CN103808502A - Measuring device and measuring method for element torsion and position parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring device, in particular to a measuring device for the torsion characteristics measurement including a component torsion measurement or the main cable of a suspension bridge and the like, and further relates to the method beneficial for the measuring device to measure. The measuring device for element torsion and position parameters comprises a fixing seat, and is characterized by further comprising three optical reflectors connected with the fixing seat; the fixing seat can be fixed on a tested element, and three optical reflectors connected with the fixing seat and the tested section of the tested element are located on a same plane. A principle of using the device to measure is that the three-dimensional coordinates of three observation points of a measuring point reflection unit at all stages are measured through a total station; furthermore, the data processing is carried out on the obtained three-dimensional coordinate, so that the central coordinates and the torsion angles of the tested section of the main cable at all stages can be obtained. The measuring device provided by the invention is simple in structure, low in measurement cost and good in effect.

Description

For measurement mechanism and the measuring method of element torsion and location parameter

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism, particularly can be for member being reversed to the measurement mechanism that the torque characteristics such as measurement or main rope of suspension bridge are measured.

The invention still further relates to the method that above-mentioned measurement mechanism is measured that is beneficial to.

Background technology

The suspension bridge of Spatial Cable face is due to except the design feature with general suspension bridge, also because its main push-towing rope and hoist cable adopt three-dimensional arrangement form, the lateral stiffness and the torsional rigidity that have improved system, increased wind resistance shock resistance, and will more and more be widely adopted.But the main push-towing rope of Spatial Cable face suspension bridge is transformed into into by empty cable vertical plane state in the spatiality process of bridge and there will be torsion phenomenon, the appearance meeting of this phenomenon is installed to cord clip and follow-up adjustment makes troubles, also to the stressed adverse effect of bringing of cord clip.Grasp its torque characteristic, be conducive to further Accurate Analysis space main cable suspension bridge stressed, guarantee carrying out smoothly of construction.

At present, the method that shop experiment is measured torsional deflection is very ripe, as: document 1(GB/T10128-2007 " metal material room temperature twisting test method " [S]) utilize torsion testing machine to measure the torsional deflection of test specimen, but owing to having adopted this main equipment of torsion testing machine, and need the test specimen of production standard, therefore, this method cannot be transplanted to working-yard application.In physics, also just like document 2-4(Qiao Yan peak, Wang Chenglong etc., Moire fringe is measured the project study [J] at torsional deflection angle, optical precision engineering, 2008,19(11): 2132-2139[; Li Xiangrong, Qiao Yanfeng, Liu Wei etc., the interferometry fringe processing [J] that torsional deflection is measured, photoelectric project, 2005,32 (12): 47-50; Ding Zhenhong, Ji little Jun, Liu Yuehua, a kind of design of axle torsional deflection dynamic measurement system and realization [J], China Mechanical Engineering, 2011,22(14): 1672-1675) applied optics principle is measured the torsion method of test specimen, but Test Condition Requirements harshness, working-yard cannot meet.Also have application dial gauge to measure the torsion method of test specimen, as document 5(Guo Xue east, Chen Xiaofeng, the design of portable torsional deflection test instrument with put into practice [J].Ningxia engineering, 2010(9): the measurement of the test specimen torsion angle 122-124) etc.At present, the most popular method of measuring torsion angle in civil engineering work is to use inclinator to measure the size of torsion angle, as refined in document 6[Sun Huan.Prestressed concrete bracket is subject to torsional test research [J].Zhejiang Polytechnic College journal, 1989(4): 38-43] in the measurement of member torsion angle.Although the method can meet most of engineering survey needs, but also exist a lot of not enough: one, appliance requires power supply (generally adopting powered battery), if when long-time tracking measurement, need to change battery, this will increase extra work amount, sometimes even cannot arrive apparatus installation position and remove to change battery; Its two, need near observation, reading of data cannot be realized in the place that some testing crews cannot arrive; Its three, the safeguard measures such as the good rain and sun of appliance requires; Its four, surveying instrument need to additionally be purchased, increase measure cost; Its five, because weight can not ignore and be subject to mounting condition to limit, it is not suitable for primary structural component measures, as: primary structural component in indoor scale (model) test reverses to be measured.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of measurement mechanism that is suitable for simply and easily the torsion of in-site measurement detected element and position; The method that this device is measured that is beneficial to is provided simultaneously.

