CN103830023A - 用于腰椎的椎体间融合的可扩张支架 - Google Patents

用于腰椎的椎体间融合的可扩张支架 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103830023A
CN103830023A CN201310608041.4A CN201310608041A CN103830023A CN 103830023 A CN103830023 A CN 103830023A CN 201310608041 A CN201310608041 A CN 201310608041A CN 103830023 A CN103830023 A CN 103830023A
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support
support arm
expansion member
aforementioned
main body
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CN201310608041.4A
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CN103830023B (zh
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马丁·帕布斯特
L·塔迪亚
T·潘多夫
马库斯·斯皮则伯格
克里斯托弗·科尔布伦纳
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Jinniu Co ltd
Simbond Technology Medical Co ltd
Simbond Technology Spine Co ltd
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Spontech Spine Intelligence AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于腰椎的椎体间融合的可扩张支架,其包括带有两个可扩张且平行的支臂的细长主体。每个支臂具有指向外侧并且被配置为接触相邻椎体的支撑表面、指向内侧并且沿所述主体的横向方向延伸的凹槽,以及指向内侧并且沿所述主体的纵向方向延伸的通道。扩张元件在器械的致动下将支臂挤压分开从而使支架扩张。扩张元件布置在支臂之间并且包括圆柱形的基体、附接于所述基体并且沿所述主体的纵向方向延伸的两个相对且径向对齐的肋,以及矩形板。基体和肋均具有弯曲、成对且相对的支承表面。取决于支架的扩张状态,基体的支承表面或者肋的支承表面与在支臂中提供的通道接触,同时矩形板啮合在支臂的凹槽中。

Description

用于腰椎的椎体间融合的可扩张支架
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2012年11月26号提交的德国专利申请10 2012 023 042.7的优先权,该较早申请的全部公开内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于腰椎的椎体间融合(intercorporal fusion)的支架(cage)。
本发明涉及的技术领域是脊柱手术。为了治疗具有腰椎脊柱退化性改变的人,在治疗中进行单区段或多区段融合,但在旨在神经结构的降压的情况中,能够介入但无需额外的经腹部进入的两种手术技术被证实尤其有效。在所谓的PLIF技术(后路腰椎椎体间融合)中,两个所谓的支架(或融合器)优选地通过后路进入而被植入每个椎间隙。植入的支架在椎间空间内用作占位器(placeholders)并且如外科医生所期望地恢复相邻椎体的空间。另外,通过后路施加的螺杆系统椎骨从而稳定在固定位置。称为TLIF(经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合)的第二种手术技术是由PLIF手术技术进一步发展而得到的手术方法。在其过程中,单个支架经背外侧进入而植入。利用该技术同样获得后路的稳定。两种手术技术的目的均是实现感染区段的融合、即骨质连接。这可以通过添加合成的或者生物骨替代材料来改进。支架通常由金属或塑料材料制成。
