CN103840520B - Equalization failure detection circuit and method for active equalized BMS - Google Patents
Equalization failure detection circuit and method for active equalized BMS Download PDFInfo
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- CN103840520B CN103840520B CN201410064159.XA CN201410064159A CN103840520B CN 103840520 B CN103840520 B CN 103840520B CN 201410064159 A CN201410064159 A CN 201410064159A CN 103840520 B CN103840520 B CN 103840520B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an equalization failure detection circuit and method for an active equalized BMS and belongs to the field of battery equalization technologies. According to the equalization failure detection circuit and method for the active equalized BMS, sampling resistors are in tandem connection with an equalization circuit, and equalization failure detection is achieved by judging the voltage drop of the sampling resistors. The equalization failure detection circuit and method for the active equalized BMS can be used for charging equalization failure detection and discharging equalization failure detection and can also be used for measuring an equalizing current, and the equalization state of the BMS can be mastered in real time through equalization failure detection and equalizing current measurement. The equalization failure detection circuit is simple in structure, complete in function, easy to realize and capable of improving reliability and safety of the active equalized BMS.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of active equalization BMS equilibrium failure detection circuits and method, belong to cell balancing field.
Background technology
The discordance that lithium battery is present in use has badly influenced the performance of lithium battery group charge-discharge performance,
Based on current various BMS balancing solutions, the active equalization BMS with DC/DC changers as representative quickly grows,
Solve the balanced aspect of battery electric quantity and serve good improvement result.Active equalization BMS based on DC/DC changers is by big
The switch of amount carries out equalization channel switching, the active equalization as disclosed in the patent document of Application No. 201110452061.8
BMS, the reliability of switch are most important with the reliability of DC/DC changers, if switch or DC/DC inverter functionalities fail
The function of active equalization will fail, and cause balance policy to perform entanglement.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of active equalization BMS equilibrium failure detection circuits and method, to realize actively
The balanced failure detection of weighing apparatus BMS.
The present invention provides a kind of active equalization BMS equilibriums failure detection circuit, the detection to solve above-mentioned technical problem
Circuit includes MCU, two A/D conversion chips and two sampling resistors being serially connected in balanced loop, the two of two sampling resistors
End is connected with MCU by each self-corresponding A/D conversion chips respectively, and MCU is by the sampled voltage pressure reduction to sampling resistor two ends
Judgement carry out balanced failure detection.
Described balanced loop includes DC/DC changers and switch arrays, DC/DC changers the first direct current terminals and electricity
Total positive and negative terminal of pond group is connected, and the second direct current terminals of DC/DC changers are by switch arrays and each monomer electricity in set of cells
The both positive and negative polarity in pond is connected.
A described sampling resistor is serially connected with the total anode of set of cells and total negative terminal and is connect with the first direct current of DC/DC changers
In the loop of line end composition, another sampling resistor be serially connected with switch arrays and DC/DC changers the second direct current group of terminals into
Loop in.
Digital signal isolating chip is additionally provided between described A/D conversion chips and MCU.
Present invention also offers a kind of active equalization BMS equilibrium abatement detecting method, the detection method is comprised the following steps：
1）Set of cells is connected with each cell in set of cells by Switching Power Supply, is made each in set of cells and set of cells
Between cell constitute can free switching passage equalizing circuit；
2）Two sampling resistors are serially connected in equalizing circuit, equal is opened to each cell in set of cells successively
Weighing apparatus；
3）The balanced voltage for opening two sampling resistor two ends of the tandem connection in equalizing circuit is gathered respectively, and is calculated
The pressure reduction at sampling resistor two ends before and after equilibrium；
4）Judge that the pressure reduction at sampling resistor two ends, whether less than setting value, if less than setting value, illustrates balanced failure.
The step 2）It is to realize that each cell is opened in a balanced way by switch arrays.
