CN106903132B - A kind of method of cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium - Google Patents
A kind of method of cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903132B CN106903132B CN201710137656.1A CN201710137656A CN106903132B CN 106903132 B CN106903132 B CN 106903132B CN 201710137656 A CN201710137656 A CN 201710137656A CN 106903132 B CN106903132 B CN 106903132B
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- medicament
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PCXNIIXNAHCKDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zn].[Cu].[Ni].[Cd] Chemical compound [Zn].[Cu].[Ni].[Cd] PCXNIIXNAHCKDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910020489 SiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- PLZFHNWCKKPCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium copper Chemical compound [Cu].[Cd] PLZFHNWCKKPCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910003243 Na2SiO3·9H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052908 analcime Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001408 cation oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 chabasie Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052677 heulandite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009290 primary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052679 scolecite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052665 sodalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/10—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an adsorption step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/04—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/08—Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of heavy metal contaminants cationic in stable environment medium, and A medicament is added in the water body, soil or slag of the cationics heavy metals such as leaded cadmium copper zinc-nickel；In the hole or mineral structure that the stronger heavy metal cation of migration is transferred to A medicament in water body, soil or slag and after a period of stabilisation, then B medicament is added, the Na generated according to the metamorphic process of B medicament under field conditions (factors)2CO3The heavy metal cations such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel can be promoted to form the precipitating for being insoluble in water and be deposited in the surface or hole or mineral structure of A medicament；The adding procedure for repeating B medicament, until the A medicament separated from water body containing heavy metal or the leaching for being sufficiently mixed heavy metal in the soil and slag after stablizing with A medicament go out content and meet environmental quality standards or engine request.The present invention can stable multiple pollutant, expense be low simultaneously, effect is good, strong operability, do not cause secondary pollution, beautify the environment, and can be widely applied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental pollution recovery technique field, it is related to cationic heavy metal pollution in a kind of stable environment medium
A kind of method of object, specifically, being related to utilization silicon-based mineral material cation huge sum of money from sewing process stable environment medium
Belong to the method for pollutant.
Background technique
Since the exploitation and smelting of non-ferrous metal generate largely containing the slag of heavy metal, contained heavy metal is in earth's surface heap
It can peritropous soil and a large amount of heavy metal contaminants of water body release during product.Currently, soil and heavy metal pollution of water body
It is one of the great environmental problem that the whole world is faced.
The cationics heavy-metal contaminated soils such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel are administered at present or there are many method of water body, mainly there is biology
Recovery technique, peripheral doses technology and chemical remediation technology.Bioremediation technology mainly has phytoremediation technology and microorganism to repair
Recovering technology, the key of the technology surpass one or more single (compound) heavy metals with special absorption accumulation ability first is that finding
Enriching plant or microorganism, the key of the technology second is that how quickly to breed the super enriching plant or micro- with larger biomass
Biology.In view of super enriching plant or microbial species rareness with special absorption accumulation ability, and growing environment is special mostly
And biomass is smaller, therefore the repairing efficiency of the technology is very long and operability is not strong, it is difficult to rapidly and efficiently reduce heavy metal
Environmental hazard.The peripheral doses technology of cationic heavy metal-polluted water includes electrokinetic enrichment partition method, membrane separation process, stabilization
Agent additive process etc., but electrokinetic enrichment partition method and membrane separation process need unique apparatus and energy consumption is higher, and secondary in the presence of causing
The risk of pollution.The peripheral doses technology of cationic heavy-metal contaminated soil or slag includes electrokinetic enrichment partition method, soil moved in improve the original
Method, high-temperature heat treatment method, rotary kiln sintered method, stabilizer additive process etc..But electrokinetic enrichment partition method, high-temperature heat treatment method and return
Rotary kiln sintering process etc. needs unique apparatus and energy consumption is higher, and soil moved in improve the original rule needs clean soil backfill, and engineering cost is higher,
And there is still a need for further progress repairing and treatings for original contaminated soil.The chemical repair method packet of cationic heavy metal-polluted water
The technologies such as chemical precipitation, chemical extraction are included, there is preferable repairing effect, but then removal ability has for the pollutant of trace
Limit.The chemical remediation technology of cationic heavy-metal contaminated soil or slag is mainly chemical leaching method, chemical stabilizer addition
Method etc., these methods etc. need unique apparatus and chemical reagent, and engineering cost is higher, and it is complicated to operate operation, and exists and cause two
The risk of secondary pollution, or even the structure of soil can be destroyed and soil is made to lose plantation ability.And soil moved in improve the original rule needs clean soil
Earth backfill, and there is still a need for further progress repairing and treatings for former contaminated soil.
