CN103798206B - The method of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap and monitoring and control longicorn - Google Patents
The method of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap and monitoring and control longicorn Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798206B CN103798206B CN201410039657.9A CN201410039657A CN103798206B CN 103798206 B CN103798206 B CN 103798206B CN 201410039657 A CN201410039657 A CN 201410039657A CN 103798206 B CN103798206 B CN 103798206B
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Abstract
The method of <b> modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap and monitoring and control longicorn.The existing trapper of </b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT grasps that longicorn is later easy to be climbed out of by inwall, impact effect is added up, and can ponding owing to rain etc. in the middle of reason, affect the survival rate of longicorn, the worm source of areal is affected, the correctness of direct comparing result.Using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, first test plot, selects anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone as attractant.Select plant volatile, prepare male sex pheromone and lure core, preparation pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure core, will have new clothes on trapper, and hang trapper, and carry out Inspection and maintenance.The invention provides a kind of </b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT and monitor the method with control longicorn.</b>
Description
technical field: the modified trapper that the present invention relates to a kind of Supervise prevention and cure forest pest, is specifically related to the modified trapper of a kind of monitoring and control anoplophora glabripennis, and the method for monitoring and control longicorn.This technology belongs to forestry Forest Protection technical field.
Background technology
prior art confirms, plant is by the volatile organic matter (Volatileorganiccompounds of secondary metabolism approach synthesis in body, VOCs) nearly kind more than 30,000, by the organic compound material of number molecular weight at 100-200, as the mixture that hydro carbons, alcohols, ketone, organic acid, nitrogen-containing compound and organic sulfur etc. form.Plant volatile is the semiochemicals carrying out information interchange between plant, is also the important information material guiding plant-feed insect to carry out host's identification and location.Single or the composite parts of host plant volatile is looked in host and spouse's process longicorn and is played an important role.By the attraction of host plant volatile, male and female two property longicorn is gathered in and takes food place, and the male longicorn of some kinds utilizes and derives from female visual signal and the synergy of scent signal afterwards, and taking food, place search is female.Male or female white point longicorn
anoplophoramalasiacadistinctive sex pheromone has no report, and by its host plant
citrusunshiuvolatile matter attract.Sesquiterpene hydro carbons in this Plants, comprises that beta-elemene, β-China pink are rare, α-humulene and α-farnesene, is proved relevant with the in-plant attracting action of white point longicorn beetle.White point longicorn beetle these closely activated sequiterpene alkene be proved also have activity in luring at a distance, the chemical signal indicating host plant plays an important role when the long Distance geometry of white point longicorn beetle closely searches spouse.Host plant volatile attracts longicorn to be also confirmed in other research, as: eucalyptus is addicted to wooden longicorn
phoracanthasemipunctata, Monochamus alternatus
monochanusalternatus, thorn angle ditch volume longicorn
hoplocerambyxspinicornusspouse location is carried out Deng by host's volatile matter.
the olfactory stimulation of the odoring substance that plant-feed insect is distributed with plant comes directed, finds the host plant outside certain distance whereby.Plant volatile can be divided into 3 aspects as its Ecological Functions of important semiochemical: the first, the volatile matter that plant-feed insect induction produces, and can be used as synomone and lures natural enemies of insects.The second, the impact of Physiology and biochemistry is produced by the other plant individuality of the chemical communication between plant on surrounding.3rd, on the impact of plant-feed insect behavior.Plant volatile plant-feed insect Tropical area, take food, assemble, mating, to lay eggs etc. in play very important effect.