The step 4）In two sampling resistor two ends voltage difference be Δ V1 and Δ V2 ， Dang ∣ Δ V1 ∣ ＜ M1 Huo ∣ Δ V2 ∣
＜ M2 then equalization function failure ， Dang ∣ Δs V1 ∣ >=M1 Qie ∣ Δs V2 ∣ >=M2 then equalization function is normal, wherein M1 and M2 is given ginseng
Examine magnitude of voltage.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:The present invention is by sealing in sampling resistor in balanced loop, electric by judgement sampling
Balanced failure detection is realized in the pressure drop of resistance, and the present invention can either be used for charge balancing failure detection, can be used in equalization discharge again
Failure detection, may be simultaneously used for measuring euqalizing current size, be slapped by balanced failure detection and euqalizing current measurement in real time
Hold BMS equilibrium states, present configuration is simple, and perfect in shape and function is facilitated implementation, it is possible to increase the reliability of active equalization BMS and
Safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of active equalization BMS equilibriums failure detection circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of balanced failure detection circuit connected mode one in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of balanced failure detection circuit connected mode two in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of balanced failure detection circuit connected mode three in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of balanced failure detection circuit connected mode four in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
A kind of embodiment of the active equalization BMS equilibriums failure detection circuit of the present invention
As shown in figure 1, the active equalization BMS equilibrium failure detection circuits of the present invention include balanced loop and are serially connected in equilibrium
Sampling resistor in loop, wherein balanced loop includes DC/DC changers and switch arrays, the first direct current of DC/DC changers
Terminals（V1+, V1-）It is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of set of cells respectively, the second direct current terminals of DC/DC changers（V2+, V2-）
It is connected on the both positive and negative polarity on each cell of set of cells by switch matrix, the sampling electricity being serially connected in balanced loop
Resistance has two, and a sampling resistor Rs2 is serially connected with the first direct current terminals of set of cells both positive and negative polarity and DC/DC changers（V1+,
V1-）In the loop of connection, another sampling resistor Rs1 is serially connected with the second direct current terminals of DC/DC changers（V2+, V2-）
In the loop being connected with certain cell, also include two ADC transducer ADC1 and ADC2 in the detection circuit of the present invention, respectively
Be connected with Rs1 and Rs2, be respectively used to for the pressure drop of two sampling resistors Rs1 and Rs2 to be converted to digital quantity, transducer ADC1 and
ADC2 is connected to the input of MCU respectively by corresponding digital signal isolating chip, MUC by the judgement to sampled voltage,
Carry out balanced failure detection.Sampling resistor Rs1 and Rs2 can be serially connected in the optional position in the balanced loop that is each located, with reference to adopting
Sample resistance position in the loop and euqalizing current direction, can have four kinds of circuit structures, the course of work of concrete detection circuit
It is as follows：
The first implementation, Rs1 are connected with the cell connection end positive pole V2+ of DC/DC changers, Rs2 and DC/DC
The set of cells connection end negative pole V1- connections of changer, Rs1, Sw1, ADC1, optically isolated chip 1 and MCU composition sense channel 1,
Rs2, SW2, ADC2, optically isolated chip 2 and MCU composition sense channel 2.Here the set of cells that we select includes 12 monomer electricity
Pond, set of cells to cell cell11 is balanced open before and after, sense channel 1 and sense channel 2 gather respectively resistance Rs1 with
Rs2 both end voltages, MCU judge equilibrium state according to pressure reduction, and before and after balanced unlatching, the pressure reduction at any one sampling resistor two ends is little
When setting value, balanced failure is illustrated, circuit theory diagrams and current direction in this case are as shown in Figure 2；Work as cell
When cell11 is to battery pack balancing, detection mechanism is identical, and circuit theory diagrams and current direction in this case are as shown in Figure 3.
