CN103835707A - Large model test device simulating deep vertical shaft freezing - Google Patents
Large model test device simulating deep vertical shaft freezing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103835707A CN103835707A CN201310645777.9A CN201310645777A CN103835707A CN 103835707 A CN103835707 A CN 103835707A CN 201310645777 A CN201310645777 A CN 201310645777A CN 103835707 A CN103835707 A CN 103835707A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large model test device simulating deep vertical shaft freezing. The large model test device comprises a model test barrel, a slurry loading system, a hydraulic system, an excavation simulation system, a refrigerating system, a monitoring system and a data collection and control system, wherein the excavation simulation system is located in a soil sample, the soil sample is located in the model test barrel, the slurry loading system, the hydraulic system and the data collection and control system are all located outside the model test barrel, one part of the monitoring end of the monitoring system is buried into the soil sample, the other part of the monitoring end of the monitoring system is located in the excavation simulation system, the output end of the monitoring system is connected with the input end of the data collection and control system, the hydraulic system provides hydraulic driving force for the excavation simulation system, a slurry output opening of the slurry loading system is communicated with cavity fluid between the inner wall of the model test barrel and the soil sample, and the refrigerating system provides circulation low temperature liquid for soil sample freezing. By means of the large model test device simulating deep vertical shaft freezing, when a test is carried out, formation of a freezing wall in the deep vertical shaft freezing process and displacement change conditions of well side during shaft excavation can be really reflected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dark Shaft Freezing analogue means, particularly a kind of large-scale model experimental rig of simulating dark Shaft Freezing.
Background technology
Freezing process is before Shaft Excavation, holes downwards from ground along planning to build interval the concentric circumference of the peripheral certain distance of vertical shaft, gos deep into impervious layer, then sinking freezing pipe in each boring at the bottom of hole; Freezing equipment is installed on ground; cold-producing medium is inputted to freezing pipe with circulation pump, through the cold-producing medium heat outside suction pipe continuously for a long time, make Freezing stratum as rapid around; make it to bear water, soil pressure and intercept underground water, under its protection, excavating stratum and build lining cutting.
Therefore, freezing process is mainly applicable in loose unsettled alluvium, the water-bearing stratum of cranny development, and mud, soft mud stone, and work shaft is carried out on saturated aqueous and the extra high stratum of head; It is a kind of special construction method by the temporary transient strengthening stratum of artificial cooling means and partition underground water.
Adopt in freeze-wellboring construction in reality, often need to prove optimal design to project of shaft freezing, to determine preferred plan.In many research methods, physical simulation test is with the important means in its research of feature Chang Zuowei project of shaft freezing accurately directly perceived.This just need to carry out analog simulation test before vertical shaft frozen construction take feature stratum as research object, to grasp, deformation rule stressed by frost wall after the formation spread scenarios of frost wall in certain project of shaft freezing plan frozen ground and Shaft Excavation, it is work shaft safe construction lay a good foundation on the scientific rationality of scheme.But there is following technological deficiency in analogue means of the prior art: (1) experimental rig efficiency test space is generally not enough, and boundary effect and scale effect often cause adverse effect to result of the test.(2) convenience of structure stress and test operation is difficult to take into account, and part test platform is easy to operate but structure stress is bad, is difficult to realize high pressure and loads.(3) large-scale ground test specimen is pressed in analog and loaded the larger difficulty of existence, barrier film rapid wear causes test failure.(4) there is larger difficulty in Shaft Excavation simulation, and the displacement deformation situation being difficult to excavating rear well side is monitored.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the larger test space of one, structure stress is more reasonable, can simulate the large-scale model experimental rig of pressure ring border, dark vertical highland and different sections of high Shaft Excavations, make in the deep shaft project of shaft freezing research optimizing phase, test and obtain freezing wall temperature field under pressure ring border, deep-well highland by analog simulation, frost wall and not frozen soil entirety stressing conditions, frost wall stability, frozen soilwall, the relevant information of the aspects such as shaft lining, for deep shaft practice of construction provides strong technical support.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of large-scale model experimental rig of simulating dark Shaft Freezing, comprise model testing cylinder, mud loading system, hydraulic system, excavation simulation system, refrigeration system, monitoring system and acquisition and control system, excavation simulation system is positioned at soil sample, soil sample is positioned at model testing cylinder, mud loading system, hydraulic system and acquisition and control system are all positioned at outside model testing cylinder, a part of monitoring side of monitoring system is embedded in soil sample, another part monitoring side is positioned at excavation simulation system, the output of monitoring system is connected with the input of acquisition and control system, hydraulic system provides hydraulic-driven power for excavating simulation system, layer Cavity Flow conducting between mud delivery outlet and model testing cylinder inwall and the soil sample of mud loading system, refrigeration system freezes to provide circulation cryogenic liquid for soil sample.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation, model testing cylinder comprises test cylinder base, middle stack shell, upper end cover, upper flange, bottom end cover and lower flange, bottom end cover is fixedly mounted on test cylinder base, lower flange is fixedly mounted on bottom end cover, middle stack shell is fixedly mounted on lower flange, with it upper flange fixed installation intermediate cylinder, upper end cover is fixedly mounted on upper flange, and the equal coaxial welding of middle stack shell, upper flange and lower flange is installed, intermediate cylinder is provided with percolating fluid effuser with it, is separately installed with mud ftercompction pipe, mud feed tube and refrigeration feed tube on bottom end cover, is separately installed with blow-down pipe, Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe and pressure detecting pipe on upper end cover, offer First stepwise installing hole in the center of bottom end cover, the aperture, upper end of First stepwise installing hole is greater than aperture, lower end, in the upper end of First stepwise installing hole, lower movable small end cover is installed, the upper end hole convex-concave of lower movable small end cover and First stepwise installing hole is sealed and matched, on bottom end cover soffit, fixed installation is useful on the first shrouding of sealing First stepwise installing hole lower ending opening, on lower movable small end cover, offer inside and outside connecting test line fairlead and low temperature inlet opening, refrigeration feed tube is successively through the low temperature inlet opening on the first shrouding and lower movable small end cover and the low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum fluid communication that is positioned at model testing cylinder, offer second step formula installing hole in the center of upper end cover, the aperture, upper end of second step formula installing hole is less than aperture, lower end, lower end at second step formula installing hole is provided with movable small end cover, on upper movable small end cover, offer inside and outside connecting test line fairlead and hydraulic pressure oilhole, the lower stomidium convex-concave of upper movable small end cover and second step formula installing hole is sealed and matched, on upper end cover upper surface, fixed installation is useful on the second shrouding of sealing second step formula installing hole upper end open, one end and low temperature that Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe is positioned at model testing cylinder return liquid water knockout drum fluid communication.