CN103798206A - Improved intercepting baffle type longicorn trapper and method for monitoring and controlling longicorn using improved intercepting baffle type longicorn trapper - Google Patents
Improved intercepting baffle type longicorn trapper and method for monitoring and controlling longicorn using improved intercepting baffle type longicorn trapper Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798206A CN103798206A CN201410039657.9A CN201410039657A CN103798206A CN 103798206 A CN103798206 A CN 103798206A CN 201410039657 A CN201410039657 A CN 201410039657A CN 103798206 A CN103798206 A CN 103798206A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved intercepting baffle type longicorn trapper and a method for monitoring and controlling longicorn using the improved intercepting baffle type longicorn trapper. According to an existing trapper, longicorn can climb out of the trapper through an inner wall easily after being trapped, and therefore effect statistics can be affected; furthermore, due to the fact that water can be accumulated in the middle due to raining and other reasons, the survival rate of longicorn is affected, insect sources in the same region are affected, and the accuracy of direct comparison results is affected. The method for monitoring and controlling anoplophora glabripennis motsch using the improved intercepting baffle type longicorn trapper comprises the steps of testing a sample plot, selecting anoplophora glabripennis motsch male pheromones as an attractant, selecting plant volatile matter, preparing a male pheromone lure, preparing a pheromone and plant volatile matter composition lure, mounting the lures on the trapper, hanging the trapper and checking and maintaining the trapper. The invention provides a method for monitoring and controlling longicorn.
Description
technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of modified trapper of Supervise prevention and cure forest pest, be specifically related to the modified trapper of a kind of monitoring and control anoplophora glabripennis, and the method for monitoring and control longicorn.This technology belongs to forestry Forest Protection technical field.
Background technology
prior art is confirmed, plant is by synthetic volatile organic matter (the Volatile organic compounds of secondary metabolism approach in body, VOCs) nearly kind more than 30,000, the organic compound material at 100-200 by number molecular weight, as the mixture of the compositions such as hydro carbons, alcohols, ketone, organic acid, nitrogen-containing compound and organic sulfur.Plant volatile is the semiochemicals that carries out information interchange between plant, is also the important information material that guiding plant-feed insect carries out host's identification and location.Single or the composite parts of host plant volatile is looked in host and spouse's process and is played an important role longicorn.Be subject to the attraction of host plant volatile, male and female two property longicorns are gathered in and take food place, and the male longicorn of some kinds is used to come from female visual signal and the synergy of scent signal afterwards, and taking food, place search is female.Male or female white point longicorn
anoplophora malasiacadistinctive sex pheromone has no report, and is subject to its host plant
citrus unshiuvolatile matter attract.Sesquiterpene hydro carbons in this Plants, comprises that beta-elemene, β-China pink are rare, α-humulene and α-farnesene, is proved relevant with the in-plant attracting action of white point longicorn beetle.White point longicorn beetle these closely activated sequiterpene alkene be proved and in luring at a distance, also have activity, the chemical signal that has shown host plant plays an important role in the long distance of white point longicorn beetle with while closely searching spouse.Host plant volatile attracts longicorn also in other research, to be confirmed, as: eucalyptus is had a liking for wooden longicorn
phoracantha semipunctata, Monochamus alternatus
monochanus alternatus, thorn angle ditch volume longicorn
hoplocerambyx spinicornusdeng carrying out spouse location by host's volatile matter.
the olfactory stimulation of the odoring substance that plant-feed insect is distributed with plant comes directed, finds whereby the host plant outside certain distance.Plant volatile can be divided into 3 aspects as its Ecological Functions of important semiochemical: the first, and the volatile matter that plant-feed insect induction produces, can be used as synomone and lures natural enemies of insects.The second, the impact by the chemical communication between plant on the individual generation of other plant around Physiology and biochemistry.The 3rd, on the impact of plant-feed insect behavior.Plant volatile is selected the host of plant-feed insect, is taken food, gathering, mating, the aspect such as lay eggs play very important effect.