Measurement mechanism for element torsion and location parameter provided by the invention, comprises holder, characterized by further comprising three reflective optical systems that are connected with holder; Described holder can be fixed in detected element, and the measured section of three reflective optical systems that make to be connected with holder and detected element is in the same plane.

Measurement mechanism for element torsion and location parameter provided by the invention, can be for the twisting states of the main push-towing rope of measurement suspension bridge.While measurement, the holder of measurement mechanism need to be fixed on to each sectional position of detected element.

While utilizing above-mentioned measuring equipment to carry out in-site measurement, need to use total powerstation.Total powerstation is routine measurement equipment, without repeating.And reflective optical system can adopt reflecting prism sheet.

When measurement mechanism is fixed to behind some sectional positions of main push-towing rope, reflect that the position in a certain cross section of main push-towing rope and (a set of) measuring point reflection unit of windup-degree provide 3 observation stations for total powerstation.The general technical principle of this invention is: the measuring point reflection unit of research and development reflection main push-towing rope sectional position and windup-degree; Three-dimensional coordinate by three observation stations of total station survey measuring point reflection unit in each stage; The three-dimensional coordinate of gained is carried out to data processing, obtain centre coordinate and the windup-degree of main push-towing rope measured section in each stage.

Be fixed on main push-towing rope measured section position can with this cross-sectional displacement and rotation with three reflecting prism sheets (coplanar not conllinear), by the difference of three reflector plate positioned opposite positions, be divided into two kinds of orthogonal modes and nonopiate patterns, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.No matter orthogonal modes, or nonopiate pattern, the plane at three prismatic lens places all should be perpendicular to the main push-towing rope axis at tested place in stressed each stage, and the plane at three prismatic lens places should be all the time on the xsect at tested main push-towing rope place.

If installing space is unrestricted, and the observation visual field freely, and three observation station CE1, CE2, CE3 in measurement mechanism press the orthogonal modes shown in Fig. 1 and install, and like this, follow-up computation process is relatively simpler.

If installing space is restricted, or observe the visual field be stopped, can be according to actual conditions, adopt the nonopiate formula pattern shown in Fig. 2 to install.But the data handling procedure under this Installation Modes is more loaded down with trivial details.

After using total powerstation to measure three prismatic lenses, can obtain the coordinate of measured section in different phase, thereby can calculate the torsion location parameter of detected element.

Measurement mechanism and method for element torsion and location parameter provided by the invention can, according to the volume coordinate in 3, measured different phase main push-towing rope cross section, obtain locus and the variation thereof of main push-towing rope windup-degree and main push-towing rope kernel of section in the lump.Its composition one of total powerstation by general bridge building site essential, without extra increasing purchase; Two the measuring point reflection unit of its composition is mainly and is fixed on three prismatic lenses (being called for short 3 points on main push-towing rope cross section) that meet certain arrangement condition on main push-towing rope cross section, with low cost, the size shape of its layout and installation method can be according to rationally being adopted by the size shape of geodesic structure, installing space and observation condition; Without power supply with near observation; Lightweight, on little by the impact of geodesic structure position shape, be particularly useful for the experimental test of indoor reduced scale main push-towing rope model, both can be used for the torsion of bridge main push-towing rope and location parameter and measured, also can promote for torsion and the location parameter of other small size components and measure.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of reflective optical system arrangement 1 in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of reflective optical system arrangement 2 in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is structural representation Fig. 1 of the measurement mechanism for element torsion and location parameter provided by the invention;

Fig. 4 is structural representation Fig. 2 of the measurement mechanism for element torsion and location parameter provided by the invention.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The present embodiment is to measure main rope of suspension bridge and reverse and location parameter describes as example.

Fig. 3 is shown in by measurement mechanism for element torsion and location parameter provided by the invention, comprises holder 1, three the reflecting prism sheets (being reflective optical system) 5,6,7 that are connected with holder by bar 2,3,4; Described holder can be fixed in detected element, and the measured section of three reflective optical systems that make to be connected with holder and detected element 8 is in the same plane.

