CN102692190A - Tree volume measuring method based on digital elevation model - Google Patents
Tree volume measuring method based on digital elevation model Download PDFInfo
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- CN102692190A CN102692190A CN2011100711283A CN201110071128A CN102692190A CN 102692190 A CN102692190 A CN 102692190A CN 2011100711283 A CN2011100711283 A CN 2011100711283A CN 201110071128 A CN201110071128 A CN 201110071128A CN 102692190 A CN102692190 A CN 102692190A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tree volume measuring method based on a digital elevation model. According to the method, in the condition of not cutting down a standing tree, the tree is scanned through a three-dimensional laser scanning system, standing tree three-dimensional space lattice data is obtained, thus a three-dimensional space model of the standing tree is established, the volume of the tree is calculated by utilizing an earthwork calculation function of a digital ground model method of a digitized mapping data acquisition system, working efficiency is raised greatly, labor intensity is reduced, especially a phenomenon that in a traditional tree volume measuring process, a large number of trees are needed to be cut down to obtain and distinguish a section diameter, and great damage is caused to a forest is avoided , and the method has a broad market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to three-dimensional green amount Calculation Method, particularly in the time need not cuting down, accurately measure its volume, with a kind of trees volume measuring method based on digital elevation model about standing tree.
Technical background
The prerequisite of three-dimensional green quantity research is that the three-D volumes to trees measures, and for many years, when finding the solution the trees volume in the forestry, is mostly to use conventional methods, promptly be a large amount of standing tree of felling as sample trees, utilize felled tree sectional measurement formula to calculate the volume of timber; The damage that this method causes forest is big; Use standing tree sectional measurement and Pressler method mensuration standing volumes such as the isometric sectional measurement of standing tree, tired supreme people's court in practice; Though avoided the damage of forest; But the limitation that is limited to surveying instrument environment and precision; And workload is very big, is unfavorable for that storage, management and the application of foundation and the data of green amount database is unified, and " a kind of method of the trees volume instrumentation based on digital elevation model " replaces the complex manual stereo measurement with the analog computation of computing machine; Simultaneously; The precision of the conventional methood of determining yield by volume volume calculated of the volume ratio that this method is calculated can improve more than 10 times, has avoided because of the urban greenery plants height is bigger, uses the bigger disadvantage of artificial tape measuring relative error.Traditional standing volume is calculated, or needs a large amount of trees of felling, and the damage that forest is caused is big; Need a large amount of manpowers to measure and calculate, precision can not satisfy the requirement of accurate forestry survey, comes into one's own day by day and today of exquisite precision and speed at ecologic environment, and this two various methodologies has inadvisable part.Use method, not only can cut down standing tree, preserve the ecological environment based on the trees volume instrumentation of digital elevation model; And can improve precision and the speed of finding the solution the trees volume greatly, for forestry administrative authority provides the foundation of economic planning accurately, decision-making foundation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of using based on the trees volume instrumentation of digital elevation model; It is the three dimensions dot array data that obtains standing tree through three-dimensional laser scanning system; Set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree; The digital elevation model method of utilizing the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) calculates the trees volume to the 3 D laser scanning models treated, and it has overcome the deficiency that prior art exists.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: the emphasis factors of enumeration that obtains according to position, size and form and the needs of target trees is designed the position of scanning movement and control target; On selected survey station, set up laser scanner; Adjust parameter and attitude, scan, obtain the three dimensions dot array data of standing tree; Obtain the control Target Center simultaneously, obtain a width of cloth point cloud chart; The software that utilizes three-dimensional laser scanner to carry matees through coordinate; With the difference cloud atlas " amalgamation " of standing tree under the same coordinate system; Through the realization of functions such as data pre-service, extraction, finally set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree and save as the dxf form that the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) can be discerned; Utilize the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) to open the point cloud chart of 3 D laser scanning, set up the coordinate system system and extract elevation, the elevation that extracts is saved as in the text of dat form; In the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) of newly opening; Design station elevation spacing and open up spot elevation and set up digital elevation model is set up the three-dimensional triangulation network as required, with the draw zone of the volume calculated of wanting of complex line; Must be closed, but try not match.Because the curve of match is used the broken line iteration when carrying out volume calculation, influence precision of calculation results.Utilize the DTM method Earthwork calculation function of digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) to calculate a cloud volume.