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation, upper flange and lower flange all adopt groove design, that is: the contact surface edge of upper flange and upper end cover is downward-sloping with respect to upper flange surface place horizontal plane, and the contact surface edge of lower flange and bottom end cover is inclined upwardly with respect to lower flange face place horizontal plane.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation is provided with seal groove on the contact surface of upper end cover and upper flange and on the contact surface of bottom end cover and lower flange, and nitrile rubber seal washer is installed in seal groove; Between upper movable small end cover and upper end cover and between lower movable small end cover and bottom end cover, be provided with copper coin packing ring and nitrile rubber seal washer.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation, middle stack shell and upper flange and middle stack shell and lower flange are and are welded to connect, and upper end cover is bolt with upper flange and bottom end cover with lower flange and is connected; The seal groove place of the contact surface of upper flange and upper end cover on upper end cover and be 1.5～2.5 degree with respect to upper flange surface place horizontal plane downtilt angles X, the seal groove place of the contact surface of lower flange and bottom end cover on bottom end cover and 1.5～2.5 spending with respect to the lower flange face place horizontal plane angle X that is inclined upwardly.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation, on the upper surface of upper end cover and on the soffit of bottom end cover, be all welded with interior annular plate and outer ring floor, the diameter of a circle that interior annular plate surrounds is less than the diameter of a circle that outer ring floor surrounds, the center that interior annular plate on upper end cover and the center of circle of outer ring floor are upper end cover, the center that interior annular plate on bottom end cover and the center of circle of outer ring floor are bottom end cover, the center of upper end cover and the center of bottom end cover are all on the axis of middle stack shell; Between interior annular plate and outer ring floor and outside outer ring floor, impartial angle radial is furnished with straight floor, that is: between interior annular plate and outer ring floor, radially uniform welding has 12 straight floors, and there are 24 straight floors in the outside of outer ring floor radially uniform welding.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation, mud loading system comprises mud stirring bucket, slush pump and motor servo mud loading unit, the mud input of slush pump and mud stirring bucket fluid communication, the mud output of slush pump and mud feed tube fluid communication, the control signal input of motor servo mud loading unit is connected with the control signal output of PLC, refrigeration system comprises cryostat, circulation pump, low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum, low temperature returns liquid water knockout drum and model blocking pipe, the Low Temperature Liquid outlet of cryostat, and the Low Temperature Liquid inlet fluid conducting of circulation pump, the Low Temperature Liquid outlet of circulation pump and refrigeration feed tube fluid communication, refrigeration feed tube and low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum fluid communication, low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum is embedded in soil sample and is positioned at soil sample bottom, the lower end of model blocking pipe and low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum fluid communication, the upper end of model blocking pipe is run through soil sample and is returned liquid water knockout drum fluid communication with low temperature, the low temperature that low temperature returns liquid water knockout drum returns liquid outlet and Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe fluid communication, monitoring system comprises temperature pick up, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and displacement transducer, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and a part of temperature pick up are embedded in respectively in soil sample, and displacement transducer and another part temperature pick up are positioned at excavation simulation system, acquisition and control system comprises data acquisition unit and PC, the data output end of data acquisition unit is connected with the data input pin of PC, and the test lead of temperature pick up, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and displacement transducer is connected with the data input pin of data acquisition through the inside and outside connecting test line fairlead on upper movable small end cover.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation, excavation simulation system comprises bracing frame, retraction casing, excavation retracting cylinder and driving mechanism, the lower end of retraction casing is that openend, upper end are blind end, the upper end of bracing frame extend in retraction casing from the openend of retraction casing, and the upper end of bracing frame is fixedly connected with retraction casing; Driving mechanism drives and is connected with excavation retracting cylinder, and the upper end of excavation retracting cylinder is sleeved in retraction casing and can in retraction casing, pumps, and the outer wall of excavation retracting cylinder coordinates with the inner wall sealing of retraction casing; Bracing frame comprises that excavation system base and one end are fixedly mounted on the support column on excavation simulation system base, and the top of support column is fixedly connected with the upper end capping of retraction casing; Driving mechanism is the action tank being arranged in the cavity forming between retraction casing and excavation retracting cylinder, action tank has cylinder barrel and piston rod, cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with upper end capping away from one end of piston rod, piston rod is fixedly connected with retracting cylinder bracket away from one end of cylinder barrel, and retracting cylinder bracket is fixedly connected with excavation retracting cylinder.
The large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of above-mentioned simulation, retracting cylinder bracket is a band-like plate, the two ends of band-like plate are fixedly mounted on respectively on the inwall of excavation retracting cylinder; On cylinder barrel external surface, be installed with sensor bracket vertical rod, the upper end of sensor bracket vertical rod is fixedly connected with cylinder barrel external surface, the lower end of sensor bracket vertical rod extends downward and is less than or equal to the downward range of piston rod free end from cylinder barrel, in sensor bracket vertical rod, be separately installed with sensor bracket from bottom to top, displacement transducer is all installed on each sensor bracket; Between the inwall of the outer wall of excavation retracting cylinder and retraction casing, be provided with O-ring seal between cylinder; In cavity between excavation retracting cylinder and retraction casing, be also respectively arranged with temperature pick up and small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head; The test lead of temperature pick up, displacement transducer and small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head is drawn from the blind end of retraction casing; Excavation retracting cylinder lower end surface is sealed and matched with the step surface on excavation system base, and between the step surface on excavation retracting cylinder lower end surface and excavation system base, be provided with base seal cushion rubber, step surface is positioned on the horizontal plane of upper surface below of excavation system base; Release action oil pipe through the retraction blind end of casing and the plunger shaft fluid communication of action tank, retraction action oil pipe is through the retraction blind end of casing and the rod end chamber fluid communication of action tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: technical scheme of the present invention makes to freeze can carry out analog simulation to freezing excavation construction process before excavation at deep shaft, and then obtain freezing wall temperature field under pressure ring border, dark vertical highland, frost wall and the relevant information of the aspect such as frozen soil entirety stressing conditions, frost wall stability, frozen soilwall, shaft lining not, for the actual excavation construction of deep shaft provides reliable foundation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is excavation simulation system in the present invention structural representation in retracted state.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of the excavation simulation system shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that excavation simulation system in the present invention is in releasing the structural representation of state.
