CN103840186A - Novel microbial fuel cell generation device - Google Patents

Novel microbial fuel cell generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103840186A
CN103840186A CN201410106702.8A CN201410106702A CN103840186A CN 103840186 A CN103840186 A CN 103840186A CN 201410106702 A CN201410106702 A CN 201410106702A CN 103840186 A CN103840186 A CN 103840186A
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chamber
fuel cell
anode
cathode
hole
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CN201410106702.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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关小宁
田兴军
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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Priority to CN201410106702.8A priority Critical patent/CN103840186A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/16Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0271Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a novel microbial fuel cell generation device. The novel microbial fuel cell generation device comprises a cylindrical anode chamber, a first silica gel cushion, a second silica gel cushion, a cathode chamber, a fastening device, an anode, a cathode, a proton exchange membrane, a water outlet, a water injection opening, a bacterium injection opening, an air inlet, a filter and a rubber plug, wherein the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by the proton exchange membrane; each of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is in a sealed structure; the anode is located in the anode chamber; the cathode is located in the cathode chamber. The technical characteristics are as follows: shells of the cathode and anode chambers are made of transparent organic glass; the cathode and the anode are made of carbon cloth or carbon paper; the water injection opening, a water through opening and an electrode opening are arranged above the cathode chamber and the anode chamber; the water outlet is located below the electrode chamber. The microbial fuel cell device provided by the invention has the characteristics of large reaction space, no right angle and convenience and completeness in washing; waste liquid is pressed out by filtered sterile air and then reaction liquid is injected through the water injection opening; a water outlet system and a water inlet system are separately operated and infectious microbes are prevented from being invaded. According to the novel microbial fuel cell generation device, the liquid leakage problem is completely solved by adopting a silica gel gasket.

