 1 day, but still are mud after firmly rocking.So the various mud of explanation ferrimontmorillonite all have thixotropic property preferably, this is very favourable to making drilling mud and coating.
14, thermostability: refer to that when the deep drilling well mud at high temperature can not cause serious shaft bottom agglomerative performance.The author is 13% Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite clay, Xuyi attapulgite clay suspension with concentration, be loaded on respectively in the test tube, put again in the thermos flask, take out after 1 day with 100 ℃ of left and right sides temperature maintenances, find that both are 100% by colloidity, only reduce about 13% because of the moisture evaporation volume; But the former is flocculation not, be flowable suspension still, and latter's gelling is immobilising gel.Therefore, ferrimontmorillonite clay gel body fluid at least in the time of 100 ℃ thermostability quite good, even strong than attapulgite also.This is most important concerning making deep-well mud.
15, anti-salt property: be exactly at sea during petroleum drilling, mud can not reduce viscosity and thixotropic performance under the effect of high salt concentration.The author is by following four kinds of clays dispersivity test in saturated brine, find that Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite clay dispersion performance is higher than sodium bentonite near a river, and a little less than Xuyi attapulgite and Xiang Tan sepiolite, judge that thus its anti-salt property is also so inevitable, should be able to meet offshore oil drilling well requirement.
16, dispersiveness: be exactly that clay mineral grain is dispersed in performance in the dispersion medium.Industrial or agricultural and aspect such as science and technology research etc. utilize wilkinite mainly be get its bonding, plastic, expansion, dispersion, suspension, thixotroping, lubricate, physics-chem characteristics such as catalysis, absorption, cationic exchange.Bentonitic dispersing property is the comprehensive embodiment of its multiple physico-chemical property, is the most basic performance in the various rerum naturas of wilkinite, is related to bentonitic approach and the value utilized.This sentences following dispersion medium has been made dispersing property to six kinds of major clay minerals observation simultaneous test (be 1 month observing time):
(1) dispersiveness in water:
1. the slurry of concentration 4.8%: sedimentation is latent decides required time and colloidity is: sand tail kaolin 30 minutes, 18%; Jinyun calcium bentonite 30 minutes, 11%; Linan sodium bentonite 2 hours, 13%; Xiang Tan sepiolite and Xuyi attapulgite 1 day, 79%; Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite 1 day, 58%, 8 day, 42%.
2. the slurry of concentration 7.8%: sedimentation is latent decides required time and colloidity is: Linan sodium bentonite 1 day, 13%; Xuyi attapulgite 1 day, 95%; Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite 1 day, 100%, 19 day, 74%; Ferrimontmorillonite 200 order powder in Leizhou added the suspension that water stirs into (other various suspension be become with the direct barreling of clay fragment) 1 day, and 37%.
3. the slurry of concentration 13%: latent the fixing time of Xuyi attapulgite and Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite suspension sedimentation is 1 day, colloidity 100%.Different persons the former leave standstill the back gelling and become and do not have mobile gel; The latter still is a colloidal solution.Compare therewith, the sand tail Kaolin clay suspension of concentration 23% leaves standstill 1 day colloidity ability 70%.
(2) dispersiveness in saturated brine
1. the slurry of concentration 13%: Linan sodium bentonite fragment soaks also not disintegrate in nearly 1 month in saturated brine and scatters, and is difficult to make suspension.Other slurry sedimentations are latent fixes time and colloidity is: Xiang Tan sepiolite and Xuyi attapulgite 1 day, and colloidity 100% is immobilising pasty state gel; The Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite, 1 day, 77%, colloidal solution can flow, but sees the flocculation phenomenon, the remarkable thixotropy of tool than slow and top.
2. the Leizhou ferrimontmorillonite suspension sedimentation of concentration 22% in the time of 1 day colloidity be 100%, be the pasty state gel.
(3) ferrimontmorillonite aqeous suspension in Leizhou adds the dispersiveness behind the alkali (yellow soda ash):
1. the aqeous suspension of concentration 5% adds alkali sedimentation colloidity in the time of 1 day: be 73% when adding alkali 0.25%, PH3; Be 90% when adding alkali 0.5%, PH10; Be 75% when adding alkali 1.5%, PH10.5; Be 63% when adding alkali 2%, PH11.In view of this, it is very few or too much all unfavorable to add alkali, and this sentences and adds alkali 0.5% for best.Because alkali is exchanger, the dispersion agent of remodeling, is again the soluble salts flocculation agent, add after a little while, PH＜8, it is incomplete to retrofit, and is dissociated into unit cell degree deficiency, bad dispersibility; Add for a long time, PH＞10, though remodeling is complete, unnecessary alkali forms ionogen, makes clay liquid flocking settling, reduces dispersed; Add alkali when suitable, about PH9, can retrofit and can avoid cohesion, so dispersiveness is the highest.
