CN103822555B - Blasting method in a kind of hydraulic engineering strengthening reconstruction construction - Google Patents
Blasting method in a kind of hydraulic engineering strengthening reconstruction construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN103822555B CN103822555B CN201410071914.7A CN201410071914A CN103822555B CN 103822555 B CN103822555 B CN 103822555B CN 201410071914 A CN201410071914 A CN 201410071914A CN 103822555 B CN103822555 B CN 103822555B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the blasting method in the construction of a kind of hydraulic engineering strengthening reconstruction, in strengthening and rebuilding engineering is built, necessary dismounting need be carried out to the part-structure in original building, demolition blasting is adopted to this part.The explosion that dismounting body divides mainly adopts Controlled blasting technique.Controlled blasting is by certain technical measures, reasonably determine big gun hole site, pitch-row, hole depth and explosive charge and detonation mode, strict controlled blasting energy and blasting scale, make the sound of explosion, vibration, the divergence scope of destroyed area and broken thing, toppling direction control within prescribed limit.The impact of reserve part bit architecture during explosion, the method combined by adopting sonic detection and vibration monitoring judges, according to testing result adjustment blasting parameter, guarantees engineering structure safety.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to the blasting method in the construction of a kind of hydraulic engineering strengthening reconstruction.
Background technology
Along with expanding economy and social progress, solve large quantities of hydraulic engineerings of primary construction, there is defects different separately and potential safety hazard in self, causes partial function to lose, the needs of rapid economic development can not be met simultaneously, certainly will rebuild former engineering, extend and strengthening reconstruction.In these technological transformation projects, there is part need retain the function of inhering architecture, also need the building of removing loss of function in original structure simultaneously, so just cause and necessary dismounting is carried out to original structure, and the structure division retained can't be destroyed.
Prior art
In strengthening reconstruction construction project, carry out necessary dismounting to former engineering structure, method conventional at present has the construction method of manual demolition, mechanical removal or static crushing.
(1) manual demolition.Mainly by pneumatic equipment, manually utilize pneumatic pick bit by bit to cut xoncrete structure, it is only suitable for fragmentary projects.
(2) mechanical removal.Main method is that excavator bucket is changed into quartering hammer, and by the hydraulic power of excavator, operation quartering hammer carries out demolition reduction to dismounting body.
(3) static crushing.Main method is removing the boring of body being arranged some and scale, to the gel injecting swelling agent in hole, and blocking aperture.Swelling agent in hole, through certain hour (generally at 48 hours) volumetric expansion, will produce dismounting body and destroy, form irregular crack, then manually can cut by instruments such as crowbars.
1, shortcoming:
(1) the first manual demolition shortcoming:
1) labour intensity is large, and the contamination by dust that pneumatic equipment produces is large, affects the healthy of operator;
2) inefficiency, construction cost is large.
3) construction safety hidden danger is many, and risk is large
4) dismounting of primary structural component part time job is only applicable to.
(2) the second mechanical removal shortcoming:
1) due to excavator self, it is open that mechanical removal is only suitable for surrounding environment, removes height not high, and bear some structures of excavator weight.
2) noise is large, and environmental pollution is severe;
3) easily reservation structure is damaged.
(3) the third static crushing removes shortcoming:
1) time of reacting of swelling agent is long, and the destructive power that produces of expanding is limited, and construction speed is slow, and the construction period is long, and construction cost is high.
2) the broken body destroyed after expanding needs artificial chisel to remove, and construction safety hidden danger is many, and construction safety can not get ensureing.
3) destruction produced due to swelling agent is irregularly followed, and therefore easily damages reservation structure division
The present invention relates in engineered construction, during strengthening reconstruction, suitable dismounting is carried out to the requirement of the defect of existing building self and function, build and the engineering construction such as enlarging.Blasting technique is exactly utilize explosives and detonators and suitable initiation net, its jobbie is carried out to a kind of technology of explosion, according to reform strengthening requirement, to reserve part in building and need part-structure analysis be removed, at two-part structure intersection, adopt presplit blasting, and adopt controlled blasting to part need be removed.The application of blasting technique solves the technical barrier removed in strengthening reconstruction, and it can accelerating construction progress greatly, and saving construction cost, is a kind of effective construction method.