Second implementation, Rs2 are connected with the cell connection end negative pole V2- of DC/DC changers, Rs1 and DC/DC
The set of cells connection end positive pole V1+ connections of changer.Rs1, SW1, ADC1, optically isolated chip 1 and MCU composition sense channel 1,
Rs2, SW2, ADC2, optically isolated chip 2 and MCU composition sense channel 2.Set of cells is to before the balanced unlatchings of cell cell11
Afterwards, sense channel 1 and sense channel 2 gather resistance Rs1 and Rs2 both end voltage respectively, and MCU judges equilibrium state according to voltage,
It is balanced open before and after the pressure reduction at any one sampling resistor two ends when being less than setting value, illustrate it is balanced fail, electricity in this case
Road schematic diagram and current direction are as shown in Figure 4；When cell cell11 is to battery pack balancing, detection mechanism is identical, the feelings
Circuit theory diagrams and current direction under condition are as shown in Figure 5.
A kind of embodiment of the active equalization BMS equilibriums abatement detecting method of the present invention
The present invention is failed by the pressure drop realization for judging sampling resistor is balanced by sealing in sampling resistor in balanced loop
Detection, specific detection process comprise the steps：
1. set of cells is passed through into Switching Power Supply and switch arrays are connected with each cell in set of cells, set of cells is made with electricity
Between each cell in the group of pond constitute can free switching passage balanced loop.As shown in figure 1, balanced loop includes DC/
DC changers and switch arrays, the first direct current terminals of DC/DC changers（V1+, V1-）Both positive and negative polarity phase with set of cells respectively
Even, the second direct current terminals of DC/DC changers（V2+, V2-）Each monomer electricity of set of cells is connected to by switch arrays
On both positive and negative polarity on pond.
2. balanced is opened to each cell in set of cells successively by switching switch arrays, be serially connected in balanced loop
In sampling resistor have two, a sampling resistor Rs2 is serially connected with set of cells both positive and negative polarity and is connect with the first direct current of DC/DC changers
Line end（V1+, V1-）In the loop of connection, another sampling resistor Rs1 is serially connected with the second direct current terminals of DC/DC changers
（V2+, V2-）In the loop being connected with certain cell, sampling resistor Rs1 two ends before and after equilibrium is opened are gathered and calculate respectively
Voltage difference delta V1 and voltage difference delta V2 at sampling resistor Rs2 two ends.
3. the balanced ， Dang ∣ Δ V1 ∣ ＜ M1 Huo ∣ Δ V2 ∣ ＜ M2 then equalization functions that whether fail are judged according to the absolute value of pressure reduction
Then equalization function is normal for failure ， Dang ∣ Δs V1 ∣ >=M1 Qie ∣ Δs V2 ∣ >=M2, euqalizing current I=Δ V1 ∕ Rs1, wherein M1 and M2 be to
Determine reference voltage level.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of active equalization BMS equilibrium failure detection circuit, it is characterised in that the detection circuit includes that MCU, two A/D turn
Chip and two sampling resistors being serially connected in balanced loop are changed, the two ends of two sampling resistors pass through each self-corresponding A/ respectively
D conversion chips are connected with MCU, and MCU carries out balanced failure detection by the judgement of the sampled voltage pressure reduction to sampling resistor two ends,
One of sampling resistor is serially connected in the balanced loop of set of cells, and another sampling resistor is serially connected in any monomer in set of cells
In the balanced loop of battery, when the pressure reduction at any one sampling resistor two ends is less than setting value before and after balanced unlatching, equilibrium is illustrated
Failure；The circuit can either be used for charge balancing failure detection, can be used in equalization discharge failure detection again.
2. active equalization BMS according to claim 1 equilibrium failure detection circuit, it is characterised in that described equilibrium is returned
Road includes DC/DC changers and switch arrays, and DC/DC changers the first direct current terminals are connected with total positive and negative terminal of set of cells,
Second direct current terminals of DC/DC changers are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of each cell in set of cells by switch arrays.