2. the aqeous suspension of concentration 10% adds alkali sedimentation colloidity in the time of 1 day: be 93% when adding alkali 0.25%, PH8; Be 100% when adding alkali 0.5%, PH9, become immobilising pasty state gel after the gelling; Being 100% when adding alkali 1.5%, PH10, also is gel, but rarer.This sentences and adds alkali 0.5% for best, also is that the best adds native rate and adds alkali content.12% suspension adds alkali 1%, PH9, the gel that forms through 1 day gelling on standing like as the butter of lubricated usefulness, soapy feeling is very strong, can be scattered in the machine oil, profit mixes.
In sum, ferrimontmorillonite clay concentration 7.8% aqeous suspension, 22% saturated brine suspension, add concentration 10% aqeous suspension of alkali 0.5%, colloidity all reaches 100%, and can become gel after latter's gelling, so this native good dispersion property.According to " bentonitic dispersing property is the comprehensive embodiment of its multiple physico-chemical property, is the most basic performance in its various rerum naturas, is related to bentonitic approach and the value utilized." this theory infers, other performances of this kind ferrimontmorillonite are inevitable also to meet the requirements, so needn't also can not test one by one at present.Therefore, the ferrimontmorillonite clay is compared with wilkinite, sepiolite or attapulgite clay ore deposit, and performance is close substantially, can be used as the novel metalloid mineral raw material fully and is developed.
Four, the processing technology of ferrimontmorillonite clay product
Be wet agglomerate after the ferrimontmorillonite clay is exploited out, can be processed into series product by following flow process:
1, the work flow of ferrimontmorillonite particle and powder-like product:
(1) former soil classification: it is different that clay contains the sand degree, and it is also inequality that recovery process is polluted by sand, for this reason need be by what of sand content, and clay is divided into contains two classes sand and that do not contain sand, and stack respectively.Dressing method can be the artificial hand selection, also can be digging respectively.Do not contain sand or contain the few clay block of sand, oven dry or dry and promptly constitute former soil block product through about 100 ℃.
(2) washing: will contain the more former soil block of sand and put slurry mixer and make mud.Concentration of hydraulic mixture can not be too big, in order to avoid influence the sedimentation of sand.Mud by a series of settling tanks, is promptly eliminated sand grains and obtains the smart mud of pasty state, through 100 ℃ of oven dry or dry the smart clod product of original soil.
(3) glue mill: ferrimontmorillonite is aggregate in the form of sheets, for improving dispersed and not making crystal meticulous, can make aggregate be torn separation with the smart mud of above-mentioned pasty state with rubber mill glue mill.Be sol solution behind the glue mill, sedimentation is very slow, can add an amount of wadding and make its precipitation like agent (as alum), also can select for use methods such as settling tank, conventional filtration, hydrocyclone, whizzer to remove moisture and obtain wet walk, through 100 ℃ of oven dry or dry and promptly get original soil glue and grind smart clod product.
(4) oven dry: above-mentioned three kinds of products are broken into respectively about 2 centimetres, further oven dry.
(5) abrasive dust: by ball (rod) grinding machine or other grinding attachments, these three kinds of products of exsiccant are worn into the granularity that needs respectively, are generally 200 orders (0.355 millimeter of mesh size), original soil, the smart mud of original soil and original soil glue grind three kinds of powder-like products of smart mud.
2, the work flow of sodium sections montmorillonite powder: precedingly address, the ferrimontmorillonite clay has than the macrocation switching performance, so its mud adds Na behind the yellow soda ash
+Some positively charged ion in the commutative ferrimontmorillonite of ion and change the sodium type into, thus its crystal dissociation degree and dispersiveness improved.Work flow is:
(1) remodeling: original soil or smart clod or glue are ground the soda powder that smart clod adds 2-2.5%, put in the stirrer, add suitable quantity of water and stir into walk, take out then and put two, three days, it is fully exchanged, promptly get this three kinds of sodium sections montmorillonite walks.