In comparison, stabilizer additive process is since the range of choice of stabilizer is wider, engineering cost is lower, operation operation letter
It is single, the advantages that secondary pollution is not present, in the case where having is suitable for stabilizer, then have efficient contaminated soil or water body or
Slag heavy metal stablizes repair ability.Currently for need stabilized heavy metal medium (soil, slag etc.) be often by its with
Carbonate material lime and clay mix, then direct landfill disposal.But by being handled in this way containing heavy metallic mixture
Still there is certain unstability, heavy metal still has certain leaching ability in carbonate system.But how further to drop
The leaching releasability of heavy metal in the stabilizer containing heavy metal after low reparation is still that promote the technology to be widely applied general
And key.
Zeolite is a kind of natural alumino-silicate ore, is found in earliest 1756.The general chemistry generalization of zeolite is learned
Formula is CmDpO2pnH2O, structural formula are A (x/q) [(AlO2)x(SiO2)y]n(H2O), in which: C Ca, Na, K, Ba, Sr etc.
Cation, D are Al and Si, and p is cationic compound valence, and m is cationic number, and n is moisture subnumber, and x is Al atomicity, and y is Si former
Subnumber, (y/x) usually between 1~5, (x+y) is tetrahedral number in unit cell.The zeolite that nature has found has 80
A variety of, more typical has analcime, chabasie, scolecite, heulandite, sodalite, modenite, foresite etc., they are total to
With feature be exactly with cavity rack-like structure, i.e., in their crystal, cation oxide aluminosilicate skeleton molecule according to
Certain rule connects together, and centre forms many cavitys, these cavitys impart zeolite pore structure abundant, and zeolite becomes can
To sieve the porous material of substance on a molecular scale, thus zeolite is also one kind of molecular sieve.Zeolite can pass through C cation
Ion exchange occurs with heavy metal cations such as cadmium copper zinc-nickels, and promotes it real to the absorption of the heavy metal cations such as cadmium copper zinc-nickel
Its existing stabilization.
Bentonite is the natural non-metallic mineral products using montmorillonite as main mineral constituent, bentonite have strong hygroscopicity and
Dilatancy and adsorptivity.Smectite structure is pressed from both sides the 2:1 type crystal knot that one layer of alumina octahedral forms by two oxygen-octahedrons
Structure, there are certain cations, such as Ca, Mg, Na, K for the layer structure formed due to montmorillonite structure cell, and these cations and illiteracy
The effect of de- stone structure cell is very unstable, is easily partially or completely exchanged by other cations, therefore also has preferable ion exchangeable.
Water-soluble silicon substrate mineral material, sodium metasilicate, chemical formula Na2SiO3·9H2O is a kind of water-soluble silicate, and
A kind of mineral binder, has that cohesive force is strong, intensity is higher, and resistance to acid and alkali is good with heat-resist feature.
Zeolite, bentonite and sodium metasilicate are subjected to ratio combination, using mineral from sewing process stable environment medium middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach
The method of ion heavy metal contaminants not yet met relevant report.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of heavy metal contaminants cationic in stable environment medium, it is intended to more
Mend long-term effect existing for the dystopy stabilization technology in the administering method of existing heavy metal-polluted water or soil or slag not
Well, even there is a problem of the danger for causing secondary pollution.This method reaches heavy metal cation in reduction surrounding medium and drenches out
Purpose, can stable multiple pollutant, expense are low simultaneously, effect is good, strong operability, do not cause secondary pollution, beautify the environment,
It can be widely applied.