Description

A kind of novel microbial fuel cell generating means
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microbiological fuel cell, be specifically related to a kind of microbiological fuel cell generating means.
background knowledge
Microbiological fuel cell (microbial fuel cell, be called for short MFC) be a kind of new method that produces electric energy, by being enriched in the electrogenesis microbe of anode surface, under anaerobic condition, metabolism organic substance produces electronics and proton, then electronics is delivered to anode, and arriving the final electron acceptor of cathodic reduction by external circuit, proton arrives negative electrode by a layer proton exchange membrane.Utilizing bacterium generating is a major progress of bioenergy, can self-replacation due to bacterium, and therefore the catalyst of oxidation of organic compounds can be provided by self, and the tolerance limit of bacterium self can react within the scope of various temperature.Microbiological fuel cell has advantages of reaction condition gentleness, raw material sources extensively and can carry out at normal temperatures.
In the century in the past, fossil fuel is supporting industry and expanding economy, but fossil fuel is difficult to maintain the economy of All Around The World.Estimate that oil will be exhausted 100 years futures or more for a long time, therefore exploring new forms of energy and restructuring the use of energy becomes the most important thing that solves energy problem.
Microbiological fuel cell utilizes bacterium to produce biological power by biomass, this technology can be for the sustainable use of water resources, biological hydrogen production, waste water treatment, dispersed energy etc., in application aspect widely, anode is inserted in marine sediment, negative electrode is placed in the superficial water on deposit, and bacterium can be decomposed the organic substance electrogenesis in deposit.Although be applied to economic development as a kind of regenerative resource, not enough, this is enough to support off-lying sea and the running of river mouth place generating equipment to its electrogenesis amount, and therefore MFC technology has bright future, and it will become electrogenesis system of new generation.
Typical microbiological fuel cell is formed by connecting by an anode chamber and an anode chamber.Can be divided into single chamber type and double chamber type according to the difference of the structure of cathode chamber, according to whether existing exchange membrane to be divided into again between two chambers to have model and without membranous type.The MFC now adopting mainly contains five kinds, is respectively up flow type MFC, two chamber H type MFC, flat MFC, Dual-drum microbiological fuel cell, tandem type MFC, and wherein two chamber H type MFC adopt at most in research at present.In two-chamber microbiological fuel cell, passed to anode electrode being delivered to cathode electrode through external circuit by the electronics of Microbiological release, react whole closing of circuit with the proton of coming from pellicle and electron acceptor there.Cathode reaction depends on the kind of electron acceptor and the activity of catalyst, oxygen in environment is the maximum electron acceptor of application, next is exactly the potassium ferricyanide, is modal catalyst as the catalyst platinum of oxygen reduction, but sometimes also directly utilizes microbe as cathod catalyst.Although have higher interior resistance, H type microbiological fuel cell, because it is easy to build and operation, is often used to study the various basic parameters that affect battery performance,
Existing double-chamber microbiological fuel cell shell has easy cleaning not, changes liquid inconvenience, the easy shortcoming of microbiological contamination, the invention solves these problems.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of microbiological fuel cell generating means, solved not easy cleaning, changed liquid inconvenience, easy-to-leak liquid, the too small shortcoming of reaction compartment.
The present invention includes and comprise anode chamber, cathode chamber, proton exchange membrane, be the first silicagel pad of annular and be the second silicagel pad, the fastener of annular; Anode chamber comprises the first liquid injection hole, the first electrode hole, the first injecting hole, is provided with the first side plate of the first liquid outlet, anode chamber is the cylinder of horizontal, one end connects the first side plate, and the first silicagel pad of annular is fixed in anode chamber along anode chamber's opening; Cathode chamber comprises the second liquid injection hole, the second electrode hole, the second injecting hole, is provided with the second side plate of the second liquid outlet, and cathode chamber is the cylinder of horizontal, and connects the second side plate, and the second silicagel pad of annular is fixed on cathode chamber along cathode chamber opening; Proton exchange membrane is embedded between the first silicagel pad and the second silicagel pad; Fastener jointed anode chamber and cathode chamber, become one.
Described the first liquid injection hole, the first electrode hole, the first injecting hole are being inverted above columniform anode, and the second liquid injection hole, the second electrode hole, the second injecting hole are being inverted above columniform negative electrode.
Described the first liquid injection hole, the first electrode hole, the first injecting hole, the second liquid injection hole, the second electrode hole, the second injecting hole are in straight line.
Described the first liquid injection hole, the first electrode hole, the first injecting hole diameter are between 1 centimetre to 1.05 centimetres; The diameter of described the second liquid injection hole, the second electrode hole, the second injecting hole is between 1 centimetre to 1.05 centimetres.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, clean facility: columniform anode chamber is different from the generator of square in prior art and cuboid with cathode chamber, realize zero right angle, the present invention finishes using need to clean time, first unloads fastener, anode chamber, cathode chamber and proton exchange membrane is realized and separate.Now anode chamber and cathode chamber are all the cylinder of an end opening, and zero right angle is beneficial to cleaning so very much, and sterilization is more thorough.
