CN103819045B - A kind of magnetic loads the waste water recycling method of coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic loads the waste water recycling method of coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN103819045B CN103819045B CN201410036429.6A CN201410036429A CN103819045B CN 103819045 B CN103819045 B CN 103819045B CN 201410036429 A CN201410036429 A CN 201410036429A CN 103819045 B CN103819045 B CN 103819045B
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the waste water recycling method that a kind of magnetic loads coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination, comprise the steps: (1) dosing coagulant in reaction tank, form tiny flco; (2) tiny flco enters and loads mixing pit and magnetic carrier and generate magnetic and coagulate core; (3) magnetic is coagulated after core enters flocculation basin and is added flocculation agent, generates macrobead magnetic floc sedimentation; (4) magnetic carrier that magnetic floc sedimentation reclaims through magnetic drum separating machine after the dispersion of high speed dispersor strong stirring returns step (2), and supernatant liquor is collected through header and entered intermediate pool, and enter membrane separation plant fine filtering after water pump supercharging after, water outlet is for reuse.The present invention removes particulate matter, colloid and partial solubility organism before being used for membrane filtration in advance, effectively can avoid or reduce fouling membrane degree, improves cleaning interval and the work-ing life of membrane module.The present invention can be used for the resource utilization reuse of the industry waste water such as printing and dyeing, plating and papermaking, and the mark of carrying of sewage work is transformed and vacuum in draft tube.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology field, be specifically related to magnetic and load the waste water recycling method that coagulation clarification pretreatment technology and membrane sepn combine.
Background technology
Shortage of water resources and water environment pollution are the current great environmental problem faced of China, production system will be back to or life is used mixedly after Sewage advanced treatment, both valuable Freshwater resources can have effectively been saved and utilize, the quantity discharged of sewage or waste water can be reduced again, alleviate the pollution of water surrounding, there is obvious social benefit, environmental benefit and economic benefit.Waste water recycling has Three models usually, and coagulation-precipitation-filtration, coagulation-air supporting-filtration and membrane sepn, stable effluent quality, good filtration effect after membrane sepn, represent the future thrust of waste water recycling.
Membrane separating process carries out at normal temperatures, without phase transformation, it is a kind of isolation of purified technology efficiently, there is energy consumption low, equipment is simple and easy to operate, the feature of high efficiency, Absorbable organic halogens removes suspended particle in water, pathogenic bacteria, various dissolved organic matter and inorganics etc., membrane filtration is widely used in drink water purifying, sewage disposal, food-processing, medicine and other fields, the maximum restraining factors that current application of membrane separation technology exists are membrane pollution problems, fouling membrane is normally due to the particulate in feed liquid, colloidal particle or solute transportation and film existence Physicochemical interacts or mechanical effect and cause at film surface or fenestra internal adsorption, deposition, cause fenestra to diminish or block, film is made to produce the phenomenon weakened through flow and stalling characteristic.Fouling membrane causes the decline of Membrane Filtration Flux and the shortening in film work-ing life, thus increases the operation and maintenance expense of film.
Thus, fouling membrane becomes the key of restriction application of membrane and operation, and how effectively solving fouling membrane is the key that membrane filtration runs success or failure.The method that current control high-pressure membrane pollutes is divided into three kinds substantially, and one is the part physical chemical property changing charging; Two is change operating method; Three is clean the film polluted.At present activated charcoal filter or ion exchange resin is usually adopted to remove larger molecular organics in water or salt to pre-treatment before the high-pressure membrane such as nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, this pretreatment technology cost is higher, activated charcoal filter and ion exchange resin need routine cleaning or regeneration simultaneously, operating process is comparatively complicated, and working cost is higher.Coagulation is as materializing strategy technique the most frequently used in water treatment, it is electrical that coagulation process can change surface particles, reduce the electrical absorption of suspended particle on film surface, thus, coagulation can avoid cake layer to be adhering closely to film surface as pre-treatment before membrane sepn, reduce membrane filtration cake layer resistance and concentration polarization resistance, improve membrane flux.