Fig. 4 is the B-B cross-sectional view of the excavation simulation system shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present invention simulates the large-scale model experimental rig of dark Shaft Freezing.
Fig. 6 is the internal construction schematic diagram that the present invention simulates the model testing cylinder of the large-scale model experimental rig of dark Shaft Freezing.
Fig. 7 is on the upper surface of the upper end cover of model testing cylinder shown in Fig. 6 and the structural representation of the soffit of bottom end cover.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of upper and lower flange.
Fig. 9 is the local structure for amplifying schematic diagram of upper and lower flange shown in Fig. 8.
In figure: 100-model testing cylinder, 200-mud loading system, 300-hydraulic system, 400-refrigeration system, 500-acquisition and control system.
1-test lead, 2-releases action oil pipe, 3-retraction action oil pipe, 4-temperature pick up, 5-displacement transducer, 6-support column, the 7-casing that bounces back, O-ring seal between 8-cylinder, the small-sized low-light illumination of 9-digital camera head, 10-retracting cylinder bracket, 11-excavates system base, 12-base seal cushion rubber, 13-displacement transducer top thick stick, 14-digs face outward, the vertical rod of 15-sensor bracket, 16-sensor bracket, 17-soil sample, 18-excavates retracting cylinder, 19-piston rod, 20-cylinder barrel, 21-test cylinder base, stack shell in the middle of 22-, 23-upper end cover, 24-upper flange, 25-bottom end cover, 26-lower flange, 27-mud ftercompction pipe, 28-mud feed tube, the 29-feed tube that freezes, 30-blow-down pipe, 31-Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe, 32-pressure detecting pipe, movable small end cover under 33-, 34-the-shrouding, the upper movable small end cover of 35-, 36-the second shrouding, 37-acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber seal washer, annular plate in 38-, 39-outer ring floor, the straight floor of 40-, 41-motor servo mud loading unit, 42-cryostat, 43-circulation pump, 44-low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum, 45-low temperature returns liquid water knockout drum, 46-model blocking pipe, 47-computer, 48-soil pressure sensor, 49-mud, 50-refrigerating fluid, 51-air or mud, 52-pressure gauge base, 53-mud pressure sensor, 54-Low Temperature Liquid, 55-percolating fluid effuser, 56-soil pressure sensor, 57-pore water pressure sensor, 58-Hydraulic Station, 59-data acquisition unit, 60-nylon wire, 61-swell soil clay, 62-pore water pressure sensor.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 5, the large-scale model experimental rig that the present embodiment is simulated dark Shaft Freezing comprises model testing cylinder 100, mud loading system 200, hydraulic system 300, excavation simulation system, refrigeration system 400, monitoring system and acquisition and control system 500, excavation simulation system is positioned at soil sample 17, soil sample 17 is positioned at model testing cylinder 100, mud loading system 200, hydraulic system 300 and acquisition and control system 500 are all positioned at outside model testing cylinder 100, a part of monitoring side of monitoring system is embedded in soil sample 17, another part monitoring side is positioned at excavation simulation system, the output of monitoring system is connected with the input of acquisition and control system 500, hydraulic system 300 provides hydraulic-driven power for excavating simulation system, layer Cavity Flow conducting between the mud delivery outlet of mud loading system 200 and model testing cylinder 100 inwalls and soil sample 17, refrigeration system 400 freezes to provide circulation cryogenic liquid for soil sample 17.
As shown in Figure 6, model testing cylinder comprises test cylinder base 21, middle stack shell 22, upper end cover 23, upper flange 24, bottom end cover 25 and lower flange 26, bottom end cover 25 is fixedly mounted on test cylinder base 21, lower flange 26 is fixedly mounted on bottom end cover 25, middle stack shell 22 is fixedly mounted on lower flange 26, in the middle of upper flange 24 fixed installations, on stack shell 22, upper end cover 23 is fixedly mounted on upper flange 24, and the equal coaxial welding of middle stack shell 22, upper flange 24 and lower flange 26 is installed, on middle stack shell 22, percolating fluid effuser 55 is installed, on bottom end cover 25, is separately installed with mud ftercompction pipe 27, mud feed tube 28 and refrigeration feed tube 29, on upper end cover 23, be separately installed with blow-down pipe 30, Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe 31 and pressure detecting pipe 32, offer First stepwise installing hole in the center of bottom end cover 25, the aperture, upper end of First stepwise installing hole is greater than aperture, lower end, in the upper end of First stepwise installing hole, lower movable small end cover 33 is installed, lower movable small end cover 33 is sealed and matched with the upper end hole convex-concave of First stepwise installing hole, on bottom end cover 25 soffits, fixed installation is useful on the first shrouding 34 of sealing First stepwise installing hole lower ending opening, on lower movable small end cover 33, offer inside and outside connecting test line fairlead and low temperature inlet opening, refrigeration feed tube is successively through 33 low temperature inlet opening and low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum 44 fluid communication that are positioned at model testing cylinder on the first shrouding 34 and lower movable small end cover, offer second step formula installing hole in the center of upper end cover 13, the aperture, upper end of second step formula installing hole is less than aperture, lower end, in the lower end of second step formula installing hole, movable small end cover 35 is installed, on upper movable small end cover 35, offer inside and outside connecting test line fairlead and hydraulic pressure oilhole, upper movable small end cover 35 is sealed and matched with the lower stomidium convex-concave of second step formula installing hole, on upper end cover 33 upper surfaces, fixed installation is useful on the second shrouding 36 of sealing second step formula installing hole upper end open, one end and low temperature that Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe 31 is positioned at model testing cylinder return liquid water knockout drum 16 fluid communication.On the contact surface of upper end cover 23 and upper flange 24 and on the contact surface of bottom end cover 25 and lower flange 24, be provided with seal groove, nitrile rubber seal washer 37 is installed in seal groove; As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, upper flange 24 in the present embodiment and lower flange 26 all adopt groove design, that is: the seal groove place of the contact surface of upper flange 24 and upper end cover 23 on upper end cover 23 and be 2 degree with respect to upper flange surface place horizontal plane downtilt angles X, the seal groove place of the contact surface of lower flange 26 and bottom end cover 25 on bottom end cover and be 2 degree with respect to the lower flange face place horizontal plane angle X that is inclined upwardly.Between upper movable small end cover 35 and upper end cover 23 and between lower movable small end cover 33 and bottom end cover 25, be provided with copper coin packing ring and nitrile rubber seal washer 37.Middle stack shell 22 is and is welded to connect with lower flange 26 with upper flange 24 and middle stack shell 22, and upper end cover 23 is bolt with upper flange 24 and bottom end cover 25 with lower flange 26 and is connected.
