CN103808341A - Distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor - Google Patents
Distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103808341A CN103808341A CN201410038463.7A CN201410038463A CN103808341A CN 103808341 A CN103808341 A CN 103808341A CN 201410038463 A CN201410038463 A CN 201410038463A CN 103808341 A CN103808341 A CN 103808341A
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor and mainly aims at solving the problems that the existing optical fiber environment is only capable of supporting one sensing probe, only one outside variable can be measured, and the like. The distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor is composed of an ASE (Amplified Spontaneous Emission) broad band optical source, a spectrum analyzer, an incident optical fiber, a receiving optical fiber, a 50: 50 2*2 optical fiber coupler A, a 50: 50 2*2 optical fiber coupler B, an interference arm A, an interference arm B, an emergent optical fiber A, an emergent optical fiber B, an index-matching fluid, an optical switch, a plurality of segments of polarization-maintaining pohotonic crystal fibers and silver reflector systems as many as the polarization-maintaining pohotonic crystal fibers. The distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor realizes that the sensing probes of different channels are chosen in different time slices and different sensing probes are capable of measuring different physical parameters with the pohotonic crystal fibers, and therefore, a multiple-parameter measurement function is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor, belong to technical field of optical fiber sensing.
Background technology
Fiber loop mirror is because it is simple in structure, and small volume is highly sensitive, is the sensing arrangement being widely studied in recent years always.In the initial design of general single mode fiber ring mirror, be to adopt single-mode fiber to connect two output ports of 2 × 2 single-mode optical-fibre coupler, form a fiber optic loop.Single-mode fiber is the in the situation that of non-extruding, bending, torsion, and birefringence effect can be ignored.Therefore, if do not consider the birefringence effect of single-mode fiber, and ignore the impact such as extraneous Faraday effect or gyro rotation effect, in the time using the 3dB single-mode optical-fibre coupler that splitting ratio is K=0.5, this desirable fiber loop mirror has played the effect of " completely reflecting mirror ", is therefore called as " fiber loop mirror ".But any single-mode fiber can not be all that perfectly circle is symmetrical, can there is no birefringence effect.People's one section of high birefringence optical fiber of welding in single-mode fiber ring mirror afterwards, start to utilize birefringence effect, carry out the detection of physical quantity to external world based on spectral interference phenomenon, the superiority of this structure is more and more outstanding, and the sensor based on this structure is also more and more.But flaw still exists, the Output rusults of simple fiber loop mirror is squeezed, the extraneous circumstance impact such as bending and torsion is very serious, even can cause the result of input incorrect, so this structure practicality is also not enough far away.
Long tail type fiber loop mirror is a kind of novel optical fiber ring mirror structure based on single-mode fiber ring-long tail type high birefringence, because it can be by independent to sensor probe and fiber loop mirror part, make fiber loop mirror sensing arrangement convenient in actual use, be particularly suitable for the parameter measurement of long distance.
The advantage of long tail type fiber loop mirror is very obvious, just obtained developing rapidly, but current this structure can only be supported a sensing probe after proposing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is can measure multiple outer bound variables in order to realize a sensing ring mirror unit simultaneously, a kind of distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor is provided, its photoswitch can be realized multiple sensing probe timesharing on right side are switched, to reach the object of measuring several sensing amounts simultaneously.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor, comprises ASE wide spectrum light source, spectroanalysis instrument, incident optical, receives optical fiber, 2 × 2 fiber coupler A of 50:50,2 × 2 fiber coupler B of 50:50, interfere arm A, interfere arm B, outgoing optical fiber A, outgoing optical fiber B, index-matching fluid, photoswitch, some sections of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers and answer in contrast the silver-colored mirror system of number.
Described ASE wide spectrum light source is connected with incident optical, spectroanalysis instrument is connected with reception optical fiber, two ports of 2 × 2 fiber coupler A one end of 50:50 respectively with incident optical, reception optical fiber connects, two ports of the other end respectively with interfere arm A, interfere arm B to connect, two ports of 2 × 2 fiber coupler B one end of 50:50 respectively with interfere arm A, interfere arm B to connect, two ports of the other end respectively with outgoing optical fiber A, outgoing optical fiber B connects, outgoing optical fiber A stretches in index-matching fluid, outgoing optical fiber B is connected with photoswitch, above-mentioned all connected modes adopt flange to connect.
Between described some sections of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber one end and photoswitch, be connected by single-mode fiber, the other end answers the silver-colored mirror system of number to connect in contrast, and silver-colored mirror system is directly pasted polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber end face.