in recent years, host tree species volatile matter and more on the impact research of anoplophora glabripennis attracting action.Such as utilizing dynamic head-space absorption method to study full constituent and the diurnal variation law of the raw compound leaf maple of 3a volatile materials, tentatively determine that compound leaf maple volatile materials is made up of 31 kinds of compounds, and have certain release rule.Compound leaf maple attracts the precise chemical structure material of Anoplophora Glabripennis Adults and attracts the Best Times of longicorn.Trap test by field and show, other volatile matter that cis-blatter alcohol discharges than compound leaf maple has larger attraction to anoplophora glabripennis; And in the volatile matter of all tests n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, the mixture of 2-amylalcohol is the most attractive to anoplophora glabripennis.3-hexenol and acetic acid-3-hexene ester have stronger attracting action to anoplophora glabripennis.Result of the test shows, anoplophora glabripennis is female compared with male, and plant volatile is larger to male attraction.δ-3-carene and (E)-caryophyllene are to male very attractive.Result of the test shows that (Z)-3-hexene ester has a repellent action to male, and linalool and (Z)-blatter alcohol are all attractive to the both sexes of anoplophora glabripennis.Raw test is tested and is shown, in the 12 Plants volatile matters that detect, carene and caryophyllene have stronger epigamic to male Anoplophora Glabripennis Adults, and (Z)-3-hexene-acetate shows repellent action to male insect.
in research about longicorn pheromones, it is first contact information element.The complex mixture that the epicuticular wax of insect cuticle is made up of generate longer-chain hydrocarbons, fatty acid, alcohol, ester, aldehyde and ketone, these materials not only play the effect that prevents that insect is dry, also in longicorn searching spouse's process, are playing the part of important role as contact information element.Male longicorn is searched female longicorn near host plant, before contacting female longicorn, feeler there is no the directly female behavior of contact, only, after contact Female antenna, the contact information element of female generation is produced to reaction, identify and femalely just attempt to carry out mating with female afterwards.The contact information element of female generation is confirmed in following subfamily: 3 kinds of the black longicorn family of Lamiinae, 3 kinds of cerambycinae Clytini, the red wing shirt longicorn of cerambycinae Bian Xiong longicorn family
callidiellum rufipenne, Prioninae
m. dasystomus.
in the hydro carbons of female longicorn epicutile wax layer or male and female two property, the many materials of relative amount have formed distinctive semiochemicals, these contact information elements by second or the 3rd in carbochain six carbon, eight carbon or ten carbon hydroxyl or carbonyl form.The contact information element of longicorn is made up of single or compounding substances, for example: one matter 5,17-Dimethyl-nonacosane is the distinctive material of female C.rufipenne epidermis, and mating is played a decisive role.And multi-component mixture is normally made up of homologous compound, formed by 2-methyl alkane and generate longer-chain hydrocarbons, as: the contact information element of Xylotrechus colonus is at least made up of 3 kinds of materials: n-C25,9Me-C25,3Me-C25.Male black abdomen Buddhist nun tiger longicorn utilizes 7Me-C27 and 7Me-C25 as synergist.
m. dasystomus13 kinds of materials of female epidermis are that male epidermis does not have, wherein 2 kinds of methyl alkanes 2Me-C26 and 2Me-C28 occupy an leading position, account for 17% of hydrocarbon sum, one matter just can cause male reaction in raw measured reaction, the two mixing can cause the match reaction that male longicorn is stronger, forms the contact information element of male mating.
about the research of aggregation pheromone, male longicorn produces aggregation pheromone and attracts male and female two property to be confirmed in cerambycinae, Lamiinae and vertebra longicorn dentistry.In field trial, (2S, 3S)-hexane-diol that male black abdomen Buddhist nun tiger longicorn produces, male
n. mucronatus mucronatus(the R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one producing, male
megacyllene caryaethe dihydroxylic alcohols, terpenoid and a kind of fragrant ethanol that produce, the 2-(undecyloxy that male Monochamus alternatus discharges)-ethanol can attract female two property longicorns of the same race.These pheromones are discharged by the pore of male prothoracic gland, and the electron microscope observation result of 65 kinds of longicorns is shown: only have 49 kinds of male longicorns to have prothoracic gland pore, and other 16 kind of two property longicorn all do not have prothoracic gland pore.Male
neocyltus modestus,
n. mucronatuswith
m. caryaethe pheromones that prothoracic gland pore produces is proved.
about the research of sex pheromone, male or female longicorn can produce sex pheromone.The sex pheromone of female generation is almost all found in all Cerambycidaes, and oopod is the position of female longicorn release property pheromones.According to cerambycinae, female California prionid
prionus californicusfirst the volatile length producing be in the news apart from sex pheromone, female
migdolus fryanuswith
vesperus xatartithe pheromones producing has also been determined biologically active.At Lepturinae, first sex pheromone being in the news is female
ortholeptura validasex pheromone (the Z)-11-octadecen-1-yl acetate producing, the carboxylic acid of volatile information element glycol/hydroxy-ketone that this pheromones structure and cerambycinae produce, the terpenes of the male generation of vertebra cerambycinae, Prioninae generation is completely different.