in recent years, host tree species volatile matter and more to the influence research of anoplophora glabripennis attracting action.Such as utilize dynamic head-space absorption method to study the full constituent of the raw Acer negundo. L volatile materials of 3a and diurnal variation law, tentatively determine that Acer negundo. L volatile materials is made up of 31 kinds of compounds, and have certain release rule.Acer negundo. L attracts the precise chemical structure material of Anoplophora Glabripennis Adults and attracts the Best Times of longicorn.Shown by field trapping experiments, other volatile matter that cis-blatter alcohol discharges than Acer negundo. L has larger attraction to anoplophora glabripennis; And in the volatile matter of all tests n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, the mixture of 2-amylalcohol is most attraction to anoplophora glabripennis.3-hexenol and acetic acid-3-hexene ester have stronger attracting action to anoplophora glabripennis.Result of the test shows, anoplophora glabripennis is female compared with male, and plant volatile is larger to male attraction.δ-3-carene and (E)-caryophyllene are to male very attractive.Result of the test shows (Z), and-3-hexene ester has repellent action to male, and linalool is all attractive to the both sexes of anoplophora glabripennis with (Z)-blatter alcohol.Raw test is tested and is shown, in the 12 Plants volatile matters detected, carene and caryophyllene have stronger epigamic to male Anoplophora Glabripennis Adults, and (Z)-3-hexene-acetate shows repellent action to male insect.
in research about longicorn pheromones, it is first contact information element.The complex mixture that the epicuticular wax of insect cuticle is made up of generate longer-chain hydrocarbons, fatty acid, alcohol, ester, aldehyde and ketone, these materials not only play the effect preventing insect drying, also in the process of longicorn searching spouse, play important role as contact information element.Male longicorn searches female longicorn near host plant, the behavior that directly contact is not female before feeler contacts female longicorn, only after contact Female antenna, reaction is produced to the contact information of female generation element, identify and femalely just attempt to carry out mating with female afterwards.The contact information element of female generation is confirmed in following subfamily: 3 kinds of the black longicorn race of Lamiinae, 3 kinds of cerambycinae Clytini, the red wing shirt longicorn of cerambycinae Bian Xiong longicorn race
callidiellumrufipenne, Prioninae
m.dasystomus.
the material that in the hydro carbons of female longicorn epicutile wax layer or male and female two property, relative amount is many constitutes distinctive semiochemicals, and these contact informations elements are made up of six carbon of the second or the 3rd hydroxyl or carbonyl in carbochain, eight carbon or ten carbon.The contact information element of longicorn is made up of single or compounding substances, such as: one matter 5,17-Dimethyl-nonacosane is the distinctive material of female C.rufipenne epidermis, plays a decisive role to mating.And multi-component mixture is normally made up of homologous compound, be made up of 2-methyl alkane and generate longer-chain hydrocarbons, as: the contact information element of Xylotrechuscolonus is at least made up of 3 kinds of materials: n-C25,9Me-C25,3Me-C25.Male black abdomen Buddhist nun tiger longicorn utilizes 7Me-C27 and 7Me-C25 as synergist.
m.dasystomus13 kinds of materials of female epidermis are that male epidermis does not have, wherein 2 kinds of methyl alkanes 2Me-C26 and 2Me-C28 occupy an leading position, account for 17% of hydrocarbon sum, one matter just can cause male reaction in raw measured reaction, the two mixes the match reaction that male longicorn then can be caused stronger, forms the contact information element of male copulatory.
about the research of aggregation pheromone, male longicorn produces aggregation pheromone and attracts male and female two property to be confirmed in cerambycinae, Lamiinae and vertebra longicorn dentistry.In field trial, (2S, 3S)-hexane-diol that male black abdomen Buddhist nun tiger longicorn produces, male
n.mucronatusmucronatus(the R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one produced, male
megacyllenecaryaethe dihydroxylic alcohols produced, terpenoid and one fragrance ethanol, the 2-(undecyloxy of male Monochamus alternatus release)-ethanol can attract female two property longicorns of the same race.These pheromones are discharged by the pore of male prothoracic gland, show the electron microscope observation result of 65 kinds of longicorns: only have 49 kinds of male longicorns to have prothoracic gland pore, and other 16 kind of two property longicorn does not all have prothoracic gland pore.Male
neocyltusmodestus,
n.mucronatuswith
m.caryaethe pheromones that prothoracic gland pore produces is proved.