2, feed liquor system and liquid outlet system are separate, change liquid more convenient.In existing technology, the liquid inlet/outlet of anolyte and catholyte and electrode socket are same, removal waste fluid and to change liquid all inconvenient, and easily microbiological contamination.The present invention is provided with the first liquid injection hole, the first electrode hole, the first injecting hole, the second liquid injection hole, the second electrode hole, the second injecting hole, and the bottom at the first side plate and the second side plate is provided with liquid outlet, realize removal waste fluid and feed liquor system is separate, under the inlet pressure of the first injecting hole and the second injecting hole, waste liquid is discharged smoothly by liquid outlet, convenient and swift, reduce the risk of bacteria infection.Realize feed liquor by the first liquid injection hole and the second liquid injection hole again, more need not employ electrode and just can realize and change liquid, greatly improved the convenience of changing liquid, and in battery operation process, package unit is all the time in air-tight state, seal is splendid.
3, seal is splendid, and sound construction effectively prevents leakage.In the prior art, the general joint filling material adopting is all rubber blanket, and rubber blanket can be As time goes on aging rapid, and hardening cannot reach effectively airtight effect.In the present invention, adopt senior silicagel pad, elasticity is splendid, and extremely firm, passes through fastener, anode and negative electrode are by the first silicagel pad and the second silicagel pad closure, due to elasticity and the density of silicagel pad, effectively realize the sealing of anode and negative electrode, avoid microbe fuel between anode and the first silicagel pad, or between the first silicagel pad and the second silicagel pad, and reveal between the second silicagel pad and cathode chamber.
4, package unit is with low cost reuses.The present invention adopts polymethyl methacrylate, and polymethyl methacrylate acid-fast alkali-proof is high, and reasonable price, and microbiological fuel cell generating means of the present invention is with low cost, can reuse.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is front elevation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 1 is vertical view of the present invention.
In figure, have: anode chamber 1, cathode chamber 2, proton exchange membrane 3, be the first silicagel pad 4 of annular and be the second silicagel pad 11, fastener 9 and 10, the first liquid injection hole 101, the first electrode hole 102, the first injecting hole 103, the first liquid outlet 105, the first side plate 104, the first silicagel pad 4, the second liquid injection hole 201, the second electrode hole 202, the second injecting hole 203, the second liquid outlet 205, the second side plate 204, second silicagel pad 11 of annular.
specific implementation method
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of microbiological fuel cell generating means of the present invention, comprises anode chamber 1, cathode chamber 2, proton exchange membrane 3, the first silicagel pad 4 and the second silicagel pad 11.The first silicagel pad 4 and the second silica gel 11 pad and are all annular.Anode chamber comprises the first liquid injection hole 101, the first electrode hole 102, the first air vent hole 103, the first side plate 104, the first liquid outlet 105.The first liquid outlet 105 is outside in the first side plate 104 lower openings.Anode chamber 1 is inverted hollow circular cylinder, and the annular opening that the first silicagel pad 4 is fixed on anode chamber 1 along the opening of anode chamber 1 is along wall.Cathode chamber 2 also comprises the second liquid injection hole 201, the second electrode hole 202, the second air vent hole 203, the second side plate 204, the second liquid outlet 205.The second liquid outlet is outside in the lower openings of the second sidewall.Cathode chamber 2 is inverted hollow circular cylinder, and the annular opening that the second silicagel pad 11 is fixed on cathode chamber 2 along the opening of cathode chamber 2 is along wall.Proton exchange membrane is embedded in asking of the first silicagel pad 4 and the second silicagel pad 11.Fastener jointed anode chamber 1 and cathode chamber 2, fit the first silicagel pad 4 and the second silicagel pad 11.Space between anode chamber and cathode chamber is only across a layer proton exchange membrane 3.
While assembling this microbiological fuel cell generating means, first by anode chamber 1, cathode chamber 2 and proton exchange membrane 3 use distilled water flushings are clean, and be immersed in respectively in 3% hydrogen peroxide half an hour to one hours and carry out disinfection, then by anode chamber 1, cathode chamber 2 and proton exchange membrane 3, put into aseptic operating platform with autoclaved electrode material carbon cloth, open ultraviolet-sterilization and continue 30 minutes, close ultraviolet juxtaposition assembled after 20 minutes in aseptic operating platform: electrode is coupled together fixing by electrode hole and wire, then proton exchange membrane 3 is clipped between the first silicagel pad 4 and the second silicagel pad 11, then with the fixing top of fastener 9, with the fixing bottom of fastener 10, tighten the screws.After having assembled, continue to inject anodic dissolution by the first liquid injection hole 101 in aseptic operating platform and do not have anode electrode to anode chamber, inject cathode solution by the second liquid injection hole 201 and do not have cathode electrode to cathode chamber.And by the first liquid injection hole 101 use disposable syringes, Shiva formula electrogenesis bacterium is injected in anolyte.
Further, described anode chamber 1 and cathode chamber 2 are symmetrical along proton exchange membrane 3, and this battery case symmetrical configuration is convenient to control and observe the capacity of microbe fuel.Described anode chamber 2 and cathode chamber 2 are the cylinder of horizontal.
Further, described microbiological fuel cell generating means, the first liquid injection hole 101 leads to anode 1, the second liquid injection hole 201 leads to negative electrode 2, after injecting microbe fuel by the first liquid injection hole 101 anodes 1, clog the first liquid injection hole 101 with test tube plug, avoid microbe fuel to reveal from anode chamber 1.Equally, inject after microbe fuel to negative electrode by the second liquid injection hole 201, clog the second liquid injection hole 201 with test tube plug, avoid microbe fuel to reveal from cathode chamber 2.
Further, the diameter of described the first liquid injection hole 101, the first electrode hole 102, the first injecting hole 103, the second liquid injection hole 201, the second electrode hole 202, the second injecting hole 203 is between 1 centimetre to 1.05 centimetres, effectively improve the efficiency of adding microbe fuel, and avoid the danger of the excessive microbiological contamination of opening.
Further, fastener of the present invention is screw and the fan-shaped nut of long 15 centimetres, is undertaken fasteningly carrying out fasteningly from top by fastening point 5 and fastening point 7, and top is divided into parallel a pair of device, carry out fasteningly from bottom by fastening point 6 and fastening point 8, bottom is divided into parallel a pair of device.Respectively from upper left, upper right, lower-left, bottom right be fixed connection, and anode chamber 1 and cathode chamber 2 are linked together closely, more increases device seal.