the report of the sex pheromone of male generation, mainly at vertebra cerambycinae, cerambycinae and Lamiinae, comprises the grape borer (Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus) of Clytini
xylotrechus pyrrhoderus, the coffee word ridge tiger longicorn of going out
x. quadripeswith black abdomen Buddhist nun tiger longicorn, the cryptomeria line tiger longicorn of alizarin Clytini
anaglyptus subfasciatus, the North America house longhorn beetle of flat longicorn family
hylotrupes bajulus; The Monochamus alternatus of Lamiinae
monochamus alternatuswith the short boat longicorn in South America.But the identification of chemical composition is only had to several examples of minority, male
hedypathes betulinusthe absolute configuration of the sex pheromone component discharging is confirmed as geranyl acetone, ethanol and acetate.Male
anelaphus inflaticollisthe sex pheromone component producing comprises: (R)-3-hydroxyhexao-2-one, (S)-2-hydroxyhexan-3-one, 2,3-hexanedione, (2R, 3R)-2,3-hexanediols and (2R, 3S)-2,3-hexanediols.Field trial shows: single (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one just can attract longicorn to assemble, and other several micro constitutents have synergistic effect.
for the research of anoplophora glabripennis sex pheromone, anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is the mixtures of 2 kinds of alcohols materials with equal proportion, about utilizing improved wind tunnel test to show, less to male insect attracting action according to two kinds of male sex pheromones that mix the most at high proportion; Y pipe is tested and is also shown, male sex pheromone is better than male to female attracting action.Field test shows, compared with other trappers that lure core are housed, the trapper that independent male sex pheromone lures core are housed and can trap a large amount of female anoplophora glabripennis.The allure of the pheromones mixture that the pheromones mixture that the female anoplophora glabripennis of mating does not produce produces than post-coitum is strong, and trapping is to a large amount of anoplophora glabripennis compared with the control.And in test in 2008, when adding after the artificial synthetic female pheromone that anoplophora glabripennis was had in 2007 attracting action, the attracting action of male longicorn adult is obviously strengthened.
existing trapper is grasped longicorn and is easily climbed out of by inwall later, impact effect statistics, and due to can ponding in the middle of the reason such as rain, affect the survival rate of longicorn, the worm source of areal is affected, the correctness of direct comparing result.
Summary of the invention
the object of this invention is to provide a kind of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, and use this trapper monitoring and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis.
a kind of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, its composition comprises: bottom.Funnel enters collection cups and stretches out former bottom 3-4cm through described bottom, and edge is the 40-60% of height far from the distance of collection cups bottom, and funnel butt end connects the bottom of baffle plate, and described baffle plate top has top cover, on described baffle plate, is equipped with and lures core.
described modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, bore one group of hole in the bottom of described collection cups, comprise centre bore and the periphery holes around centre bore circle distribution, described baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface scribble concentration 84% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
described modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, 6-7cm is removed with cutter in described funnel bottom tip, make funnel enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretch out former bottom 3-4cm, extension diameter is 4cm, edge is 8cm from the distance of described collection cups bottom, and described funnel butt end is attached to described top, bottom hole; There is the hole of 9 about 8mm of diameter in the bottom of described collection cups; Bore 1 hole in described collection cups bottom centre; Around this hole and apart from about this hole 3cm, bore 4 holes, between two holes at a distance of 1.5cm; Another 4 holes are arranged in front 4 hole surroundings, between two holes, at a distance of 2cm, are 4.5cm apart from centre hole; Lure the position of core to move down the suspension of described baffle plate, before hanging trapper, the each 4cm in baffle plate bottom described in cutting with cutter; And extend 4cm by hanging the described iron wire that lures core, and shortening and lure the distance of core apart from collection cups, described baffle plate and described bottom, described top cover, described collection cups inner surface are all smeared with concentration 84% teflon coating.
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and a method of preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, first test plot, selects anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone as attractant.Select plant volatile, prepare male sex pheromone and lure core, preparation pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure core, will have new clothes on trapper, hang trapper, and carry out Inspection and maintenance.