about the research of sex pheromone, male or female longicorn can generation pheromones.The sex pheromone of female generation is almost all found in all Cerambycidaes, and oopod is the position of female longicorn release property pheromones.According to cerambycinae, female California prionid
prionuscalifornicusfirst the volatile long distance sex pheromone produced is in the news, female
migdolusfryanuswith
vesperusxatartithe pheromones produced also is determined biologically active.At Lepturinae, first sex pheromone be in the news is female
ortholepturavalidasex pheromone (the Z)-11-octadecen-1-ylacetate produced, the carboxylic acid that volatile information element glycol/hydroxy-ketone that this pheromones structure and cerambycinae produce, the terpenes of the male generation of vertebra cerambycinae, Prioninae produce is completely different.
the report of the sex pheromone of male generation, mainly at vertebra cerambycinae, cerambycinae and Lamiinae, comprises the grape borer (Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus) of Clytini
xylotrechuspyrrhoderus, coffee go out word ridge tiger longicorn
x.quadripeswith black abdomen Buddhist nun tiger longicorn, the cryptomeria line tiger longicorn of alizarin Clytini
anaglyptussubfasciatus, the North America house longhorn beetle of flat longicorn race
hylotrupesbajulus; The Monochamus alternatus of Lamiinae
monochamusalternatusboat longicorn short in South America.But the identification of chemical composition is only had to several examples of minority, male
hedypathesbetulinusthe absolute configuration of the sex pheromone component of release is confirmed as geranyl acetone, ethanol and acetate.Male
anelaphusinflaticollisthe sex pheromone component produced comprises: (R)-3-hydroxyhexao-2-one, (S)-2-hydroxyhexan-3-one, 2,3-hexanedione, (2R, 3R)-2,3-hexanediols and (2R, 3S)-2,3-hexanediols.Field trial shows: single (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one just can attract longicorn to assemble, and other several micro constitutents have synergistic effect.
for the research of anoplophora glabripennis sex pheromone, anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is the mixture of 2 kinds of alcohols material equal proportion, about utilizing the wind tunnel test improved to show, less to male insect attracting action according to the two kinds of male sex pheromones mixed the most at high proportion; The test of Y pipe also shows, male sex pheromone is better than male to female attracting action.Field test shows, and is equipped with compared with other trappers luring core, independent male sex pheromone is housed and lures the trapper of core can trap a large amount of female anoplophora glabripennis.The allure of the pheromones mixture that the pheromones mixture that the female anoplophora glabripennis of non-mating produces produces than post-coitum is strong, and a large amount of anoplophora glabripennis is arrived in trapping compared with the control.And in test in 2008, after adding and anoplophora glabripennis being had to the female pheromone of the Prof. Du Yucang of attracting action in 2007, the attracting action of male Cerambycid beetles is obviously strengthened.
existing trapper grasps that longicorn is later easy to be climbed out of by inwall, and impact effect is added up, and due to can ponding in the middle of the reason such as to rain, affect the survival rate of longicorn, the worm source of areal be affected, the correctness of direct comparing result.
Summary of the invention
the object of this invention is to provide a kind of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, and use this trapper to monitor the method with control anoplophora glabripennis.
a kind of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, its composition comprises: bottom.Funnel enters collection cups through described bottom and stretches out former bottom 3-4cm, and edge is the 40-60% of height far from the distance bottom collection cups, and funnel butt end connects the bottom of baffle plate, and described baffle plate top has top cover, described baffle plate is equipped with and lures core.
described modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, one group of hole is bored in the bottom of described collection cups, comprise centre bore and the periphery holes around centre bore circle distribution, described baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface scribble concentration 84% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
described modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, 6-7cm removed by described funnel bottom tip cutter, funnel is made to enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretch out former bottom 3-4cm, extension diameter is 4cm, edge is 8cm from the distance bottom described collection cups, and described funnel butt end is attached to described top, bottom hole; There is in the bottom of described collection cups the hole of 9 about 8mm of diameter; Bottom described collection cups, centre bores 1 hole; 4 holes are bored apart from this hole about 3cm, at a distance of 1.5cm between holes around this hole; Another 4 holes are arranged in front 4 hole surroundings, and at a distance of 2cm between holes, distance center central aperture is 4.5cm; Lure the position of core to move down the suspension of described baffle plate, before suspension trapper, cut each 4cm bottom described baffle plate with cutter; And the iron wire of core that lures described in hanging is extended 4cm, shorten the distance luring core distance collection cups, described baffle plate and described bottom, described top cover, described collection cups inner surface are all smeared with concentration 84% teflon coating.
