CN103822563A - Method for calculating diameter of any height of tree by angles and distances of three points - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating the diameter of any height of a tree by angles and distances of three points. The invention relates to a method for investigating forest resources, belonging to the method for calculating the diameter of the tree in a far place or a part which can not be reached. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, collimating a standing tree to be detected by using an instrument; measuring inclined distances S1, S2 and S3, azimuth angles T1, T2 and T3, and inclined angles alpha 1, alpha 2 and alpha 3 of any three points of the height along the horizontal position of the any height of the standing tree to be detected; secondly, calculating a horizontal distance L by using digital analogy and calculating relative coordinates A (x1,y1), B (x2,y2) and C (x3,y3) of the three points; then, determining a central coordinate O of the tree with the height by using the coordinates of the three points; and finally, calculating the diameter of the tree of the height by the digital analogy. According to the method, the characteristics of high instrument precision and capability of flexibly and remotely obtaining measured data are sufficiently utilized to reduce the difficulty and the cost of field investigation and improve the utilization rate of the forest resources, thus providing theoretical foundation and data support to forestry cutting. An experiment shows that the diameter of any part can be accurately obtained.

Description

The method of 3 measuring and calculating trees arbitrary height place diameters of a kind of angular distance

One, technical field

The invention relates to the method for forest inventory investigation, particularly the method for 3 measuring and calculating trees arbitrary height place diameters of a kind of angular distance.

Two, technical background

Tree diameters is one of important foundation information of forest survey, measures that these data can bring that restrictive condition is many to us, complex operation is even difficult to realize the inconvenience such as measurement by classic method.The current timber demand amount of China is very large; need a large amount of forest harvestings that timber is provided; some do not reach the trees of the specification of becoming a useful person and are together felled yet; main cause is exactly effectively to determine the top diameter that timber is required; cause the waste of timber resources; too large to the damage of China's Forest Resources, do not meet us and preserve the ecological environment, realize the aim of sustainable development.

Along with the maturation of surveying and mapping technology and universal, the high precision of some instrument of surveying and mappings, advantage is applied to all trades and professions gradually cheaply, and the application in assize, has not only improved assize speed, precision and efficiency.The more important thing is that the assize work that makes some can not manpower arrive forest zone is achieved, and does not have any infringement just can obtain automatically, accurately factors of enumeration to forest.This method produces under such background.

Three, summary of the invention

The object of the invention is under the principle of not cuting down, do not destroy trees or can not arrive region and accurately obtain the factors of enumeration such as the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, arbitrary height place diameter of trunk and realize observation automation,, data acquisition and control automatization, data-storing communication robotization, trees arbitrary height place diameter calculation automation.

Main summary of the invention:

1. a kind of method that needs the angle and distance at any 3 of measurement trunk arbitrary height place just can calculate the trunk diameter of this At The Height.

2. obtaining of any place trunk diameter and height.

The present invention has the following advantages:

(1) greatly improved the precision of related data, because this research has adopted high precision instrument of surveying and mapping---electronic theodolite is as number pick sampling instrument, more traditional tree survey method precision has the raising of the order of magnitude, the number pick obtaining like this, as factors of enumeration Data Source, must improve the precision of these data greatly;

(2) significantly improve the work efficiency of forest inventory investigation, in traditional forest inventory investigation, enquiry data needs notes, and coordinates counter to calculate, and operation is loaded down with trivial details.This has researched and developed supporting assize software, can realize Real-time Collection, processing and the preservation of data, has greatly improved the automaticity of field work;

(3) realized the noninvasive measurement to trees, classic method all takes to do the approach of analytic tree conventionally to bottom class's normal wood, work loaded down with trivial details, and forest is damaged.By electronic theodolite and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground chi, need not cut down forest and climbing tree, not to forest have any infringement just can be automatically, Real-time Obtaining factors of enumeration.This tries hard to recommend capable forest sustainable management policy and seems particularly important for current China is honest.

Four, accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 is the principle of the invention and operating process schematic diagram.