(2) oven dry: the back walk of will retrofiting is put drying shed respectively dries with 100 ℃ of temperature.
(3) abrasive dust: with above-mentioned machinery, respectively the original soil of the remodeling that will dry, smart mud, glue grind smart mud on demand granularity wear into powder, be generally 200 orders, the smart mud powder of sodium sections montmorillonite powder, sodium sections montmorillonite, sodium sections montmorillonite glue grind three kinds of products of smart mud powder.
3, the work flow of organic covering ferrimontmorillonite powder product: the organic cation that organic covering wilkinite is an organic compound has exchanged interchangeability positively charged ion in the montmorillonite, or make it combination by hydrogen bond behind the montmorillonite homopolarity reactive organic molecule after the acidifying, by being covered, organic layer forms.This organic covering particle is hydrophobic lipophilic, can be with various organic compound polymerizations, as usefulness such as manufacturing high temperature grease viscosifying agents.Before address, ferrimontmorillonite and sodium bentonite are close, and the performance of bigger organic molecule or cation-adsorption is arranged, and have good satiny property, so can be processed into organic covering ferrimontmorillonite powder product of making usefulness such as grease thickener.Now divide two series products:
(1) contain organic ferrimontmorillonite powder of organic molecule: work flow is:
1. make aaerosol solution: the mud in the available original soil washing process behind the precipitation sand, its concentration is advisable with 5-10%.
2. remodeling: the organobentonite that system contains organic molecule is strong and weak different according to the organic molecule polar earlier, uses the different acid of acidity height, changes Hydrogen soil into after making it by acidifying.Because it is multiple that product property, purposes and manufacture method have, inconvenience is herein proposed one by one, and the aminoacyl of only using with preparing high-temp lubricating grease
Wilkinite is that example adds explanation.Acyl
Polarity is not strong, can use the medium phosphoric acid H of acidity
3PO
4Come acidifying.The practice is, leads above-mentioned suspension to the acidification pool of being made by the acid and alkali-resistance material, and 14% the phosphoric acid that adds ferrimontmorillonite clay weight carries out acidifying, constantly stirs simultaneously to make acidifying rapidly and evenly.
3. cover: be exactly to make the montmorillonite absorb organic molecule form the method for complex body.Insulating covering agent has multiple, uses with different selection of purposes, selects acyl herein
For insulating covering agent gives explanation.The practice is, treat that above-mentioned suspension acidifying finishes after, will be dissolved with acyl in advance
The aqueous solution of insulating covering agent under agitation adds slowly in the acidifying soil and covers, the hydrophobic curdled milk of very fast formation, and water inclined to promptly to cover to finish.
4. dry powder process: will cover that the back curdled milk derives and with 100 ℃ of left and right sides temperature oven dry, again be machined to about 200 orders aminoacyl
Ferrimontmorillonite powder product.Also can adopt than modernization method, that is: utilize continous way normal pressure spray moisture eliminator (can be divided into centrifugal, machinery and pneumatic type spray dryer), with above-mentioned hydrophobic curdled milk atomisation, the quite high air of itself and temperature is contacted and rapid (generally being no more than for 30 seconds) drying, and powdered falls, and directly is packaged into organic covering ferrimontmorillonite powder product.
(2) contain organic cationic organic ferrimontmorillonite powder: work flow:
1. make suspension: the same.
2. retrofit: select one of yellow soda ash, water glass, sodium phosphate, sodium oxalate, tannic acid sodium etc. to make exchanger, carry out sodium modification and handle.
3. cover: the back peptization of will retrofiting is heated to 80 °-100 ℃, under agitation adds quaternary amine etc. slowly, makes it become oleophylic colloid (C by hydrophilic colloid
18H
37).
4. dry powder process: the same.
