CN102610843B

CN102610843B - Microbial fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN102610843B
Application number: CN201210086145.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱家伟; 唐骋; 祝欣; 孙圆; 古玺; 田兴军
Original assignee: Nanjing University
Current assignee: Nanjing University
Priority date: 2012-03-29
Filing date: 2012-03-29
Publication date: 2014-05-21
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-29
Also published as: CN102610843A

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell, comprising a cell container, anode liquid and cathode liquid; the cell container comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a proton exchange membrane, a fastening device, a first rubber cushion and a second rubber cushion; the anode chamber comprises a first top plate, a first bottom plate and a cambered first chamber wall; the first rubber cushion is fixed on a side wall of the anode chamber along an opening of the anode chamber; the cathode chamber comprises a second top plate, a second bottom plate and a cambered second chamber wall; the second rubber cushion is fixed on the side wall of the cathode chamber along the opening of the cathode chamber; the proton exchange membrane is embedded between the first rubber cushion and the second rubber cushion; the fastening device is connected with the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; the anode liquid is put in the anode chamber of the cell container, one end of an anode lead is connected with an anode carbon cloth electrode; the cathode liquid is put in the cathode chamber of the cell container, one end of a cathode lead is connected with a cathode carbon cloth electrode. The microbial fuel cell is cleaned conveniently and is capable of generating high voltage.

Description

Microbial fuel cell

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a battery, and more particularly, to a microbial fuel cell.

Background

The microbial fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy in organic matters into electric energy by using microbes. The basic working principle of the microbial fuel cell is as follows: in the anaerobic environment of the anode chamber, organic matters are decomposed under the action of microorganisms to release electrons and protons, the electrons are effectively transferred between biological components and the anode by virtue of a suitable electron transfer mediator and are transferred to the cathode through an external circuit to form current, the protons are transferred to the cathode through a proton exchange membrane, and an oxidant (generally oxygen) obtains the electrons at the cathode and is reduced to be combined with the protons to form water. The container for holding the microbial fuel is generally of a dual chamber type, i.e., the microbial fuel cell container includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber. For example, an "H" shaped microbial fuel cell container, a channel is provided between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, the channel connecting the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, respectively, and a semipermeable membrane is provided in the channel. The anode chamber and the cathode chamber are both in a cuboid structure, so that the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are provided with a plurality of right angles, and the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are inconvenient to clean after experiments.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows:the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the microbial fuel cell is provided, and the cell container for containing microbial fuel is firm in structure and convenient to clean.

The technical scheme is as follows:in order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a microbial fuel cell comprising a cell container, an anolyte, and a catholyte; the cell container comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a proton exchange membrane, a fastening device, a first rubber pad in a frame shape and a second rubber pad in a frame shape; the anode chamber comprises a first top plate provided with a first injection hole, a first bottom plate and a first chamber wall in an arc surface; a first sealing cover is arranged on the first injection hole, the first top plate and the first bottom plate are parallel to each other, the first chamber wall is fixedly connected between the first top plate and the first bottom plate, an opening is formed in one side of the anode chamber, and the first rubber gasket is fixed on the side wall of the anode chamber along the opening of the anode chamber; the cathode chamber comprises a second top plate provided with a second injection hole, a second bottom plate and a second chamber wall in an arc surface; a second sealing cover is arranged on the second filling hole, a second top plate and a second bottom plate are parallel to each other, a second chamber wall is fixedly connected between the second top plate and the second bottom plate, one side of the cathode chamber is provided with an opening, and a second rubber gasket is fixed on the side wall of the cathode chamber along the opening of the cathode chamber; the proton exchange membrane is embedded between the first rubber pad and the second rubber pad; the fastening device is connected with the anode chamber and the cathode chamber to ensure that the first rubber pad is attached to the second rubber pad; the anolyte is positioned in the anode chamber of the cell container, the anode lead passes through the first sealing cover, one end of the anode lead is connected with the anode carbon cloth electrode, the anode carbon cloth electrode is positioned in the anolyte, and the other end of the anode lead is positioned outside the first sealing cover; the catholyte is positioned in a cathode chamber of the battery container, the cathode lead passes through the second sealing cover, one end of the cathode lead is connected with the cathode carbon cloth electrode, the cathode carbon cloth electrode is positioned in the catholyte, and the other end of the cathode lead is positioned outside the second sealing cover.