On traditional coagulation-settlement process basis, magnetic loads the high efficient solid and liquid separation technology that coagulation clarification is the research of recent domestic recent development, this technique accelerates on clarification technique basis at contact flocculation, a kind of new and effective solid-liquid separation technique applying flocculation morphology theory of proposition.Its principle mainly by add appropriate proportion larger add supporting agent (pump around circuit mud, quartz sand, magnetic etc.), make it to be formed in mixing and flocculation process fine and close " the solidifying core " with colloid performance, solidifying endorsing rolls up with strong adsorption the fine particle swept in water, between each in settling process " solidifying core ", collision is condensed into larger fine and close floc sedimentation and sinks fast mutually, thus realize high speed solid-liquid separation, thus the residence time of mud at settling tank is shortened, the probability of collision added between particle is added due to a large amount of loading particles, the dosage of medicament can be saved.
Magneto separate water technology has that technique is simple, efficient, the feature of non-secondary pollution, achieves large development in recent years in raising water treatment procedure efficiency and improving technique.Patent of invention as U.S.Pat.NO6099738 discloses a kind of by strengthening dissolved organic matter to water body premagnetization by the method for coagulating agent precipitation removal ability, make colloidal solid de-steady by dosing coagulant, and and then add magnetic kind and flocculation agent, after precipitate and separate, electromagnetic filter is utilized to dam efficiently residual contaminants floc sedimentation in water to supernatant liquor, and with magnetic drum separator, magnetic kind is reclaimed, cycling and reutilization after treatment.
Application number be 201010593729.6 patent of invention disclose a kind of magnetization-membrane filter appts, its structure is made up of magnetization unit, membrane filter unit, water inlet/water circulating pump and supporting pipeline, effectively ensure that the magnetic efficiency to former water by the bilayer structure of inner and outer sleeves and circulation line, and improve performance and the cleaning performance of membrane filtration by the combination of membrane filter unit and permanent magnet.
Application number be 201210306371.3 patent of invention disclose high gradient magnetic separator and control the method that high-pressure membrane surface inorganic pollutes, effective magnetic conduction gap is rearranged by multipair permanent magnet, and in gap, fill magnetic stainless steel hair, can form high-gradient magnetic field on steel wool, and the inorganic scaling utilizing scale-forming ion form in the specific change high-pressure membrane water inlet of the magnetization of high-gradient magnetic field to carry out controlling diaphragm pollutes.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the waste water recycling method that a kind of magnetic loads coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination, solve the problem that before current membrane sepn, pretreatment technology is low to dissolubility pollutant clearance in water, investment running cost is high.
Magnetic loads a waste water recycling method for coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination, comprises the steps:
Comprise the steps:
(1) in reaction tank, dosing coagulant in waste water, is uniformly mixed the tiny flco of formation;
(2) waste water producing tiny flco in step (1) enters and loads the magnetic with colloid performance that magnetic carrier that mixing pit and Magneto separate reclaim generates densification and coagulate core;
(3) produce the waste water that magnetic coagulates core in step (2) and add polymeric flocculant after entering flocculation basin, to build bridge and net is caught effect magnetic and coagulated the core absorption volume fine particle swept in water and generate macrobead magnetic floc sedimentation at polymeric flocculant;
(4) the magnetic floc sedimentation produced in step (3) sinks to entering sludge bucket after in tube settler, collision is condensed into fine and close floc sedimentation mutually fast, and the magnetic carrier that the magnetic floc sedimentation in sludge bucket reclaims through magnetic drum separating machine after the dispersion of high speed dispersor strong stirring returns step (2); Supernatant liquor enters intermediate pool after header is collected, and enter membrane separation plant fine filtering after water pump supercharging after, water outlet is for reuse.
The new and effective solid-liquid separation technique of the present invention's application flocculation morphology theory, its principle mainly passes through the larger magnetic carrier of circulating proportion, make it to be formed in mixing and flocculation process fine and close " the solidifying core " with colloid performance, solidifying endorsing rolls up with strong adsorption the fine particle swept in water, between each in settling process " solidifying core ", collision is condensed into larger fine and close floc sedimentation and sinks fast mutually, thus realizes high speed solid-liquid separation.