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and a method of preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, first test plot, selects anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone as attractant.Select plant volatile, prepare male sex pheromone and lure core, preparation pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure core, will have new clothes on trapper, and hang trapper, and carry out Inspection and maintenance.
the method of described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and control anoplophora glabripennis, described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde mixes by 1:1 volume ratio; Described plant volatile: Z-3-hexen-1-ol, n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, 2-amylalcohol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid-3-hexene ester, S-nopinene, phellandrene; The 1:10(10 μ g:100 μ g of described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone and described plant volatile) mixture as pheromones blend.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described male sex pheromone of preparing lures the method for core: get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio is the pheromones blend i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of 1:1, this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then 2 hexanes are instilled, pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket, 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, rubber slowly-releasing pad is knocked with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation method of core: get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio is the pheromones blend of 1:1, namely after 10 μ g male sex pheromones mix with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then instill 1-10 and drip hexane, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described hangs trapper: select woodland well-ventilated, avoid sunshine direct projection, well lighted, anoplophora glabripennis quantity are more, the place of convenient operation is as test plot, the composition that statistics sample ground is concrete, sample is divided into 2 sample ground simultaneously, both are at a distance of more than 100m, according to above-mentioned processed group, that carries out trapper hangs work; The processed group on each sample ground hangs 3 kinds of dissimilar trappers, and every type trapper hangs 20, and totally 2 sample ground, need hang 120 trappers altogether; Draughty position near woods window within experimental field, as ridge place or road both sides, selects the good host tree of growing way, carries out trapper and hang work; Trapper is directly hung on the limb of host tree, distance ground 1.5-2m, interval more than 10m between each trapper.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described Inspection and maintenance: check a trapper every day, load in valve bag by traping the anoplophora glabripennis arrived, carry out mark, simultaneously, select anoplophora glabripennis that is complete, that live to take back laboratory and carry out the raw test of indoor Y pipe and test, and incompleteness, the dead alcohol that is placed in preserves; Statistics, qualification trapping, to the male and female quantity of longicorn, make a record; Lure the replacing of core: within every 4-5 days, change and once lure core, when each replacing lures core, the trapper of first position is hanging to second position, second position be hanging to the 3rd position, the like, the trapper of last position is hanging to primary importance, to play the effect hanging up trapper at random.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described test plot, by observing anoplophora glabripennis in host tree: the oviporous orifice on white birch, Acer negundo. L, acer monoes, Norway maple, Xinjiang poplar, Chinese white poplar, dry land willow, emergence hole, the ight soil of larva outside duct, the juice of host tree, select a fairly large number of place of anoplophora glabripennis, the sample determined is divided into 3 pieces of sample ground, add up concrete composition, at a distance of more than 100m between every block sample ground.
beneficial effect:
the present invention adopts new formulation to lure core, adopts distinctive funnel structure, can stablize collection after longicorn falls into, and can not come to harm.Through comparative trial, improve than the Be very effective of internal and international state-of-the-art American version 2 generation trapper, Beijing trapper.The anoplophora glabripennis that modified trapper is traped female (7.63/time, 8.63/time), male worm (2.25/time, 3.50/time) quantity are apparently higher than Beijing type trapper (1.13/time, 0.25/time).And the anoplophora glabripennis that American version 2 generation trapper and modified trapper are traped is female, male worm quantity variance is not remarkable, but the female longicorn quantity (8.63/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (7.63/time) many 13%; The male longicorn quantity (3.50/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (2.25/time) many 56%.