the method of described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and control anoplophora glabripennis, described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde mixes by 1:1 volume ratio; Described plant volatile: Z-3-hexen-1-ol, n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, 2-amylalcohol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid-3-hexene ester, S-nopinene, phellandrene; The 1:10(10 μ g:100 μ of described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone and described plant volatile mixture g) is as pheromones blend.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, the described method of preparing male sex pheromone and lure core: getting 1 μ l concentration is that 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio are the i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of pheromones blend of 1:1, this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into 2 hexanes, pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket, 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, described pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation method of core: getting 1 μ l concentration is that 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio are the pheromones blends of 1:1, after 10 μ g male sex pheromones mix with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into 1-10 and drip hexane, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, the described trapper that hangs: select woodland well-ventilated, avoid sunshine direct projection, well lighted, anoplophora glabripennis quantity are more, the place of convenient operation is as test plot, the concrete composition in statistics sample ground, simultaneously by sample be divided into 2 samples ground, both are at a distance of more than 100m, according to above-mentioned processed group, carry out the work that hangs of trapper; The processed group on each sample ground hangs 3 kinds of dissimilar trappers, and every type of trapper hangs 20, and totally 2 sample ground, need hang 120 trappers altogether; Near draughty position woods window within experimental field, as ridge place or road both sides, selects the good host tree of growing way, carries out trapper and hangs work; The limb that trapper is directly hung on to host tree is upper, apart from ground 1.5-2m, between each trapper more than interval 10m.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, described Inspection and maintenance: check trapper every day one time, by trapping to anoplophora glabripennis pack in valve bag, carry out mark, simultaneously, select anoplophora glabripennis complete, that live and take back laboratory and carry out the raw test of indoor Y pipe and test, and incomplete, the dead alcohol that is placed in is preserved; The male and female quantity of longicorn is arrived in statistics, evaluation trapping, makes a record; Lure the replacing of core: within every 4-5 days, change and once lure core, each replacing while luring core, the trapper of first position is hanging to second position, second position be hanging to the 3rd position, the like, the trapper of last position is hanging to primary importance, to play the effect that hangs up at random trapper.
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, described test plot, by observing anoplophora glabripennis in host tree: the oviporous orifice on white birch, compound leaf maple, acer monoes, Norway maple, Xinjiang poplar, Chinese white poplar, dry land willow, emergence hole, the ight soil of larva outside duct, the juice of host tree, select a fairly large number of place of anoplophora glabripennis, by definite sample be divided into 3 samples ground, add up concrete composition, between every sample ground at a distance of more than 100m.
beneficial effect:
the present invention adopts new formulation to lure core, adopts distinctive funnel structure, can stablize collection, and can not come to harm after longicorn falls into.Through comparative trial, significantly improve than the effect of internal and international state-of-the-art American version 2 generation trapper, Beijing trapper.Anoplophora glabripennis female (7.63/time, 8.63/time) that modified trapper is traped, male worm (2.25/time, 3.50/time) quantity are apparently higher than Beijing type trapper (1.13/time, 0.25/time).And the anoplophora glabripennis that American version 2 generation trapper and modified trapper are traped is female, male worm quantity variance is not remarkable, but the female longicorn quantity (8.63/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (7.63/time) many 13%; The male longicorn quantity (3.50/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (2.25/time) many 56%.
as can be seen here, modified trapper can be traped more longicorn than other two kinds of trappers, and because modified trapper collection cups has funnel and drilling design, can guarantee that rainwater discharges fast, reduce the escape of trapping to longicorn, or the longicorn that avoids trapping to arrive is rancid by rainwater immersion, affects follow-up trap effect; Can extend to a certain extent the time-to-live of trapping to longicorn, guarantee worm source for carrying out follow-up biologicall test test simultaneously.
accompanying drawing explanation:
accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of this product.
accompanying drawing 2 is vertical views of accompanying drawing 1.
accompanying drawing 3 is effect contrast figures of this product and prior art product.
embodiment:
embodiment 1:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and a method of preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, first test plot, selects anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone as attractant.Select plant volatile, prepare male sex pheromone and lure core, preparation pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure core, hang trapper, and carry out Inspection and maintenance.
embodiment 2:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde mixes by 1:1 volume ratio; Described plant volatile: Z-3-hexen-1-ol, n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, 2-amylalcohol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid-3-hexene ester, S-nopinene, phellandrene; The 1:10(10 μ g:100 μ of described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone and described plant volatile mixture g) is as pheromones blend.
embodiment 3:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, the described method of preparing male sex pheromone and lure core: getting 1 μ l concentration is that 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio are the i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of pheromones blend of 1:1, this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into 2 hexanes, pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket, 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
embodiment 4:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, described pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation method of core: getting 1 μ l concentration is that 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio are the pheromones blends of 1:1, after 10 μ g male sex pheromones mix with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into 1-10 and drip hexane, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
embodiment 5:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, the described trapper that hangs: select woodland well-ventilated, avoid sunshine direct projection, well lighted, anoplophora glabripennis quantity are more, the place of convenient operation is as test plot, the concrete composition in statistics sample ground, simultaneously by sample be divided into 2 samples ground, both are at a distance of more than 100m, according to above-mentioned processed group, carry out the work that hangs of trapper; The processed group on each sample ground hangs 3 kinds of dissimilar trappers, and every type of trapper hangs 20, and totally 2 sample ground, need hang 120 trappers altogether; Near draughty position woods window within experimental field, as ridge place or road both sides, selects the good host tree of growing way, carries out trapper and hangs work; The limb that trapper is directly hung on to host tree is upper, apart from ground 1.5-2m, between each trapper more than interval 10m.