Magnetic loads coagulation Magneto separate clarification process by reaction tank, load mixing pit, flocculation basin and tube settler composition, first waste water promote through pump and enter reaction tank, dosing coagulant in reaction tank, loading mixing pit is entered by double-layer paddle formula stirrer stirring reaction under rotating speed is 60-80r/min after producing tiny flco in reaction tank, above loading mixing pit, high speed dispersor and magnetic drum separating machine are housed, carry out Magneto separate and reclaim magnetic carrier, enter after high speed dispersor when being deposited on the magnetic sludge in sludge bucket through spiral pump, the desorption of magnetic carrier and mud granule in mud is made under high speed dispersor strong shear dissemination, then through the magnetic drum of magnetic drum separating machine magnetic carrier in mud utilized permanent magnetic Separation and Recovery out circulating to loading mixing pit, the mass concentration loading magnetic carrier in mixing pit is 1-3 kg/tonne of water, by individual layer Frame type stirrer under rotating speed is 40-50r/min under whipped state, the magnetic carrier of tiny flco and circulating generates the fine and close magnetic with colloid performance and coagulates core.
After this, the polyacrylamide flocculant of 1-3 gram of/ton of water is added in flocculation basin, under double-deck Frame type stirrer 20-30r/min low rate mixing, under the bridge formation of flocculation agent long chain molecule charged group and net catch effect, make magnetic coagulate the core absorption volume fine particle swept in water generate macrobead magnetic floc sedimentation, then evenly flow into through tube settler through water distributor and be deposited on sludge bucket, supernatant liquor enters intermediate pool after header is collected, according to reuse water end-use and water quality requirement, enter after water pump supercharging membrane separation plant fine filtering be separated after to remove residual particles and the organism of waste water further, water outlet is to meet the water-quality guideline of corresponding reuse water, concentrate recirculation after nanofiltration or ultrafiltration is to reaction tank.
As preferably, described coagulating agent is polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate or aluminium iron polychloride, and dosage is 30-500mg/L, namely adds 30-500mg in often liter of waste water; Further preferably, described coagulating agent is polymerize aluminum chloride, and dosage is 80-300mg/L.As preferably, described magnetic carrier is magnetite powder, iron scale or iron powder, and its granularity is at 200-350 order.
Most preferred technical scheme, the stirring of described reaction tank adopts double-layer paddle formula stirrer, and rotating speed is 60-80r/min; The stirring of described loading mixing pit adopts individual layer Frame type stirrer, and rotating speed is 40-50r/min; The stirring of described flocculation basin adopts double-deck Frame type stirrer, and rotating speed is 20-30r/min; Described coagulating agent is polymerize aluminum chloride, and dosage is 80-300mg/L; Described magnetic carrier is magnetite powder, iron scale or iron powder, and its granularity is at 200-350 order.
Repeatedly prove through great many of experiments, under the combination of above-mentioned optimum condition, the treatment effect that magnetic loads coagulation clarification is better, and the removal of Pollutants in Wastewater is more thorough, enters in membrane separation plant minimum to the pollution level of film through the pretreated waste water of above-mentioned preferably combination condition.
As preferably, described membrane separation plant is hyperfiltration membrane assembly, reverse osmosis membrane assembly, ultrafiltration-nanofiltration membrane system, filtration-reverse osmosis membranous system or membrane bioreactor.With regard to membrane separation plant originally as conventional membrane separation plant of the prior art, the treatment process in membrane separation plant also adopts the common process of the art.