As shown in Figure 7, on the upper surface of upper end cover 23 and on the soffit of bottom end cover 25, be all welded with interior annular plate 38 and outer ring floor 39, the diameter of a circle that interior annular plate 38 surrounds is less than the diameter of a circle that outer ring floor 39 surrounds, interior annular plate 38 on upper end cover 23 and the center of circle of outer ring floor 39 are upper end cover 23 center, on bottom end cover, the center of circle of 25 interior annular plate 38 and outer ring floor 39 is bottom end cover 25 center, and upper end cover 23 center and bottom end cover 25 center are all on the axis of middle stack shell 22; Between interior annular plate 38 and outer ring floor 39 and the outer ring floor 39 impartial angle radials in outsides be furnished with straight floor 40, that is: between interior annular plate 38 and outer ring floor 39, radially uniform welding has 12 straight floors 40, and there are 24 straight floors 40 in the outside of outer ring floor 39 radially uniform welding.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, mud loading system 200 comprises mud stirring bucket, slush pump 43 and motor servo mud loading unit 41, the mud input of slush pump 43 and mud stirring bucket fluid communication, the mud output of slush pump and mud feed tube 28 fluid communication, the control signal input of motor servo mud loading unit 41 is connected with the control signal output of PLC, refrigeration system comprises cryostat, 42, circulation pump 43, low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum 44, low temperature returns liquid water knockout drum 45 and model blocking pipe 46, the Low Temperature Liquid outlet of cryostat, 42 and the Low Temperature Liquid inlet fluid conducting of circulation pump 43, the Low Temperature Liquid outlet of circulation pump 43 and refrigeration feed tube 29 fluid communication, refrigeration feed tube 29 and low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum 44 fluid communication, low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum 44 is embedded in soil sample 17 and is positioned at soil sample 17 bottoms, the lower end of model blocking pipe 46 and low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum 44 fluid communication, the upper end of model blocking pipe 46 is run through soil sample 17 and is returned liquid water knockout drum 45 fluid communication with low temperature, the low temperature that low temperature returns liquid water knockout drum 45 returns liquid outlet and Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe 31 fluid communication, monitoring system comprises temperature pick up 4, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and displacement transducer 5, soil pressure sensor 48, pore water pressure sensor 62 and a part of temperature pick up 4 are embedded in soil sample 17, and displacement transducer 5 and another part temperature pick up 4 are positioned at excavation simulation system, acquisition and control system 500 comprises data acquisition unit and PC, the data output end of data acquisition unit is connected with the data input pin of PC, and the test lead 1 of temperature pick up 4, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and displacement transducer 5 is connected with the data input pin of data acquisition through the inside and outside connecting test line fairlead on upper movable small end cover 35.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, excavation simulation system comprises bracing frame, retraction casing 7, excavation retracting cylinder 18 and driving mechanism, the lower end of retraction casing 7 is that openend, upper end are blind end, the upper end of bracing frame extend in retraction casing 7 from the openend of retraction casing 7, and the upper end of bracing frame is fixedly connected with retraction casing 7; Driving mechanism drives and is connected with excavation retracting cylinder 18, and the upper end of excavation retracting cylinder 18 is sleeved in retraction casing 7 and can in retraction casing 7, pumps, and the outer wall of excavation retracting cylinder 18 coordinates with the inner wall sealing of retraction casing 7.In the present embodiment excavation simulation system: (a) bracing frame comprises that excavation system base 11 and one end are fixedly mounted on the support column 6 on excavation system base 11, the top of support column 6 is fixedly connected with the upper end capping of retraction casing 7, the main force structure that support column 8 is this experimental rig, for supporting self load of this experimental facilities and the area load that the test soil body 17 upper surfaces apply, (b) driving mechanism is the action tank being arranged in the cavity forming between retraction casing 7 and excavation retracting cylinder 18, action tank has cylinder barrel 20 and piston rod 19, cylinder barrel 20 is fixedly connected with upper end capping away from one end of piston rod 19, piston rod 19 is fixedly connected with retracting cylinder bracket 10 away from one end of cylinder barrel, retracting cylinder bracket 10 is fixedly connected with excavation retracting cylinder 18, and retracting cylinder bracket 10 can synchronously be delivered to piston action excavation retracting cylinder 18, (c) the retracting cylinder bracket 10 in the present embodiment is a band-like plate, and the two ends of band-like plate are fixedly mounted on respectively on the inwall of excavation retracting cylinder 18, (d) on cylinder barrel 20 external surfaces, be installed with sensor bracket vertical rod 15, for fixed displacement sensor 5, small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head 9 and temperature pick up 4, the upper end of sensor bracket vertical rod 15 is fixedly connected with cylinder barrel 20 external surfaces, the lower end of sensor bracket vertical rod 15 extends downward the downward range of free end that is more than or equal to piston rod 19 from cylinder barrel 20, in sensor bracket vertical rod 15, be separately installed with sensor bracket 16 from bottom to top, on each sensor bracket 16, displacement transducer 5 is all installed, the position of displacement transducer 5 in sensor bracket vertical rod 15 can manual adjustments, so accurately control piston bar 19 stretches out, the displacement of retraction, (e) between the outer wall of excavation retracting cylinder 18 and the inwall of retraction casing 7, be provided with O-ring seal 8 between cylinder, (f) test lead 1 of temperature pick up 4, displacement transducer 5 and small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head 9 is drawn from the blind end of retraction casing 7, (g) excavation retracting cylinder 18 lower end surfaces are sealed and matched with the step surface on excavation system base 11, and between the step surface on excavation retracting cylinder 18 lower end surfaces and excavation system base 11, be provided with base seal cushion rubber 12, step surface is positioned on the horizontal plane of upper surface below of excavation system base 11, (h) release action oil pipe 2 through the retraction blind end of casing 7 and the plunger shaft fluid communication of action tank, retraction action oil pipe 3 is through the retraction blind end of casing 7 and the rod end chamber fluid communication of action tank.