embodiment 6:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, described Inspection and maintenance: check trapper every day one time, by trapping to anoplophora glabripennis pack in valve bag, carry out mark, simultaneously, select anoplophora glabripennis complete, that live and take back laboratory and carry out the raw test of indoor Y pipe and test, and incomplete, the dead alcohol that is placed in is preserved; The male and female quantity of longicorn is arrived in statistics, evaluation trapping, makes a record; Lure the replacing of core: within every 4-5 days, change and once lure core, each replacing while luring core, the trapper of first position is hanging to second position, second position be hanging to the 3rd position, the like, the trapper of last position is hanging to primary importance, to play the effect that hangs up at random trapper.
embodiment 7:
using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis, described test plot, by observing anoplophora glabripennis in host tree: the oviporous orifice on white birch, compound leaf maple, acer monoes, Norway maple, Xinjiang poplar, Chinese white poplar, dry land willow, emergence hole, the ight soil of larva outside duct, the juice of host tree, select a fairly large number of place of anoplophora glabripennis, by definite sample be divided into 3 samples ground, add up concrete composition, between every sample ground at a distance of more than 100m.
embodiment 8:
a kind of modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, its composition comprises: bottom 1.Funnel 2 enters collection cups 3 and stretches out former bottom 3-4cm through described bottom, and edge is the 40-60% of height far from the distance of collection cups bottom, and funnel butt end connects the bottom of baffle plate 4, and described baffle plate top has top cover 5, and trapping core 6 is housed on described baffle plate.
embodiment 9
modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap described in embodiment 8, bore one group of hole in the bottom of described collection cups, comprise centre bore and the periphery holes around centre bore circle distribution, described baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface scribble concentration 84% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
embodiment 10:
modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap described in embodiment 8 or 9,6-7cm is removed with cutter in described funnel bottom tip, make funnel enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretch out former bottom 3-4cm, extension diameter is 4cm, edge is 8cm from the distance of described collection cups bottom, and described funnel butt end is attached to described top, bottom hole; There is the hole of 9 about 8mm of diameter in the bottom of described collection cups; Bore 1 hole in described collection cups bottom centre; Around this hole and apart from about this hole 3cm, bore 4 holes, between two holes at a distance of 1.5cm; Another 4 holes are arranged in front 4 hole surroundings, between two holes, at a distance of 2cm, are 4.5cm apart from centre hole; Lure the position of core to move down the suspension of described baffle plate, before hanging trapper, the each 4cm in baffle plate bottom described in cutting with cutter; And extend 4cm by hanging the described iron wire that lures core, and shortening and lure the distance of core apart from collection cups, described baffle plate and described bottom, described top cover, described collection cups inner surface are all smeared with concentration 84% teflon coating.
embodiment 11:
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis:
1. test plot
by observing the oviporous orifice of anoplophora glabripennis in host tree (white birch, compound leaf maple, acer monoes, Norway maple, Xinjiang poplar, Chinese white poplar, dry land willow etc.), emergence hole, the ight soil of larva outside duct, the juice of host tree etc., select a fairly large number of place of anoplophora glabripennis, by definite sample be divided into 3 samples ground, add up concrete composition, between every sample ground at a distance of more than 100m.
attractant
2.1 anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone attractants
introduce a kind of male sex pheromone of anoplophora glabripennis as attractant from the U.S..Pheromones is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde is blended in hexane (mixture of isomer, 98.5%, high-efficiency liquid chromatographic-grade) and makes by 1:1 volume ratio.
plant volatile
root according to research reports, screens 8 kinds of anoplophora glabripennis host plant source volatile matters, and concrete composition is as follows:
1. Z-3-hexen-1-ol (natural:>98%, FCC, FG (Aldrich)); 2. n-butyl alcohol (anhydrous, 99.8%, (Sigma-Aldrich)); 3. 1-amylalcohol (Reagentplus,>=99%, (Sigma-Aldrich)); 4. 2-amylalcohol (98%, (Aldrich)); 5. ethyl acetate (anhydrous, 99.8%, (Sigma-Aldrich)); 6. S-nopinene (>=97%, FCC (Aldrich)); 7. phellandrene (Aldrich); 8. acetic acid-3-hexene ester [22] (>=98%, FG, (Aldrich)).