Five, embodiment

First utilize instrument to aim at standing tree to be measured, measure the oblique distance S of any 3 of this At The Height along standing tree trunk arbitrary height to be measured place horizontal level ₁, S ₂, S ₃, position angle T ₁, T ₂, T ₃and inclination alpha ₁, α ₂, α ₃; Next utilizes digital-to-analogue to calculate and puts down apart from L and calculate 3 relative coordinate A (x1, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3); Then utilize three point coordinate to determine this height trunk centre coordinate O; Finally calculate this At The Height tree diameters by digital-to-analogue.Concrete steps are as follows:

(1) place instrument, be decided to be true origin, aim at standing tree trunk arbitrary height to be measured place horizontal level and determine observed object;

(2) with the oblique distance S of any 3 of this At The Height of apparatus measures ₁, S ₂, S ₃, position angle T ₁, T ₂, T ₃and inclination alpha ₁, α ₂, α ₃;

(3) by digital-to-analogue 1. L=Scos α try to achieve flat apart from L between measurement point (true origin) and measurement point, by 2. x=LsinT of digital-to-analogue, y=LcosT tries to achieve the relative coordinate A (x1 of 3 of targets, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3);

(4) utilize A (x1, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3) three point coordinate, calculate AB mid point E (x1+x2/2, y1+y2/2) BC mid point F (x2+x3/2, y2+y3/2)

By digital-to-analogue 3. $\left[\begin{array}{c}{K}_1=-(x2-x1)/(y2-y1),\\ K_2=-(x3-x2)/(y3-y2),\\ y-\mathrm{Ey}=K_1(x-\mathrm{Ex}),\\ y-\mathrm{Fy}=K_2(x-\mathrm{Fx}),\end{array}\right]$ Calculate the coordinate (x, y) of trunk center O

(5) finally utilize digital-to-analogue 4.

d=2R is the diameter of these At The Height trees.

Claims (2)

1. a method for 3 measuring and calculating trees arbitrary height place diameters of angular distance, is characterized in that: first utilize instrument to aim at standing tree to be measured, measure the oblique distance S of any 3 of this At The Height along standing tree trunk arbitrary height to be measured place horizontal level ₁, S ₂, S ₃, position angle T ₁, T ₂, T ₃and inclination alpha ₁, α ₂, α ₃; Next utilizes digital-to-analogue to calculate and puts down apart from L and calculate 3 relative coordinate A (x1, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3); Then utilize three point coordinate to determine this height trunk centre coordinate O; Finally calculate this At The Height tree diameters by digital-to-analogue.

2. the method for a kind of angular distance three point measurement trees arbitrary height place diameters according to claim 1, in its feature, utilize A (x1, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3) determines trunk centre coordinate and calculates the method for trunk diameter by digital-to-analogue as follows: (1) places instrument, be decided to be true origin, aim at standing tree trunk arbitrary height to be measured place horizontal level and determine observed object; (2) with the oblique distance S of any 3 of this At The Height of apparatus measures ₁, S ₂, S ₃, position angle T ₁, T ₂, T ₃and inclination alpha ₁, α ₂, α ₃;

(3) by digital-to-analogue 1. L=Scos α try to achieve flat apart from L between measurement point (true origin) and measurement point, by 2. x=LsinT of digital-to-analogue, y=LcosT tries to achieve the relative coordinate A (x1 of 3 of targets, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3);

(4) utilize A (x1, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3) three point coordinate, calculate AB mid point E (x1+x2/2, y1+y2/2) BC mid point F (x2+x3/2, y2+y3/2)

By digital-to-analogue 3. $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{K}_1=-(x2-x1)/(y2-y1),\\ K_2=-(x3-x2)/(y3-y2),\\ y-\mathrm{Ey}=K_1(x-\mathrm{Ex}),\\ y-\mathrm{Fy}=K_2(x-\mathrm{Fx}),\end{array}\right.$ Calculate the coordinate (x, y) of trunk center O

(5) finally utilize digital-to-analogue 4.

d=2R is the diameter of these At The Height trees.

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