CN102252637A - Method for detecting flatness of large-scale flange - Google Patents
Method for detecting flatness of large-scale flange Download PDFInfo
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- CN102252637A CN102252637A CN 201110104973 CN201110104973A CN102252637A CN 102252637 A CN102252637 A CN 102252637A CN 201110104973 CN201110104973 CN 201110104973 CN 201110104973 A CN201110104973 A CN 201110104973A CN 102252637 A CN102252637 A CN 102252637A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting flatness of a large-scale flange. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting three measurement datum points on a flange plane; erecting a laser transmitter, and determining a laser beam sweeping surface which is parallel to the flange plane to be detected as a measurement referent surface by matching three datum points serving as basis and a laser detector; determining a measurement point, sequentially measuring recorded data point by point; and calculating the flatness of the flange according to the measured data. By the measurement method, the flatness of the processing surface of the large-scale flange at any gesture can be quickly and accurately measured at any time. Laser equipment has a display result which is high in accuracy, and can guarantee the measurement accuracy of the large-scale flange; a detection method is not related to the gesture of the flange plane and the field detection result can be obtained efficiently; and detection does not depend on machining equipment serving as base, the method has independence, and the detection accuracy is not influenced by the machining equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method measuring flatness on large-scale plane, relate in particular to a kind of detection method that adopts laser measurement large-sized flange flatness.
Background technology
Maritime works such as large ship loop wheel machine and single point mooring unit equip design slew gear fitting surface, i.e. large-sized flange face.This type of large-sized flange face diameter is usually at 3-5 rice, and maximum can reach 13 meters, and flatness requires to reach 0.08mm, generally adopts on-the-spot process for machining to finish.The large-sized flange face machine work business of China's oceanographic engineering equipment is mainly contracted by offshore company at present, in order to adapt to such machine work business, offshore company has developed special portable machining apparatus, can carry out the assembling of equipment at the prefabricated scene of structural member, equipment can be removed after the processing.This processing technology has brought difficulty also for the inspection and acceptance of product when making things convenient for site operation.
What common check to the large-sized flange machined surface relied on is machining apparatus itself, and concrete scheme is: the turning axle with machining apparatus itself is that benchmark is beated by the circle on a plurality of circumference of dial gauge control flange face; But thisly depend on the method that machining apparatus itself tests as benchmark and have certain defective: the one, lack the independence of check, check the result who obtains to be affected if there is undiscovered problem in machining apparatus itself and lose accuracy, in case and machining apparatus is removed, and then can't check once more flange face; The 2nd, influence flange face and can not carry out machine work in a horizontal manner if be subjected to other factors, then there is not effective and efficient manner control flange face in the radial direction difference; Adopt surveying instruments such as spirit-leveling instrument or total powerstation that flange face is tested in addition, its assay is difficult to be better than 1mm.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of large-sized flange flatness detection method.The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
The present invention utilizes laser lining equipment to realize the large-sized flange measurement of planeness, the laser lining equipment that it adopts has a generating laser that can carry out 360 degree rotations, can obtain a lasering beam sweep facial plane by this transmitter, other has the detector that can indicate the position at laser beam center.Its ultimate principle is to set 3 datum marks earlier on measuring workpieces, then by adjustment to generating laser and laser pickoff, and determine a measuring basis face based on described 3 datum marks, detect each measure dot number certificate on the large-sized flange periphery then successively, obtain the flatness of flange.Concrete grammar is as follows:
A kind of large-sized flange flatness detection method, it comprises the following steps:
A, choose datum mark: on flange face to be measured, be chosen at equally distributed 3 the some positions of trying one's best on the circumference as datum mark, be labeled as reference point A, B, C successively, so that recheck.The described equally distributed purpose of trying one's best is that the plane that reference point is determined is the most representative for flange face, and when having unusual by this requirement institute reconnaissance position or having other factors to influence can not be as reference point the time, then can select else in its vicinity.In the described datum mark, one of them datum mark preferred mach zero point.