Five, the ferrimontmorillonite clay product utilizes technical scheme
Now according to ferrimontmorillonite clay particular performances and relevant bibliography,, draw up the following approach and the technical scheme utilized with class inference method when:
1, make high-quality mud fluid raw material: with the mud colloid index height that sodium sections montmorillonite is made, dispersiveness and thixotropy are good, and tool thermostability and salt resistance, so be suitable for doing the premium mud of offshore oil and gas and geothermal deep well probing.For example, it is 9 mud that concentration 10% adds alkali 0.5% PH, and colloidity reaches 100%, and mud yield is estimated about 10 cubic metres per ton, and thixotropy is good, can flow during stirring, leaves standstill then to become immobilising gel.Thixotropy is very important to drilling well, and is mobile big because it is thin that mud is stirred big part character in creeping into, and can reduce resistance, raises the efficiency; It is thick dense to be stirred little part character, and landwaste can suspend wherein and be taken out of outside the drilling well, but and the cementation borehole wall, make it the hole of not collapsing; Mud is gel when stopping boring, the wherein unlikely buried hole down of suspension of cuttings.Recommend according to 80 years one patents of the U.S.: concentration is the bentonite slurry of 5-7%, add calcium polyacrylate (CPA) 5%, can be made into the drilling mud of mud yield up to 400-670 bucket/ton (in 1 barrel=119 liters, suitable 47.6-79.7 cubic meter/ton), and its gel is good, and fluid loss is few.Analogy according to this, concentration are the ferrimontmorillonite clay mud of 5-7%, add calcium polyacrylate (CPA) 5%, can be made into the high mud of mud yield.
2, make the ferrimontmorillonite grease thickener: the ferrimontmorillonite clay has higher sucking amount, exchange organic molecule and cationic functional and can be it and cover, and the while, its satiny property was good, so be suitable for doing grease thickener.Now draw up the processing technology scheme of following 3 kinds of lubricating grease:
(1) aminoacyl
Ferrimontmorillonite lubricating grease: with concentration 5-10% mud in the smart mud process of aforementioned washing ferrimontmorillonite, import the Stainless Steel Kettle internal heating to 90-100 ℃, 14% the phosphoric acid that adds ferrimontmorillonite weight carries out acidifying, will be dissolved with acyl in advance after waiting to seethe with excitement
The lubricating oil of insulating covering agent under agitation adds slowly in the acidifying soil and covers, and the hydrophobic curdled milk of very fast formation continues to boil 10-20 minute with the water sucking-off, continue to be warming up to 120-130 ℃ fat.Before taking the dish out of the pot, add additive and add 0.6% acyl
Make lubricant.
(2) organic ferrimontmorillonite lubricating grease: the halo carbonate or the aqueous organosilicon of Heat stability is good when lubricating oil adopts high temperature (＞400).Organosilicon is except that having high thermostability, and the source is wide, is easy to obtain.Method for making is: the organic ferrimontmorillonite with 6% and the lubricating oil of some amount mix, and make to form good mashed prod.Mixture heating up to 40-45 ℃, is added dispersion agent and auxiliary dispersants less than 1%, again as propylene carbonate, glycerol, hexene ethylene glycol etc., to improve its dissemination.Stirred 1 hour, temperature remains between 40-45 ℃.At last mixture is cooled off.
(3) simple type ferrimontmorillonite lubricating grease: precedingly address, the characteristics of ferrimontmorillonite clay are that lipophilicity is also stronger than wetting ability, that is to say, soil can directly combine with oil, not necessarily gives earlier and does organic covering, therefore dreams up following three schemes: one, with dense mud in the smart mud process of aforementioned washing ferrimontmorillonite, import in the Stainless Steel Kettle about 90 ℃ of heating, under agitation adding yellow soda ash slowly, to make PH be 9, minute makes it to dissociate surplus being incubated 20 and disperse fully.Under agitation pour lubricating oil then slowly into, hydrophobic curdled milk then occurs, continued to boil 10-20 minute, with the water sucking-off, be warmed to again 120 ℃ fat.Its two, lubricating oil put is warmed to 90 ℃ in the pot, under agitation add 200 order sodium sections montmorillonitic clay powder slowly, make it into pasty state, continue to stir also and be incubated 1 hour, the cooling back fat.Its three, the following ferrimontmorillonite powder of 200 orders directly is admixed in the lubricating oil, through fully stirring into thick dense pasty state.Through tentative experiment, 200 orders soil powder and the very easy greyish-green lubricating grease that combines into of oil, its satiny property and viscosity are very strong, can pull into fine strip shape, and tool plasticity-, leave standstill indeformable mobilely, and character and butter are very close; But 200 order particles are thicker, and hand is rubbed a granular sensation, and as with more fine silt modulation, or again through the glue mill, its character must be finer and smoother.