Further, the anolyte consists of a glucose peptone culture medium solution and a bacterial solution, and the pH value of the anolyte is between 7.0 and 7.2; the catholyte is potassium ferricyanide solution, and the volume ratio of the anolyte to the catholyte is 1: 1.

Further, the glucose peptone medium solution consists of peptone, glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5: 2: 1000, the bacterial liquid consists of Huwa saprophytic bacteria and DH5 alpha escherichia coli, and the potassium ferricyanide solution consists of potassium ferricyanide, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 16.45: 8.7: 1000.

Furthermore, the volume amount of the Huwanese saprophytic bacteria is more than that of DH5 alpha escherichia coli.

Furthermore, the hole wall of the first injection hole extends out of the first top plate, an external thread is arranged on the hole wall of the first injection hole, and an internal thread matched with the external thread of the first injection hole is arranged on the first sealing cover; the hole wall of the second injection hole stretches out of the second top plate, an external thread is arranged on the hole wall of the second injection hole, and an internal thread matched with the external thread of the second injection hole is arranged on the second sealing cover.

Further, the radius of the first injection hole is between 1 cm and 1.05 cm; the radius of the second injection hole is between 1 cm and 1.05 cm.

Further, fastener including setting up the first stand at first roof upper surface, set up the second stand at first bottom plate lower surface, set up the third stand at second roof upper surface, set up the fourth stand at second bottom plate lower surface, first stand and third stand pass through last bolt fixed connection, second stand and fourth stand pass through bolt fixed connection down.

Has the advantages that:compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the cleaning is convenient. In the prior art, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are provided with a plurality of right angles, which is inconvenient to clean after experiments. When the cell needs to be cleaned after being used, the fastening device is unloaded firstly, so that the first rubber pad and the second rubber pad are separated, namely the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are separated. Because the first chamber wall of the anode chamber and the second chamber wall of the cathode chamber are both cambered surfaces, no right angle exists between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the cell container. Therefore, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are convenient to clean, and the cleaning is cleaner.

2. The voltage generated by the battery is high. The anolyte provided by the invention contains DH5 alpha colibacillus. The DH5 alpha colibacillus and the Shewanella putrescentia are mixed to form bacteria liquid, so that the voltage of the microbial fuel cell can be improved. Under the same condition, after the battery power generation stable period is reached, the ratio of volume to volume is 1: 1 the cell charged with DH 5. alpha. E.coli and Huwanella volvacea produced a higher voltage than the cell charged with Shewanella alone.

3. Does not require sterile environment and has low preparation cost. The anolyte provided by the invention contains DH5 alpha colibacillus. The assembly of the entire microbial dye cell need not necessarily be performed in a sterile environment. Thus, the cost for preparing the microbial dye cell is greatly reduced. Only the volume of the Shewanella putrescentiae in the bacterial liquid is larger than that of DH5 alpha escherichia coli, namely the Shewanella putrescentiae is used as the dominant bacteria in the anolyte, a small amount of non-electricity-generating mixed bacteria, such as DH5 alpha escherichia coli, is mixed, so that the voltage of the battery is not reduced, and the voltage of the battery can be improved.

4. The sealing device has low cost and can be repeatedly used. In the prior art, the anode and the cathode of a microbial fuel cell are sealed by using sealing films. However, the sealing film has the disadvantages of unreliable sealing performance, easy falling off after being soaked in solution, high price and incapability of being reused. The first sealing cover is connected with the first injection hole, and the second sealing cover is connected with the second injection hole. The first cover can be very easily installed on the first injection hole or removed from the first injection hole by providing the first cover, the first injection hole, the second cover and the second injection hole with screw threads; the second cap can be very easily mounted on or removed from the second injection hole. The sealing device consisting of the first sealing cover and the second sealing cover can be reused and has low cost.

5. The anode liquid and the cathode liquid are conveniently injected, and the sealing performance is good. In the prior art, the openings for injecting the anolyte and the catholyte are very small, so that leakage of the anolyte and the catholyte can be reduced, but great troubles are brought to the injection of the anolyte and the catholyte. The radius of the first injection hole and the radius of the second injection hole are both 1-1.05 cm, the first sealing cover is arranged to be connected with the first injection hole, and the second sealing cover is arranged to be connected with the second injection hole. Therefore, the anode liquid and the cathode liquid can be conveniently injected, the sealing performance can be improved, and the leakage of the anode liquid and the cathode liquid can be prevented.