The present invention, in building at strengthening and rebuilding engineering, need carry out necessary dismounting to the part-structure in original building, adopt demolition blasting to this part.The blasting technique that demolition blasting often adopts presplit blasting and controlled blasting to combine.Presplit blasting is before the explosion of dismounting body, the fracture surface that line first blasts wide about a 1 ~ 2cm is removed along design, utilize the stress wave energy that this fracture surface partition (or weakening) transmits from demolition blasting district, thus reduce vibrations, and the destruction of the plane of weakness such as the blasting crack stoping control place explosion to produce in dismounting body and joint fissure face, aspect extends in reservation structure, to ensure the engineering structure safety retaining structures.The explosion that dismounting body divides mainly adopts Controlled blasting technique.Controlled blasting is by certain technical measures, reasonably determine big gun hole site, pitch-row, hole depth and explosive charge and detonation mode, strict controlled blasting energy and blasting scale, make the sound of explosion, vibration, the divergence scope of destroyed area and broken thing, toppling direction control within prescribed limit.The impact of reserve part bit architecture during explosion, the method combined by adopting sonic detection and vibration monitoring judges, according to testing result adjustment blasting parameter, guarantees engineering structure safety.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome Shortcomings in prior art, providing a kind of and practicablely can reduce construction cost, accelerating construction progress greatly, a kind of effective Demolition Construction method:
A blasting method in the construction of hydraulic engineering strengthening reconstruction, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, preparation.
Reinforcing bar cutting removes, and along the outline line of presplitting body (3), manually reinforcing bar is cut and exposes; cut off reinforcing bar with oxygen welding, dismounting body (2) and retention body (1) reinforcing bar are disconnected completely, base plate protection; base plate covers the 50cm soil body as the body cushion that falls, to determine base arrangement safety.
Step 2, presplit blasting.
Multiple presplit blasting hole (5) is arranged by design hole site along presplitting body (3), each hole explosive divides 3 spacer segments to arrange, the adjacent holes blasting charge is pressed blossom type and is arranged, in hole, explosive bamboo chip colligation connects, real with clay plug within the scope of presplit blasting hole (5) aperture 30cm, presplit blasting adopts 1 section of detonator to detonate.
Step 3, controlled blasting.
Boring, the dismounting body (2) after presplitting is upper by the multiple controlled blasting hole (4) of design arrangement,
Clear hole, with the foreign material in gas cleaning controlled blasting hole (4) and moisture content, re-starts process and pore-creating to the controlled blasting hole (4) of defective quality.
Powder charge, fills the clay of 20cm at the bottom of controlled blasting hole (4) hole cleared up, and in hole, explosive is bundled connected by three sections by bamboo chip, and closely knit with clay blocking within the scope of the 30cm of each aperture, hole, controlled blasting adopts network initiation.
Detonate, in explosion official hour, conscientiously check whether explosive meets safe initiation and blast warning line and arrange whether safety, after meeting the requirements, starts blasting network by fireman.
Remove warning, after explosive initiation, check shotfiring safety by fireman, determine without after potential safety hazard, remove blast warning.
The aperture in the hole of presplit blasting described in step 2 (5) is Ф 40, and pitch-row gets 5 ~ 10 times of aperture, and hole depth is 90% ~ 95% of presplitting body (3) thickness, and the explosive charge of presplit blasting hole (5) is about 20g ~ 40g/m.
Parameters in step 3 controlled blasting is as follows:
Blasting parameter: reinforced concrete structure, minimum burden w, w=(30 ~ 60) cm;
Controlled blasting hole (4) pitch-row a, a=(1.0 ~ 1.3) w; Reject b, b=(0.6 ~ 0.9) a;
Controlled blasting hole (4) aperture d, described d are Ф 40; Hole depth is less than 2 meters.
Vertical hole can be selected as required in controlled blasting hole (4) direction, horizontal big gun hole and inclination big gun hole, when carrying out Cutting Blasting, arranges 1 ~ 2 pilot hole (6), this pilot hole not blasting charge in contiguous edge of removing body (2).
Controlled blasting hole (4) single hole explosive payload:
Q=（q
1A+q
2V)f
Q: controlled blasting hole (4) single hole explosive payload (g)
A: blasting body is by the section of shear (m of explosion
2) A=bL
L: boring hole depth
V: blasting body fragmentation volume (m
3) V=abL
Q
2: the dosage (q/m of specific breakage volume
3), armored concrete generally gets 110 ~ 150g/m
3
Q
1: the dosage (g/m of the unit section of shear
2), q
1=(20 ~ 25)/W
W: minimum burden
F: the coefficient characterizing the free face situation of borehole position.Two free face f=1
Adopt layered charge in hole, upper strata cartridge bag is 0.4Q, and lower floor's cartridge bag is 0.6Q, and the stemming length of the superiors' cartridge bag is not less than minimum burden.
The initiation net of described controlled blasting, selects electric initiating network Nonel detonator initiation net alive.