3, make the weighting agent of rubber.According to Hunan geology and minerals bureau data, sepiolite group clay and silication alkane and silane group's mixture cooperates with activators such as three enamines or macrogols, and what can be used as rubber partly strengthens weighting agent.The effect that wilkinite is used for rubber latex is to make its thickening and stable, can also be in the paint of rubber-based and in the rubber adhesive as the stablizer of latex.In view of the above, prove the possibility that the ferrimontmorillonite clay is made the weighting agent of rubber: ferrimontmorillonite clay and wilkinite, sepiolite group clay character are close, and absorb organic molecule or cationic properties are stronger, viscosity is big, dispersiveness and thixotropy are good, so should be able to make the weighting agent of rubber.
4, make the binding agent of iron ore pellets and foundry sand: because of this soil viscosity and plasticity-strong.
5, baking ceramsite, zisha earthenware, ornamental brick, terra-cotta and common brick and tile: haydite geotechnique industry requires mineralogical composition based on illite, montmorillonite; Chemical ingredients (%) SiO
240-70, Al
2O
312-20, Fe
2O
35-9, CaO 0-5, MgO 0-3, K
2O+Na
2O 1-5, organic 1-2, so this soil meets this requirement, but better as mixing about 2% coal dust as the whipping agent effect, make haydite unit weight≤1g/cm
3It is few because of this soil contains sand to burn zisha earthenware, ornamental brick, terra-cotta and common brick watt-hour, and dried post shrinkage is yielding greatly, so must add an amount of fine sand or sand when closing mud.
6, make cement, mortar addition material: the wilkinite that adds 1-2% in Portland cement or grout can be promoted plasticity-, reduces the dephlegmation of aggregate, and improves watertightness.Ferrimontmorillonite clay viscosity and watertightness are all strong, so be more suitable for this usefulness.
7, make the ferrimontmorillonite coating for internal and external wall: ferrimontmorillonite has absorb organic molecule and cationic ability, and its film is smooth and harder, not disintegration of water logging, and glue dispersiveness and thixotropy are strong, are suitable for doing the coating for internal and external wall weighting agent.It is as follows now to draw up its production program: the beige pasty state or the block smart mud that obtain after the ferrimontmorillonite washing are inserted stirrer, add suitable quantity of water and stir into dense mud, and add 200 order gessoes (or dry hydrate) slowly, make color become oyster white or white; Add an amount of adhesive solution (as Vinyl Acetate Copolymer, polyacrylic ester, polyvinyl alcohol water solution); Add a small amount of surfactant (polyethylene glycol type or polyvalent alcohol type non-ionic surface activator), defoamer (as octanol, the acid of ester fat, tributyl phosphate, organosilicon wet goods), water glass, pigment and dispersion agent (yellow soda ash) etc. again, through fully stirring to emulsion state.Also can be with the above-mentioned smart mud that adds gesso, add the diluent of commodity emulsion paint again after adding pigmented tinting, or add polyvinyl alcohol water solution, water glass, be mixed into proper concn and fully stir and form.
8, mineral wool thermal baffle and watt plate: ferrimontmorillonite soil is met not disintegration of water, and the viscosity of its wet mud is strong, and it is harder to do back be full of cracks aplasia and matter, and certain resistance to compression tensile property is arranged.Its production program is: mix mutually with inferior quality ferrimontmorillonite clay, fine sand, the cement of suitable proportion and the grass, the bagasse that are cut into cutting back, add entry and stir into walk, be pressed in the mould of thick about 2-3 centimetre of tool definite shape with one deck wire netting or thin bamboo strips used for weaving net again, wait to dry in the shade the back fire-proof heat insulation board.Add the sand cement slurry as what when being pressed into, apply thick 2-3 millimeter in the surface, do the back watt plate.