背景技术
对于这两种手术方法,现有技术公开了在纵截面上是近似梯形或者是楔形且矩形横截面的支架,该支架通过其形状矫正脊柱的弯曲。所述类型的可扩张支架是已知的,并且支架提供了由于其小的进入高度而能够相对容易地插入的优势。
专利EP1290985B1公开了这种类型的可扩张支架,在其内侧具有用于使支架扩张的扩张元件,其中在具有成角度的滑动表面的滑动轨道上可移动的的间隔盘(spacer disc)能够被插入,从而使得取决于间隔元件插入的深度,支架扩张至不同的角度直至由突出或台阶部形成的结束位置。
虽然这种已知的支架由于其可扩张性提供了上述优点,然而将间隔盘插入直至所述的结束位置以扩张支架的必要步骤很复杂并且需要在外科医生较高的能力和技能。当支架仅仅半扩张时,间隔元件位于支架的中心,前端突出并且并不能保证可靠的载荷转移。另外,间隔盘必须被主动引导以防止倾斜。对于清楚地控制要实现的扩张的角度以及监控结束位置是否已经可靠到达是同样困难的。
专利DE 101 13 689 C1公开了一种通用的可扩张支架,其避免了上述的支架的扩张受安装在其前端的可旋转扩张元件影响的缺点。为此,该支架具有两个大体上相互平行延伸的支臂,该支臂在椎体外侧形成了用于相邻椎体的支撑表面并且通过桥接的方式在一端连接。在支臂的各个端部有中间椭圆形扩张元件,该扩张元件啮合在支臂的端部并且可围绕平行于支臂延伸的旋转轴线旋转。这使得支臂可根据扩张元件的角位置而以更大或更小程度扩张。在支架的非扩张状态下,具有更小曲率半径的扩张元件的外表面靠置在支臂的椭圆形剪切部中。在扩张状态下,具有更大曲率半径的扩张元件的外表面各自位于支臂的凹部中,外表面通过小的台阶部被界定在两侧。扩张元件可以从外侧插入至两个支臂中的凹槽形凹部中,从而使得扩张元件以这种方式避免位移地固定在轴向方向。
虽然以这种方式可以实现将支架更加简便并更加快速的调节至扩张位置,但在扩张状态下扩张元件和支臂之间受限制的接触表面意味着载荷支承能力很低,特别是当经受载荷时,因为无法可靠地防止扩张元件围绕旋转轴线旋转以及防止支臂围绕与该旋转轴线平行的轴线倾斜。
专利US 6,723,128 B2公开了一种具有可旋转扩张元件的单体式构建案的可扩张支架,扩张元件在两个支臂之间平齐的包含在插入开口并且扩张元件上的各个支撑支臂的接触表面变宽从而能够更大的转移载荷。但是当经受载荷时,由于与支架的宽度相比,横断支架纵向轴线的接触表面的宽度要小,支臂仍然可能围绕与支架纵向轴线平行的轴线倾斜。同样无法排除扩张元件本身围绕与支架纵向轴线垂直的横向轴线倾斜的可能性。扩张路径收到限制。
专利EP 1 233 732 B1公开了一种带有两个可扩张支臂的可扩张支架,支臂视需要以铰链式的方式彼此相连接并且具有位于其之间的可旋转扩张元件。在优选的形式中,板形的扩张元件具有对角为圆角的改进的矩形或长棱形形式,从而当支架从非扩张状态转变至扩张状态时有利于扩张元件的旋转并且在该过程中防止相邻椎体大量的过度撑开(over distraction)。扩张元件在两个可扩张支臂的引导下保持且引导。虽然这里的扩张元件同样可能围绕与支架纵向轴线垂直的横向轴线倾斜,但是通过支臂复杂的稳定部分壁结构防止了支臂围绕与支架纵向轴线平行的轴线的倾斜。这些不仅增加了支臂的刚度同时还对允许支架中的最大可能侧向凹部作了限制,这有利于改进的放射渗透。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于腰椎的椎体间融合的可扩张支架,所述支架能够简单并且迅速地被带入扩张状态并且同时确保高的且可靠的载荷转移。
通过一种用于腰椎的椎体间融合的可扩张支架实现本目的,所述支架包括细长的主体,所述主体包括以至少大体上彼此平行方式延伸的两个可扩张支臂。每个支臂具有指向外侧并且被配置为接触相邻椎体的支撑表面、指向内侧并且沿所述主体的横向方向延伸的凹槽,以及指向内侧并且沿所述主体的纵向方向延伸的通道。所述主体另外包括桥形连接部分,所述桥形连接部分连接所述支臂从而使得所述主体具有至少大体上U形的轮廓并且使得所述支臂具有两个自由端部,其中所述桥形连接部分具有开口,所述开口配置为接收用于扩张所述支架的器械。所述主体另外包括扩张元件,所述扩张元件被配置为如果所述扩张元件被所述器械致动,则将所述支臂挤压分开从而使所述支架扩张。所述扩张元件位于所述支臂的自由端部并且可旋转的安装在所述支臂之间。所述扩张元件包括细长的基体、附接于所述基体并且沿所述主体的纵向方向延伸的两个相反且径向对齐的肋以及矩形板。所述矩形板连接至所述基体、具有圆的边缘并且具有短侧边,在支架的扩张状态和非扩张状态下,所述侧边均与在所述支臂中提供的凹槽啮合。所述扩张元件另外包括驱动装置,所述驱动装置位于所述扩张元件的后侧,指向所述桥形连接部并且被配置为建立与所述器械的可释放的连接部。所述基体和所述肋均具有弯曲、成对且相反的支承表面,并且取决于所述支架的扩张状态,所述基体的所述支承表面或者所述肋的所述支承表面与在所述支臂中提供的所述通道接触。