lure the making of core
3.1 male sex pheromones lure the preparation of core
getting 1 μ l concentration is that 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio are the i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of pheromones blend of 1:1, and this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splashes into 2 hexanes, and pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock gently rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
plant volatile lures the preparation of core
get respectively the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g and be placed in large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into several hexanes, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock gently rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation of core
after getting 1 μ l concentration and be 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio and be the pheromones blend of 1:1 10 μ g male sex pheromones mixing with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into several hexanes, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket.10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock gently rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
control treatment group
do not add the blank group that lures core.
the setting of trapper
the selection of 4.1 trappers and processing
by comparative analysis, select 2 types of interception baffle-type trappers and a kind of modified interception baffle-type trapper.
interception baffle-type trapper 1(is called for short: American version 2 generation trapper): the trapper that u s company produces is improved type on American version 1 generation trapper basis.
interception baffle-type trapper 2(is called for short: Beijing type trapper): the Small silverfish trapper that in Beijing, prompt cubic bio tech ltd produces.
interception baffle-type trapper 3(is called for short: modified trapper): according to the problem of practical situations and existence, to American version 1 generation trapper [baffle plate: length 80cm, width 30cm; Lure core hanging position to be shaped as length 15cm, the rectangle of wide 5cm, is 33cm apart from the distance at baffle plate top, is 32cm apart from the distance of baffle plate bottom.Top cover: the similar taper shape of shape, diameter is 42cm, height is 25cm.Bottom: shape is similar to funnel, approximate circle taper, diameter is 42cm, and height is 20cm, and bottom is the square hole of length of side 5cm.Collection cups: be 13cm by length, the square of high 5cm and diameter 13cm, the cylinder composition of high 12cm is highly the collection cups of 17cm.] carried out artificial reconstructed.
trapper hang place and quantity
select woodland well-ventilated, avoid sunshine direct projection, well lighted, anoplophora glabripennis quantity are more, the place of convenient operation is as test plot, the concrete composition in statistics sample ground, simultaneously by sample be divided into 2 samples ground, both are at a distance of more than 100m, according to above-mentioned processed group, carry out the work that hangs of trapper.The processed group on each sample ground hangs 3 kinds of dissimilar trappers, and every type of trapper hangs 20, and totally 2 sample ground, need hang 120 trappers altogether.
the method that trapper hangs
near draughty position woods window within experimental field, as ridge place or road both sides, selects the good host tree of growing way, carries out trapper and hangs work.The limb that trapper is directly hung on to host tree is upper, apart from ground 1.5-2m, between each trapper more than interval 10m.
the inspection of trapper
check trapper every day one time, by trapping to anoplophora glabripennis pack in valve bag, carry out mark, as JN-2,1-2(represents: June 2, the 2nd kind of longicorn that lures core to trap on the 1st sample ground).Meanwhile, select anoplophora glabripennis complete, that live and take back laboratory and carry out the raw test of indoor Y pipe and test, and incomplete, the dead alcohol that is placed in is preserved.The male and female quantity of longicorn is arrived in statistics, evaluation trapping, makes a record.
lure the replacing of core
within every 4-5 days, change and once lure core, each replacing while luring core, is hanging to second position by the trapper of first position, second position be hanging to the 3rd position, the like, the trapper of last position is hanging to primary importance, to play the effect that hangs up at random trapper.
(3) results and analysis
as seen from Figure 3, female (7.63/time of the anoplophora glabripennis that American version 2 generation trapper and modified trapper are traped, 8.63/time), male worm (2.25/time, 3.50/time) quantity is apparently higher than Beijing type trapper (1.13/time, 0.25/time).And the anoplophora glabripennis that American version 2 generation trapper and modified trapper are traped is female, male worm quantity variance is not remarkable, but the female longicorn quantity (8.63/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (7.63/time) many 13%; The male longicorn quantity (3.50/time) that modified trapper is traped is than American version 2 generation trapper (2.25/time) many 56%.
as can be seen here, modified trapper can be traped more longicorn than other two kinds of trappers, and because modified trapper collection cups has drilling design, can guarantee that rainwater discharges fast, reduce the escape of trapping to longicorn, or the longicorn that avoids trapping to arrive is rancid by rainwater immersion, affects follow-up trap effect; Can extend to a certain extent the time-to-live of trapping to longicorn, guarantee worm source for carrying out follow-up biologicall test test simultaneously.
three, particular content
1. between trapper baffle plate and collection cups, increase a funnel.The funnel tip of purchase is removed with cutter
6-7cm, makes funnel just enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretches out former bottom 3-4cm and is advisable, and extension diameter is 4cm, and edge is 8cm far from the distance of collection cups bottom, and funnel butt end is attached to square hole top, former bottom bottom.