as can be seen here, modified trapper can trap more longicorn than other two kinds of trappers, and there is funnel and drilling design due to modified trapper collection cups, can ensure that rainwater is discharged fast, reduce the escape of trapping to longicorn, or avoid the longicorn of traping to be soaked rancid by rainwater, affect follow-up trap effect; The time-to-live of trapping to longicorn can being extended simultaneously to a certain extent, ensureing worm source for carrying out follow-up bioassay test.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of this product.
accompanying drawing 2 is vertical views of accompanying drawing 1.
accompanying drawing 3 is effect contrast figures of this product and prior art product.
embodiment:
embodiment 1:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and a method of preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, first test plot, selects anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone as attractant.Select plant volatile, prepare male sex pheromone and lure core, preparation pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure core, hang trapper, and carry out Inspection and maintenance.
embodiment 2:
the method of the using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 and control anoplophora glabripennis, described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde mixes by 1:1 volume ratio; Described plant volatile: Z-3-hexen-1-ol, n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, 2-amylalcohol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid-3-hexene ester, S-nopinene, phellandrene; The 1:10(10 μ g:100 μ g of described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone and described plant volatile) mixture as pheromones blend.
embodiment 3:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described male sex pheromone of preparing lures the method for core: get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio is the pheromones blend i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of 1:1, this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then 2 hexanes are instilled, pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket, 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, rubber slowly-releasing pad is knocked with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
embodiment 4:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation method of core: get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio is the pheromones blend of 1:1, namely after 10 μ g male sex pheromones mix with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then instill 1-10 and drip hexane, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
embodiment 5:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described hangs trapper: select woodland well-ventilated, avoid sunshine direct projection, well lighted, anoplophora glabripennis quantity are more, the place of convenient operation is as test plot, the composition that statistics sample ground is concrete, sample is divided into 2 sample ground simultaneously, both are at a distance of more than 100m, according to above-mentioned processed group, that carries out trapper hangs work; The processed group on each sample ground hangs 3 kinds of dissimilar trappers, and every type trapper hangs 20, and totally 2 sample ground, need hang 120 trappers altogether; Draughty position near woods window within experimental field, as ridge place or road both sides, selects the good host tree of growing way, carries out trapper and hang work; Trapper is directly hung on the limb of host tree, distance ground 1.5-2m, interval more than 10m between each trapper.
embodiment 6:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described Inspection and maintenance: check a trapper every day, load in valve bag by traping the anoplophora glabripennis arrived, carry out mark, simultaneously, select anoplophora glabripennis that is complete, that live to take back laboratory and carry out the raw test of indoor Y pipe and test, and incompleteness, the dead alcohol that is placed in preserves; Statistics, qualification trapping, to the male and female quantity of longicorn, make a record; Lure the replacing of core: within every 4-5 days, change and once lure core, when each replacing lures core, the trapper of first position is hanging to second position, second position be hanging to the 3rd position, the like, the trapper of last position is hanging to primary importance, to play the effect hanging up trapper at random.
embodiment 7:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, described test plot, by observing anoplophora glabripennis in host tree: the oviporous orifice on white birch, Acer negundo. L, acer monoes, Norway maple, Xinjiang poplar, Chinese white poplar, dry land willow, emergence hole, the ight soil of larva outside duct, the juice of host tree, select a fairly large number of place of anoplophora glabripennis, the sample determined is divided into 3 pieces of sample ground, add up concrete composition, at a distance of more than 100m between every block sample ground.
embodiment 8:
a kind of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, its composition comprises: bottom 1.Funnel 2 enters collection cups 3 through described bottom and stretches out former bottom 3-4cm, and edge is the 40-60% of height far from the distance bottom collection cups, and funnel butt end connects the bottom of baffle plate 4, and described baffle plate top has top cover 5, described baffle plate is equipped with trapping core 6.