为了将所述支架从非扩张状态快速调节为扩张状态借助于合适的器械而只需简单的90度旋转,反之亦然,除此之外,特别的优势在于在两种状态下在所述扩张元件之间存在相对细长且相互正交的接触表面以及存在支撑所述椎体的所述支臂,这不仅保证了较高的载荷转移,同时防止了在载荷下所述扩张元件的倾斜。在两种状态下同样防止了所述扩张元件在相对于所述支架的纵向方向和横向方向上的位移。
通过从后路和前路驱动所述扩张元件的选择可以实现另外的优势,在该情况中有利地可以将从前部驱动作为对于翻修手术的紧急驱动。为了提高的放射研究,所述支架可以具有开放的侧壁。
所述驱动装置可以被配置为建立与所述器械的多齿连接部,并且特别地所述驱动装置可以包括六角(hexalobular)插口。
所述扩张元件可以包括另外的驱动装置,所述另外的驱动装置位于所述扩张元件的前侧,远离所述桥形连接部指向并且被配置为建立与校正工具的可释放的连接部,其中所述另外的驱动元件具有穿过所述基体的中心孔和两个凹槽,所述两个凹槽从所述中心孔突出,在所述肋的方向上延伸并且具有小于所述孔的直径的宽度。在所述支臂中提供的凹槽可以具有基底表面,在所述支架的扩张状态下,所述矩形板的短侧边靠置在所述基底表面上。
珠状的凹部可以在所述矩形板的所述短侧边中居中地形成,并且互补的抬高部分可以在所述凹槽的所述基底表面中居中地形成。这种构造导致了对处于扩张状态中的所述支架有利的附加锁定。
所述板可以具有侧向凹口,所述凹口被配置为通过使用成像技术能够控制所述扩张元件在所述支架中的精确定位。这能够借助于成像步骤来控制所述扩张元件在所述支架中的有利位置而无需调整器械。
所述支臂可以包括侧向钩,所述钩被配置为防止所述扩张元件弹出至错误位置。
在所述桥形连接部的所述开口包括具有光滑表面的第一圆柱形部分和具有螺纹表面的第二圆柱形部分。由此,实现了在器械上的可靠附接,并且同时产生了用于引入合成骨质的开口。
所述桥形连接部可以与所述支臂整体构建从而使得所述主体为单体式。所述支架的主体的单体式构造能够简化制造。通过相对薄的可变形支臂区域例如借助于椭圆形铸造部分可以实现对于弹性可扩张支臂的需求,从而形成了以可能的最大程度扩张的侧向侧边并且能够改进放射渗透。
所述桥形连接部可以包括在所述支臂之间形成的一个或两个铰链式接头。这导致了在不同载荷引入的情况中所述支臂相对小的偏转。
每个支臂的所述支撑表面可以具有沿所述主体纵向方向的弯曲部和在所述支臂自由端的引入斜面。每个支臂的所支撑表面可以设有齿部,所述齿部被配置为将所述支架锚固在所述相邻的椎体中。由于这种构造,提高了对椎体形状的适应,实现了支架更加简便的插入,以及产生了主要锚固。
每个支臂可以在平面视图中具有平行四边形的形状、矩形的形状或者具有不同长度侧边以及两个直角的四边形形状。这些基本的形状产生了对于所述不同手术技术有利的构造。
所述支臂的开口提供了作为骨渗透二次锚固方式的一种选择。
适于支臂不同弯曲载荷的不同形状的垂直开口能随意实现最大的骨渗透。例如,每个支臂可以设有朝桥形连接部变小的开口,或者设有多个具有以相互平行方式布置的插槽形状的开口,或者设有具有矩形形状的开口。
所述扩张元件的所有外侧角和边缘可以被圆钝化或者设有倒圆。这导致了所述支架的有利构造。
附图说明
参考下面的详细说明并结合附图,可以更加容易地理解本发明的多种特征及其优点,附图中:
图1示出了穿过根据本发明支架的单体式主体的水平内侧纵截面,其中扩张元件在下部支臂插入在扩张位置;
图2示出了根据图1的扩张元件的前视图;
图3示出了根据图1的支架处于部分扩张状态;
图4示出了根据图3的支架处于扩张状态;
图5示出了穿过根据图4的支架的水平内侧纵截面,所述支架带有被连接的器械;
图6示出了穿过根据图4的支架的垂直内侧纵截面,所述支架处于非扩张状态;
图7示出了穿过根据图4的支架的垂直内侧纵截面,所述支架处于非扩张状态;
