CN103824136A - MES (Manufacturing Execution System) dynamic workshop scheduling and manufacturing execution system - Google Patents
MES (Manufacturing Execution System) dynamic workshop scheduling and manufacturing execution system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an MES (Manufacturing Execution System) dynamic workshop scheduling and manufacturing execution system. According to the system, a planning layer, a control layer and an MES are integrated on the basis of the MES, the production capability and the load are averaged under an existing production condition, the production period is shortened and articles being processed are reduced, so that the aim of improving the economic benefits is finally realized. The timeliness of information of the MES can meet the requirements of rapid change of production operation very well; the scientificity of enterprise production scheduling and a workshop operation informationalized level can be improved; meanwhile, the change of the market and the processing process can be rapidly reflected in time and the corresponding adjustment is carried out, so that the operation efficiency of the system is improved. On the basis, the workshop production scheduling is visually modeled and simulated by using Witness; a simulation model is established and the simulation analysis is carried out so as to carry out analogue simulation and data statistics on each scheme; the contrastive analysis is carried out on related data of each set of machinery equipment and each product and corresponding data before improvement so as to realize the optimization of workshop scheduling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Job-Shop field, relate in particular to a kind of MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system.
Background technology
Manufacturing execution system (Manufacturing Execution System, MES) as the management information system towards Workshop Production, it is the bridge between enterprise plan management layer and Shop floor control bottom, and Workshop Production scheduling is the nucleus module of MES system, be directly connected to enterprise's production, operation and management efficiency.Solve job shop scheduling problems (Job Shop Scheduling Problem, be called for short JSSP) there is complicacy, dynamic random and multiobject feature, production scheduling mainly solves the optimum arrangements of resource and plan, for plan is carried out and control provides guidance, directly production control stable and carrying out in order.Good production scheduling can solve the interference in production in advance, shortens the flowing time of product in workshop, reduces Work in Process, guarantees punctual delivery.In various in production task, dynamic changeable environment, simple craft scheduling seems that poor efficiency is even helpless.There is larger limitation in traditional dispatching method, for example, be difficult to set up the mathematical model under accurate constraint condition, and to ask the optimum solution time is to be with problem scale the NP-hard problem that index doubly increases.In recent years, along with the setting-up and development of various New Subjects and optimisation technique, many new optimization methods have been there are.These optimization methods organically combine, and have a good application prospect.
At present, traditional Production Scheduling System exists many problems, as poor in stability of the production process, lacks flexibility etc.Because key-course and dispatch layer are independently to separate, in scheduling process, lack necessary field data, scheduling result is difficult to certain realistic condition of production, when the condition of production changes, can not carry out in real time reschedule.Plan layer is separated with key-course, and key-course can not be in time will may occur in production run or oneself deviation information of the disengaging plan through occurring informs plan layer, causes plan layer can not accomplish real-time correction, can not realize the object of dynamic Real-Time Scheduling.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system, be intended to solve traditional Production Scheduling System because key-course and dispatch layer are independently to separate, in scheduling process, lack necessary field data, scheduling result is difficult to certain realistic condition of production, when changing, the condition of production can not carry out in real time reschedule, plan layer is separated with key-course, key-course can not be in time will may occur in production run or oneself deviation information of the disengaging plan through occurring informs plan layer, cause plan layer can not accomplish real-time correction, can not realize the object problem of dynamic Real-Time Scheduling.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system comprises plan layer, MES layer, key-course; MES layer connects plan layer and key-course; MES layer is submitted productive capacity, material consumption, labour and production line runnability to, is carried out at deposit position and state, the actual order of goods to plan layer; Move to key-course issue production ordering control and relevant production line the various parameters that need, MES layer is respectively by the actual motion state that is subject to the medium-term and long-term plans of plan layer and the data acquisition equipment of key-course simultaneously;
Described plan layer is responsible for processing order management, stock's control, is answered receipt on account, should pay a bill management, purchasing management, produces MPS (MPS), MRP (MRP) and other document, comprises the work sheet that Workshop Production is required;
Described MES layer comprises production schedules, production scheduling, equipment control, quality management, material tracking, process management, data management, data analysis function module; The implementation that management product is produced, productive capacity take min or h as unit balance entirety, manufacture process to product is followed the tracks of, between plan layer and key-course, carry out bi-directional information, due date, production technology restriction, production sequence optimization are considered, formulate production schedules, carry out Dynamic Scheduling;
Described key-course is processed the information from execution level, implementing monitoring shop floor status, and by the dynamic data in production run and status information Real-time Feedback to execution level, according to workshop standing state and from the information of execution level, implement production control process.