6. The structure is firm. The microbial fuel cell of the invention further comprises a fastening device, and the fastening device is positioned between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. Through setting up fastener, can strengthen the firm nature of connecting between anode chamber, cathode chamber and the rubber pad, avoid microbial fuel from between anode chamber and the rubber pad, or from leaking between cathode chamber and the rubber pad.

7. The disassembly is convenient. According to the cell provided by the invention, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are connected and detached through the fastening device, so that the cell is very convenient. The fastening device adopts a detachable structure. For example, one fastening device structure includes a first upright disposed on the upper surface of the first top plate, a second upright disposed on the lower surface of the first bottom plate, a third upright disposed on the upper surface of the second top plate, and a fourth upright disposed on the lower surface of the second bottom plate, the first upright and the third upright being fixedly connected by an upper bolt, and the second upright and the fourth upright being fixedly connected by a lower bolt. By mounting and dismounting the upper bolt and the lower bolt, the connection and the separation between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber can be realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 to a-a sectional view of fig. 1.

The figure shows that: the anode chamber comprises an anode chamber 1, a first injection hole 101, a first top plate 102, a first bottom plate 103, a first chamber wall 104, a first sealing cover 105, a cathode chamber 2, a second injection hole 201, a second top plate 202, a second bottom plate 203, a second chamber wall 204, a second sealing cover 205, a proton exchange membrane 3, a first rubber gasket 4, a first upright post 5, a second upright post 6, a third upright post 7, a fourth upright post 8, an upper bolt 9, a lower bolt 10, a second rubber gasket 11, anolyte 12, catholyte 13, an anode lead 14, an anode carbon cloth electrode 15, a cathode lead 16 and a cathode carbon cloth electrode 17.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a microbial fuel cell of the present invention includes a cell container, an anolyte 12 and a catholyte 13. The cell container comprises an anode chamber 1, a cathode chamber 2, a proton exchange membrane 3, a fastening device, a first rubber gasket 4 and a second rubber gasket 11. The first rubber pad 4 and the second rubber pad 11 are both frame-shaped. The anode chamber 1 includes a first top plate 102, a first bottom plate 103, and a first chamber wall 104. The first top plate 102 is provided with a first injection hole 101. The first injection hole 101 communicates an upper space of the first upper plate 102 with a lower space of the first upper plate 102. A first cover 105 is provided on the first inlet 101. The first cover 105 may seal the first injection hole 101. The first chamber wall 104 is curved. The first top plate 102 and the first bottom plate 103 are parallel to each other, and the first chamber wall 104 is fixedly connected between the first top plate 102 and the first bottom plate 103. One side of the anode chamber 1 is open. The first rubber gasket 4 is fixed to the side wall of the anode chamber 1 along the opening of the anode chamber 1. Cathode chamber 2 includes a second top plate 202, a second bottom plate 203, and a second chamber wall 204. The second top plate 202 is provided with a second injection hole 201. The second injection hole 201 communicates an upper space of the second top plate 202 with a lower space of the second top plate 202. A second cap 205 is disposed on the second filling hole 201, and the second cap 205 can seal the second filling hole 201. The second chamber wall 204 is curved. The second top plate 202 and the second bottom plate 203 are parallel to each other, and the second chamber wall 204 is fixedly connected between the second top plate 202 and the second bottom plate 203. One side of the cathode chamber 2 is open. The second rubber gasket 11 is fixed to the side wall of the cathode chamber 2 along the opening of the cathode chamber 2. The opening of the anode chamber 1 and the opening of the cathode chamber 2 are opposed to each other. The proton exchange membrane 3 is embedded between the first rubber pad 4 and the second rubber pad 11. The fastening device connects the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2, so that the first rubber gasket 4 and the second rubber gasket 11 are jointed. Thus, only one proton exchange membrane 3 is interposed between the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2. The anolyte 12 is positioned in the anode chamber 1 of the cell container, the anode lead 14 passes through the first sealing cover 105, one end of the anode lead 14 is connected with the anode carbon cloth electrode 15, the anode carbon cloth electrode 15 is positioned in the anolyte 12, and the other end of the anode lead 14 is positioned outside the first sealing cover 105. The catholyte 13 is positioned in the cathode chamber 2 of the cell container, the cathode lead 16 passes through the second sealing cover 205, one end of the cathode lead 16 is connected with the cathode carbon cloth electrode 17, the cathode carbon cloth electrode 17 is positioned in the catholyte 13, and the other end of the cathode lead 16 is positioned outside the second sealing cover 205.