图8以侧向非扩张视图示出了根据图4的支架的主体;
图9a-9d以平面图示出了根据本发明的可替代实施例的不同基本形状;
图10a-10f示出了垂直凹部的不同形式;
图11a-11f示出了带有一个或两个铰链形接头的支架;
图12a-12g示出了扩张元件的不同实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出了穿过根据本发明的支架(1)的单体式主体(2)的水平内侧纵截面,其中扩张元件(3)在下部支臂(18)的扩张位置插入。扩张元件(3)具有可旋转的细长圆柱形的基体(4),在基体(4)后端、具有倒圆的边缘且在支架(1)的纵向方向延伸的矩形板(5)形成为一个整体。其上的各个径向支承表面(9)终止于矩形板(5)的较短窄边(33)的两个相反的整体肋(8),从板(5)构建至扩张元件(3)基体(4)的前端。肋(8)的宽度几乎达到了圆柱形基体(4)的直径。各个矩形凹槽(10)包含于肋(8)中从而使得该凹槽平行于矩形板(5)的较短窄边(33)延伸并且侧向表面与板(5)的前上表面重合。在扩张元件(3)的扩张位置,成对且彼此相反的弯曲支承表面(9)在通道(26)中延伸,通道(26)在支架(1)的纵向方向上延伸并且存在于支臂(18)的内侧。在基体(4)的后部中,扩张元件(3)具有六角插口(12图4),该插口可从后路进入并且用于旋转扩张元件(3)。
如图2所示,扩张元件(3)具有中心孔(11)。对于改进的修改,两个凹槽(14)包含于扩张元件(3)的前表面,所述凹槽在肋(8)的方向上延伸且在支承表面(9)之前的较短距离处结束,并且具有小于孔(11)直径的宽度。该凹槽并且连续穿过基体,即其深度受到限制。
从图3特别是图4可以看出,支架(1)的主体(2)在内侧纵截面上具有大体上U形的轮廓,其中其前端是开放的。两个近似相互平行延伸的可扩张支臂(18)通过桥形连接部(15)彼此相连接,每个支臂用作用于相邻椎体的支撑表面(32)。在示出的示例中,桥形连接部(15)是与支臂(18)形成为一个整体以产生单体式主体(2)的直接连接部。然而,如图11所示,对于所述两个支臂(18)还可以通过桥形连接部利用一个或两个铰链形的接头彼此相连接。
连接部(15)具有用于插入器械的中心开口(16)。开口(16)在后端形成为圆柱形以便之后逐渐合并到螺纹中(17,图4)。支臂(18)的厚度朝中心减小以在内侧纵截面产生椭圆形开口。在前端,当支架(1)未被扩张时(图6),支臂(18)增厚至间隙(19),该间隙由支臂(18)形成且具有与肋(8)的宽度相当的开口尺寸。从间隙(19)中可看出,在支臂(18)的增厚端具有相反的凹槽(20),板(5)啮合在该凹槽中从而使得扩张元件(3)固定在支架(1)的纵向方向。圆柱形通道(26)中心地包含于支臂(18)的增厚端,其中该通道的半径等于基体(4)的肋(8)上支承表面(9)的半径。在内侧纵截面的通道(26)的长度被标注以便保持腹板(27)使得该腹板啮合在扩张元件(3)的凹槽(10)中并且与板(5)接触。
在支架(1)的非扩张状态下,肋(8)横向布置并且主体(2)未被扩张。基体(4)的圆柱形侧向表面广泛地位于支臂(18)的增厚端的通道(26)中。构建为支撑表面(32)的支臂(18)的外侧(31)设有成型部(21)(图3)。
在扩张状态下,从后路侧看出,图4示出了带有主体(2)以及扩张元件(3)的支架(1)。在扩张元件(3)中清晰地示出了侧向凹口(28),其可用于放射位置控制。另外示出了开口(16)和螺纹(17)。
因为连接部(15)以整体的形式合并到支臂(18)中,该结构由于在纵向方向上延伸的支架(1)的开放侧能够使得侧向凹部尽可能的大,因为这保证了最佳可能的放射渗透。在扩张过程中支臂(18)的变形能力是必要的。该变形能力由支臂(18)的几何设计进一步提升。
防止扩张元件(3)弹出至错误位置的小的钩(25)在支臂(18)的增厚端一侧构建。
器械(29)附接于支架(1)或者连接部(15),这在图5中示出并且该附接被设计使得在支架(1)中无需额外的凹部。为此,管(3)旋拧至螺纹(17)从而以抗扭方式将器械(29)连接至支架(1),倾斜延伸的连接部(15)有利于防止扭曲。管(30)也可以被用于将优选为合成骨质引入支架(1)。