9, make animal fodder additives and tackiness agent: according to Hunan geology and minerals bureau data, because adding in the feed, sepiolite group clay can form a kind of colloid, the flow through speed of animal intestinal of feed is slowed down, event can strengthen proteinic abundant digestion and be absorbed by animal body, this additive not only can be saved the consumption of feed, also can shorten the growth cycle of domestic animals and fowls.For example, the time of Changsha feed company by more than a year, successively 720 pigs are carried out feeding experiment, obtain good result, the growth cycle of pig shortens to 110-120 days by more than 120 days, and feedstuff-meat ratio reduces to 3.1～3.2: 1 by common 3.8～4.0: 1.According to another foreign data, the sepiolite group clay that adds 0.5-3%-7% in the feed can improve the effect of pig feed, promotes its growth.Add-on reaches at 10% o'clock, can improve the feed effect of chicken and rabbit, the rabbit 6-7% that can increase weight.According to Hunan geology and minerals bureau data, make the made feed ball (granulated feed) of binding agent with sepiolite group clay, its serviceability ratio can reach 95%, than tackiness agents such as wilkinite, lignosulfate is good, and can under low-temp low-pressure simple machine condition, process preparation, to prevent VITAMIN, protein and so on hydrolysis at high temperature, saved the energy simultaneously in process of production.According to another data, the wilkinite of use 1-5% can be as the granulating tackiness agent of animal-feed and the suspension agent of wet chaff type feed.In addition, because of wilkinite often adsorbs the essential trace element of a certain amount of animal, as cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, rubidium, phosphorus, rare earth etc., the digestion acid solution can make these element ions be freed in the animal stomach, and by intestinal absorption, thereby constitute one of mineral matter nutritional source of animal.Moreover wilkinite tool absorption property can be controlled the amount of ammonia in the animal stomach, prevents the intoxicating phenomenon that excess ammonia causes, also can reduce the corrupt foul smell of ight soil.According to above data, prove the possibility that the ferrimontmorillonite clay is made animal fodder additives and tackiness agent: ferrimontmorillonite clay performance and sepiolite group and wilkinite are close, and element such as iron content, phosphorus, manganese, rare earth is higher; No matter it is it is dried, still wet simultaneously, still be film, not disintegration still keeps original appearance though immersion for a long time is softening; Moreover after it met water, native foul smell flavor was low more than sepiolite group clay and wilkinite, can not hinder animal appetite, therefore, make the animal fodder additives and tackiness agent is more favourable with the ferrimontmorillonite clay, its effect certainly will be good, especially should be more suitable for doing aquatic granulated feed.
10, make the surrogate of wilkinite and sepiolite group clay.
Six, to the evaluation of the technical program
In sum, the author thinks the technical program according to abundance, and is novel, and creative and practicality if interesting industrialist can give is put into effect, the economic and social benefit that will obtain then, and will increase a kind of novel metalloid mineral products.But because various conditions of the author and ability are limit, studying and test also not enoughly, more do not give practice, can only be a kind of technological thought, technical scheme, is to talk about stratagems on paper.Therefore,, before development and use, must carry out geological mapping, and do some the experiment that utilizes the aspect, when all obtaining more satisfactory achievement, just can be taken the circumstances into consideration to implement by this programme to the concrete place of production of this clay (ore deposit point).More than appropriate not? would like to ask Patent Office and examine, thanks.
Claims (2)
1, the present invention is the invention to the development and use of ferrimontmorillonite clay, this kind clay does not belong to wilkinite, find at present seldom and also not to be used as useful mineral products, feature of the present invention is exactly close according to this soil nature matter and wilkinite, sepiolite group clay ore deposit, and some special performance is arranged, and design exploits out with it, be processed into ferrimontmorillonite powder product through flow processs such as washing, glue mill, precipitation, oven dry, abrasive dusts, make sodium sections montmorillonite powder product through original soil or smart mud or glue being ground smart mud remodeling with soda, oven dry, abrasive dust, through to smart mud acidization, acyl
Aminoacyl is made in covering, dry powder process
Organic covering ferrimontmorillonite powder product is made the organic covering ferrimontmorillonite of quaternary amine powder product through smart mud sodium, quaternary amine covering, dry powder process.
2, according to the described product of claim 1, it is characterized in that ferrimontmorillonite clay raw ore is mixed the coal dust baking ceramsite, mix fine sand or sand is fired zisha earthenware, ornamental brick, terra-cotta and common brick and tile, water mixing mud, bagasse, system fire-proof heat insulation board such as grass and watt plate, the ferrimontmorillonite powder is made cement additire, the coating for internal and external wall weighting agent, animal-feed adds binding agent, rubber filler, sodium sections montmorillonite powder is made the drilling mud raw material, iron ore pellet binder, casting type sand adhesvie, organic covering ferrimontmorillonite powder is made the lubricating ester viscosifying agent, and these products are made wilkinite, the surrogate of sepiolite group clay product.
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| CN1125125C (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 2003-10-22 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Polypropylene/montmorillonite laminated compound material and its preparing process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1125125C (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 2003-10-22 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Polypropylene/montmorillonite laminated compound material and its preparing process |
| CN100423808C (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-10-08 | 许盛英 | Production method of concave convex stick ceramic grain filter |
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