When assembling the microbial fuel cell having this structure, first, the cell container is mounted: the method comprises the steps of firstly washing the anode chamber 1, the cathode chamber 2 and the proton exchange membrane 3 with distilled water, then respectively soaking the anode chamber 1, the cathode chamber 2 and the proton exchange membrane 3 in 3% hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes, then clamping the proton exchange membrane 3 between a first rubber pad 4 and a second rubber pad 11, then fastening a first upright post 5 and a third upright post 7 which are positioned on a first top plate 102 by using an upper bolt 9, and fastening a second upright post 6 and a fourth upright post 8 which are positioned under a first bottom plate 103 by using a lower bolt 10. After the assembly is completed, the operation table is continuously filled with the anolyte 12 into the anode chamber 1 through the first filling hole 101, and the catholyte 13 is filled into the cathode chamber 2 through the second filling hole 201. After the solution is filled, the first filling hole 101 is covered with the first cap 105, and the second filling hole 201 is covered with the second cap 205.

According to the cell provided by the invention, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are connected and detached through the fastening device, so that the cell is very convenient. The fastening device adopts a detachable structure. After the fastening device is disassembled, the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 are separated. Because first chamber wall 104 and second chamber wall 204 are all the cambered surfaces, do not have edges and corners, be convenient for wash clean battery container.

Further, the anolyte 12 is composed of a glucose peptone culture medium solution and a bacterial solution, and the pH value of the anolyte is between 7.0 and 7.2. The catholyte 13 is potassium ferricyanide solution, and the volume ratio of the anolyte to the catholyte is 1: 1. The glucose peptone culture medium solution consists of peptone, glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5: 2: 1000, the bacterium solution consists of shiva saprophytic bacteria and DH5 alpha escherichia coli, and the potassium ferricyanide solution consists of potassium ferricyanide, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 16.45: 8.7: 1000. The volume amount of the Shewanella putrescentia is larger than that of DH5 alpha colibacillus.

The voltage test is performed on the microbial fuel, and one end of the anode lead 14, which is positioned on the outer side of the first cover 105, is connected with the anode port of the voltage collector, and one end of the cathode lead 16, which is positioned on the outer side of the second cover 205, is connected with the cathode port of the voltage collector. Among the microbial fuels tested: the glucose peptone culture medium solution is formed by mixing 5g of peptone, 5g of glucose, 2 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1000 g of deionized water, and the pH value of the glucose peptone culture medium solution is 7.1; the potassium ferricyanide solution is formed by mixing 16.45g of potassium ferricyanide, 8.7 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1000 g of deionized water; adding the bacterial liquid into a glucose peptone culture medium solution. The voltage value of the voltage collector is collected through UDP (user Datagram protocol) data device service software of Nanjing Cuihu information technology Limited, the voltage value is collected once per second and continuously collected for 3 days, and the test results are shown in tables 1 and 2.

Table 1 is the voltage values of the microbial fuel cell collected at different time periods. In table 1, time represents the time point at which the voltage was collected, in units: and (4) hours. The S voltage represents the voltage value of a battery, which is acquired by UDP (user Datagram protocol) data device service software, when the bacterial liquid is the Huwasaki saprophyte, 300 microliters of the Huwasaki saprophyte is added into the glucose peptone culture medium solution, and the unit is as follows: millivolts. The mixed voltage means a battery voltage value collected by UDP (user Datagram protocol) data device service software when bacterial liquid is formed by mixing Shewanella putrescentia and DH5 alpha escherichia coli, 150 microliter of Shewanella putrescentia and 150 microliter of DH5 alpha escherichia coli are added into glucose peptone culture medium solution, and the unit is: millivolts.

Table 2 shows the voltage values of different volume ratios of the Huwanese saprophytic bacteria and DH5 alpha colibacillus collected in different time periods. In Table 2, the volume ratio of the H.shiva strain to DH 5. alpha. E.coli in the bacterial suspension is shown, and the total volume of the H.shiva strain to DH 5. alpha. E.coli is 300. mu.l. Time represents the point in time when the voltage was collected, in units: and (4) hours. For example, the number 661.38 in the second row and the second column indicates a bacterial liquid composed of Huwanese bacteria and DH 5. alpha. Escherichia coli at a volume ratio of 1: 9, i.e., the volume of the Huwanese bacteria is 30. mu.l, the volume of DH 5. alpha. Escherichia coli is 270. mu.l, and the voltage collected at the 6 th hour is 661.38 mV.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