图6以内侧竖直纵截面示出了非扩张支架(1),其被包含于椎体之间。基体(4)的支承表面位于各自的通道(26)中。板(5)以其较长窄边(33)啮合在凹槽(20)中。为了将支架(1)移动至扩张状态,借助于尖端处带六角、可以被插入六角插口(12)的合适工具(未示出),扩张元件(3)只需旋转90度。本实施例使两个方向的旋转成为可能以便该扩张通过反向旋转90度并且进一步90度的旋转而被逆转。
图7以内侧竖直纵截面示出了扩张支架(1)。在该位置,肋的弯曲支承表面(9)与通道(26)广泛接触并且同时板(5)以其较短窄边平直地位于凹槽(20)中。这以最大可能的T形支承表面保证了可靠的非倾斜载荷转移。图7另外还示出了凹槽(14),在修改OP的过程中,在必要时,合适的工具可以啮合在该凹槽中以将扩张元件(3)从前部移开。同样示出了用于可旋转地驱动扩张元件(3)的背部装置(12)。
图8以侧向非扩张视图示出了根据图4的支架(1)的创造性主体(2)。形成支撑表面(32)的支臂(18)的外侧(31)在支架(1)的纵向方向略微弯曲。在支臂(18)前端的每种情况中还示出了引入斜面(38)。为了主要锚固的目的,齿部(21)位于前端并且在支撑表面(32)的背部区域。
图9a-d以平面图示出了根据本发明的支架的多种基本形状。图9a示出了例如以平行四边形为形式的基本形状。在利用成角度的插入和定位的椎间孔手术技术中,由于支架(1)大致在椎体的边缘区域处终止,这保证了改进的载荷转移。图9b示出了可能的矩形基本形状。图9c示出了基本形状还可以是具有不同长度侧边的多边形,其中在短侧边存在两个直角。图9d示出了支臂(18)主要为椭圆形的基本形状,这特别是在插入支架时有利于低侵害性的介入。另外示出了在支臂(18)上布置齿部(21)的多种选择。
图10a-f示出了在支臂(18)中多种形式的垂直凹部(24),该凹部用于与作为二次锚固的骨质融合。在图10a中,凹部(24)被构建为以大体上部分椭圆形的形式朝向后路变小的窗口(39)。在图10b中,存在以插槽(44)为形式的凹部(24),插槽在相互平行延伸的列中延伸,其中每一列有两个或三个插槽。如图10c所示,垂直凹部(24)也可以被构建为大体上矩形的窗口(42)。图10d示出了在多个相互平行延伸的列中的一种形式的凹部,该凹部包含在支架(1)的纵向方向上如矩阵一样布置的连续孔(41)。如图10e所示,凹部可以由三个具有相等长度且在支架(1)的纵向方向相互平行延伸的通孔(40)构成。图10f示出了在支臂(18)的纵向边侧包括成对的侧向剪切部(43)。
图11a-c和图11d-f示出了带有一个或两个铰链形接头(36)的支架(1),每个铰链包括两个相对于开口(16)侧向安装的可旋转连接部。图11a示出了在非扩张状态下带有一个铰链形接头(36)的支架(1)。图11b以连接部(15)的局部部分示出了支架(1),该连接部存在于铰链形接头(36)的可旋转连接部之间。清晰地示出了用于将器械连接至支架(1)的开口(16)和螺纹(17)。图11c示出了扩张状态下的支架(1)。有利地,连接部(15)转换为接头(36)。图11d示出了在非扩张状态下带有两个铰链形接头(36)的支架(1)。图11e以连接部(15)的局部部分示出了支架(1),该连接部存在于铰链形接头(36)的可旋转连接部之间。同样清晰地示出了开口(16)和螺纹(17)。图11f示出了扩张状态下的支架(1)。有利地,连接部(15)形成用于垂直叠加两个接头的可旋转连接部的共用基底。两种变形在主体的单体式设计中的有利之处在于在扩张过程中支臂(18)变形更少。
图12a-g示出了在本发明范围之内的多种扩张元件(3),该扩张元件在后部部分和前部部分均具有用于可旋转驱动的装置。
图12a示出了例如在图1所示出的扩张元件(3),但是用于可旋转地驱动支架(1)的装置这里作了改变。
图12b中的扩张元件(3)特征在于在细长基体(4)两端的两个矩形板(5),所述两个矩形板具有相同的尺寸。支承表面(9)并非在较短边侧(33)的表面上终止。六角插口(12)包含于每个板(5)中。
根据图12c的扩张元件(3)特征在于在矩形板(5)的较短窄边(33)的珠状的凹部(34),该凹部用于改进支架扩张状态的锁定。
图12d示出了带有两个具有相等尺寸板的扩张元件(3),其中支承表面(9)在较短窄边(33)的表面终止以产生平直位于平面的H形支承。
与根据图12b的扩张元件相比,根据图12e的扩张元件(3)不同在于用于改进锁定的额外的珠状的凹部(34)被包含在板(5)的两个较短窄边(33)中,凹部的深度一直延伸到支承表面(9)的高度处。