Itself the specific technical proposal is:
A kind of method of cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium, comprising the following steps:
S101, A medicament is added in the water body, soil or slag of the cationics heavy metals such as leaded cadmium copper zinc-nickel, utilizes A
The pore structure of medicament prosperity and absorption and ion-exchange capacity, so that the stronger huge sum of money of migration in water body, soil or slag
Belong to cation to be transferred in the hole or mineral structure of A medicament；
S102, when in water body, soil or slag the stronger heavy metal cation of migration be transferred to the hole or mine of A medicament
In object structure and after a period of stabilisation, then B medicament is added, generated according to the metamorphic process of B medicament under field conditions (factors)
Na2CO3Surface or the hole for promoting the heavy metal cations such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel to form the precipitating for being insoluble in water and being deposited on A medicament
Or in mineral structure, go bad the H generated2SiO3Package suture further can be carried out to A medicament, so that heavy metal cation is wrapped
It wraps up in and is sewn in the mineral structure of A medicament；
S103, repeat B medicament adding procedure, until the A medicament separated from water body containing heavy metal or with A medicament it is abundant
The leaching of heavy metal goes out content and meets environmental quality standards or engine request in soil and slag after mixed stability.
The surrounding medium refers to that water body or soil or slag, the heavy metal contaminants refer to containing sun such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickels
The Single Pollution or combined pollution form of ionic heavy metal.
A certain amount of A medicament is added in the water body or soil or slag containing heavy metal cation, after a period of stabilisation,
It adds B medicament, by mineral material from suturing, reaches and reduce heavy metal ion in surrounding medium and drench process out；
The A medicament of addition is the zeolite and bentonitic mixing of zeolite and bentonite mass ratio between 1:5~1:1
Object, the B medicament of addition are water-soluble silicon-based mineral material sodium metasilicate.
Further, for cation heavy metal water body, the A dosing of addition with the 50 of heavy metal quality~
100 times are advisable；Environment temperature maintains within the scope of 15~35 DEG C, pH be higher than 4.0, after being sufficiently stirred no less than 4 hours, stand or
It is centrifuged or is separated by filtration solid residue, obtains the A medicament mineral grain contacted with heavy metal cation.
Further, it for cation heavy metal soil and slag, needs in advance to dig out soil and be broken into powder (grain
Diameter is less than 60 mesh, and moisture content is lower than 20%), and the A dosing then added is advisable with the 1%~5% of soil quality, A medicament
Middle zeolite and bentonitic mass ratio are between 1:5~1:1, and after mixing well, spray water makes mixture moisture content exist
Between 20%~30%, then in the range of 15~35 DEG C of environment temperature one week is stood, obtains the A contacted with heavy metal cation
Medicament mineral grain and heavy-metal contaminated soil mixture.
Further, it obtains after A chemicals treatment or the solid mixture of culture, adds a certain proportion of water solubility B
Medicament mineral material, can be directly added into or spray according to condition, then be sufficiently mixed again uniformly.
Further, for cation heavy metal water body, the B dosing of addition is with the 0.1~2 of A pharmacy quality
It is advisable again；For cation heavy metal soil and slag, the B dosing of addition is with 5~10 times of A dosing
Preferably；After being then sufficiently mixed, so that the stack layer thickness of solid is no more than 50cm, stand one in the range of 15~35 DEG C of environment temperature
Week.The primary effect of turning daily during carrying out of having ready conditions is more preferable.
Further, after according to the composition of water body containing heavy metal, soil and slag and existence form and to stabilization processes
The specific requirement that heavy metal drenches output capacity is different, repeats and is added B medicament 1~3 time, until content out is drenched in the water extraction of heavy metal
Meet environmental quality standards or drench and requires out.
Further, the surrounding medium refers to that water body or soil or slag, the heavy metal contaminants refer to containing lead cadmium copper
The Single Pollution or combined pollution form of the cationics heavy metal such as zinc-nickel.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, mineral material of the present invention is cheap zeolite, bentonite and the silicon that market is easy that purchase obtains
Sour sodium.The material is natural minerals, is easy to get, to reduce the reparation that the repairing and treating of Heavy-metal Polluted Environment provides convenience
Material.
2, the silicon-based mineral material sodium metasilicate of use of the present invention, is a kind of water-soluble silicate, is that a kind of mineral are glutinous
Mixture, has that cohesive force is strong, intensity is higher, and resistance to acid and alkali is good with heat-resist feature.In sequence by A medicament and B medicament
It is used cooperatively, the characteristics of using B medicament metamorphic process, may make that heavy metal cation is secured in the process of B medicament from suture
Package is sewn in the mineral structure of A medicament.
