CN103834412A - Ectopic passivating technology for multiple heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium in soil - Google Patents
Ectopic passivating technology for multiple heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103834412A CN103834412A CN201410097947.9A CN201410097947A CN103834412A CN 103834412 A CN103834412 A CN 103834412A CN 201410097947 A CN201410097947 A CN 201410097947A CN 103834412 A CN103834412 A CN 103834412A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a passivator for ectopic passivation of multiple heavy metals like Cd, Pb and Cr in soil. The passivator is prepared by uniformly mixing 55% of biological matrix (55% of organic matter, humic acid and gt), 35% of humic activated sludge, and 10% of phosphate (monopotassium phosphate) according to a proportion, wherein the application proportion is the optimal proportion obtained in experiments. 15-25% of the prepared passivator is applied into the heavy metal polluted soil (the specific application amount is determined according to the heavy metal pollution level of the soil and practical situation). For the passivation effect, the content of effective state Cd in the heavy metal polluted soil is lowered by 41.24-47.76% compared with that of a control group, the content of effective state Pb in the heavy metal polluted soil is lowered by 37.41-41.39% compared with that of the control group, and the content of effective state Cr in the heavy metal polluted soil is lowered by 40.58-43.29% compared with that of the control group. The content of heavy metal Cd in the entity of oyster mushroom grown in experiment soil is lowered by 53.97%, the content of Pb is lowered by 62.28% and the content of Cr is lowered by 43.91%, which fully proves that the passivator has extremely obvious passivation effect on multiple heavy metals. The ectopic passivating technology has the advantages that the raw materials are non-toxic and pollution-free, are easy to obtain and are rich in source, the passivator has no obvious impact on the physicochemical property of the soil and has no secondary pollution, and the passivator is simple and easy to prepare and is convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
Belong to agriculture environmental protection and recovery technique field, be specifically related to the dystopy passivating technique of the various heavy such as Cd, Pb, Cr in a kind of soil, be mainly applicable to the reparation of vast heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Background technology
Soil is one of the mankind's important natural resources of depending on for existence, is also the important component part of human ecological environment.Along with industry, the aggravation of municipal pollution and using of agriculture chemical, enter by all means soil containing the pollutent of heavy metal, cause the enrichment of corresponding heavy metal element in soil.Heavy metal contamination has the feature of disguise, chronicity and non-reversibility.Therefore, Environmental Protection in China department and government agencies at all levels have strengthened statistics and the supervision to the present situation of heavy metal content in the environment of each department, and for the different situation in each department, each stage producing in heavy metal contamination is monitored, and select to be applicable to the effective reclamation activities of this area.Heavy Metal Pollution work has become the most important thing of China environmental protection work; party and state pays much attention to heavy metal pollution problem, in " heavy metal contamination integrated control " the 12 " planning " of State Council's reply recently, explicitly points out and will about 2015, set up fairly perfect Heavy Metal Pollution system.Therefore, Heavy Metal Pollution Control technology will become the Hot Contents in heavy metal contamination field in one period from now on.
Heavy metal pollution of soil thing mainly contains lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium, copper, iron, zinc etc., though arsenic does not belong to heavy metal, all similar to heavy metal to source and harm because of its behavior, discusses therefore conventionally list heavy metal class in.In recent years, China's heavy metal pollution of soil enters to be concentrated the multiple phase, the whole nation dirty irrigated area investigation of carrying out according to the Ministry of Agriculture, in the Irrigation District of Sewage of approximately 1,400,000 hectares, suffer the land area of heavy metal contamination to account for 64.8% of Irrigation District of Sewage area, wherein slight pollution account for 46.7%, intermediate pollution account for 9.7%, severe contamination account for 8.4%.China's heavy metal pollution of soil situation has had influence on even people healthy of farmland quality, food safety.