Further, described MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system adopts Witness to dispatch and carry out visual modeling and emulation Workshop Production, by setting up realistic model and carrying out simulation analysis, various schemes are carried out to analogue simulation and data statistics, the relevant data of each machinery and equipment and various products and the corresponding data before improving are analyzed, realize the optimization to Job-Shop.
Further, the described concrete steps of setting up realistic model comprise the demonstration of setting that element definition, element show, each element detailed design, technological process.
Further, the Production Scheduling System of described MES is made up of three nucleus modules, be production schedules module, production scheduling module and material tracking module, core is production scheduling module, utilize real-time dynamic information, production task is made to arrangement and adjustment promptly and accurately, coordinate the behavior of various resources.
Further, the production scheduling module of described MES also comprises the data base set management system of unifying.
effect gathers
The present invention is by integration scheme layer, key-course and MES, under existing working condition, average productive capacity and load, reduce the production cycle, reduce at goods, thereby finally reach the object of increasing economic efficiency, the promptness of the information of MES can be good at meeting production run and changes requirement rapidly, science and workshop that it can improve enterprise's production scheduling operate the level of IT application, can reflect in time fast the variation of market and process simultaneously, and make in time corresponding adjustment, thereby improve the efficiency of System Operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The production scheduling hierarchical chart of the MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The illustrative view of functional configuration of the MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention is achieved in that as shown in Figure 1, and a kind of MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system comprises plan layer, MES layer, key-course; MES layer connects plan layer and key-course; MES layer is submitted productive capacity, material consumption, labour and production line runnability to, is carried out at deposit position and state, the actual order of goods to plan layer; Move to key-course issue production ordering control and relevant production line the various parameters that need, MES layer is respectively by the actual motion state that is subject to the medium-term and long-term plans of plan layer and the data acquisition equipment of key-course simultaneously;
Described plan layer is responsible for processing order management, stock's control, is answered receipt on account, should pay a bill management, purchasing management, produces MPS (MPS), MRP (MRP) and other document, comprises the work sheet that Workshop Production is required;
Described MES layer comprises production schedules, production scheduling, equipment control, quality management, material tracking, process management, data management, data analysis function module; The implementation that management product is produced, productive capacity take min or h as unit balance entirety, manufacture process to product is followed the tracks of, between plan layer and key-course, carry out bi-directional information, due date, production technology restriction, production sequence optimization are considered, formulate production schedules, carry out Dynamic Scheduling;
Described key-course is processed the information from execution level, implementing monitoring shop floor status, and by the dynamic data in production run and status information Real-time Feedback to execution level, according to workshop standing state and from the information of execution level, implement production control process.MRP determines when need which type of parts and raw material and need quantity, and forms procurement plan and the production schedule.According to the production schedule, tentatively determine Production Scheduling Problem, when determine, use which kind of equipment and resource, machine what parts and manufacturing batch etc.
Further, described MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system adopts Witness to dispatch and carry out visual modeling and emulation Workshop Production, by setting up realistic model and carrying out simulation analysis, various schemes are carried out to analogue simulation and data statistics, the relevant data of each machinery and equipment and various products and the corresponding data before improving are analyzed, realize the optimization to Job-Shop.
Further, the described concrete steps of setting up realistic model comprise the demonstration of setting that element definition, element show, each element detailed design, technological process.
Further, the Production Scheduling System of described MES is made up of three nucleus modules, be production schedules module, production scheduling module and material tracking module, core is production scheduling module, utilize real-time dynamic information, production task is made to arrangement and adjustment promptly and accurately, coordinate the behavior of various resources.
Further, the production scheduling module of described MES also comprises the data base set management system of unifying.