embodiment 9
modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap described in embodiment 8, one group of hole is bored in the bottom of described collection cups, comprise centre bore and the periphery holes around centre bore circle distribution, described baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface scribble concentration 84% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
embodiment 10:
modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap described in embodiment 8 or 9,6-7cm removed by described funnel bottom tip cutter, funnel is made to enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretch out former bottom 3-4cm, extension diameter is 4cm, edge is 8cm from the distance bottom described collection cups, and described funnel butt end is attached to described top, bottom hole; There is in the bottom of described collection cups the hole of 9 about 8mm of diameter; Bottom described collection cups, centre bores 1 hole; 4 holes are bored apart from this hole about 3cm, at a distance of 1.5cm between holes around this hole; Another 4 holes are arranged in front 4 hole surroundings, and at a distance of 2cm between holes, distance center central aperture is 4.5cm; Lure the position of core to move down the suspension of described baffle plate, before suspension trapper, cut each 4cm bottom described baffle plate with cutter; And the iron wire of core that lures described in hanging is extended 4cm, shorten the distance luring core distance collection cups, described baffle plate and described bottom, described top cover, described collection cups inner surface are all smeared with concentration 84% teflon coating.
embodiment 11:
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis:
1. test plot
by observing the oviporous orifice of anoplophora glabripennis in host tree (white birch, Acer negundo. L, acer monoes, Norway maple, Xinjiang poplar, Chinese white poplar, dry land willow etc.), emergence hole, the ight soil of larva outside duct, the juice etc. of host tree, select a fairly large number of place of anoplophora glabripennis, the sample determined is divided into 3 pieces of sample ground, adds up concrete composition, at a distance of more than 100m between every block sample ground.
attractant
2.1 anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone attractants
anoplophora glabripennis a kind of male sex pheromone is introduced as attractant from the U.S..Pheromones is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde is blended in hexane (mixture of isomer, 98.5%, high-efficiency liquid chromatographic-grade) by 1:1 volume ratio and makes.
plant volatile
according to research reports, screen 8 kinds of anoplophora glabripennis host plant source volatile matters, concrete composition is as follows for root:
1. Z-3-hexen-1-ol (natural:>98%, FCC, FG (Aldrich)); 2. n-butyl alcohol (anhydrous, 99.8%, (Sigma-Aldrich)); 3. 1-amylalcohol (Reagentplus,>=99%, (Sigma-Aldrich)); 4. 2-amylalcohol (98%, (Aldrich)); 5. ethyl acetate (anhydrous, 99.8%, (Sigma-Aldrich)); 6. S-nopinene (>=97%, FCC (Aldrich)); 7. phellandrene (Aldrich); 8. acetic acid-3-hexene ester [22] (>=98%, FG, (Aldrich)).
lure the making of core
3.1 male sex pheromones lure the preparation of core
get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio is the pheromones blend i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of 1:1, this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then instills 2 hexanes, pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad gently with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
plant volatile lures the preparation of core
get 100 μ g every Plants volatile matter respectively and be placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then instill several hexanes, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad gently with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation of core
get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and after the pheromones blend i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones that volume ratio is 1:1 mix with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then instill several hexanes, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad gently with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
control treatment group
do not add the blank group luring core.
the setting of trapper
the selection of 4.1 trappers and process
by comparative analysis, select 2 type interception baffle-type trappers and a kind of modified interception baffle-type trapper.
interception baffle-type trapper 1(is called for short: American version 2 generation trapper): the trapper that u s company produces is the type improved on American version 1 generation trapper basis.
interception baffle-type trapper 2(is called for short: Beijing type trapper): the Small silverfish trapper that Pherobio Technology Co., Ltd. produces.