Wherein instrumentation trees volume theory step is following:
The first step: paint square grid and ask the point of square control network elevation.
Second step: the design altitude of confirming levelling of the land.
The equalization of embankments and cuttings point height=(∑ angle+∑ limit * 2+ ∑ turns * the 3+ ∑ in * 4)/(4n)
The 3rd step: calculating is dug, the embankment height.
Excavation and filling height h=H ground elevation-H design altitude
The 4th step: calculate the cubic meter of stone amount of digging, banket.
Angle point: dig (filling out) side height h*1/4 grid area
Edge point: dig (filling out) side height h*2/4 grid area
Flex point: dig (filling out) side height h*3/4 grid area
Central point: dig (filling out) side height h*1 grid area
After calculating the quantities of each point, calculate the summation of amount of excavation and amount of fill more respectively.
The present invention has following advantage: utilize the trees volume instrumentation of digital elevation model, need not cut down standing tree, protected forest; Utilize the scanning of three-dimensional laser to obtain the three dimensions dot array data of standing tree, thereby set up the three-dimensional space model of standing tree, realize the reproduction of standing tree, this measurement has omnibearing characteristics; Utilize the trees volume instrumentation of digital elevation model, efficient is high, labour intensity is little.
Embodiment
The emphasis factors of enumeration that obtains according to position, size and form and the needs of target trees is designed the position of scanning movement and control target; On selected survey station, set up laser scanner; Adjust parameter and attitude, scan, obtain the three dimensions dot array data of standing tree; Obtain the control Target Center simultaneously, obtain a width of cloth point cloud chart; The software that utilizes three-dimensional laser scanner to carry matees through coordinate; With the difference cloud atlas " amalgamation " of standing tree under the same coordinate system; Through the realization of functions such as data pre-service, extraction, finally set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree and save as the dxf form that the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) can be discerned; Utilize the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) to open the point cloud chart of 3 D laser scanning, set up the coordinate system system and extract elevation, the elevation that extracts is saved as in the text of dat form; In the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) of newly opening; Design station elevation spacing and open up spot elevation and set up digital elevation model is set up the three-dimensional triangulation network as required, with the draw zone of the volume calculated of wanting of complex line; Must be closed, but try not match.Because the curve of match is used the broken line iteration when carrying out volume calculation, influence precision of calculation results.Utilize the DTM method Earthwork calculation function of digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) to calculate a cloud volume.
Wherein instrumentation trees volume theory step is following:
The first step: paint square grid and ask the point of square control network elevation.
Second step: the design altitude of confirming levelling of the land.
The equalization of embankments and cuttings point height=(∑ angle+∑ limit * 2+ ∑ turns * the 3+ ∑ in * 4)/(4n)
The 3rd step: calculating is dug, the embankment height.
Excavation and filling height h=H ground elevation-H design altitude
The 4th step: calculate the cubic meter of stone amount of digging, banket.
Angle point: dig (filling out) side height h*1/4 grid area
Edge point: dig (filling out) side height h*2/4 grid area
Flex point: dig (filling out) side height h*3/4 grid area
Central point: dig (filling out) side height h*1 grid area
After calculating the quantities of each point, calculate the summation of amount of excavation and amount of fill more respectively.
Claims (5)
1. trees volume measuring method based on digital elevation model; It is characterized in that: utilize three-dimensional laser scanner that the target trees are scanned; Obtain the three-dimensional point cloud atlas of trees, use digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) digital terrain model method to calculate the volume of trees then.