MES production scheduling hierarchical structure is as shown in Figure 2:
Production scheduling is the core of manufacturing execution system, utilizes real-time dynamic information, and production task is made to arrangement and adjustment promptly and accurately, coordinates the behavior of various resources, plays decision-making pivotal role in whole production control system.Wherein, production schedules module drives by producing order, from resource database, extract resource information (comprising facility information, tool information, technique information, raw material information etc.) in conjunction with Optimization scheduling algorithm, generate production plan list, and assign to shopwork group.And the information that production scheduling module feeds back according to material tracking module, this information is fed back to production plan module carries out the adjustment of production schedules, upgrades resource database simultaneously, then brings into play scheduling feature, assigns instruction to shopwork group.
The systematic functional structrue of MES is as shown in Figure 3:
The feature of Multi-varieties and Small-batch Production type is that product variety is many, production lot is little, consider practical situations, the dispatching system of the MES of Multi-varieties and Small-batch Production enterprise is mainly made up of three nucleus modules, i.e. production schedules module, production scheduling module and material tracking module.In addition, add database and management system thereof and just formed the basic framework of system.Production schedules sequence adopts Optimization scheduling algorithm, as intelligent optimization algorithm, heuritic approach etc.In database, be stored in the information such as the required manufacture resource, workpiece, personnel of scheduling process.The processing technology of part and man-hour information also can obtain from database, with the processing analysis to workpiece.
Workshop Production scheduling based on Witness is visual modeling and emulation:
Adopt the concrete operation conditions of Witness simulation software simulation Job-Shop, simplify activity in production auxiliary link, compress non-process time, reduce goods expense and stock, shorten delivery date, can avoid the waste of fund, time, manpower, for realization is made fast and effectively responded important references is provided dynamic variation in manufacturing system.Take a manufacturing shop as example, the Workshop Production scheduling illustrating based on Witness is visual modeling and simulation process below.
System of processing is described:
A manufacturing shop, by 5 machine groups, processes three kinds of products.Every kind of product has required respectively 4,3 and 5 procedures, and every procedure must, in the machine group of specifying, carry out according to the process sequence providing in advance.
Suppose and keeping workshop day by day under the condition of continuous working, carry out the work of 365 8 times each workdays of emulation, calculate average total waiting time and the operation overall average stand-by period of every kind of product in queue, and average operation number, average utilization and average latency in the queue of every group of machine team, and improve.
1st, 2,3,4,5 groups of machines have respectively 3,2,4,3,1 identical machines, obey respectively average the interval time that three kinds of products materials arrive workshops and be the exponential type stochastic variable of 50,30,75 minutes.The process route of three kinds of products is as shown in table 1.Therefore, first products A operation processes on the 3rd group of machine, then the 1st group, on the 2nd group of machine, processed afterwards again, finally on the 5th group of machine, complete finishing operation.
Table 1 product processing technique route and each operation parameter process time
| Product type | Machine group | Operation average service time/MIN in succession |
| A | 3，1，2，5 | 30，36，51，30 |
| B | 4，1，3 | 66，48，45 |
| C | 2，5，1，4，3 | 72，15，42，54，60 |
If an operation arrives workshop at special time, find that this group machine is all busy, this operation just enters the queue of a FIFO rule at this group machine place, if not completing the previous day of task continues processing for second day.The time that completes an operation in particular machine is a kind of stochastic variable of liking erlang distribution by second order, and its mean value depends on the classification of operation and the group of machine.The average service time of every procedure of every kind of operation is as shown in table 1, and therefore, product B average service time of (first operation) on the 4th group of machine is wanted 66 minutes.
Be 147 minutes by the total elapsed time of the above known products A of activity time, this is the needed time of switching time of not considering wherein; The total elapsed time of product B is 159 minutes; The total elapsed time of products C is 243 minutes, produces 1,2,3 products and needs altogether 549 minutes.
3.2 model runnings and data analysis
Set up after realistic model, carry out simulation analysis.Model emulation clock is got the 1:1min of system default, operation 365 × 8 × 60=175200 simulation time unit, the report instrument that use system provides.Obtain statistical report form as shown in table 2-3.