Before testing, excavation simulation system should be installed according to following steps: (a) connect respectively and release and the interim oil pipe of retraction action, experimental rig is excavated to retracting cylinder 18 and be retracted in retraction casing 7; (b), according to the position relationship of excavation simulation section height adjustment experimental rig inner sensor bracket vertical rod 15 development lengths and each sensor, adjusted position displacement sensor top thick stick 13 extension elongations, adjust camera shooting angle; (c) will excavate retracting cylinder 18 and release, and make it and excavate that system base 11 is stable to be contacted; (d) at one vaseline of excavation retracting cylinder 18 outer wall surface brushings; (e) remove interim oil pipe; (f) experimental rig of adjusting is lifted to model testing cylinder, be embedded in the test soil body 17, the periphery soil body is tamped; (g) the release action oil pipe 2 of experimental rig and retraction are moved oil pipe 3 by model testing cylinder converting interface be connected with external oil pipe, all kinds of test cable also draws outside model testing cylinder by model testing cylinder converting interface; (h) experimental facilities installation.
The present embodiment experimental rig is according to after above-mentioned steps installation, can test according to following test procedure: (a) before Shaft Excavation simulation, high and a rate of advance of Shaft Excavation section is set, and high and a rate of advance is set excavation retracting cylinder 18 retracted length, speed and the corresponding oil inlet quantity of experimental rig according to Shaft Excavation section.(b) when model testing enters Shaft Excavation simulation link, in the time starting to excavate, experimental rig can be opened retraction tubing valve automatically, hydraulic oil moves oil pipe 3 by retraction and enters the rod end chamber of action tank, piston rod 19 starts to complete retraction action according to the parameter setting in advance, and then is moved upward and bounced back in retraction casing 7 by retracting cylinder bracket 10 drive excavation retracting cylinders 18.(c) displacement transducer 5 top thick sticks, along with the retraction of excavation retracting cylinder 18 can eject and touch soil excavation face successively, record excavation face lateral displacement situation automatically.(d) temperature pick up 4 can record the temperature conditions of excavation face automatically.(e) small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head 9 will Real-time Collection and is passed the anamorphic image of excavation face back.
The experimental rig of the present embodiment simulation shaft of vertical well excavation is in the time of work: utilize support column 6 as force structure, action tank drives excavation retracting cylinder 18 to move by retracting cylinder bracket 10, excavation analogue means is embedded in the test soil body 17, by bounce back simulation wellbore hole excavation of excavation retracting cylinder 18, can measure by being fixed on displacement transducer 5 in device the displacement deformation of excavation face, also can measure the temperature of excavation face, and can show in real time by small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head 9 deformation of excavation face.
The experimental rig tool of the simulation shaft of vertical well excavation of the present embodiment has the following advantages: can realize under high-pressure sealed condition Shaft Excavation is simulated; Excavation section can accurately be controlled high; Can automatically measure the lateral deformation of excavation face; Can pass in real time excavation face deformation pattern back; Can be used for carrying out freezing wall temperature field under pressure ring border, deep-well highland, frost wall and the not stable scientific experimentation research with the aspect such as distortion, frozen soilwall, shaft lining of frozen soil entirety stressing conditions, frost wall.
The present embodiment is simulated in the large-scale model experimental rig of dark Shaft Freezing: the employing high-strength bolt between upper end cover 23 and upper flange 24 and between bottom end cover 25 and lower flange 26 is connected, and respectively arranges up and down the high-strength bolt of 64 M64.Joint face between upper end cover 23 and upper flange 24 and between bottom end cover 25 and lower flange 26 adopts Seal Design, and upper and lower flange has adopted groove design, to avoid upper and lower end cap to be out of shape the seal failure that warpage causes under interior pressure effect; As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, the seal groove place of the contact surface of upper flange 24 and upper end cover 23 on upper end cover 23 and be 2 degree with respect to upper flange surface place horizontal plane downtilt angles X in the present embodiment, the seal groove place of the contact surface of lower flange 26 and bottom end cover 25 on bottom end cover and be 2 degree with respect to the lower flange face place horizontal plane angle X that is inclined upwardly, when interior pressure is 8 MPas, between upper flange 24 and upper end cover 23 and lower flange 26 and still good seal of bottom end cover 25, do not have seepage to occur.Bottom end cover 25 is provided with mould cylinder locating piece, to it is positioned in the time that mould cylinder is installed.Temperature pick up 4 adopts copper-constantan thermocouple; Soil pressure sensor 56 adopts the miniature soil pressure sensor of resistance-strain type, and pore water pressure sensor 57 adopts the miniature pore water pressure sensor of resistance-strain type; Displacement transducer 5 adopts magnetostrictive displacement sensor.