There are a lot of research inventions both at home and abroad for the restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil at present.The Chinese invention patent that for example application number is 200910194051.1 discloses a kind of modification method of heavy-metal contaminated soil, and this modification method comprises the steps: that (1) carry out whole soil to heavy-metal contaminated soil; (2) in soil, add soil improvement agent; (3) earthing, mix after, balance 0～6 month.The modification method of the heavy-metal contaminated soil of this invention suppresses matrix oxidation by reactions such as absorption, chelating, complexings, and fixing heavy metal ion also reduces its biology toxicity; Reduce heavy metal ion diffusion and the seepage of soil or water body towards periphery.Application number is that 201210107906.4 Chinese invention patent application discloses a heavy metal species ambient cure agent and used the method for heavy metal in its curing heavy metal pollutent, it is composed of the following components by weight percentage in this heavy metal ambient cure agent: magnesium oxide 30.0%～40.0%, potassium primary phosphate 55.0%～65.0%, borax 3.5%～5.0%, ferric oxide 0.1%～0.5%, silicon-dioxide 0.1%～0.5%.The ambient cure agent of this invention is cured after processing at normal temperatures to heavy metal waste, can realize utilization of waste as resource.The existing solidifying agent for heavy-metal contaminated soil processing is mainly taking phosphoric acid salt as main, the compound solidifying agent stabilising effect of phosphoric acid salt is general, the heavy metal phosphoric acid salt forming after solidifying exists with insoluble or sl. sol. compound form, and after potential of hydrogen condition changes, heavy metal ion is easily anti-molten.
Summary of the invention
Object is to provide a kind of technology of dystopy passivation heavy metal-polluted soil, with low cost, easy and simple to handle, practical, biological safety is good, can not produce secondary pollution, be easy to promote, can be for passivation heavy metal-polluted soil time, improve soil property, aspect heavy metal pollution of soil reparation, there is potential using value.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The preparation method of dystopy passivator: this passivator is made up of bio-matrix (organic matter+humic acid >55%), humic active sludge, phosphoric acid salt, concrete proportion of composing is: bio-matrix 55% addition; Humic active sludge 35% addition; Phosphoric acid salt 10% addition.
Bio-matrix: the rape stalk after drying is ground into the long section of 2 cm with pulverizer, mixes and water permeablely, add straw decomposing inoculant, mix the circular cone buttress fermentation 25-30 days that piles bottom surface radius and ask 0.5 m thoroughly.Adjust the physicals of matrix, add perlite after a certain amount of inorganics is pulverized, slag, sand etc., the ratio of organism and inorganics in mass ratio its scope can be at 6: 4～8: 2.Matrix unit weight after mixture is 0.30 g/ cm
3～0.65 g/ cm
3.
Humic active sludge: active sludge is the organic substance that depends on of microbial population and they and the general name of inorganic substance.Microbial population mainly comprises bacterium, protozoon and algae etc.Wherein, bacterium and protozoon are two main large classes.Humus soil pellets is filled on basis in traditional active sludge, for improving activated sludge characteristics, improves its heavy metal-passivated ability.
Phosphoric acid salt: phosphatic permanent stability are better, the impact that change of external conditions produces phosphoric acid salt mineral substance is carried out passivation with phosphoric acid salt compound to heavy metal compared with minor benefit, mainly utilizes phosphoric acid salt compound to react with heavy metal and produces stable heavy metallic mineral salt; And phosphoric acid salt can effectively remove the most heavy metal ion in target product by surface adsorption mechanism and complex reaction, the present invention adopts potassium primary phosphate as one of composition of passivator.
The using method of organic/inorganic Compound Heavy Metals passivator of the present invention is:
In heavy-metal contaminated soil, apply by the addition of 15-25% the passivator (concrete applied amount is determined according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree and practical situation) preparing, then fully stir, passivator is mixed, trickle, balance 5-7 days with contaminated soil.Make this passivator by the synergy between various compositions, reach the activity that reduces heavy metal-polluted soil, can be widely used in the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
1, raw material sources are extensive, and preparation method is simple, Yi Hang, easy to use.
2, the passivator starting material Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution that the present invention uses, does not make a significant impact the physico-chemical property of soil, can not produce secondary pollution.
3, this soil heavy metal passivant, make the contaminated by heavy metals soil available Cd content 41.24-47.76% that declined compared with control group, the available state Pb content 37.41-41.39% that declined compared with control group, the available state Cr content 40.58-43.29% that declined compared with control group.In test soil, plant flat mushroom, grow the content of each heavy metal species in mushroom carpophore and reduced respectively: Cd 53.97%, Pb 62.28%, Cr 43.91%.This passivator is very remarkable for the passivation of various heavy.
The reduced rate of soil activation state heavy metal content of the present invention, calculated by formula " (1-uses soil activation state heavy metal content ÷ after product of the present invention and do not use the soil activation state heavy metal content of product of the present invention) × 100% ", in mushroom carpophore, the reduced rate of heavy metal content is to be calculated by formula " (1-uses heavy metal content in the mushroom carpophore that heavy metal content ÷ in the mushroom carpophore after product of the present invention do not use product of the present invention) × 100% ".