Table 2 product accounting information
| Name | No.Entered | No.Shipped | W.I.P. | Avg W.I.P. | Avg Time |
| A | 3466 | 3417 | 49 | 22.03 | 1113.59 |
| B | 5940 | 5889 | 51 | 47.57 | 1403.09 |
| C | 2292 | 2241 | 51 | 27.86 | 2129.43 |
Table 3 machine group statistical information
| Name | % Idle | % Busy | No. Of Operations |
| Machine1 | 3.98 | 96.02 | 11616 |
| Machine2 | 4.94 | 95.06 | 5682 |
| Machine3 | 27.58 | 72.42 | 11595 |
| Machine4 | 2.08 | 97.92 | 8144 |
| Machine5 | 21.22 | 78.78 | 5672 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the time average of product in system, at more than 1000 minutes, is respectively A:1113.59, B:1403.09, and C:2129.43, the time is oversize.Machine group the 1,2, the 4th as can be seen from Table 3 again, bottleneck, the rate of starting reaches more than 95%.
3.3 the optimization of realistic model
After model is improved, model emulation clock is got the 1:1min of system default, operation 365 × 8 × 60=175200 simulation time unit, the report instrument that use system provides.Obtain statistical report form as shown in table 4.
Table 4 product accounting information
| Name | No.Entered | No.Shipped | W.I.P. | Avg W.I.P. | Avg Time |
| A | 3351 | 3336 | 15 | 20.63 | 1078.47 |
| B | 5913 | 5880 | 33 | 22.96 | 680.21 |
| C | 2220 | 2203 | 17 | 18.70 | 1475.73 |
Through comparative analysis, as can be seen from Table 4, the time of product in system, be respectively A:1078.47, B:680.21, C:1475.73, though shorten to some extent DeGrain.The utilization factor balance that can find out again machine group 1,2,4 from machine group statistical information is not fine, is still bottleneck.The maximum of each buffer zone is extenuated to some extent, and also shortened much averaging time.All in all, can find out and make moderate progress, but DeGrain.
3.4 add the impact of machine
Based on analysis above, to a machine of machine group 1,2,4 each interpolations, 175200 chronomeres of reruning, through model running, obtain statistical information as shown in table 5.
Table 5 raw material statistical information
| Name | No. Entered | No. Shipped | W.I.P. | Avg W.I.P | Avg Time |
| A | 3409 | 3403 | 6 | 4.90 | 251.66 |
| B | 5813 | 5812 | 1 | 6.77 | 204.17 |
| C | 2286 | 2277 | 9 | 4.91 | 376.28 |
Can find out by the data in comparison sheet 5 and table 4, add after a machine machine group 1,2,4 is each, three kinds of raw materials average waiting time in system is respectively original 0.233,0.300,0.255.The utilization factor of lathe is also very approaching, balance satisfactory for result.As can be seen here, add after a machine machine group 1,2,4 is each, flexibility and the customer satisfaction of system are greatly improved.
The calculating time in advance of 3.5 product processing
(1) the processing quantity of supposition A, B, these three kinds of products of C is 100,200,100.Through simulation run, obtain operation result as shown in table 6.
Table 6 raw material statistical information
| Name | No.Entered | No.Shipped | W.I.P. | Avg W.I.P | Avg Time |
| A | 100 | 100 | 0 | 4.82 | 388.76 |
| B | 200 | 200 | 0 | 4.20 | 169.43 |
As seen from Table 6, the time of product in system, be respectively A:388.76, B:169.43, C:422.66, again from buffer zone statistical information, buffer zone maximum duration is 128.99, so get maximal value and should be 422.66 the processing needing time in advance.Machine group utilization factor obviously improves after optimizing simultaneously.
(2), if machine group 4 has an equipment to break down, recover to run well through the repairing of certain hour.After the operation of model, statistical information is as shown in table 7.
Table 7 raw material statistical information
| Name | No. Entered | No. Shipped | W.I.P. | Avg W.I.P | Avg Time |
| A | 100 | 100 | 0 | 4.62 | 372.82 |
| B | 200 | 200 | 0 | 4.18 | 168.59 |
| C | 100 | 100 | 0 | 5.21 | 420.65 |
As seen from Table 7, the time of product in system, be respectively A:372.82, B:168.59, C:420.65, again from buffer zone statistical information, buffer zone maximum duration is 123.64, so get maximal value and should be 420.65 the processing needing time in advance.The shown machinery utilization rate of machine group statistical information is significantly fluctuation not.