Claims (9)

1. a microbiological fuel cell generating means, comprises anode chamber (1), cathode chamber (2), proton exchange membrane (3), is first silicagel pad (4) of annular and is the second silicagel pad (11), the fastener of annular; Anode chamber (1) comprises the first liquid injection hole (101), the first electrode hole (102), the first injecting hole (103), is provided with first side plate (104) of the first liquid outlet (105), anode chamber (1) is the cylinder of horizontal, one end connects the first side plate (104), and first silicagel pad (4) of annular is fixed in anode chamber (1) along anode chamber (1) opening; Cathode chamber (2) also comprises the second liquid injection hole (201), the second electrode hole (202), the second injecting hole (203), is provided with second side plate (204) of the second liquid outlet (205), cathode chamber (1) is also the cylinder of horizontal, and connecting the second side plate (104), second silicagel pad (11) of annular is fixed on cathode chamber (2) along cathode chamber (2) opening; Proton exchange membrane (3) is embedded between the first silicagel pad (4) and the second silicagel pad (11); Fastener jointed anode chamber (1) and cathode chamber (2), become one.
2. according to microbiological fuel cell generating means claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described anode chamber (1) and cathode chamber (2) are symmetrical along proton exchange membrane (3).
3. according to microbiological fuel cell generating means claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described anode chamber (1) is the cylinder vertical with the second side plate (204) with the first side plate (204) with cathode chamber (2).
4. according to microbiological fuel cell generating means claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first liquid injection hole (101), the first electrode hole (102), the first injecting hole (103) horizontally-arranged are being inverted the top of cylindrical anode cell (1); Described the second liquid injection hole (101), the second electrode hole (102), the second injecting hole (103) horizontally-arranged are being inverted the top of cylindrical cathode chamber (2).
5. according to microbiological fuel cell generating means claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described the first liquid injection hole (101), the first electrode hole (102), the first injecting hole (103), the second liquid injection hole (101), the second electrode hole (102), the second injecting hole (103) is between 1 centimetre to 1.05 centimetres.
6. according to microbiological fuel cell generating means claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first liquid outlet (105) is in the first side plate (104) bottom; The second liquid outlet (205) is in the second side plate (204) bottom.
7. according to microbiological fuel cell generating means claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described the first liquid outlet (105), the diameter of the second liquid outlet (205) are between 1 centimetre to 1.05 centimetres.
8. according to microbial fuel cell unit claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fastener is screw and the fan-shaped nut of 15 centimeter length, and this screw is fixed on the outside of anode chamber (1) and cathode chamber (2).
9. according to microbial fuel cell unit claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, fastener is undertaken fastening by the fastening point (5) on the first side plate (104), fastening point (6) and the fastening point (7), the fastening point (8) that are positioned on the second side plate (204).
CN201410106702.8A 2014-03-21 2014-03-21 Novel microbial fuel cell generation device Pending CN103840186A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104681844A (en) * 2015-02-15 2015-06-03 中国海洋大学 Microbial fuel cell for in-situ remediation of nitrate pollution of underground water
CN107860807A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-03-30 重庆晓微城企业孵化器有限公司 A kind of biobattery sensor assembly
CN110048146A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-23 南通大学 A kind of negative-pressure adsorption-type microbiological fuel cell

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101237063A (en) * 2007-12-19 2008-08-06 华南理工大学 Self-medium coupled microbe fuel battery for single room micro filtering
CN101719555A (en) * 2009-11-24 2010-06-02 哈尔滨工业大学 Double-chamber alga microbial fuel cell and method thereof for treating waste water and realizing zero carbon emission
CN101916873A (en) * 2010-08-18 2010-12-15 天津理工大学 Cylindrical microbiological fuel cell
CN201789031U (en) * 2010-08-20 2011-04-06 天津理工大学 Cylindrical microorganism fuel cell
CN203119031U (en) * 2013-01-10 2013-08-07 浙江大学 Double-chamber differential strength aeration nitrifying microbial fuel cell

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101237063A (en) * 2007-12-19 2008-08-06 华南理工大学 Self-medium coupled microbe fuel battery for single room micro filtering
CN101719555A (en) * 2009-11-24 2010-06-02 哈尔滨工业大学 Double-chamber alga microbial fuel cell and method thereof for treating waste water and realizing zero carbon emission
CN101916873A (en) * 2010-08-18 2010-12-15 天津理工大学 Cylindrical microbiological fuel cell
CN201789031U (en) * 2010-08-20 2011-04-06 天津理工大学 Cylindrical microorganism fuel cell
CN203119031U (en) * 2013-01-10 2013-08-07 浙江大学 Double-chamber differential strength aeration nitrifying microbial fuel cell

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104681844A (en) * 2015-02-15 2015-06-03 中国海洋大学 Microbial fuel cell for in-situ remediation of nitrate pollution of underground water
CN107860807A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-03-30 重庆晓微城企业孵化器有限公司 A kind of biobattery sensor assembly
CN110048146A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-23 南通大学 A kind of negative-pressure adsorption-type microbiological fuel cell
CN110048146B (en) * 2019-04-26 2021-09-28 南通大学 Negative pressure adsorption type microbial fuel cell

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Inventor after: Tian Xingjun

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Application publication date: 20140604