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but is not limitation of the present invention, all any this areas of doing according to the disclosure of invention be equal to replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
case study on implementation
Heavy metal-polluted soil passivation test:
1, heavy-metal contaminated soil is prepared, to the pure Pb (NO of top grade
3)
2, Cd (NO
3)
2, Cr (NO
3)
39H
2o is mixed with mother liquor with deionized water, adds in the agricultural land soil of taking from suburb, Chengdu common heavy-metal contaminated soil (with reference to GB15618-1995) in simulating reality environment according to different concns gradient to.Balance 6 months, waters during this time and dries 6 times, and heavy metal can be evenly distributed in soil.
2, applying of passivator:
In soil, apply by 20% addition the passivator (concrete applied amount is determined according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree and practical situation) preparing, then fully stir, passivator is mixed, trickle, balance 5-7 days with contaminated soil.
3, plantation flat mushroom
Fermented Cotton Seed Hull Compost material pack (800g, fresh weight)---(115 DEG C of autoclavings, 5 hours)---inoculation (every bag one pipe)---incubated at room temperature (treat mycelia cover with whole bacterium bag 1 month)---bacterium bag earthing (repeating 3 basins, two bags, every basin)---fruiting and gather (lasting 2 months)
4, the mensuration of data and test-results
The test soil available Cd content 41.24-47.76% that declined compared with control group, the available state Pb content 37.41-41.39% that declined compared with control group, the available state Cr content 40.58-43.29% that declined compared with control group.Growing the content of each heavy metal species in mushroom carpophore has reduced respectively: Cd 53.97%, Pb 62.28%, Cr 43.91%.This passivator is very remarkable for the passivation of various heavy.
Claims (3)
1. the passivator for various heavy such as dystopy passivation soil Cd, Pb, Cr, its feature applies by the addition of 15-25% the passivator (concrete applied amount is determined according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree and practical situation) preparing in heavy-metal contaminated soil, then fully stir, passivator is mixed with contaminated soil, trickle, balance 5-7 days, make this passivator by the synergy between various compositions, can be widely used in the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil.
2. be repeatedly to verify by testing the optimal application ratio obtaining according to the raw-material applicating ratio of the passivator described in claim 1, with bio-matrix (organic matter+humic acid >55%) 55%, humic active sludge 35%, phosphoric acid salt (potassium primary phosphate) 10% mixes in proportion.
3. according to the passivator described in claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that: utilize bio-matrix and humic active sludge passivation heavy metal in soil.
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| CN201410097947.9A CN103834412A (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Ectopic passivating technology for multiple heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium in soil |
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| CN201410097947.9A CN103834412A (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Ectopic passivating technology for multiple heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium in soil |
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| CN104190702A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 广西地源之本肥业有限公司 | Treatment method for contaminated soil |
| CN105567249A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 山西民基生态环境工程股份有限公司 | Chemical repairing agent for farmland soil Cd pollution |
| CN106381153A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 江苏宏标科技有限公司 | Soil passivating agent used for repairing heavy metal soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106967440A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-21 | 东南大学 | Medicament and production and application method suitable for repairing Compound Heavy Metals soil |
| CN107418589A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-01 | 惠安县泰达商贸有限责任公司 | A kind of nutritional agents of rehabilitating soil pollution of chromium and its preparation method and application |
| CN107523306A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-29 | 成都恒滋锐环保科技有限公司 | Reduce the chemical inactivators of heavy metal and its application in soil |
| CN113416012A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-21 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing curing agent by using concrete waste residues |
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| CN104190702A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 广西地源之本肥业有限公司 | Treatment method for contaminated soil |
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| CN106967440A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-21 | 东南大学 | Medicament and production and application method suitable for repairing Compound Heavy Metals soil |
| CN106967440B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2020-09-11 | 东南大学 | Medicament suitable for repairing composite heavy metal polluted soil and production and use methods thereof |
| CN107418589A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-01 | 惠安县泰达商贸有限责任公司 | A kind of nutritional agents of rehabilitating soil pollution of chromium and its preparation method and application |
| CN107523306A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-29 | 成都恒滋锐环保科技有限公司 | Reduce the chemical inactivators of heavy metal and its application in soil |
| CN113416012A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-21 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing curing agent by using concrete waste residues |
| CN113416012B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-08-26 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing curing agent by using concrete waste residues |
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