Compared to pretreatment technology such as sand filtration before the film separating system of routine, multi-medium filtering and activated carbon filtrations, magnetic load coagulation clarification technique by coagulation, absorption in coagulating sedimentation sepn process, volume sweeps and suspended substance tiny in water or deliquescent pollutent precipitate and separate get off by the effect of precipitation of reuniting.Simultaneously by after precipitation in mud magnetic reclaim circulating through magnetic drum separating machine and also can play effect to magnetic weakly magnetization, by the same waste water of the magnetic of weakly magnetization, water molecules polarity can be made to increase, the zwitterion of the salt in water will be surrounded by water dipole and make it not easily to move, inhibit calcium, the precipitation of the easy scale-forming ion such as magnesium, in addition, low-intensity magnetic field has restraining effect to a certain degree to bacterium and microbial growth, thus, not only particulate matter and dissolved organic matter can be effectively removed after loading the process of coagulation Magneto separate settling pond, also calcium can be slowed down by the effect of low-intensity magnetic field, the fouling membrane that magnesium ion and microorganism cause.
Compared with pretreatment technology before existing membrane sepn, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Magnetic of the present invention loads the waste water recycling method of coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination, the magnetic sludge sedimentation speed that magnetic loads coagulation clarification technique can arrive 8-15m/h, settling rate is about 10 times of conventional settling tank, hydraulic retention is short, reaction and clarified separation time are no more than 20min, and floor space is about the 1/4-1/2 in conventional precipitation pond.Load the mud flco that magnetic carrier produces closely knit, magnetic sludge floc sedimentation sludge volume index SV30 is about the 1/3-1/2 of mud SV30 after common coagulating sedimentation, can save coagulating agent 10-25%, reduces running cost 20%.Magnetic loads coagulation clarification technique can remove particulate matter, colloid and partial solubility organism for pre-treatment before membrane filtration, effectively can avoid or reduce fouling membrane degree, improves cleaning interval and the work-ing life of membrane module.
The present invention adopts magnetic to load the waste water recycling method of coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination, the clearance that the pretreated waste water of coagulation clarification can improve Organic Pollutants in Wastewater is loaded through magnetic, effectively avoid or reduce fouling membrane degree, improve cleaning life-span and the work-ing life of membrane module, reduce membrane treatment process running cost; Membrane treatment process carries out further advanced treatment to the waste water after magnetic loading coagulation clarification, and more thorough to the treatment effect of waste water, two kinds of techniques influence each other, mutually work in coordination with, and the common treatment effect improving waste water, reduces the cost of wastewater treatment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional structure chart that magnetic loads coagulation clarification pond.
Fig. 2 is the plane structure chart that magnetic loads coagulation clarification pond.
Fig. 3 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
The pretreated object of membrane separation process mainly removes dissolubility pollutant in water, the generation of decelerating membrane pollution, magnetic loads coagulation clarification technique and suspended substance tiny in sewage or deliquescent pollutent precipitate and separate is got off by adsorbing, rolling up the effect of sweeping with stratification precipitation in coagulating sedimentation sepn process, adding by reclaiming Posterior circle to magnetic carrier in mud after precipitation through magnetic drum separating machine the effect also can played magnetic weakly magnetization simultaneously, slow down the fouling membrane that calcium, magnesium ion and microorganism cause.
The principle that magnetic loads coagulation clarification technique is by the larger magnetic carrier of circulating proportion, make it to be formed in mixing and flocculation process fine and close " the solidifying core " with colloid performance, solidifying endorsing rolls up with strong adsorption the fine particle swept in water, between each in settling process " solidifying core ", collision is condensed into larger fine and close floc sedimentation and sinks fast mutually, thus realizes high speed solid-liquid separation.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, magnetic loads coagulation Magneto separate clarifying plant and is made up of reaction tank 1, loading mixing pit 2, flocculation basin 3 and tube settler 4, as shown in Figure 3, first waste water promote through pump and enter reaction tank 1, dosing coagulant 30-500mg/L in reaction tank 1, is entered after producing tiny flco by double-layer paddle formula stirrer 5 stirring reaction under rotating speed is 60-80r/min and loads mixing pit 2 in reaction tank 1.