B, determine the measuring basis face: determine that a plane with flange face plane parallel to be measured as the measuring basis face, specifically comprises the steps:
B1, fixed laser transmitter riding position: generating laser is erected on the flange face to be checked or near on other stationary fixture of flange face, make it near one of them datum mark place, the pedestal adjusting knob of generating laser and the extended line of fulcrum line be as close as possible two other reference point direction respectively, and guarantee that the generating laser base bottom is not less than the Flange Plane 30mm that detects, purpose is to guarantee institute's emitted laser bundle, apart from flange face sufficient height is arranged;
B2, coarse adjustment generating laser: adjust the generating laser pedestal, make the lasering beam sweep face all pass through the center of the visual target of laser detector, specifically comprise the steps: three datum
B21, adjustment generating laser pedestal knob mediate generating laser;
B22, laser detector is positioned over datum mark A near the transmitter place, adjusts the height of laser detector, make laser through the detector Target Center, the height and position of fixed detector prevents to move subsequently;
B23, laser detector is positioned over the other two datum mark B of place, C successively, adjust on the pedestal of generating laser and the corresponding knob of datum mark, make respectively that the generating laser emitted laser can both be through the Target Center of laser detector when two place datum marks; Otherwise carry out step B24;
The process of B24, repetition B22, B23 step is until reaching above purpose;
B3, accurate adjustment generating laser: adjust generating laser pedestal knob, make the laser detector reading of lasering beam sweep face when three reference points in 0.01mm, specifically comprise the steps:
B31, laser detector is positioned over the reference point A at generating laser place, with the zero setting of laser detector reading;
B32, laser detector is positioned over the other two reference point B of place, C successively, with the corresponding knob of datum mark, makes the laser detector reading respectively in 0.01mm, otherwise carry out step B33 on the pedestal of fine setting generating laser;
The process of B33, repetition B31, B32 step is until reaching above purpose;
At this moment, the lasering beam sweep face of generating laser is the measuring basis face.
C, measurement: on flange face, choose measurement point, detect the distance of measurement point, thereby reflect the flatness of flange face, specifically comprise the steps: to reference field by laser detector
C1, determine the quantity of measurement point according to the size of examination requirements and flange radius, measurement point is uniformly distributed along the circumference.Choose and on two different circumference of radius, to choose for the described measurement point of the situation that reflects flange face more accurately;
C2, placement laser detector are in reference point A place, with detector readings zero setting;
C3, measure institute reconnaissance position successively along fixed-direction, and the record measurement data;
C4, return reference point A place at last, check whether reading is zero;
C5, measurement data that each measurement point is measured, promptly each measurement point is labeled on the measurement point distribution plan with respect to the deviation data of measuring basis face, by finding out minimum and maximum deviate on the distribution plan, draws flatness as calculated, that is:
Δ=maximum deflection difference value-minimum deviation value.
Because what this programme adopted is laser measuring equipment, the operating accuracy of equipment depends on the stability of laser in communication process, so require measurement environment as follows in the measuring process of carrying out described steps A, step B, step C: no flue dust disturbs in the air, thermal source disturbs, vibrations are disturbed and light source disturbs.
Adopt a kind of large-sized flange flatness of the present invention detection method can realize the flatness of this type of large-sized flange machine work face in that attitude at any time arbitrarily, the result judges fast and accurately.Its beneficial effect is: the one, because laser equipment has the display result of high precision, test range can reach 40 meters, can guarantee accuracy for the measurement of large-sized flange spare; The 2nd, the attitude of the method for inspection and flange face is irrelevant, can be at any thermodynamic state verification, and assay is obtained the efficient height, and can obtain a result in the scene; Be to use the detection means that does not rely on machining apparatus again, make check have independence, its accuracy of detection is not subjected to the influence of process equipment.
This scheme also can realize the check of two plane parallel degree in addition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is measuring basis face and datum mark position view;
Fig. 2 is a datum mark position synoptic diagram on generating laser and the measured workpiece;
Fig. 3 is the laser pickoff synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a planeness of flange measured data distribution plan.
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 4,1, the measuring basis face, 2, generating laser, 2-1, fulcrum, 2-2, adjusting knob, 3, flange face, 4, laser detector, 4-1, detector pedestal, 4-2, visual target, 5, laser beam, A, B, C, datum mark.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing principle of the present invention and feature are described, institute gives an actual example and only is used to explain the present invention, is not to be used to limit scope of the present invention.
As Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4: a kind of large-sized flange flatness detection method, its checkout equipment that adopts is a cover laser lining equipment, this cover laser lining equipment has a generating laser that can carry out 360 degree rotations, can obtain a lasering beam sweep facial plane by this transmitter, other has the detector that can indicate the position at laser beam center, and reading accuracy can reach 0.001mm.It comprises the following steps:
A, choose datum mark: on flange face 3 to be measured, be chosen at equally distributed three the some positions of trying one's best on the circumference as datum mark, be labeled as reference point A, B, C successively, so that recheck, the zero point during the preferred machine work of one of them datum mark A.
When the scene is chosen, be further noted that and avoid being selected in the position that the processing sudden change takes place as far as possible, as switching the cutter place.Preferably be in the stable place of flange face structure, as the position of strengthening gusset is being arranged.If the reading that the reference point both sides occur obviously differs from the reading of datum, illustrate that then reference point is a catastrophe point, the selection of reference point is improper.At this moment, can reselect reference point, maybe can reselect reference point by drawing the measurement result distribution plan according to measurement result.