3, the present invention has better heavy metal stablizing effect compared to traditional technology, and the present invention has and can go simultaneously
Except multiple pollutant, expense is low, effect is good, strong operability, do not cause secondary pollution, conserve water and soil, beautify the environment the advantages that,
It can be widely applied.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of stable environment medium cationic heavy metal contaminants method, comprising the following steps:
S101, A medicament is added in the water body, soil or slag of the cationics heavy metals such as leaded cadmium copper zinc-nickel, utilizes A
The pore structure of medicament prosperity and absorption and ion-exchange capacity, so that the stronger huge sum of money of migration in water body, soil or slag
Belong to cation to be transferred in the hole or mineral structure of A medicament；
S102, when in water body, soil or slag the stronger heavy metal cation of migration be transferred to the hole or mine of A medicament
In object structure and after a period of stabilisation, then B medicament is added, generated according to the metamorphic process of B medicament under field conditions (factors)
Na2CO3The surface or hole that the heavy metal cations such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel can be promoted to form the precipitating for being insoluble in water and be deposited on A medicament
In gap or mineral structure, go bad the H generated2SiO3Package suture further can be carried out to A medicament, so that heavy metal cation quilt
Package is sewn in the mineral structure of A medicament；
S103, repeat B medicament adding procedure, until the A medicament separated from water body containing heavy metal or with A medicament it is abundant
The leaching of heavy metal goes out content and meets environmental quality standards or engine request in soil and slag after mixed stability.
The surrounding medium refers to that water body or soil or slag, the heavy metal contaminants refer to containing sun such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickels
The Single Pollution or combined pollution form of ionic heavy metal.
Embodiment
It drenches in waste water out test in the agricultural land soil of Fengxian County, Shaanxi, China heavy metal pollution, slag area and slag and grind
Study carefully, copper in the contaminated area soil, cadmium, lead, zinc and nickel average content be respectively 83.2mg/kg, 4.3mg/kg, 168.1mg/
Kg, 2441.7mg/kg and 34.8mg/kg, copper in the contaminated area slag, cadmium, lead, zinc and nickel average content be respectively
207.5mg/kg, 24.1mg/kg, 336.0mg/kg, 4731.2mg/kg and 39.4mg/kg, the contaminated area slag drench in waste water out
Copper, cadmium, lead, zinc and nickel average content be respectively 0.34mg/L, 0.41mg/L, 0.60mg/L, 3.0mg/L and 0.15mg/L,
pH 2.8.Before treatment, slag is first drenched wastewater pH out to adjust between 4.0~9.0, soil and slag are directly broken into partial size
Less than the powder that 60 mesh, moisture content are lower than 20%.
Then, it is drenched in waste water out in 1 liter of slag, adds 0.22~0.45g of A medicament, after being sufficiently stirred no less than 4 hours,
It is separated by filtration solid residue, obtains the A medicament mineral grain contacted with heavy metal cation.Then the B medicine of addition 0.2~0.9
Agent stands one week in the range of 15~35 DEG C after being then sufficiently mixed.Passed through respectively containing heavy metallic mixture after stitching processing " Gu
Body waste Leaching leaching method hac buffer method " (HJ/T300-2007), " solid waste Leaching leaching method
Sulfonitric method " " HJ/T299-2007 " and " solid waste Leaching leaching method horizontal vibration method " " HJ557-2009 " into
The test of row heavy metal leaching, copper in leachates, cadmium, lead, zinc and nickel content be below " hazardous waste judging standard Leaching
Identify " limit value of (GB 5085.3-2007), some are even lower than Thermo Scientific CAP6000 type plasma hair
Penetrate the detection limit of spectrometer.
In the soil and slag that 1000g is directly broken into powder, 1~5g of A medicament is added, after stirring, sprinkling
Water makes mixture moisture content between 20%~30%, is then sufficiently mixed again, and stands one in the range of 15~35 DEG C
Week.Then the B medicament of 5~50g is added, then is sufficiently mixed, and stand one week in the range of 15~35 DEG C.After stitching processing
Passed through respectively containing heavy metallic mixture " solid waste Leaching leaching method hac buffer method " (HJ/T300-2007),
" solid waste Leaching leaching method sulfonitric method " " HJ/T299-2007 " and " solid waste Leaching leaching method
Horizontal vibration method " " HJ557-2009 " carry out the test of heavy metal leaching, copper in leachates, cadmium, lead, zinc and nickel content be below
The limit value of " hazardous waste judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB 5085.3-2007), some are even lower than Thermo
The detection of Scientific CAP6000 type plasma emission spectrometer limits.