It is as follows that the present embodiment is simulated the number of assembling steps of large-scale model experimental rig of dark Shaft Freezing:
(1) low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum 44 is arranged on lower movable small end cover 33, then lower movable small end cover 33 is arranged on bottom end cover 25, tighten lower movable small end cover 33 fastening bolts;
(2) feed tube 29 (salt solution high-pressure rubber pipe pipeline) that will freeze is connected to the lower inlet opening on lower movable small end cover 33, and 44 outlets of low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum connect wired hoses, and wired hose overcoat φ 32 steel pipes do resistance to compression protection;
(3) install and split mould cylinder, mould cylinder is placed on bottom end cover 25, push against mould cylinder locating piece, brush interleaving agent splitting on mould cylinder inwall;
(4) adopt bottom-dump charging basket dress soil, gantry crane lifting charging basket is transported to mould cylinder, evenly unloads soil, successively tamps with hydraulic pressure beater;
(5) soil body height when model blocking pipe 46 position is installed, stops dress soil in mould cylinder, and lifting model blocking pipe 46, accurately locates each model blocking pipe 46, connects brine distributing ring and wired hose;
(6) continue to banket in mould cylinder, the soil body between manual compacting model blocking pipe 46, lay temperature pick up 4, soil pressure sensor 56 and pore water pressure sensor 57 in soil sample 17 certain depth and ad-hoc location (needing concrete selection and setting according to test), in compacting process, should guarantee as far as possible that sensing station is motionless, carefully arrange sensor lead, successively upwards draw, in compacting process, avoid destroying lead-in wire;
(7) in the time banketing to excavation simulation system fitting depth, will excavate simulation system and lift to soil body center, and carefully check position.Excavation retracting cylinder outer wall is smeared interleaving agent, then makes it fixing at excavation simulation system periphery earth filling tamping.
(8) continue to banket, compaction in layers, placement sensor, flush with model blocking pipe 46 top brine collecting rings until banket, connect brine collecting ring and low temperature and return liquid water knockout drum 45.
(9) remove and split mould cylinder connecting bolt, will split mould cylinder back down by jackscrew, mould cylinder is hung with gantry crane, in lifting, careful operation avoids touching soil sample;
(10) after the demoulding around soil sample 17 and end face wrap up two-layer swell soil antiseepage blanket (not shown in Fig. 5), lap-joint is bonding with swell soil clay, at swell soil antiseepage blanket external application strap, soil sample 17 is tightened;
(11) smear one deck swell soil clay 61 outward at swell soil antiseepage blanket, be wound around two-layer mesh and be more than or equal to 40 object nylon wires 60, strap is tightened, and smears one deck swell soil clay 61 outward at nylon wire again; The antiseepage effect of swell soil antiseepage blanket has greatly reduced the water yield entering in the sample soil body, and a small amount of moisture content entering is also not enough to sample to form impact, therefore can realize easily the integral high pressure of soil sample 17 is loaded; The flexibility of swell soil antiseepage blanket is large, can stretch, and tackles deformability strong; If test soil sample larger distortion or inhomogeneous distortion occurs loading under mud pressure, also self adaptation completely of swell soil antiseepage blanket, can not break or seepage, guarantees to load mud and moisture content and can not enter and test in soil sample; Even if under extreme conditions swell soil antiseepage blanket has breakage, owing to having between swell soil clay 61 and two-layer swell soil clay 61 and having nylon wire 60 at swell soil antiseepage blanket skin, dehydration at breakage along with mud, mud film deposition will be more and more thicker, and the existence of swell soil clay coating also accelerated the formation of mud film, thereby can prevent from well loading moisture content in mud and enter test soil sample; Because swell soil antiseepage blanket has the special nature of very strong self-reparing capability, make the method not be only applicable to the relatively smooth small specimen in surface and large test specimen, be also applicable to occur when thering is the large test specimen of larger compress variation and compressing the test specimen of inhomogeneous deformation.
(12) by all kinds of test leads 1, release action oil pipe 2, retraction action oil pipe 3, Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe 31 and draw from swell soil antiseepage blanket tapping, and with swell soil clay by the bonding compacting of antiseepage blanket tapping;
(13) soil bits in the seal groove on cleaning bottom end cover 25, nitrile rubber seal washer 37 is installed, the steady hoisting test cylindrical shell of gantry crane (upper flange 24, middle stack shell 22 and lower flange 26 weld together), align soil sample 17, slowly reduce test cylindrical shell, the test cylindrical shell dropping process soil sample 17 that as far as possible do not collide with, when test cylindrical shell contacts bottom end cover 25 nearly, make to test cylindrical shell flange bolt hole and bottom end cover 25 bolts hole align, insert 4～6 king-bolts, then test cylindrical shell is directly fallen to position.
(14) install movable small end cover 35 in soil sample 17 centre positions, all kinds of test leads 1, release action oil pipe 2, retraction action oil pipe 3 and test lead 1 are drawn by oil pipe connecting hole and fairlead on upper movable small end cover 35, build epoxy resin and solidify to fairlead, completing fairlead sealing;
(15) lifting upper end cover 23, aligns Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe 31 and upper movable small end cover 35, the upper end cover 23 that slowly falls, and align test cylindrical shell bolt hole, and fixing movable small end cover 35, installs and connects Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe 31 flanges;
(16) install, the whole flange bolts of bottom end cover, by all the other bolt inserting bolt holes and screw on nut, first manually fastening, then adopt bolt tensioning jack four point symmetry synchro-draw four bolts, hand Screw nut, takes same operation to each bolt successively in turn, in fastening bolt process, should take three-wheel tightening way, each bolt need carry out three stretchings, reaches test cylindrical shell and is connected with the reliable of end cap;
(17) mud feed tube 28 is connected to the mud inlet snap joint of bottom end cover 25, and locks;
(18) with refrigeration feed tube 29, low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum 44 is connected with cryostat, 42;
(19) with high-pressure oil pipe, release action oil pipe 2 is connected with Hydraulic Station 58 with retraction action oil pipe 3;
(20) test lead of various kinds of sensors 1 is connected with data acquisition unit 59;
(21) install end cap 23, atmospheric valve and blow-down pipe 30, mud pressure sensor 53 is installed.