图12f示出了与图12e相似的扩张元件(3),不同在于板(5)的一个在高度和宽度上超越另一个而突出。
图12g示出了一种扩张元件(3),其中该扩张元件(3)的外侧角和边缘被圆钝或具有倒圆。
图12f和图12g在扩张元件(3)的后部部分以及前部部分处的六角插口(12),在六角插口之间示出了各自的挡圈(23),该挡圈另外用于防止内部故障。
图12e示出了一种扩张元件(3),其中六角插口(12)是从前部部分至后部部分的连续结构。
所有示出的实施例有利地确保了相应的支架(1)可靠并且防止倾斜地锁定在扩张状态,在该情况中,根据图12a-g不言而喻地,支臂(18)的增厚端每一个均适于扩张元件(3)。该位置在每种情况中借助于交叉布置的凹槽(20)和通道(26)被可靠地固定。
附图标记清单
1     支架
2     主体
3     扩张元件
4     基体
5     板
6     边缘
7     倒圆
8     肋
9     支承表面
10    凹槽
11    孔
12    六角插口
13    (自由)
14    凹槽
15    连接部
16    开口
17    螺纹
18    支臂
19    间隙
20    凹槽
21    齿部
22    支撑表面
23    挡圈
24    凹部
25    钩
26    通道
27    腹板
28    凹口
29    器械
30    管
31    支臂外侧
32    支撑表面
33    板的窄边
34    珠状的凹部
36    铰链形接头
37    弯曲部
38    引入斜面
39    部分椭圆形的窗口
40    通孔
41    孔
42    矩形窗口
43    侧向剪切部
44    插槽

Claims (23)

1.一种用于腰椎的椎体间融合的可扩张支架(1),包括:
-细长的主体,所述主体包括:
--以至少大体上彼此平行方式延伸的两个可扩张支臂(18),其中每个支臂具有
--指向外侧并且被配置为接触相邻椎体的支撑表面(32),
--指向内侧并且沿所述主体的横向方向延伸的凹槽(20),和
--指向内侧并且沿所述主体的纵向方向延伸的通道;
--桥形连接部分(15),所述桥形连接部分连接所述支臂(18)从而使得在中间的纵向部分中,所述主体具有至少大体上U形的轮廓并且使得所述支臂具有两个自由端部,其中所述桥形连接部分(15)具有开口(16),所述开口配置为接收用于扩张所述支架(1)的器械;
-扩张元件(3),所述扩张元件被配置为如果所述扩张元件被所述器械致动,则将所述支臂(18)挤压分开从而使所述支架(1)扩张,其中所述扩张元件(3)
--位于所述支臂(18)的自由端部并且可旋转地安装在所述支臂(18)之间,
--包括细长的基体(4)、附接于所述基体并且沿所述主体的纵向方向延伸的两个相反且径向对齐的肋(8)以及矩形板(5),所述矩形板(5)
---连接至所述基体,
---具有圆的边缘(6)并且
---具有短侧边(33),在支架(1)的非扩张状态和扩张状态下,所述短侧边均与设置在所述支臂(18)中的所述凹槽(20)啮合;
其中所述扩张元件(3)另外包括驱动装置,所述驱动装置位于所述扩张元件的后侧,指向所述桥形连接部并且被配置为建立与所述器械的可释放的连接部,
并且所述基体(4)和所述肋(8)均具有弯曲、成对且相反的支承表面(9),并且其中,取决于所述支架(1)的扩张状态,所述基体(4)的所述支承表面(9)或者所述肋(8)的所述支承表面与设置在所述支臂(18)中的所述通道(26)接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的支架,其中所述基体(4)具有圆柱形形状。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的支架,其中所述驱动装置被配置为建立与所述器械的多齿连接部。
4.根据权利要求3所述的支架,其中所述驱动装置包括六角插口(12)。
5.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中所述扩张元件(3)包括另外的驱动装置,所述另外的驱动装置位于所述扩张元件的前侧,远离所述桥形连接部指向并且被配置为建立与校正工具的可释放的连接部,其中所述另外的驱动元件具有穿过所述基体的中心孔(11)和两个凹槽(14),所述两个凹槽从所述中心孔突出、在所述肋(8)的方向上延伸并且具有小于所述孔(11)的直径的宽度。