Adopt " orthogonal modes " shown in Fig. 1 to arrange three brims with prismatic lens, observation station numbering is respectively CE1 and CE2 and CE3.

Embodiment is as follows:

(1) type selecting of holder and processing: according to the holder form of the selected measuring point reflection units such as the physical dimension of detected element, material, cross sectional shape, installing space size, observation visual field condition and the Installation Modes of brim, and select and make material, carry out machining making by designing requirement.

(2) installation of measurement mechanism: no matter adopt which kind of holder and brim (being bar and the prismatic lens that is fixed on bar one end) Installation Modes, when installation, must guarantee that the reflective prismatic lens of pasting on three brims is in same plane (in order to improve the coplanar effect of reflective prismatic lens of pasting on three brims, can first on the workbench of level, debug, and then be installed to main push-towing rope test position place), and all towards the total powerstation of survey station; Must guarantee to install firmly, without relatively moving or rotating; For reduced data processing procedure, require three brims to adopt identical length, and be numbered the brim of CE2 and the initial angle of surface level is as far as possible little.

(3) Installation and Debugging of total powerstation: carry out by the requirement of total powerstation working specification.

(4) observation station numbering: by " technical scheme " about coordinate system and observation station requirement: X-axis is that bridge is horizontal, and sensing hoist cable stretch-draw direction one side is for just; Y-axis is that bridge is longitudinal; Z axis is that bridge is vertical, and straight up for just.And require three observation station CE1, CE2 on measuring point reflection unit, the x coordinate of CE3 to meet x ₂>=x ₃>=x ₁, by this requirement, the prismatic lens on three brims is compiled respectively as CE1, CE2, CE3, and drawn data recording form, be convenient to follow-up measurement data record and processing.

(5) DATA REASONING and record.

(6) data processing, obtains the size of kernel of section coordinate figure and cross section torsion angle.

(7) complete surveying work.

Data processing method and computing formula

If the X-axis of coordinate system is that bridge is horizontal, and be positive dirction along suspension rod stretch-draw direction one side; Y-axis is that bridge is longitudinal; Z axis is that bridge is vertical, and is positive dirction straight up, and the coordinate of three observation station CE1, CE2, CE3 and main push-towing rope cross-section center O on measuring point reflection unit is respectively (x ₁, y ₁, z ₁), (x ₂, y ₂, z ₂), (x ₃, y ₃, z ₃) and (x ₀, y ₀, z ₀), and x ₂>=x ₃>=x ₁; Observation station CE1, CE2, CE3 equate and coplanar to main push-towing rope cross-section center distance, the transverse cross-section parallel of this face and main push-towing rope.The centre coordinate of main push-towing rope measured section and torsion angle computing method are as follows.

The centre coordinate of main push-towing rope measured section

If installing space is unrestricted, and the observation visual field freely, and three observation station CE1, CE2, CE3 of suggestion measuring point reflection unit press the orthogonal modes shown in Fig. 1 (the essential conllinear of CE1, CE2) is installed, and this kind of mode can reduced data processing procedure.Require (being that measuring point CE1, CE2, CE3 are equal and coplanar to main push-towing rope cross-section center distance) according to the setting of observation station, the three-dimensional coordinate at main push-towing rope center can be tried to achieve by measuring point CE1, CE2:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_0=\frac{x_1+x_2}{2}\\ y_0=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}_2}{2}\\ z_0=\frac{z_1+z_2}{2}\end{array}\right....\left(1\right)$

The torsion angle of main push-towing rope measured section

Know the xsect of measuring point CE1, CE2,3 definite plane P 1(main push-towing ropes of CE3 by " higher mathematics " (" higher mathematics " [M], Beijing, Higher education publishing is established, 289-336 for the Wang Fu principal columns of a hall, Wang Fubao etc.)) normal vector

for:

$\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_1}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}i& j& k\\ x_2-x_1& y_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& y_3-y_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|$

That is:

$\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_1}\left(\begin{array}{c}\end{array}\left|\begin{array}{cc}{y}_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ y_3-y_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|,-\left|\begin{array}{cc}{x}_2-x_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& z_3-z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|,\left|\begin{array}{cc}{x}_2-x_1& y_2-y_1\\ x_3-x_1& y_3-y_1\end{array}\right|\right)$

If crossing the surface level P2(of main push-towing rope cross-section center O is xoy coordinate plane) normal vector is:

the intersection of plane P 1 and P2 is a space line, and its direction vector for:

$\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_3}=\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_2}\&times;\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_1}=\left|\begin{array}{}\end{array}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& i& \\ & 0& \\ y_2-y_1& & z_2-z_1\\ y_3-y_1& & z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|-\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& j& \\ & 0& \\ x_2-x_1& & z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& & z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& k& \\ & 1& \\ x_2-x_1& & y_2-y_1\\ x_3-x_1& & y_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|\right|\\ =\left|\begin{array}{c}\end{array}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& 0& \\ x_2-x_1& & z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& & z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& 1& \\ x_2-x_1& & y_2-y_1\\ x_3-x_1& & y_3-y_1\end{array}\right|\&CenterDot;i-\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& 0& \\ y_2-y_1& & z_2-z_1\\ y_3-y_1& & z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& 1& \\ x_2-x_1& & y_2-y_1\\ x_3-x_1& & y_3-y_1\end{array}\right|\right|\&CenterDot;j\\ +\left|\begin{array}{}\end{array}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& 0& \\ y_2-y_1& & z_2-z_1\\ y_3-y_1& & z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|-\left|\begin{array}{ccc}& 0& \\ x_2-x_1& & z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& & z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|\&CenterDot;k\right|\end{array}$

That is:

$\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_3}=\left(\begin{array}{c}\end{array}\left|\begin{array}{cc}{x}_2-x_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|,\left|\begin{array}{cc}{y}_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ y_3-y_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|,0\right)$

The direction vector of observation station CE2 and center of circle straight line that O connects is:

$\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_4}=(x_2-x_0,y_2-y_0,z_2-z_0)$

And two vectors

with

coplanar, known two vectors by dot product formula

with

angle is:

$\mathrm{\&theta;}\arccos \frac{\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_3}\&CenterDot;\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_4}}{\left|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_3}\right|\&CenterDot;\left|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_4}\right|}$

If

$a_x=\begin{array}{ccc}\left|\begin{array}{cc}{x}_2-x_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|& a_y=\left|\begin{array}{cc}{y}_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ y_3-y_1& z_3-z_1\end{array}\right|& a_z\end{array}=0$

b _x=x ₂-x ₀?b _y=y ₂-y ₀?b _z=z ₂-z ₀

:

$\mathrm{\&theta;}=\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="arccos\; n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">arccos</figure-callout>}\frac{\stackrel{}{n_{}}}{}\frac{\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{}_3}\&CenterDot;\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_4}}{\left|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_3}\right|\&CenterDot;\left|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_4}\right|}=\arccos \frac{a_x{b}_x+a_y{b}_y+a_z{b}_z}{\sqrt{a_x^2+a_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}^2+a_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}^2}\&CenterDot;\sqrt{b_x^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b\; y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_y^{}+b_z^2}}(0\&le;\mathrm{\&theta;}\&le;\mathrm{\&pi;})$

Angle more than prescribed level face is for just, and θ is rewritten as:

$\mathrm{\&theta;}=\mathrm{sign}\left(b_z\right)\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="arccos\; n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">arccos</figure-callout>}\frac{\stackrel{}{n_{}}}{}\frac{\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{}_3}\&CenterDot;\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_4}}{\left|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_3}\right|\&CenterDot;\left|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_4}\right|}=\mathrm{sign}\left(b_z\right)\&CenterDot;\arccos \frac{a_x{b}_x+a_y{b}_y+a_z{b}_z}{\sqrt{a_x^2+a_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}^2+a_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}^2}\&CenterDot;\sqrt{b_x^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b\; y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000011.png,HDA0000463233450000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_y^{}+b_z^2}}(-\mathrm{\&pi;}\&le;\mathrm{\&theta;}\&le;\mathrm{\&pi;})$

In formula, sign () is for getting sign function.