(22) the residue backup flange interface on device is sealed with blind flange.
Utilize the present embodiment large-scale model experimental rig to simulate dark Shaft Freezing test procedure as follows:
(1) configuration bentonite slurry;
(2) set the refrigerating fluid temperature in cryostat, 42, start cryostat, 42;
(3) log-on data data acquisition and controlling system 500;
(4) set test pressure, open atmospheric valve, liquid feed valve, close pressure-supplementing valve, open high pressure slurry pump, in test cylindrical shell, inject mud, until blow-down pipe overflows after mud continuously, close atmospheric valve;
(5) utilize high pressure slurry pump to slip casting pressurization in test cylinder, point 0.5Mpa, 1Mpa, 2Mpa, 4Mpa and 5 grades of design experiment pressure successively order load, until pressure stability is closed liquid feed valve, close high pressure slurry pump,
(6) start PLC control system, open pressure-supplementing valve, the automatic acquisition test cylinder internal pressure of PLC data, as insufficient pressure is opened motor servo loading unit 41 automatically, carry out system pressurization, pressure reaches automatic disable motor servo loading unit 41 of setting pressure, carries out pressure maintenance;
(7) open refrigerating fluid liquid feed valve and return liquid valve, starting circulation pump 43, starting pit shaft freezing simulation;
(8) in the time that pit shaft freezing proceeds to excavation link, open Hydraulic Station, before Shaft Excavation simulation, the high and a rate of advance of Shaft Excavation section is set, and high and a rate of advance is set excavation retracting cylinder retracted length, speed and the corresponding oil inlet quantity of excavation simulation system according to Shaft Excavation section;
(9) when excavation simulation system enters Shaft Excavation simulation link, open retraction action tubing valve, hydraulic oil move oil pipe 3 by retraction and enters action tank, and action tank starts and a rate of advance high according to Shaft Excavation section to be completed to bounce back and move.
(10) displacement transducer 5 top thick sticks, along with the retraction of excavation retracting cylinder 18 can eject and touch soil excavation face successively, record excavation face lateral displacement situation automatically.
(11) temperature pick up 4 can record the temperature conditions of excavation face automatically.
(12) small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head 9 will Real-time Collection and is passed the anamorphic image of excavation face back.
(13) continue test, until total Test data are preserved in off-test.
Above-described embodiment is only for the invention example is clearly described, and the not restriction to the invention specific embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here without also giving exhaustive to all embodiments.And the apparent variation of being amplified out thus or variation are still among the protection domain in the invention claim.
Claims (9)
1. the large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of simulation, it is characterized in that, comprise model testing cylinder, mud loading system, hydraulic system, excavation simulation system, refrigeration system, monitoring system and acquisition and control system, excavation simulation system is positioned at soil sample, soil sample is positioned at model testing cylinder, mud loading system, hydraulic system and acquisition and control system are all positioned at outside model testing cylinder, a part of monitoring side of monitoring system is embedded in soil sample, another part monitoring side is positioned at excavation simulation system, the output of monitoring system is connected with the input of acquisition and control system, hydraulic system provides hydraulic-driven power for excavating simulation system, layer Cavity Flow conducting between mud delivery outlet and model testing cylinder inwall and the soil sample of mud loading system, refrigeration system freezes to provide circulation cryogenic liquid for soil sample.
2. the large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, model testing cylinder comprises test cylinder base, middle stack shell, upper end cover, upper flange, bottom end cover and lower flange, bottom end cover is fixedly mounted on test cylinder base, lower flange is fixedly mounted on bottom end cover, middle stack shell is fixedly mounted on lower flange, with it upper flange fixed installation intermediate cylinder, upper end cover is fixedly mounted on upper flange, and the equal coaxial welding of middle stack shell, upper flange and lower flange is installed, intermediate cylinder is provided with percolating fluid effuser with it, is separately installed with mud ftercompction pipe, mud feed tube and refrigeration feed tube on bottom end cover, is separately installed with blow-down pipe, Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe and pressure detecting pipe on upper end cover, offer First stepwise installing hole in the center of bottom end cover, the aperture, upper end of First stepwise installing hole is greater than aperture, lower end, in the upper end of First stepwise installing hole, lower movable small end cover is installed, the upper end hole convex-concave of lower movable small end cover and First stepwise installing hole is sealed and matched, on bottom end cover soffit, fixed installation is useful on the first shrouding of sealing First stepwise installing hole lower ending opening, on lower movable small end cover, offer inside and outside connecting test line fairlead and low temperature inlet opening, refrigeration feed tube is successively through the low temperature inlet opening on the first shrouding and lower movable small end cover and the low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum fluid communication that is positioned at model testing cylinder, offer second step formula installing hole in the center of upper end cover, the aperture, upper end of second step formula installing hole is less than aperture, lower end, lower end at second step formula installing hole is provided with movable small end cover, on upper movable small end cover, offer inside and outside connecting test line fairlead and hydraulic pressure oilhole, the lower stomidium convex-concave of upper movable small end cover and second step formula installing hole is sealed and matched, on upper end cover upper surface, fixed installation is useful on the second shrouding of sealing second step formula installing hole upper end open, one end and low temperature that Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe is positioned at model testing cylinder return liquid water knockout drum fluid communication.
3. the large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of simulation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, upper flange and lower flange all adopt groove design, that is: the contact surface edge of upper flange and upper end cover is downward-sloping with respect to upper flange surface place horizontal plane, and the contact surface edge of lower flange and bottom end cover is inclined upwardly with respect to lower flange face place horizontal plane.
4. the large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of simulation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, on the contact surface of upper end cover and upper flange and on the contact surface of bottom end cover and lower flange, be provided with seal groove, nitrile rubber seal washer is installed in seal groove; Between upper movable small end cover and upper end cover and between lower movable small end cover and bottom end cover, be provided with copper coin packing ring and nitrile rubber seal washer.