interception baffle-type trapper 3(is called for short: modified trapper): according to practical situations and Problems existing, to American version 1 generation trapper [baffle plate: length 80cm, width 30cm; Lure core hanging position shape to be the rectangle of length 15cm, wide 5cm, the distance at distance baffle plate top is 33cm, and the distance bottom distance baffle plate is 32cm.Top cover: the similar taper shape of shape, diameter is 42cm, and height is 25cm.Bottom: shape is similar to funnel, approximate circle taper, diameter is 42cm, and height is 20cm, and bottom is the square hole of length of side 5cm.Collection cups: be 13cm by length, the square of high 5cm and diameter 13cm, the cylinder composition of high 12cm is highly the collection cups of 17cm.] to carry out artificial reconstructed.
trapper hang place and quantity
select woodland well-ventilated, avoid sunshine direct projection, well lighted, anoplophora glabripennis quantity are more, the place of convenient operation is as test plot, the composition that statistics sample ground is concrete, sample is divided into 2 sample ground simultaneously, both are at a distance of more than 100m, according to above-mentioned processed group, that carries out trapper hangs work.The processed group on each sample ground hangs 3 kinds of dissimilar trappers, and every type trapper hangs 20, and totally 2 sample ground, need hang 120 trappers altogether.
the method that trapper hangs
draughty position near woods window within experimental field, as ridge place or road both sides, selects the good host tree of growing way, carries out trapper and hang work.Trapper is directly hung on the limb of host tree, distance ground 1.5-2m, interval more than 10m between each trapper.
the inspection of trapper
check a trapper every day, loading traping the anoplophora glabripennis arrived in valve bag, carrying out mark, as JN-2,1-2(represent: June 2, the 2nd kind of longicorn luring core to trap on the 1st sample ground).Meanwhile, select anoplophora glabripennis that is complete, that live and take back laboratory and carry out the raw test of indoor Y pipe and test, and incompleteness, the dead alcohol that is placed in preserves.Statistics, qualification trapping, to the male and female quantity of longicorn, make a record.
lure the replacing of core
replacing in every 4-5 days once lures core, each changes when luring core, the trapper of first position is hanging to second position, second position be hanging to the 3rd position, the like, the trapper of last position is hanging to primary importance, to play the effect hanging up trapper at random.
(3) results and analysis
as seen from Figure 3, female (7.63/time of the anoplophora glabripennis that American version 2 generation trapper and modified trapper are traped, 8.63/time), male worm (2.25/time, 3.50/time) quantity is apparently higher than Beijing type trapper (1.13/time, 0.25/time).And the anoplophora glabripennis that American version 2 generation trapper and modified trapper are traped is female, male worm quantity variance is not remarkable, but the female longicorn quantity (8.63/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (7.63/time) many 13%; The male longicorn quantity (3.50/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (2.25/time) many 56%.
as can be seen here, modified trapper can trap more longicorn than other two kinds of trappers, and there is drilling design due to modified trapper collection cups, can ensure that rainwater is discharged fast, reduce the escape of trapping to longicorn, or avoid the longicorn of traping to be soaked rancid by rainwater, affect follow-up trap effect; The time-to-live of trapping to longicorn can being extended simultaneously to a certain extent, ensureing worm source for carrying out follow-up bioassay test.
three, particular content
1. between trapper baffle plate and collection cups, increase a funnel.The funnel tip cutter of purchase is removed
6-7cm, makes funnel just enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, and stretch out former bottom 3-4cm and be advisable, extension diameter is 4cm, and edge is 8cm far from the distance bottom collection cups, and funnel butt end is attached to square hole top, former bottom bottom.
. the aperture of 9 about 8mm of diameter is bored in the bottom of trapper collection cups.Method is that centre bores 1 hole bottom collection cups; 4 holes are bored apart from this hole about 3cm, at a distance of 1.5cm between holes around this hole; Another 4 holes are arranged in front 4 hole surroundings, and at a distance of 2cm between holes, distance center central aperture is 4.5cm.
. trapper is hung and lures the position of core to move down, make to lure the distance of core and bottom collection cup to diminish.Method cuts trapper two each 4cm of baffle plate center bottom with cutter before being suspension trapper; Separately extending 4cm by hanging the iron wire luring core, shortening the distance luring core distance collection cups.