If recording angle before loading is θ ₀, after loading, recording angle is θ ', loads the torsion angle φ size producing to be:

φ=Δθ=θ'-θ ₀?(-π≤φ≤π)...................(3)

The computing formula of torsion angle φ is required to meet following 2 points: one, θ ₀should be as far as possible little, require the initial angle of observation station CE2 and x axle as far as possible little; Its two, the measurement range of this device is

please don't outrange use.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment is to measure main rope of suspension bridge and reverse and location parameter describes as example.

Adopt " the nonopiate pattern " shown in Fig. 2,4 to arrange three brims with prismatic lens, observation station numbering is respectively CE1 and CE2 and CE3.

Embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Adopt " nonopiate pattern " to arrange in the situation of brim, formula (2) pressed respectively by the measured value of main push-towing rope cross-section center position coordinates and torsion angle and formula (3) calculates.

Data processing method and computing formula

If the X-axis of coordinate system is that bridge is horizontal, and be positive dirction along suspension rod stretch-draw direction one side; Y-axis is that bridge is longitudinal; Z axis is that bridge is vertical, and is positive dirction straight up, and the coordinate of three observation station CE1, CE2, CE3 and main push-towing rope cross-section center O on measuring point reflection unit is respectively (x ₁, y ₁, z ₁), (x ₂, y ₂, z ₂), (x ₃, y ₃, z ₃) and (x ₀, y ₀, z ₀), and x ₂>=x ₃>=x ₁; Observation station CE1, CE2, CE3 equate and coplanar to main push-towing rope cross-section center distance, the transverse cross-section parallel of this face and main push-towing rope.The centre coordinate of main push-towing rope measured section and torsion angle computing method are as follows.

The centre coordinate of main push-towing rope measured section

Require (being that measuring point CE1, CE2, CE3 are equal and coplanar to main push-towing rope cross-section center distance) according to the setting of observation station, the three-dimensional coordinate at main push-towing rope center must be by measuring point CE1, CE2,3 concyclic garden heart coordinates that solve of CE3, and process is as follows:

By " higher mathematics " ^[7]know, the plane equation of crossing 3 of CE1, CE2, CE3 is:

$\left|\begin{array}{ccc}x-x_1& y-y_1& z-z_1\\ x_2-x_1& y_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& y_3-y_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|=0$

Center of circle O (x ₀, y ₀, z ₀) be also positioned at this plane, central coordinate of circle (x ₀, y ₀, z ₀) meet after substitution above formula

$\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_0-x_1& y_0-y_1& z_0-z_1\\ x_2-x_1& y_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& y_3-y_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|=0$

Known by the definition of justifying again: center of circle O equates to some CE1, CE2,3 distances of CE3, obtains two equations

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{(x_1-x_0)}^2+{(y_1-y_0)}^2+{(z_1-z_0)}^2={(x_2-x_0)}^2+{(y_2-y_0)}^2+{(z_2-z_0)}^2\\ {(x_1-x_0)}^2+{(y_1-y_0)}^2+{(z_1-z_0)}^2={(x_3-x_0)}^2+{(z_3-z_0)}^2\end{array}\right.$

Above three equations of simultaneous, solve about central coordinate of circle x0, y0, and the equation with three unknowns group of z0,

$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_2-x_1& y_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& y_3-y_1& z_3-z_1\\ m& n& k\end{array}\right]\&CenterDot;\left(\begin{array}{c}{x}_0\\ y_0\\ z_0\end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}0\\ 0\\ (x_1\&CenterDot;m-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}_1\&CenterDot;n+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\&CenterDot;k)\end{array}\right)$

In formula

$m=\left|\begin{array}{cc}{y}_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ y_3-y_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|,n=\left|\begin{array}{cc}{x}_2-x_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& z_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|,k=\left|\begin{array}{cc}{x}_2-x_1& y_2-y_1\\ x_3-x_1& y_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}_1\end{array}\right|$

Order matrix

$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_2-x_1& y_2-y_1& z_2-z_1\\ x_3-x_1& y_3-y_1& z_3-z_1\\ m& n& k\end{array}\right]=A$ $\left(\begin{array}{c}0\\ 0\\ (x_1\&CenterDot;m-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="y"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">y</figure-callout>}}_1\&CenterDot;n+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="HDA0000463233450000012.png,HDA0000463233450000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}_1\&CenterDot;k)\end{array}\right)=C$

Solution of equations, the i.e. coordinate (x of center of circle O ₀, y ₀, z ₀) be

The inverse matrix of A-1 representing matrix A in formula.