(3) if there is urgent part D to insert, obey average its interval time that arrives workshop and be the exponential type stochastic variable of 60 minutes, the processing quantity of product D is 50, as shown in table 8.After model running, statistical information is as shown in table 9.
Table 8 product processing technique route and each operation parameter process time
| Product type | Machine group | Operation average service time/Min in succession |
| D | 1，3，2，4 | 43，52，30，60 |
Table 9 raw material statistical information
| Name | No. Entered | No. Shipped | W.I.P. | Avg W.I.P | Avg Time |
| A | 100 | 100 | 0 | 6.82 | 515.51 |
| B | 200 | 200 | 0 | 5.05 | 190.78 |
| C | 100 | 100 | 0 | 7.65 | 578.12 |
| D | 50 | 50 | 0 | 2.51 | 379.55 |
As seen from Table 9, the time of product in system, is respectively A:515.51, B:190.78, C:578.12, D:379.55, again from buffer zone statistical information, buffer zone maximum duration is 260.19, so get maximal value and should be 578.12 the processing needing time in advance.Machine group utilization factor starts to have changed to some extent simultaneously.
Obtained by above-mentioned, the time of products C in system, be under normal circumstances 422.66, when mechanical disorder be 420.65, be 578.12 when the insertion of urgent part, in sum, consider the insertion of mechanical disorder and urgent part, should be [420.65,578.12] min so get interval time in advance of the processing needing.
Based on MES, in conjunction with discrete type production management feature, build the Workshop Production dispatching system being suitable under many kinds, small serial production condition.Workshop Production dispatching system based on MES is discussed, proposed hierarchical structure and the nucleus module thereof of MES.On this basis, adopt Witness to dispatch and carried out visual modeling and emulation Workshop Production, by setting up realistic model and carrying out simulation analysis, various schemes are carried out to analogue simulation and data statistics, the relevant data of each machinery and equipment and various products and the corresponding data before improving are analyzed, realize the optimization to Job-Shop.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that performing creative labour can make or distortion still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system, is characterized in that, described MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system comprises plan layer, MES layer, key-course; MES layer connects plan layer and key-course; MES layer is submitted productive capacity, material consumption, labour and production line runnability to, is carried out at deposit position and state, the actual order of goods to plan layer; Move to key-course issue production ordering control and relevant production line the various parameters that need, MES layer is respectively by the actual motion state that is subject to the medium-term and long-term plans of plan layer and the data acquisition equipment of key-course simultaneously;
Described plan layer is responsible for processing order management, stock's control, is answered receipt on account, should pay a bill management, purchasing management, produces MPS, MRP and other document, comprises the work sheet that Workshop Production is required;
Described MES layer comprises production schedules, production scheduling, equipment control, quality management, material tracking, process management, data management, data analysis function module; The implementation that management product is produced, productive capacity take min or h as unit balance entirety, manufacture process to product is followed the tracks of, between plan layer and key-course, carry out bi-directional information, due date, production technology restriction, production sequence optimization are considered, formulate production schedules, carry out Dynamic Scheduling;
Described key-course is processed the information from execution level, implementing monitoring shop floor status, and by the dynamic data in production run and status information Real-time Feedback to execution level, according to workshop standing state and from the information of execution level, implement production control process.
2. MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system adopts Witness to dispatch and carry out visual modeling and emulation Workshop Production, by setting up realistic model and carrying out simulation analysis, various schemes are carried out to analogue simulation and data statistics, the relevant data of each machinery and equipment and various products and the corresponding data before improving are analyzed, realize the optimization to Job-Shop.
3. MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described concrete steps of setting up realistic model comprise the demonstration of setting that element definition, element show, each element detailed design, technological process.
4. MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the Production Scheduling System of described MES is made up of three nucleus modules, be production schedules module, production scheduling module and material tracking module, core is production scheduling module, utilize real-time dynamic information, production task is made to arrangement and adjustment promptly and accurately, coordinate the behavior of various resources.
5. MES dynamic job shop scheduling manufacturing execution system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the production scheduling module of described MES also comprises the data base set management system of unifying.
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2014
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