2. a kind of trees volume measuring method of usefulness according to claim 1 based on digital elevation model; It is characterized in that: the emphasis factors of enumeration that obtains according to position, size and form and the needs of target trees is designed the position of scanning movement and control target, on selected survey station, has set up laser scanner, adjusts parameter and attitude; Scan; Obtain the three dimensions dot array data of standing tree, obtain the control Target Center simultaneously, obtain a width of cloth point cloud chart; The software that utilizes three-dimensional laser scanner to carry matees through coordinate; With the difference cloud atlas " amalgamation " of standing tree under the same coordinate system; Through the realization of functions such as data pre-service, extraction, finally set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree and save as the dxf form that the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) can be discerned;
3. utilize the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) to open the point cloud chart of 3 D laser scanning, set up the coordinate system system and extract elevation, the elevation that extracts is saved as in the text of dat form,
4. in the digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) of newly opening; Design station elevation spacing and open up spot elevation and set up digital elevation model is set up the three-dimensional triangulation network as required, with the draw zone of the volume calculated of wanting of complex line; Must be closed, but try not match.Because the curve of match is used the broken line iteration when carrying out volume calculation, influence precision of calculation results.Utilize the digital terrain model method Earthwork calculation function of digital mapping data acquisition system (DAS) to calculate a cloud volume.
5. a kind of trees volume measuring method of usefulness according to claim 1 based on digital elevation model, it is characterized in that: wherein instrumentation three-D volumes principle steps is following:
The first step: paint square grid and ask the point of square control network elevation.
Second step: the design altitude of confirming levelling of the land.
The equalization of embankments and cuttings point height=(∑ angle+∑ limit * 2+ ∑ turns * the 3+ ∑ in * 4)/(4n)
The 3rd step: calculating is dug, the embankment height.
Excavation and filling height h=H ground elevation-H design altitude
The 4th step: calculate the cubic meter of stone amount of digging, banket.
Angle point: dig (filling out) side height h*1/4 grid area
Edge point: dig (filling out) side height h*2/4 grid area
Flex point: dig (filling out) side height h*3/4 grid area
Central point: dig (filling out) side height h*1 grid area
After calculating the quantities of each point, calculate the summation of amount of excavation and amount of fill more respectively.
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| CN2011100711283A CN102692190A (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 | Tree volume measuring method based on digital elevation model |
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| CN2011100711283A CN102692190A (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 | Tree volume measuring method based on digital elevation model |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103017655A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 刘庆国 | Method and system for extracting floor area of multi-floor building |
| CN103486984A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 中国人民解放军63926部队 | Detection method for coaxiality of inner molded surface of wind tunnel |
| CN104778720A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-15 | 东南大学 | Rapid volume measurement method based on spatial invariant feature |
| CN105043316A (en) * | 2015-05-17 | 2015-11-11 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Stem-cut standing tree tulip tree trunk 3D visualization and volume of wood calculating method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101008564A (en) * | 2006-01-16 | 2007-08-01 | 北京林业大学 | Method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system |
| CN101520307A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-02 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Method for measuring tree-crown volume fractal dimension by applying three-dimensional laser image-scanning system |
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2011
- 2011-03-24 CN CN2011100711283A patent/CN102692190A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101008564A (en) * | 2006-01-16 | 2007-08-01 | 北京林业大学 | Method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system |
| CN101520307A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-02 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Method for measuring tree-crown volume fractal dimension by applying three-dimensional laser image-scanning system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 王军德: "《CASS 测图软件中DTM 的建立与应用》", 《四川测绘》, vol. 28, no. 3, 30 September 2005 (2005-09-30), pages 121 - 124 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103017655A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 刘庆国 | Method and system for extracting floor area of multi-floor building |
| CN103017655B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-05-20 | 刘庆国 | Method and system for extracting floor area of multi-floor building |
| CN103486984A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 中国人民解放军63926部队 | Detection method for coaxiality of inner molded surface of wind tunnel |
| CN103486984B (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2015-11-25 | 中国人民解放军63926部队 | The detection method of profile right alignment in a kind of wind-tunnel |
| CN104778720A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-15 | 东南大学 | Rapid volume measurement method based on spatial invariant feature |
| CN104778720B (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2018-01-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of fast volume measuring method based on space invariance characteristic |
| CN105043316A (en) * | 2015-05-17 | 2015-11-11 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Stem-cut standing tree tulip tree trunk 3D visualization and volume of wood calculating method |
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Application publication date: 20120926 |