Described incident optical, receive 2 × 2 fiber coupler A, the 50:50 of optical fiber, 50:50 2 × 2 fiber coupler B, interfere arm A, interfere arm B, outgoing optical fiber A and outgoing optical fiber B to be single-mode fiber, all can adopt G.652, single-mode fiber G.653 or G.655; Incident optical and reception fiber lengths are 20-40cm; Interfere arm A, interfere arm B to form a fiber loop mirror, length is 10-20cm, and the length of outgoing optical fiber A and outgoing optical fiber B is 20-40cm.
The light that described ASE wide spectrum light source sends enters respectively and interferes arm A to transmit clockwise and interfere arm B to transmit counterclockwise through 2 × 2 fiber coupler A of 50:50, and light path path is respectively 7 → 10 → 8 and 8 → 10 → 7.
The service band of 2 × 2 fiber coupler A of described 50:50 and 2 × 2 fiber coupler B of 50:50 depends on the output spectrum scope of ASE wide spectrum light source, and the double refractive inde of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber is 3.0 × 10
-3-5.0 × 10
-4.
Principle of work of the present invention is: the light that ASE wide spectrum light source sends enters respectively and interferes arm A to transmit clockwise and interfere arm B to transmit counterclockwise through three-dB coupler A, during to 2 × 2 fiber coupler B of 50:50, can enter respectively again outgoing optical fiber A and outgoing optical fiber B, outgoing optical fiber A stretches in index-matching fluid, light is all absorbed by matching fluid, not having light intensity returns, and the single-mode fiber of outgoing optical fiber B has connected a photoswitch, after photoswitch again respectively welding some sections of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers, polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber end is stained with a silver-colored mirror system, can return on Jiang Guanganyuan road, light also will again be divided into two-way through 2 × 2 fiber coupler B of 50:50 through polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber twice and prolongs interference arm A and interfere arm B to transmit.The light of final all light paths interferes 2 × 2 fiber coupler A places at 50:50.In the light wave of arrival spectroanalysis instrument, the two-beam ripple only enclosing around fiber loop mirror transmission one, it is the interference output spectrum that light path path is respectively 7 → 10 → 8 and 8 → 10 → 7 two-beam ripple and could produces due to the effect of high birefringence optical fiber period profile, two-beam ripple, because optical path difference is compared with making to interfere accordingly output spectrum to show on spectroanalysis instrument greatly, only can show average intensity in addition.Owing to only there being the light of half to produce the output spectrum of period profile, and owing to there being average intensity, output spectrum output rating minimum value is not 0, and therefore the maximum intensity of output spectrum and strength range all reduce to some extent, but the distribution of the integral cycle of output spectrum is substantially constant.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor is as a kind of distributed microstructure parameter measurement structure.Photoswitch is as time division multiplex switching device, realize the sensing probe of selecting different passages at different time sheet, make system can gather the probe sensing amount of corresponding time period, and different sensing probes can utilize photonic crystal fiber to measure different physical parameters, such as pressure, displacement, temperature, frequency etc., realize the function of measuring multiple parameters.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor, comprises ASE wide spectrum light source 1, spectroanalysis instrument 2, incident optical 3, receives optical fiber 4,2 × 2 fiber coupler A5 of 50:50,2 × 2 fiber coupler B6 of 50:50, interfere arm A7, interfere arm B8, outgoing optical fiber A9, outgoing optical fiber B10, index-matching fluid 11, photoswitch 12, some sections of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers 13 and answer in contrast the silver-colored mirror system 14 of number.
Described ASE wide spectrum light source 1 is connected with incident optical 3, spectroanalysis instrument 2 is connected with reception optical fiber 4, two ports of 2 × 2 fiber coupler A5 one end of 50:50 respectively with incident optical 3, receiving optical fiber 4 connects, two ports of the other end respectively with interfere arm A7, interfere arm B8 to connect, two ports of 2 × 2 fiber coupler B6 one end of 50:50 respectively with interfere arm A7, interfere arm B8 to connect, two ports of the other end respectively with outgoing optical fiber A9, outgoing optical fiber B10 connects, outgoing optical fiber A9 stretches in index-matching fluid 11, outgoing optical fiber B10 is connected with photoswitch 12, above-mentioned all connected modes adopt flange to connect.
Between described some sections of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers 13 one end and photoswitch 12, be connected by single-mode fiber, the other end answers the silver-colored mirror system 14 of number to connect in contrast, and silver-colored mirror system 14 is directly pasted polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber 13 end faces.