Above loading mixing pit 2, high speed dispersor 10 and magnetic drum separating machine 11 are housed, enter after high speed dispersor 10 when being deposited on the magnetic sludge in sludge bucket 10 through spiral pump, magnetic carrier and mud granule desorption in mud is made under high speed dispersor 10 teeth dispersion impeller 960r/min rotating speed strong shear dissemination, then through the magnetic drum of magnetic drum separating machine 11 magnetic carrier in mud utilized permanent magnetic Separation and Recovery out circulating to loading mixing pit 2, the mass concentration loading magnetic carrier in mixing pit 2 is 1-3 kg/tonne of water, by individual layer Frame type stirrer 6 under rotating speed is 40-50r/min under whipped state, the magnetic carrier of tiny flco and circulation and stress generates the fine and close magnetic with colloid performance and coagulates core.
The polyacrylamide flocculant of 1-3 gram of/ton of water is added in flocculation basin 3, under double-deck Frame type stirrer 7 rotating speed is 20-30r/min low rate mixing, under the bridge formation of flocculation agent long chain molecule charged group and net catch effect, make magnetic coagulate the core absorption volume fine particle swept in water generate macrobead magnetic floc sedimentation, then evenly flow into through tube settler through water distributor 8, magnetic sludge floc sedimentation enters sludge bucket 10, after header is collected, intermediate pool is entered after clear water retains fine particle thing further by inclined tube 9, according to reuse water end-use and water quality requirement, through water pump supercharging laggard enter hyperfiltration membrane assembly, reverse osmosis membrane assembly, ultrafiltration-nanofiltration membrane system, filtration-reverse osmosis membranous system or membrane bioreactor, to remove residual particles and the organism of waste water further after membrane sepn, water outlet is to meet the water-quality guideline of corresponding reuse water, concentrate recirculation after nanofiltration or ultrafiltration is to reaction tank, the equipment and process of membrane sepn section adopts conventional equipment ripe in prior art and technique.
Embodiment 1
After certain printing and dyeing mill's biochemical treatment, the waste water water yield is 2000 tons/day, and COD is 191mg/L, and turbidity is 19.38NTU, and suspended substance is 70mg/L, and iron ion is 0.78mg/L.
Waste water promotes through impeller pump and enters reaction tank, polymerize aluminum chloride coagulating agent 80mg/L is added in reaction tank, tiny flco is generated under reaction tank double-layer paddle formula stirrer rotating speed is 73r/min stirring, load waste water mixing in mixing pit and adopt individual layer Frame type stirrer, rotating speed is 43r/min, and the magnetite powder that the tiny flco produced in reaction tank and magnetic drum separating machine reclaim generates the fine and close magnetic with colloid performance and coagulates core under waterpower mixing velocity gradient effect.
In flocculation basin, add the polyacrylamide flocculant of 2 grams of/ton of water and generating macrobead magnetic floc sedimentation under double-deck Frame type stirrer 20-30r/min low rate mixing, then evenly flow into magnetic sludge floc sedimentation after tube settler through water distributor and enter sludge bucket, magnetic sludge generation is 8% of wastewater flow rate, the magnetic sludge be deposited in sludge bucket enters after high speed dispersor through spiral pump, high speed dispersor adopts tooth type dispersion impeller, rotating speed is 960r/min, the desorption of magnetite powder and mud granule in mud is made under high shear, then through the magnetic drum of magnetic drum separating machine magnetite powder in mud utilized permanent magnetic Separation and Recovery out Posterior circle be added to loading mixing pit, the rate of recovery of magnetite powder is 98.5%, the granularity loading magnetite powder in mixing pit is about 300 orders, mass concentration is 3 kgs/tonne of water.
The surface precipitation load of tube settler reaches 8.5m/h, supernatant liquor enters intermediate pool after header is collected, through water pump supercharging laggard enter after ultrafiltration-reverse osmosis membrane assembly fine filtering water outlet COD be 12mg/L, turbidity is 0.2NTU, suspended substance is 2mg/L, iron ion is 0.05mg/L, and water outlet meets enterprise's cleaning and the process section such as to dye cloth to water quality requirement, can be back to enterprise's water of productive use.
Embodiment 2
Certain municipal sewage plant influent COD average out to 350mg/L, suspended substance average out to 310mg/L, total phosphorus average out to 6.8mg/L.