The vibration velocity that detonates is checked:
V: Particle Vibration Velocity (mm/s);
Q: charge weight (kg) volley calculates by total charge;
R: explosion is to the distance (m) of protected building;
A: damped expoential is 1 ~ 2;
K: explosion coefficient.Be 300 ~ 700 in rock, be 1500 ~ 2500 in soil.
Q2=110 ~ 150g/m3 in armored concrete; Q1=(20 ~ 25)/W.
Beneficial effect:
1, construction speed is fast
Demolition blasting construction method is adopted at least to shift to an earlier date more than 1/3rd than the construction speed of conventional construction method, particularly large-scale engineering project.
2, construction cost is low, and construction benefit is obvious
At Linhuaigang Flood Control Project, have employed Demolition by controlled blasting arrangement and method for construction, through measuring and calculating than the machinery in former scheme and manual demolition scheme cost-saving about 25%.
3, the construction environment under various condition is adapted to
4, construction intensity is low
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.
A blasting method in the construction of hydraulic engineering strengthening reconstruction, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, preparation.
Reinforcing bar cutting removes, and along presplitting body (3) outline line, manually reinforcing bar is cut and exposes; cut off reinforcing bar with oxygen welding, dismounting body (2) and retention body (1) reinforcing bar are disconnected completely, base plate protection; base plate covers the 50cm soil body as the body cushion that falls, to determine base arrangement safety.
Step 2, presplit blasting.
Multiple presplit blasting hole (5) is arranged by design hole site along presplitting body (3), each hole explosive divides 3 spacer segments to arrange, the adjacent holes blasting charge is pressed blossom type and is arranged, in hole, explosive bamboo chip colligation connects, real with clay plug within the scope of presplit blasting hole (5) aperture 30cm.Presplit blasting adopts 1 section of detonator to detonate.
Step 3, controlled blasting.
Boring, the dismounting body (2) after presplitting is upper by the multiple controlled blasting hole (4) of design arrangement.
Clear hole, with the foreign material in gas cleaning controlled blasting hole (4) and moisture content, re-starts process and pore-creating to the controlled blasting hole (4) of defective quality.
Powder charge, fills the clay of 20cm at the bottom of controlled blasting hole (4) hole cleared up, and in hole, explosive is bundled connected by three sections by bamboo chip, and closely knit with clay blocking within the scope of the 30cm of each aperture, hole, controlled blasting adopts network initiation.
Detonate, in explosion official hour, conscientiously check whether explosive meets safe initiation and blast warning line and arrange whether safety, after meeting the requirements, starts blasting network by fireman.
Remove warning, after explosive initiation, check shotfiring safety by fireman, determine without after potential safety hazard, remove blast warning.
The aperture in the hole of presplit blasting described in step 2 (5) is Ф 40, and pitch-row gets 5 ~ 10 times of aperture, and hole depth is 90% ~ 95% of presplitting body (3) thickness, and the explosive charge of presplit blasting hole (5) is about 20g ~ 40g/m.
Parameters in step 3 controlled blasting is as follows:
Blasting parameter.Reinforced concrete structure, minimum burden w, w=(30 ~ 60) cm;
Controlled blasting hole (4) pitch-row a, a=(1.0 ~ 1.3) w; Reject b, b=(0.6 ~ 0.9) a;
Controlled blasting hole (4) aperture d, generally selects Ф 40; Hole depth is less than 2 meters.
Vertical hole can be selected as required in controlled blasting hole (4) direction, horizontal big gun hole and inclination big gun hole, when carrying out Cutting Blasting, arranges 1 ~ 2 pilot hole (6), this pilot hole not blasting charge in contiguous edge of removing body (2).
Controlled blasting hole (4) single hole explosive payload:
Q=（q
1A+q
2V)f
Q: controlled blasting hole (4) single hole explosive payload (g)
A: blasting body is by the section of shear (m of explosion
2) A=bL
L: boring hole depth (m)
V: blasting body fragmentation volume (m
3) V=abL
Q
2: the dosage (q/m of specific breakage volume
3), armored concrete generally gets 110 ~ 150g/m
3
Q
1: the dosage (g/m of the unit section of shear
2), q
1=(20 ~ 25)/W
W: minimum burden
F: the coefficient characterizing the free face situation of borehole position.Two free face f=1
Adopt layered charge in hole, upper strata cartridge bag is 0.4Q, and lower floor's cartridge bag is 0.6Q, and the stemming length of the superiors' cartridge bag is not less than minimum burden.
For reducing stress wave to the impact retaining structure, the hole of presplitting place explosion adopts 1 section of millisecond delay cap; Controlled blasting body endoporus adopts section not high, the Nonel detonator of defer time, and exit orifice section is not low, and the short Nonel detonator of defer time makes relay pipe.