6.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中设置在所述支臂(18)中的所述凹槽(20)具有基底表面,在所述支架的扩张状态下,所述矩形板(5)的短侧边靠置在所述基底表面上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的支架,其中珠状的凹部(34)在所述矩形板(5)的所述短侧边(33)中居中地形成,并且互补的抬高部分在所述凹槽(20)的所述基底表面中居中地形成。
8.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中所述板(5)具有侧向凹口,所述侧向凹口被配置为能够通过使用成像技术控制所述扩张元件(3)在所述支架(1)中的精确定位。
9.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中所述支臂包括侧向钩(25),所述侧向钩(25)被配置为防止所述扩张元件弹出至错误位置。
10.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中所述桥形连接部(15)的所述开口(16)包括具有光滑表面的第一圆柱形部分和具有螺纹表面的第二圆柱形部分(17)。
11.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中所述桥形连接部(15)与所述支臂(18)整体构建从而使得所述主体为单体式。
12.根据权利要求1至10中的任一项所述的支架,其中所述桥形连接部(15)包括在所述支臂(18)之间形成的铰链式接头(36)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的支架,其中所述桥形连接部(15)包括两个在所述支臂(18)之间形成的铰链式接头(36)。
14.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂(18)的所述支撑表面(32)具有沿所述主体纵向方向的弯曲部(37)以及在所述支臂(18)的自由端部(38)处的引入斜面(38),并且每个支臂(18)的所述支撑表面设有齿部(21),所述齿部(21)被配置为将所述支架锚固在相邻的椎体中。
15.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂在平面视图中具有平行四边形的形状。
16.根据权利要求15所述的支架,其中每个支臂在平面视图中具有矩形的形状。
17.根据权利要求1至14中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂在平面视图中具有四边形的形状,所述四边形具有不同长度的侧边和两个直角。
18.根据权利要求1至14中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂在平面视图中具有椭圆形的形状。
19.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂(18)设有朝所述桥形连接部变小的开口(24)。
20.根据权利要求1至18中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂(18)设有多个具有插槽(44)形状的开口,所述插槽(44)以相互平行的方式布置。
21.根据权利要求1至18中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂(18)设有多个具有矩形(42)形状的开口。
22.根据权利要求1至18中的任一项所述的支架,其中每个支臂(18)设有多个具有孔(41)形状的开口。
23.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的支架,其中所述扩张元件(3)的所有外侧角和边缘被圆钝化或者设有倒圆(7)。
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