Further to treated, substance is scanned Electronic Speculum and energy spectrum analysis, as a result, it has been found that treated contain heavy metal
In mineral solids particle, the formation of the heavy metal cations such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel is insoluble in the precipitating of water and is deposited on the surface of A medicament
Or in hole or mineral structure, and the H of the rotten generation of B medicament under field conditions (factors)2SiO3Further A medicament can be wrapped
Suture is wrapped up in, so that heavy metal cation is wrapped up and being sewn in the mineral structure of A medicament.
Should experiments have shown that, A medicament and B medicament are used cooperatively, to the weight such as lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel easy to migrate in surrounding medium
Metal cation has good stabilization, can be into using water-soluble silicon substrate B medicament mineral metamorphic process from suture feature
One step promotes the stabilization of cationic heavy metal contaminants in surrounding medium, can be used for the heavy metals such as repairing and treating lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel sun
The water body of ion Single Pollution and combined pollution, soil and slag.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any ripe
Know those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium, which is characterized in that
S101, A medicament is added in the water body, soil or slag of leaded cadmium copper zinc-nickel cationic heavy metal, is sent out using A medicament
The pore structure and absorption and ion-exchange capacity reached so that in water body, soil or slag the stronger heavy metal sun of migration from
Son is transferred in the hole or mineral structure of A medicament；
S102, when in water body, soil or slag the stronger heavy metal cation of migration be transferred to the hole or mineral knot of A medicament
In structure and after a period of stabilisation, then B medicament is added, the Na generated according to the metamorphic process of B medicament under field conditions (factors)2CO3
Lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel heavy metal cation can be promoted to form the precipitating for being insoluble in water and be deposited on surface or hole or the mineral of A medicament
In structure, go bad the H generated2SiO3Package suture further can be carried out to A medicament, so that heavy metal cation is sutured by package
In the mineral structure of A medicament；
S103, the adding procedure for repeating B medicament, are sufficiently mixed until the A medicament separated from water body containing heavy metal or with A medicament
The leaching of heavy metal goes out content and meets environmental quality standards or engine request in soil and slag after stabilization；
The surrounding medium refers to that water body or soil or slag, the heavy metal contaminants refer to containing lead cadmium copper zinc-nickel cationic
The Single Pollution or combined pollution form of heavy metal；
A certain amount of A medicament is added in the water body or soil or slag containing heavy metal cation, after a period of stabilisation, then plus
Enter B medicament, by mineral material from suturing, reaches and reduce heavy metal ion in surrounding medium and drench process out；
The A medicament of addition is the zeolite and bentonitic mixture of zeolite and bentonite mass ratio between 1:5~1:1, is added
The B medicament added is water-soluble silicon-based mineral material sodium metasilicate.
2. the method for cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that right
For cation heavy metal water body, the A dosing of addition is attached most importance to 50~100 times of metal quality；Environment temperature maintains
Within the scope of 15~35 DEG C, pH is higher than 4.0, and time >=4 hour are sufficiently stirred, and stands or be centrifuged or be separated by filtration solid residue,
Obtain the A medicament mineral grain contacted with heavy metal cation.
3. the method for cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that right
For cation heavy metal soil and slag, need that soil is dug out in advance and is broken into powder, broken partial size is less than 60
Mesh, moisture content are lower than 20%, and the A dosing then added is zeolite and bentonite in 1%~5%, the A medicament of soil quality
Mass ratio between 1:5~1:1, after mixing well, spray water makes mixture moisture content between 20%~30%,
Stand one week in the range of 15~35 DEG C of environment temperature again, obtain the A medicament mineral grain that is contacted with heavy metal cation and
Heavy-metal contaminated soil mixture.
4. the method for cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that right
For cation heavy metal water body, the B dosing of addition is 0.1~2 times of A pharmacy quality；For cation weight
For metal soil and slag, the B dosing of addition is 5~10 times of A dosing；After being then sufficiently mixed, make solid
Stack layer thickness be no more than 50cm, stand one week in the range of 15~35 DEG C of environment temperature；It has ready conditions and is turned over daily during carrying out
Heap is primary.
5. the method for cationic heavy metal contaminants in stable environment medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The number that the adding procedure of B medicament is repeated in rapid S103 is 1~3 time.
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