As can be seen from table 1, the microbial fuel cell provided by the present invention has a high voltage generation. The anolyte provided by the invention contains a bacterium liquid formed by mixing DH5 alpha escherichia coli and Huwanese saprophytic bacteria, and can improve the voltage of a microbial dye battery. After 8 hours of electricity generation, the battery enters a stationary phase. When the anolyte is inoculated into a bacterial liquid consisting of DH5 alpha escherichia coli and shiva saprophytic bacteria, the voltage generated by the battery is about 100 millivolts higher than the voltage generated by a battery in which the anolyte is only inoculated into the shiva saprophytic bacteria, and the voltage is continuously kept in a stable period. For example, the voltage collected at the 16 th hour was 666.86 mv for S voltage, 779.14 mv for mixed voltage, and 112.28 mv for mixed voltage.

As can be seen from table 2, the anolyte provided by the present invention contains non-electrogenic bacteria represented by DH5 α escherichia coli, and when the volume of the shiva pythium in the anolyte solution is greater than the volume of DH5 α escherichia coli, i.e., when the shiva pythium is the dominant bacteria, the electrogenic voltage of the battery does not change significantly, which indicates that the mixing of a small amount of non-electrogenic bacteria does not have a significant effect on the battery voltage. And the assembly of the entire microbial dye cell need not necessarily be performed in a sterile environment. Thus, the cost for preparing the microbial dye cell is greatly reduced.

Further, the first chamber wall 104 and the second chamber wall 204 are symmetrical to each other along the proton exchange membrane 3. Thus, the cell container has a symmetrical structure, which facilitates control and observation of the microbial fuel capacity. In particular, the cross-section of first chamber wall 104 and the cross-section of second chamber wall 204 are each semi-circular.

Further, for convenience of installation and disassembly, the hole wall of the first injection hole 101 extends out of the first top plate 102, the hole wall of the first injection hole 101 is provided with an external thread, and the first sealing cover is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the first injection hole 101; the hole wall of the second injection hole 201 extends out of the second top plate 202, the hole wall of the second injection hole 201 is provided with an external thread, and the second sealing cover is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the second injection hole 201. Thus, the first closure can be attached to the first injection hole 101 or detached from the first injection hole 101 by the engagement between the internal thread of the first closure and the external thread of the first injection hole 101. The same is true for the second cap and the second injection hole 201.

Further, in order to improve the efficiency of adding the microbial fuel into the cell container, the radius of the first injection hole 101 is between 1 cm and 1.05 cm; the radius of the second injection hole 201 is between 1 cm and 1.05 cm. By increasing the radius of the first injection hole 101 and the radius of the second injection hole 201, the efficiency of adding the microbial fuel can be improved.

Further, the structure of the fastening device can be various, and the following three structures are preferred in the invention:

the first structure is as follows: the fastening device comprises a first upright post 5 arranged on the upper surface of the first top plate 102, a second upright post 6 arranged on the lower surface of the first bottom plate 103, a third upright post 7 arranged on the upper surface of the second top plate 202, and a fourth upright post 8 arranged on the lower surface of the second bottom plate 203, wherein the first upright post 5 and the third upright post 7 are fixedly connected through an upper bolt 9, and the second upright post 6 and the fourth upright post 8 are fixedly connected through a lower bolt 10.

In this way, the connection between the upper bolt 9, the first upright 5 and the third upright 7 improves the tightness of the connection between the first top plate 102 and the second top plate 202. The connection among the lower bolt 10, the second upright 6 and the fourth upright 8 improves the tightness of the connection between the first bottom plate 103 and the second bottom plate 203.

The second structure is as follows: the same as the first structure, except that: the number of the first upright post 5, the second upright post 6, the third upright post 7 and the fourth upright post 8 is two respectively. The anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 can be further improved by respectively arranging the two first upright columns 5, the second upright column 6, the third upright column 7 and the fourth upright column 8And a rubber pad 4The firmness of the connection between the two.

A third structure: the fastening means is a ring which is fixed to the outside of the first chamber wall 104 and the second chamber wall 204. The pressure exerted by the ring on first chamber wall 104 and second chamber wall 204 is such that a relative pressure is maintained between first chamber wall 104 and second chamber wall 204, thereby increasing the security of the connection between anode chamber 1, cathode chamber 2 and rubber gasket 4.