B, determine the measuring basis face: determine that a plane with flange face 3 plane parallel to be measured as measuring basis face 1, specifically comprises the steps:
B1, generating laser 2 are placed in the fixed position: generating laser 2 is furnished with the pedestal with strong magnetic force that can finely tune, and this pedestal has the adjusting knob 2-2 on a fulcrum and two mutually perpendicular directions.Generating laser 2 is erected on the flange face 3 to be checked or, makes it near one of them datum mark A place, and make laser beam 5 flange faces 3 that cover as much as possible near on other stationary fixture of flange face 3;
Two the pedestal adjusting knob 2-2 of generating laser 2 and the extended line of fulcrum 2-1 line be as close as possible two other reference point direction respectively, purpose is to accelerate definite process of reference plane, and when making adjusting knob, laser beam 5 is bigger at pairing datum amount of movement, and less at all the other two datum amount of movements.In principle, no matter how transmitter is put, and can regulate definite reference plane, but the number of occurrence of operating process has difference.The extended line of adjusting knob and fulcrum line helps quick adjustment more and determines reference field the closer to reference point;
Also need guarantee institute's emitted laser bundle 5 in addition, apart from flange face sufficient height be arranged, specifically be that the base bottom that guarantees generating laser 2 must not be lower than the Flange Plane 30mm that detects.
B2, coarse adjustment generating laser: adjust the generating laser pedestal, make laser beam 5 swept surfaces all pass through the visual target 4-2 center of laser detector 4, specifically comprise the steps: three datum
The knob 2-2 of B21, adjustment generating laser pedestal 2 mediates knob 2-2, makes adjusting knob possess the sufficient surplus of regulating to both sides;
B22, laser detector 4 is positioned over datum mark A near the transmitter place, adjusts the height of laser detector 4, make the center of laser beam through laser detector target 4-2, the height and position of fixed laser detector 4 prevents to move subsequently;
B23, laser detector 4 is positioned over other two datum mark B of place and C successively, adjust on the pedestal of generating laser 2 and datum mark B and the corresponding knob of C, make when datum mark B and the C generating laser 2 emitted laser bundles 5 can both be respectively through the center of the target 4-2 of laser detector 4; Otherwise carry out step B24;
The process of B24, repetition B22, B23 step is until reaching above purpose.
B3, accurate adjustment generating laser: adjust the pedestal knob of generating laser 2, the reading that makes the laser detector 4 of laser beam 5 swept surfaces when three reference point A, B and C all in 0.01mm, specifically comprises the steps:
B31, laser detector 4 is positioned over reference point A near generating laser 2 places, with the zero setting of laser detector reading;
B32, laser detector 4 is positioned over other two reference point B of place and C successively, with the corresponding knob of datum mark, the reading that makes laser detector 4 respectively otherwise carries out step B33 in 0.01mm on the pedestal of fine setting generating laser 2;
The process of B33, repetition B31, B32 step is until reaching above purpose;
At this moment, laser beam 5 swept surfaces of generating laser 2 are measuring basis face 1.
C, measurement: on flange face 3, choose measurement point, detect the distance of measurement point, thereby reflect the flatness of flange face 3, specifically comprise the steps: to measuring basis face 1 by laser detector 4
C1, determine the quantity of measurement point according to the size of examination requirements and flange face 3 radiuses, choosing measure dot number in this example is 16, and measurement point is uniformly distributed along the circumference.Choose and on two different circumference of radius, to choose for the described measurement point of the situation that reflects flange face more accurately;
C2, placement laser detector 4 are in reference point A place, with the reading zero setting of laser detector 4;
C3, institute reconnaissance position is settled and measured to laser detector 4 successively along fixed-direction, observe laser beam 5 and sweep reading on laser detector 4 and record measurement data; Measuring sequence can be along clockwise, and outer ring etc. behind the first inner ring is determined according to on-the-spot needs;
C4, after having detected successively, return reference point A place at last, check whether reading is zero;
C5, measurement data that each measurement point is measured, promptly each measurement point is labeled on the measurement point distribution plan with respect to the deviation data of measuring basis face 1, by finding out minimum and maximum deviate on the distribution plan, draws flatness as calculated, that is:
Δ=maximum deflection difference value-minimum deviation value
In Fig. 4, Δ=0.046-(0.041)=0.087mm.
Because what this programme adopted is laser measuring equipment, the operating accuracy of equipment depends on the stability of laser in communication process, so require measurement environment as follows in the measuring process of carrying out described steps A, step B, step C: no flue dust disturbs in the air, thermal source disturbs, vibrations are disturbed and light source disturbs.