3. active equalization BMS according to claim 2 equilibrium failure detection circuit, it is characterised in that described one adopts
Sample resistance be serially connected with the first direct current group of terminals of the total anode of set of cells and total negative terminal and DC/DC changers into loop in, separately
One sampling resistor be serially connected with switch arrays and DC/DC changers the second direct current group of terminals into loop in.
4. active equalization BMS according to claim 2 equilibrium failure detection circuit, it is characterised in that described A/D conversions
Digital signal isolating chip is additionally provided between chip and MCU.
5. a kind of active equalization BMS equilibrium abatement detecting method, it is characterised in that the detection method is comprised the following steps：
1) set of cells is connected with each cell in set of cells by Switching Power Supply, makes set of cells and each monomer in set of cells
Between battery constitute can free switching passage equalizing circuit；
2) two sampling resistors are serially connected in equalizing circuit, one of sampling resistor is serially connected in the balanced loop of set of cells
In, another sampling resistor is serially connected in the balanced loop of any cell in set of cells, successively to each in set of cells
Cell is opened balanced；
3) the balanced voltage for opening two sampling resistor two ends of the tandem connection in equalizing circuit is gathered respectively, and calculate equilibrium
The pressure reduction at sampling resistor two ends in front and back；
4) whether the pressure reduction at sampling resistor two ends is judged less than setting value, if any one sampling resistor two before and after balanced unlatching
The pressure reduction at end is less than setting value, illustrates balanced failure.
6. active equalization BMS according to claim 5 equilibrium abatement detecting method, it is characterised in that the step 2) be
Realize that each cell is opened in a balanced way by switch arrays.
7. active equalization BMS according to claim 5 equilibrium abatement detecting method, it is characterised in that the step 4) in
The voltage difference at two sampling resistor two ends is Δ V1 and Δ V2 ， Dang ∣ Δ V1 ∣ ＜ M1 Huo ∣ Δ V2 ∣ ＜ M2 then equalization function failures,
Dang ∣ Δs V1 ∣ >=M1 Qie ∣ Δs V2 ∣ >=M2, then equalization function is normal, and wherein M1 and M2 is given reference voltage level.
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| DE102016216775A1 (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-03-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for checking a balancing circuit |
| CN106450529B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of battery balanced control circuit and detection method |
| CN108226791B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-10-27 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Passive equalization circuit detection device and method, battery pack and battery management system |
| CN109557468A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | BMS passively balanced abatement detecting method, device and equalizing circuit |
| CN111002870B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-11-01 | 中山华野新能源有限公司 | Active balance control method of new energy vehicle BMS system |
| CN110879350A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-13 | 杭州协能科技股份有限公司 | Detection method of battery equalization circuit and battery management system |
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| JPH07147731A (en) * | 1993-11-25 | 1995-06-06 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Battery charger |
| JP4995643B2 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2012-08-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | Method and apparatus for detecting internal short circuit in non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| KR101076786B1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2011-10-25 | 한국과학기술원 | Charge Equalization Apparatus for Series-Connected Battery String and Charge Equalization Method Thereof |
| CN101895135B (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2013-01-02 | 李小平 | Balanced management system for series connected battery pack based on auxiliary battery and management method thereof |
| FR2963709B1 (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2014-12-26 | E4V | BALANCING METHOD FOR ELECTRIC BATTERY AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING SUCH A METHOD |
| CN102231550B (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2014-11-19 | 张化锴 | Active charge/discharge balancing system of power battery and implementation method thereof |
| CN102593909A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-18 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Reliability detecting system for battery balancing circuit |
| CN203734346U (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-07-23 | 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 | Active equalization BMS equalization failure detection circuit |
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Effective date of registration: 20211229 Address after: No.1 Jiangdong Avenue, Jintan District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Zhongchuangxin Aviation Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.66, Binhe North Road, high tech Development Zone, Luoyang City, Henan Province Patentee before: CHINA AVIATION LITHIUM BATTERY Co.,Ltd. |
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