The torsion angle of main push-towing rope measured section

Computing method are with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

The present invention tests effect and economic benefit test comparison result

1 the present invention tests effect comparison

In the model investigation of certain Spatial Cable face self-anchored suspension bridge, the measurement of main push-towing rope locus and windup-degree, adopt inclinator and product of the present invention to carry out the comparison of test effect, in testing program, altogether 15 xsects of main push-towing rope are tested, wherein select 5 main push-towing rope cross-section location to compare, method is: in same main push-towing rope cross-section location, product of the present invention had both been installed, again mounted angle instrument.Take the measurement result of inclinator as comparison basis, the angle value (with respect to the increment of initial value) of surveying by calculating the inventive method tests with relative error (number percent) conduct of the angle value (with respect to the increment of initial value) that inclinator is surveyed the evaluation index that effect is compared, that is:

Result as shown in the following chart.Can be found out by the relative error result of calculation in table, the relative error of two kinds of method of testings is no more than in 5%(table " uncertainty principle " that two exceptional values are little value and causes), illustrate that the test effect of product of the present invention can meet Practical Project measurement needs completely.

2 economic benefit comparisons of the present invention

Product of the present invention is except having good test effect, easy to operate advantage, and cheap.More than saving listed model test is that example is calculated: the cost of inclinator is 400 yuan/platform, the cost of product of the present invention is 50 yuan/cover, disregard the inclinator cost such as loss (because electronic product easily damages) and battery consumption in use, by each position, 1 (cover) is installed and calculated, complete the test of 15 main push-towing rope xsects, the former needs 6000 yuan of input costs, the latter only needs 750 yuan, cost savings rate exceedes 87%, and in the time that measuring point quantity is more, economic benefit is more considerable.Inclinator can only obtain torsion angle in addition, cannot obtain main push-towing rope centre coordinate.

Claims (9)

1. for the measurement mechanism of element torsion and location parameter, comprise holder, characterized by further comprising three reflective optical systems that are connected with holder; Described holder can be fixed in detected element, and the measured section of three reflective optical systems that make to be connected with holder and detected element is in the same plane.

2. measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that three reflective optical systems are respectively fixed on holder by a bar.

3. measurement mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, the position relationship that it is characterized in that three reflective optical systems is coplanar but conllinear not.

4. measurement mechanism according to claim 3, the position that it is characterized in that three reflective optical systems is quadrature position, wherein a certain reverberator is perpendicular to the line direction of holder and the line of two other reflective optical system position.

5. measurement mechanism according to claim 3, the position that it is characterized in that three reflective optical systems is nonopiate position.

6. measurement mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described reflective optical system is reflecting prism sheet.

7. the method for measuring sensor torsion and location parameter, comprises the steps:

1) measurement mechanism of one of multiple claim 1--6 is fixed in detected element, makes three reflective optical system same planes in measured section and the measurement mechanism in detected element;

2) the 1st position of three reflective optical systems in the above-mentioned measurement mechanism of use total station survey, and the 1st position of measured section;

3) the 2nd position of three reflective optical systems in the above-mentioned measurement mechanism of use total station survey, and the 2nd position of measured section;

4) according to above-mentioned steps 2) and step 3) in the detected element diverse location numerical value that obtains, the data obtained is processed, obtain the measured section of detected element at centre coordinate and the windup-degree in each stage.

8. measuring sensor according to claim 7 reverses and the method for location parameter, it is characterized in that: in step 1), making the position of three reflective optical systems be set to position is quadrature position.

9. measuring sensor according to claim 7 reverses and the method for location parameter, it is characterized in that: in step 1), making the position of three reflective optical systems be set to position is nonopiate position.

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