Claims

1. A microbial fuel cell, comprising a cell container, an anolyte (12) and a catholyte (13); wherein,

the cell container comprises an anode chamber (1), a cathode chamber (2), a proton exchange membrane (3), a fastening device, a first rubber gasket (4) in a frame shape and a second rubber gasket (11) in a frame shape; the anode chamber (1) comprises a first top plate (102) provided with a first injection hole (101), a first bottom plate (103) and a first cambered-surface chamber wall (104); a first sealing cover (105) is arranged on the first injection hole (101), a first top plate (102) and a first bottom plate (103) are parallel to each other, a first chamber wall (104) is fixedly connected between the first top plate (102) and the first bottom plate (103), one side of the anode chamber (1) is provided with an opening, and a first rubber gasket (4) is fixed on the side wall of the anode chamber (1) along the opening of the anode chamber (1); the cathode chamber (2) comprises a second top plate (202) provided with a second injection hole (201), a second bottom plate (203) and a second chamber wall (204) in an arc surface; a second sealing cover (205) is arranged on the second filling hole (201), a second top plate (202) and a second bottom plate (203) are parallel to each other, a second chamber wall (204) is fixedly connected between the second top plate (202) and the second bottom plate (203), one side of the cathode chamber (2) is provided with an opening, and a second rubber gasket (11) is fixed on the side wall of the cathode chamber (2) along the opening of the cathode chamber (2); the proton exchange membrane (3) is embedded between the first rubber pad (4) and the second rubber pad (11); the fastening device is connected with the anode chamber (1) and the cathode chamber (2) to ensure that the first rubber gasket (4) is attached to the second rubber gasket (11);

the anode liquid (12) is positioned in an anode chamber (1) of the cell container, an anode lead (14) passes through a first sealing cover (105), one end of the anode lead (14) is connected with an anode carbon cloth electrode (15), the anode carbon cloth electrode (15) is positioned in the anode liquid (12), and the other end of the anode lead (14) is positioned outside the first sealing cover (105);

the catholyte (13) is positioned in a cathode chamber (2) of the cell container, a cathode lead (16) passes through the second sealing cover (205), one end of the cathode lead (16) is connected with a cathode carbon cloth electrode (17), the cathode carbon cloth electrode (17) is positioned in the catholyte (13), and the other end of the cathode lead (16) is positioned outside the second sealing cover (205);

the anolyte (12) consists of a glucose peptone culture medium solution and a bacterial solution, and the pH value of the anolyte is between 7.0 and 7.2; the catholyte (13) is potassium ferricyanide solution, and the volume ratio of the anolyte to the catholyte is 1: 1;

the glucose peptone culture medium solution consists of peptone, glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 5: 2: 1000, the bacterium solution consists of shiva saprophytic bacteria and DH5 alpha escherichia coli, and the potassium ferricyanide solution consists of potassium ferricyanide, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 16.45: 8.7: 1000;

the volume amount of the said Huwanese saprophytic bacteria is larger than the volume amount of DH5 alpha colibacillus.

2. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber wall (104) and the second chamber wall (204) are symmetrical to each other along the proton exchange membrane (3).

3. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the wall of the first injection hole (101) protrudes from the first top plate (102), and the wall of the first injection hole (101) is provided with an external thread, and the first cap (105) is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the first injection hole (101); the hole wall of the second injection hole (201) extends out of the second top plate (202), an external thread is arranged on the hole wall of the second injection hole (201), and an internal thread matched with the external thread of the second injection hole (201) is arranged on the second sealing cover (205).

4. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the radius of the first injection hole (101) is between 1 cm and 1.05 cm; the radius of the second injection hole (201) is between 1 cm and 1.05 cm.

5. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the fastening means comprises a first upright (5) disposed on the upper surface of the first top plate (102), a second upright (6) disposed on the lower surface of the first bottom plate (103), a third upright (7) disposed on the upper surface of the second top plate (202), and a fourth upright (8) disposed on the lower surface of the second bottom plate (203), the first upright (5) and the third upright (7) are fixedly connected by an upper bolt (9), and the second upright (6) and the fourth upright (8) are fixedly connected by a lower bolt (10).

6. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the number of the first upright (5), the second upright (6), the third upright (7) and the fourth upright (8) is two.

7. The microbial fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fastening means is a ring secured to the outside of the first chamber wall (104) and the second chamber wall (204).