. bore the aperture of 9 about 8mm of diameter in the bottom of trapper collection cups.Method is to bore 1 hole in collection cups bottom centre; Around this hole and apart from about this hole 3cm, bore 4 holes, between two holes at a distance of 1.5cm; Another 4 holes are arranged in front 4 hole surroundings, between two holes, at a distance of 2cm, are 4.5cm apart from centre hole.
. trapper is hung and lures the position of core to move down, make to lure the distance of core and bottom collection cups to diminish.Method is to hang before trapper, cuts two each 4cm of baffle plate center bottom of trapper with cutter; Separately suspension is lured the iron wire of core to extend 4cm, shorten and lure the distance of core apart from collection cups.
. trapper baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface concentration are that 84% teflon coating is smeared.
embodiment 12:
described using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring and the method for control anoplophora glabripennis:
1. between baffle plate and collection cups, increase a funnel.This funnel diameter is 28cm, and the degree of depth is 30cm, buys in Beijing trapper company, and its diameter is less than the diameter of the trapper original bottom in bottom (diameter is 42cm, and height is 20cm).6-7cm is removed to cutter in the funnel tip of purchase, make funnel just enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretching out former bottom 3-4cm is advisable, extension diameter is 4cm, edge (is 13cm by upper length far from collection cups, the square of high 5cm and below diameter 13cm, the cylinder composition of high 12cm is highly the container of 17cm cup-shaped) distance of bottom is 8cm, funnel butt end connects bottom baffle plate.Object is that space between baffle plate and collection cups is reduced, the possibility that the longicorn that minimizing is traped runs away.
at 9 apertures of the artificial brill in the bottom of collection cups, diameter is approximately 8mm.The method of getting into the cave: centre is bored a hole in collection cups bottom,, then bores 4 holes and is centered around first hole surrounding from be 3cm left and right apart from this pitch-row, 1.5cm apart between two holes; Finally boring 4 holes and be arranged in front 4 holes around,, at a distance of 2cm, is 4.5cm apart from the air line distance of centre boring between two holes.Object is to guarantee that rainwater discharges fast, reduces the escape of trapping to longicorn, or it is rancid to avoid longicorn that trapping is arrived to be soaked by rainwater, affects follow-up trap effect; Can extend to a certain extent the time-to-live of trapping to longicorn, ensure worm source for carrying out follow-up biologicall test test simultaneously.
lure the baffle plate central authorities of core to move down suspension, make to lure less that the distance of core and bottom collection cups becomes.Specific practice: the original baffle length of trapper is 80cm, hanging and luring the position of core is length 15cm, the square of wide 5cm lures core hanging position apart from baffle plate bottom 32cm; Before trapper assembling, the central authorities of two baffle plates of trapper are respectively cut to 4cm near baffle plate base section with cutter, 4cm just declines to assemble the place (hanging position is apart from baffle plate bottom 28cm) that rear whole suspension lures core; Lure the iron wire of core to extend 4cm former suspension, suspension lures after core well like this, lure core apart from the Distance Shortened of collection cups 4cm.Object is in the time that longicorn smells volatile matter, has shortened longicorn and fall into the distance of trapper collection cups, reduces as much as possible the possibility that lures longicorn that collection arrives to escape.
trapper baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface concentration are that 84% teflon coating is smeared.Method: press the dilution proportion that teflon coating and water volume ratio are 1:5 when use.Object is the smoothness that strengthens trapper surface, weakens the adhesive force of longicorn to trapper, prevents that longicorn from runing away, and improves trappability.
Claims (10)
1. a modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap, its composition comprises: bottom; It is characterized in that: funnel enters collection cups and stretches out former bottom 3-4cm through described bottom, edge is the 40-60% of height far from the distance of collection cups bottom, funnel butt end connects the bottom of baffle plate, and described baffle plate top has top cover, on described baffle plate, is equipped with and lures core.
2. modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: bore one group of hole in the bottom of described collection cups, comprise centre bore and the periphery holes around centre bore circle distribution, described baffle plate and bottom, top cover, collection cups inner surface scribble concentration 84% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
3. modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described funnel bottom tip cutter is removed 6-7cm, make funnel enter collection cups by former trapper bottom, stretch out former bottom 3-4cm, extension diameter is 4cm, edge is 8cm from the distance of described collection cups bottom, and described funnel butt end is attached to described top, bottom hole; There is the hole of 9 about 8mm of diameter in the bottom of described collection cups; Bore 1 hole in described collection cups bottom centre; Around this hole and apart from about this hole 3cm, bore 4 holes, between two holes at a distance of 1.5cm; Another 4 holes are arranged in front 4 hole surroundings, between two holes, at a distance of 2cm, are 4.5cm apart from centre hole; Lure the position of core to move down the suspension of described baffle plate, before hanging trapper, the each 4cm in baffle plate bottom described in cutting with cutter; And extend 4cm by hanging the described iron wire that lures core, and shortening and lure the distance of core apart from collection cups, described baffle plate and described bottom, described top cover, described collection cups inner surface are all smeared with concentration 84% teflon coating.
4. a using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap is monitored and the method for preventing and treating anoplophora glabripennis, first test plot, it is characterized in that: select anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone as attractant, select plant volatile, prepare male sex pheromone and lure core, preparation pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure core, will have new clothes on trapper, hang trapper, and carry out Inspection and maintenance.
5. the method for using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring according to claim 4 and control anoplophora glabripennis, is characterized in that: described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone is by alcohols material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan) butane group-1-alcohols and aldehydes class material: 4-(oxygen base in positive heptan)-1-butyraldehyde mixes by 1:1 volume ratio; Described plant volatile: Z-3-hexen-1-ol, n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, 2-amylalcohol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid-3-hexene ester, S-nopinene, phellandrene; The 1:10(10 μ g:100 μ of described anoplophora glabripennis male sex pheromone and described plant volatile mixture g) is as pheromones blend.
6. the method with control anoplophora glabripennis according to the using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the described method of preparing male sex pheromone and lure core: getting 1 μ l concentration is that 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio are the i.e. 10 μ g male sex pheromones of pheromones blend of 1:1, this 10 μ g pheromones is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into 2 hexanes, pheromones is immersed in rubber blanket, 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
7. the method with control anoplophora glabripennis according to the using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in claim 4 or 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: described pheromones and phytovolatilization compositions lure the preparation method of core: getting 1 μ l concentration is that 10 μ g/ μ l and volume ratio are the pheromones blends of 1:1, after 10 μ g male sex pheromones mix with the every Plants volatile matter of 100 μ g respectively, mixture is placed in to large mouthful of rubber slowly-releasing pad, then splash into 1-10 and drip hexane, this composition is immersed in rubber blanket 10 minutes, after hexane evaporation, knock rubber slowly-releasing pad with aluminium foil, then rubber slowly-releasing pad is packed in polyvinyl fluoride plastic sack, low temperature is preserved, for subsequent use.
8. the method with control anoplophora glabripennis according to the using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterized in that: the described trapper that hangs: select woodland well-ventilated, avoid sunshine direct projection, well lighted, anoplophora glabripennis quantity are more, the place of convenient operation is as test plot, the concrete composition in statistics sample ground, simultaneously by sample be divided into 2 samples ground, both are at a distance of more than 100m, according to above-mentioned processed group, carry out the work that hangs of trapper; The processed group on each sample ground hangs 3 kinds of dissimilar trappers, and every type of trapper hangs 20, and totally 2 sample ground, need hang 120 trappers altogether; Near draughty position woods window within experimental field, as ridge place or road both sides, selects the good host tree of growing way, carries out trapper and hangs work; The limb that trapper is directly hung on to host tree is upper, apart from ground 1.5-2m, between each trapper more than interval 10m.
9. the method with control anoplophora glabripennis according to the using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, it is characterized in that: described Inspection and maintenance: check trapper every day one time, by trapping to anoplophora glabripennis pack in valve bag, carry out mark, simultaneously, select anoplophora glabripennis complete, that live and take back laboratory and carry out the raw test of indoor Y pipe and test, and incomplete, the dead alcohol that is placed in is preserved; The male and female quantity of longicorn is arrived in statistics, evaluation trapping, makes a record; Lure the replacing of core: within every 4-5 days, change and once lure core, each replacing while luring core, the trapper of first position is hanging to second position, second position be hanging to the 3rd position, the like, the trapper of last position is hanging to primary importance, to play the effect that hangs up at random trapper.
10. the method with control anoplophora glabripennis according to the using modified interception baffle-type Longicorn trap monitoring described in claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: described test plot, by observing anoplophora glabripennis in host tree: white birch, compound leaf maple, acer monoes, Norway maple, Xinjiang poplar, Chinese white poplar, oviporous orifice on dry land willow, emergence hole, the ight soil of larva outside duct, the juice of host tree, select a fairly large number of place of anoplophora glabripennis, by definite sample be divided into 3 samples ground, add up concrete composition, between every sample ground at a distance of more than 100m.
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