The vibration velocity that detonates is checked:
Building safety Blasting Vibration Velocity is determined according to code requirement, and general concrete structural safety Blasting Vibration Velocity allows boundary≤50mm/s.
V: Particle Vibration Velocity (mm/s);
Q: charge weight (kg) volley calculates by total charge, segment blast is by most Da I Member medicine calculation;
R: explosion is to the distance (m) of protected building;
A: damped expoential is 1 ~ 2;
K: explosion coefficient.In rock not 300 ~ 700, be 1500 ~ 2500. in soil.
Detect and monitoring
Utilize sonic detection standard and monitoring velocity to control dividing value to layout monitoring to reservation structure.
A, Particle Vibration Velocity measuring point, arrange a measuring point, each point layout vertical direction, the velocity sensor of horizontal radial and horizontal tangential 3 bottom reservation works.
B, sound wave point layout.Vertical and the horizontal direction sound wave measuring point in reservation works side arrangement.
The comparison of relevant corresponding data in being designed to explosion by the data of Particle Vibration Velocity and sonic detection.If Particle Vibration Velocity detects data be greater than the particle velocity calculated in design, then blasting parameter makes the battering charge of suitable reduction, particularly onepull, until meet the standard of detection range.
Blast working
According to explosion bulge test and explosion test result, to intrinsic blasting scheme, carry out adjusting until blasting design scheme is reasonable, blasting parameter selection is in reliable situation, and blast working could normally carry out.
Be the q in armored concrete
2=110 ~ 150g/m
3; q
1=(20 ~ 25)/W; Building safety Blasting Vibration Velocity is determined according to code requirement, and general concrete structural safety Blasting Vibration Velocity allows boundary≤50mm/s.
Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Claims (1)
1. the blasting method in the construction of hydraulic engineering strengthening reconstruction, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, preparation;
Reinforcing bar cutting removes, along the outline line of presplitting body (3), manually reinforcing bar is cut and expose, reinforcing bar is cut off with oxygen welding, dismounting body (2) and retention body (1) reinforcing bar are disconnected completely, base plate protection, base plate covers the 50cm soil body as the body cushion that falls, to determine base arrangement safety;
Step 2, presplit blasting;
Multiple presplit blasting hole (5) is arranged by design hole site along presplitting body (3), each hole explosive divides 3 spacer segments to arrange, the adjacent holes blasting charge is pressed blossom type and is arranged, in hole, explosive bamboo chip colligation connects, real with clay plug within the scope of presplit blasting hole (5) aperture 30cm, presplit blasting adopts 1 section of detonator to detonate;
Step 3, controlled blasting;
Boring, the dismounting body (2) after presplitting is upper by the multiple controlled blasting hole (4) of design arrangement,
Clear hole, with the foreign material in gas cleaning controlled blasting hole (4) and moisture content, re-starts process and pore-creating to the controlled blasting hole (4) of defective quality;
Powder charge, fills the clay of 20cm at the bottom of controlled blasting hole (4) hole cleared up, and in hole, explosive is bundled connected by three sections by bamboo chip, and closely knit with clay blocking within the scope of the 30cm of each aperture, hole, controlled blasting adopts network initiation;
Detonate, in explosion official hour, conscientiously check whether explosive meets safe initiation and blast warning line and arrange whether safety, after meeting the requirements, starts blasting network by fireman;
Remove warning, after explosive initiation, check shotfiring safety by fireman, determine without after potential safety hazard, remove blast warning.
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| CN104457461B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2017-07-07 | 中交路桥华南工程有限公司 | A kind of method of blasting seepage enhancement and its application |
| CN104912054A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-16 | 上海申元岩土工程有限公司 | Exploding and draining system used for processing liquefied foundation |
| CN105423832B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-03-22 | 广东中人集团建设有限公司 | Blast construction method of orientation window of thick-wall brick chimney |
| CN109990674A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-07-09 | 中交一公局桥隧工程有限公司 | One kind is for photoface exploision excavation method in constructing tunnel |
| CN114543603B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-07-28 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Determination method and device for mine blasting edge hole distance |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101832744A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2010-09-15 | 江南水利水电工程公司 | Blasting demolishing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005179924A (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-07-07 | Sumitomo Mitsui Construction Co Ltd | Method for blowing up and demolishing reinforced concrete structure |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101832744A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2010-09-15 | 江南水利水电工程公司 | Blasting demolishing method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 水利工地的岩体控制爆破研究;李新平等;《爆破》;19970625;第14卷(第2期);第31-33页 * |
| 泄洪洞钢筋砼高薄边墙切割拆除控制爆破技术;徐成光;《长江科学院院报》;20031230;第20卷(第S1期);第83-84页 * |
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