5. the large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of simulation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, middle stack shell and upper flange and middle stack shell and lower flange are and are welded to connect, and upper end cover is bolt with upper flange and bottom end cover with lower flange and is connected; The seal groove place of the contact surface of upper flange and upper end cover on upper end cover and be 1.5～2.5 degree with respect to upper flange surface place horizontal plane downtilt angles X, the seal groove place of the contact surface of lower flange and bottom end cover on bottom end cover and 1.5～2.5 spending with respect to the lower flange face place horizontal plane angle X that is inclined upwardly.
6. the large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of simulation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, on the upper surface of upper end cover and on the soffit of bottom end cover, be all welded with interior annular plate and outer ring floor, the diameter of a circle that interior annular plate surrounds is less than the diameter of a circle that outer ring floor surrounds, the center that interior annular plate on upper end cover and the center of circle of outer ring floor are upper end cover, the center that interior annular plate on bottom end cover and the center of circle of outer ring floor are bottom end cover, the center of upper end cover and the center of bottom end cover are all on the axis of middle stack shell; Between interior annular plate and outer ring floor and outside outer ring floor, impartial angle radial is furnished with straight floor, that is: between interior annular plate and outer ring floor, radially uniform welding has 12 straight floors, and there are 24 straight floors in the outside of outer ring floor radially uniform welding.
7. according to the large-scale model experimental rig of the arbitrary described dark Shaft Freezing of simulation of claim 2-6, it is characterized in that, mud loading system comprises mud stirring bucket, slush pump and motor servo mud loading unit, the mud input of slush pump and mud stirring bucket fluid communication, the mud output of slush pump and mud feed tube fluid communication, the control signal input of motor servo mud loading unit is connected with the control signal output of PLC, refrigeration system comprises cryostat, circulation pump, low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum, low temperature returns liquid water knockout drum and model blocking pipe, the Low Temperature Liquid outlet of cryostat, and the Low Temperature Liquid inlet fluid conducting of circulation pump, the Low Temperature Liquid outlet of circulation pump and refrigeration feed tube fluid communication, refrigeration feed tube and low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum fluid communication, low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum is embedded in soil sample and is positioned at soil sample bottom, the lower end of model blocking pipe and low temperature feed liquor water knockout drum fluid communication, the upper end of model blocking pipe is run through soil sample and is returned liquid water knockout drum fluid communication with low temperature, the low temperature that low temperature returns liquid water knockout drum returns liquid outlet and Low Temperature Liquid discharge pipe fluid communication, monitoring system comprises temperature pick up, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and displacement transducer, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and a part of temperature pick up are embedded in respectively in soil sample, and displacement transducer and another part temperature pick up are positioned at excavation simulation system, acquisition and control system comprises data acquisition unit and PC, the data output end of data acquisition unit is connected with the data input pin of PC, and the test lead of temperature pick up, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and displacement transducer is connected with the data input pin of data acquisition through the inside and outside connecting test line fairlead on upper movable small end cover.
8. according to the large-scale model experimental rig of the arbitrary described dark Shaft Freezing of simulation of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, excavation simulation system comprises bracing frame, retraction casing, excavation retracting cylinder and driving mechanism, the lower end of retraction casing is that openend, upper end are blind end, the upper end of bracing frame extend in retraction casing from the openend of retraction casing, and the upper end of bracing frame is fixedly connected with retraction casing; Driving mechanism drives and is connected with excavation retracting cylinder, and the upper end of excavation retracting cylinder is sleeved in retraction casing and can in retraction casing, pumps, and the outer wall of excavation retracting cylinder coordinates with the inner wall sealing of retraction casing; Bracing frame comprises that excavation system base and one end are fixedly mounted on the support column on excavation system base, and the top of support column is fixedly connected with the upper end capping of retraction casing; Driving mechanism is the action tank being arranged in the cavity forming between retraction casing and excavation retracting cylinder, action tank has cylinder barrel and piston rod, cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with upper end capping away from one end of piston rod, piston rod is fixedly connected with retracting cylinder bracket away from one end of cylinder barrel, and retracting cylinder bracket is fixedly connected with excavation retracting cylinder.
9. the large-scale model experimental rig of the dark Shaft Freezing of simulation according to claim 8, is characterized in that, retracting cylinder bracket is a band-like plate, and the two ends of band-like plate are fixedly mounted on respectively on the inwall of excavation retracting cylinder; On cylinder barrel external surface, be installed with sensor bracket vertical rod, the upper end of sensor bracket vertical rod is fixedly connected with cylinder barrel external surface, the lower end of sensor bracket vertical rod extends downward and is less than or equal to the downward range of piston rod free end from cylinder barrel, in sensor bracket vertical rod, be separately installed with sensor bracket from bottom to top, displacement transducer is all installed on each sensor bracket; Between the inwall of the outer wall of excavation retracting cylinder and retraction casing, be provided with O-ring seal between cylinder; In cavity between excavation retracting cylinder and retraction casing, be also respectively arranged with temperature pick up and small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head; The test lead of temperature pick up, displacement transducer and small-sized low-light illumination digital camera head is drawn from the blind end of retraction casing; Excavation retracting cylinder lower end surface is sealed and matched with the step surface on excavation system base, and between the step surface on excavation retracting cylinder lower end surface and excavation system base, be provided with base seal cushion rubber, step surface is positioned on the horizontal plane of upper surface below of excavation system base; Release action oil pipe through the retraction blind end of casing and the plunger shaft fluid communication of action tank, retraction action oil pipe is through the retraction blind end of casing and the rod end chamber fluid communication of action tank.
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| CN107085085A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-08-22 | 安徽理工大学 | Hydro-thermal power THM coupling manual pipe jacking disturbed soil grouting test device and method |
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| CN108104716A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Simulate the device of tundra drilling well |
| CN109163977A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Ground pressure and hydraulic pressure combination loading slopes wall force simulation pilot system and method |
| CN112943220A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽理工大学 | Monitoring device for freezing general profile of stratum well wall |
| CN114136178A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Device for measuring rock pipe jacking pipe external overexcavation |
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