Described incident optical 3, receive 2 × 2 fiber coupler A5, the 50:50 of optical fiber 4,50:50 2 × 2 fiber coupler B6, interfere arm A7, interfere arm B8, outgoing optical fiber A9 and outgoing optical fiber B10 to be single-mode fiber, all can adopt G.652, single-mode fiber G.653 or G.655; Incident optical 1 and reception optical fiber 2 length are 20-40cm; Interfere arm A7, interfere arm B8 to form a fiber loop mirror, length is 10-20cm, and the length of outgoing optical fiber A9 and outgoing optical fiber B10 is 20-40cm.
The light that described ASE wide spectrum light source 1 sends enters respectively and interferes arm A7 to transmit clockwise and interfere arm B8 to transmit counterclockwise through 2 × 2 fiber coupler A5 of 50:50, and light path path is respectively 7 → 10 → 8 and 8 → 10 → 7.
The service band of 2 × 2 fiber coupler A5 of described 50:50 and 2 × 2 fiber coupler B6 of 50:50 depends on the output spectrum scope of ASE wide spectrum light source 1, and the double refractive inde of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber 13 is 3.0 × 10
-3-5.0 × 10
-4.
Claims (3)
1. a distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor, comprises ASE wide spectrum light source, spectroanalysis instrument, incident optical, receives optical fiber, 2 × 2 fiber coupler A of 50:50, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned a kind of distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor also comprises 2 × 2 fiber coupler B of 50:50, interfere arm A, interfere arm B, outgoing optical fiber A, outgoing optical fiber B, index-matching fluid, photoswitch, some sections of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers and answer in contrast the silver-colored mirror system of number, described ASE wide spectrum light source is connected with incident optical, spectroanalysis instrument is connected with reception optical fiber, two interfaces of 2 × 2 fiber coupler A one end of 50:50 respectively with incident optical, reception optical fiber connects, two interfaces of the other end respectively with interfere arm A, interfere arm B to connect, two interfaces of 2 × 2 fiber coupler B one end of 50:50 respectively with interfere arm A, interfere arm B to connect, two interfaces of the other end respectively with outgoing optical fiber A, outgoing optical fiber B connects, outgoing optical fiber A stretches in index-matching fluid, outgoing optical fiber B is connected with photoswitch, above-mentioned all connected modes adopt flange to connect,
Between described some sections of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber one end and photoswitch, be connected by single-mode fiber, the other end answers the silver-colored mirror system of number to connect in contrast, and silver-colored mirror system is directly pasted polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber end face.
2. a kind of distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described incident optical, receive 2 × 2 fiber coupler A, the 50:50 of optical fiber, 50:50 2 × 2 fiber coupler B, interfere arm A, interfere arm B, outgoing optical fiber A and outgoing optical fiber B to be single-mode fiber, all can adopt G.652, single-mode fiber G.653 or G.655; Incident optical and reception fiber lengths are 20-40cm; Interfere arm A, interfere arm B to form a fiber loop mirror, length is respectively 10-20cm, and the length of outgoing optical fiber A and outgoing optical fiber B is 20-40cm.
The light that described ASE wide spectrum light source sends enters respectively and interferes arm A to transmit clockwise and interfere arm B to transmit counterclockwise through 2 × 2 fiber coupler A of 50:50, and light path path is respectively 7 → 10 → 8 and 8 → 10 → 7.
3. a kind of distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the service band of 2 × 2 fiber coupler A of described 50:50 and 2 × 2 fiber coupler B of 50:50 depends on the output spectrum scope of ASE wide spectrum light source, and the double refractive inde of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber is 3.0 × 10
-3-5.0 × 10
-4.
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| CN201410038463.7A CN103808341A (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-01-26 | Distributed microstructure optical fiber sensor |
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Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108195411A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 北京信息科技大学 | The Microstructure Sensor of fiber F-P cavity cascade FBG is inscribed based on femtosecond |
| WO2023004181A1 (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-26 | Nec Laboratories America, Inc. | Identification of inner fibers of deployed fiber cables using distributed fiber optic sensing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108195411A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 北京信息科技大学 | The Microstructure Sensor of fiber F-P cavity cascade FBG is inscribed based on femtosecond |
| WO2023004181A1 (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-26 | Nec Laboratories America, Inc. | Identification of inner fibers of deployed fiber cables using distributed fiber optic sensing |
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Application publication date: 20140521 |