. trapper baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface concentration are that 84% teflon coating is smeared.
embodiment 12:
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis:
1. between baffle plate and collection cups, increase a funnel.This Funnel diameter is 28cm, and the degree of depth is 30cm, buys in Beijing trapper company, and its diameter is less than the diameter of original bottom bottom trapper (diameter is 42cm, and height is 20cm).The funnel tip cutter of purchase is removed 6-7cm, funnel is made just to enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretch out former bottom 3-4cm to be advisable, extension diameter is 4cm, edge (is 13cm by upper length far from collection cups, the cylinder composition of the square of high 5cm and below diameter 13cm, high 12cm is highly the container of 17cm cup-shaped) distance of bottom is 8cm, bottom funnel butt end connection baffle plate.Object is that space between baffle plate and collection cups is reduced, the possibility that the longicorn that minimizing is traped runs away.
manually bore 9 apertures in the bottom of collection cups, diameter is approximately 8mm.To get into the cave method: centre bores a hole bottom collection cups, apart from this pitch-row from being about 3cm, then bore 4 holes and be centered around first hole surrounding, at a distance of 1.5cm between holes; Finally boring 4 holes is arranged in around front 4 holes, and at a distance of 2cm between holes, the air line distance of distance centre boring is 4.5cm.Object to ensure that rainwater is discharged fast, reduces the escape of trapping to longicorn, or avoid the longicorn of traping to be soaked by rainwater rancid, affect follow-up trap effect; The time-to-live of trapping to longicorn can being extended simultaneously to a certain extent, ensureing worm source for carrying out follow-up bioassay test.
lure the baffle plate central authorities of core to move down suspension, what make to lure the distance of core and bottom collection cup to become is less.Specific practice: the original baffle length of trapper is 80cm, hangs and lures the position of core to be the square of length 15cm, wide 5cm, lures 32cm bottom core hanging position distance baffle plate; Before trapper assembling, with cutter, the central authorities of trapper two baffle plates are respectively cut 4cm near baffle plate base section, assemble rear whole suspension and lure the place of core (hanging position distance baffle plate bottom 28cm) just decline 4cm; Former suspension lured the iron wire of core to extend 4cm, after such suspension lures core well, lure the Distance Shortened of core distance collection cups 4cm.Object is when longicorn smells volatile matter, shortens the distance that longicorn falls into trapper collection cups, reduces the possibility luring and collect the longicorn escape of arriving as much as possible.
trapper baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface concentration are that 84% teflon coating is smeared.Method: press the dilution proportion that teflon coating and water volume ratio are 1:5 during use.Object is the smoothness strengthening trapper surface, weakens longicorn to the adhesive force of trapper, prevents longicorn from runing away, improve trappability.
Claims (3)
1. a using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, first Selection experiment sample ground, it is characterized in that: select anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone as attractant, select plant volatile, prepare male sex pheromone and lure core, preparation pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure core, lure core to be contained in respectively on trapper by two kinds, hang trapper, and carry out Inspection and maintenance;
Described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde is mixed by 1:1 volume ratio; Described plant volatile comprises Z-3-hexen-1-ol, n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, 2-amylalcohol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid-3-hexene ester, S-nopinene, phellandrene; The mixture of 10 μ g:100 μ g of described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone and described plant volatile is as pheromones blend.
2. using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring according to claim 1 and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, it is characterized in that: described male sex pheromone of preparing lures the method for core: get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio is the pheromones blend i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of 1:1, this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then 2 hexanes are instilled, pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket, 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, rubber slowly-releasing pad is knocked with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
3. using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring according to claim 1 and 2 and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, it is characterized in that: described pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation method of core: get 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio is the pheromones blend of 1:1, namely after 10 μ g male sex pheromones mix with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in large mouth rubber slowly-releasing pad, then instill 1-10 and drip hexane, this composition to be immersed in rubber blanket 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, rubber slowly-releasing pad is knocked with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is loaded in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, Cord blood, for subsequent use.
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