In addition, in above-mentioned measurement, also have following points for attention:
If 1 finds that reading changes obviously, can return the point or the datum of front and check whether reading changes.If change, should check whether transmitter or detector move.Be moved and resurvey.
Should guarantee when 2, measuring that the detector pedestal fixes towards the face of flange center's point.
3, the cleaning that guarantees to survey the bottom and measure the flange face place, as wipe swarf, greasy dirt etc.
Claims (4)
1. a large-sized flange flatness detection method is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, choose datum mark: on flange face to be measured, be chosen at equally distributed 3 the some positions of trying one's best on the circumference as datum mark, and be labeled as reference point A, B, C successively, so that recheck;
B, determine the measuring basis face: determine that a plane with flange face plane parallel to be measured as the measuring basis face, specifically comprises the steps:
B1, fixed laser transmitter riding position: generating laser is erected on the flange face to be checked or near on other stationary fixture of flange face, make it near one of them datum mark place, two the pedestal adjusting knobs of generating laser and the extended line of fulcrum line be as close as possible two other reference point direction respectively, and guarantees that the generating laser base bottom is not less than the Flange Plane 30mm that detects;
B2, coarse adjustment generating laser: adjust the generating laser pedestal, make the lasering beam sweep face all pass through the center of the visual target of laser detector, specifically comprise the steps: three datum
B21, adjustment generating laser pedestal knob mediate knob;
B22, laser detector is positioned over datum mark A near the transmitter place, adjusts the height of laser detector, make laser through the detector Target Center, the height and position of fixed detector prevents to move subsequently;
B23, laser detector is positioned over the other two datum mark B of place, C successively, adjust on the pedestal of generating laser and the corresponding knob of datum mark, make respectively that the generating laser emitted laser can both be through the Target Center of laser detector when two place datum marks; Otherwise carry out step B24;
The process of B24, repetition B22, B23 step is until reaching above purpose;
B3, accurate adjustment generating laser: adjust generating laser pedestal knob, make the laser detector reading of lasering beam sweep face when three reference points in 0.01mm, specifically comprise the steps:
B31, laser detector is positioned over the reference point A at generating laser place, with the zero setting of laser detector reading;
B32, laser detector is positioned over the other two reference point B of place, C successively, with the corresponding knob of datum mark, makes the laser detector reading respectively in 0.01mm, otherwise carry out step B33 on the pedestal of fine setting generating laser;
The process of B33, repetition B31, B32 step is until reaching above purpose;
At this moment, the lasering beam sweep face of generating laser is the measuring basis face;
C, measurement: on flange face, choose measurement point, detect the distance of measurement point, thereby reflect the flatness of flange face, specifically comprise the steps: to reference field by laser detector
C1, determine the quantity of measurement point according to the size of examination requirements and flange radius, measurement point is uniformly distributed along the circumference;
C2, placement laser detector are in reference point A place, with detector readings zero setting;
C3, measure institute reconnaissance position successively along fixed-direction, and the record measurement data;
C4, return reference point A place at last, check whether reading is zero;
C5, measurement data that each measurement point is measured, promptly each measurement point is labeled on the measurement point distribution plan with respect to the deviation data of measuring basis face, by finding out minimum and maximum deviate on the distribution plan, draws flatness as calculated, that is:
Δ=maximum deflection difference value-minimum deviation value.
2. a kind of large-sized flange flatness detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the selected datum mark, one of them datum mark is mach zero point in the described steps A.
3. a kind of large-sized flange flatness detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: measurement point is chosen and can be chosen on two different above circumference of radius among the described step C1.
4. according to each described a kind of large-sized flange flatness detection method of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: require measurement environment as follows among described steps A, step B, the step C: no flue dust disturbs in the air, thermal source disturbs, vibrations are disturbed and light source disturbs.
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| CN 201110104973 CN102252637B (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2011-04-26 | Method for detecting flatness of large-scale flange |
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| CN 201110104973 CN102252637B (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2011-04-26 | Method for detecting flatness of large-scale flange |
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| CN102519404A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-27 | 上海长星船舶设备服务有限公司 | Measurement and correction method of flatness of large-diameter flange plane |
| CN102980551A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-20 | 杭州鼎热科技有限公司 | Wireless positioning location detection system based on laser and ultrasonic fusion scanning |
| CN103292748A (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-09-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Multi-substrate combining detection method based on laser measurement |
| CN103487000A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-01 | 无锡俊达测试技术服务有限公司 | Device for testing flat face of object |
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| CN103925892A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 国家电网公司 | Device for measuring wall or ground flatness by lasers |
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