Waste water enters reaction tank through promoting, polymerize aluminum chloride coagulating agent 300mg/L is added in reaction tank, tiny flco is generated under reaction tank double-layer paddle formula stirrer rotating speed is 85r/min stirring, load waste water mixing in mixing pit and adopt individual layer Frame type stirrer, rotating speed is 37r/min, and the magnetite powder that the tiny flco produced in reaction tank and magnetic drum separating machine reclaim generates the fine and close magnetic with colloid performance and coagulates core under waterpower mixing velocity gradient effect.
In flocculation basin, add the polyacrylamide flocculant of 3 grams of/ton of water and generating macrobead magnetic floc sedimentation under double-deck Frame type stirrer 15r/min low rate mixing, then evenly flow into after tube settler through water distributor, magnetic sludge floc sedimentation enters sludge bucket, magnetic sludge generation is 13% of wastewater flow rate, the magnetic sludge be deposited in sludge bucket enters after high speed dispersor through spiral pump, high speed dispersor adopts tooth type dispersion impeller, rotating speed is 1200r/min, the desorption of magnetite powder and mud granule in mud is made under high shear, then through the magnetic drum of magnetic drum separating machine magnetite powder in mud utilized permanent magnetic Separation and Recovery out circulating to loading mixing pit, the rate of recovery of magnetite powder is 97%, the granularity loading magnetite powder in mixing pit is about 280 orders, mass concentration is 4 kgs/tonne of water.
The surface precipitation load of tube settler reaches 6.8m/h, after supernatant liquor enters Membrane Bioreactor for Wastewater Treatment after header is collected, water outlet COD is lower than 60mg/L, suspended substance is less than 5mg/L, and total phosphorus is less than 0.3mg/L, and water outlet meets " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " one-level B standard.
Claims (4)
1. magnetic loads a waste water recycling method for coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) in reaction tank, dosing coagulant in waste water, is uniformly mixed and forms tiny flco;
The stirring of described reaction tank adopts double-layer paddle formula stirrer, and rotating speed is 60-80r/min;
(2) waste water producing tiny flco in step (1) enters and loads the magnetic with colloid performance that magnetic carrier that mixing pit and Magneto separate reclaim generates densification and coagulate core;
The stirring of described loading mixing pit adopts individual layer Frame type stirrer, and rotating speed is 40-50r/min;
(3) produce the waste water that magnetic coagulates core in step (2) and add polymeric flocculant after entering flocculation basin, to build bridge and net is caught effect magnetic and coagulated the core absorption volume fine particle swept in water and generate macrobead magnetic floc sedimentation at polymeric flocculant;
The stirring of described flocculation basin adopts double-deck Frame type stirrer, and rotating speed is 20-30r/min;
(4) the magnetic floc sedimentation produced in step (3) sinks to entering sludge bucket after in tube settler, collision is condensed into fine and close floc sedimentation mutually fast, and the magnetic carrier that the magnetic floc sedimentation in sludge bucket reclaims through magnetic drum separating machine after the dispersion of high speed dispersor strong stirring returns step (2); Supernatant liquor enters intermediate pool after header is collected, and enter membrane separation plant fine filtering after water pump supercharging after, water outlet is for reuse;
The blade of described high speed dispersor is teeth shape tray type structure, and rotating speed is 960-2000r/min, and the surface induction intensity of magnetic drum separating machine is 1800-4500 Gauss, and magnetic drum rotating speed is 8-20r/min.
2. a kind of magnetic loads the waste water recycling method of coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described coagulating agent is polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate or aluminium iron polychloride, and dosage is 30-500mg/L.
3. a kind of magnetic loads the waste water recycling method of coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described magnetic carrier is magnetite powder, iron scale or iron powder, and its granularity is at 200-350 order.
4. a kind of magnetic loads the waste water recycling method of coagulation clarification and membrane sepn combination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described membrane separation plant is hyperfiltration membrane assembly, reverse osmosis membrane assembly, ultrafiltration-nanofiltration membrane system, filtration-reverse osmosis membranous system or membrane bioreactor.
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