CN103797924A

CN103797924A - Alkali-saline land productivity recovery method

Info

Publication number: CN103797924A
Application number: CN201410083242.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李心清; 杨放; 王荣梅
Original assignee: Institute of Geochemistry of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Geochemistry of CAS
Priority date: 2014-03-10
Filing date: 2014-03-10
Publication date: 2014-05-21
Anticipated expiration: 2034-03-10
Also published as: CN103797924B

Abstract

The invention discloses a alkali-saline land productivity recovery method. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) applying biochar in a land in a dry area, wherein the weight ratio of the application amount is 1 percent to 10 percent; (2) after one turn of crops are planted and harvested, and before the next turn of crops are planted, removing a soil layer with thickness more than 2cm from a land surface. Because of the application of the biochar, the saline and alkaline ions are promoted to be enriched above 2 cm of the soil layer, so that conditions are provided for a dry method productivity recovery method; the field moisture capacity of the land can also be improved by the application of the biochar; water conservation and crop growth are facilitated; the soil air permeability is improved; the soil quality is improved; the crop yield and the land productivity are improved; the method is easy to operate and convenient to popularize.

Description

A kind of salinization of soil productivity of land recovering method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of land improvement, particularly a kind of improvement method of saline land.

Background technology

The north of China large-area arid biogeographic zone that distributing, the agricultural production in this region relies on irrigation completely.Dry climate background, irrigation farming and high evaporation amount have determined the certainty of Secondary Saline-alkalization of Land.Under the dynamic condition providing in evaporation, the soil capillary water that in lower soil, salt, the basic ion such as SO42-, Cl-and Na+ upwards moved is carried to crop rhizosphere layer soil and accumulates, cause physiology lack of water and the murder by poisoning of crop, thereby make soil lose production capacity.Over the past thousands of years, for tackling Soil Secondary salinization of soil and maintaining Oasis Land productivity, people adopt the method for flood irrigation drip washing always.Conventionally in annual winter and spring next year, broad irrigation is carried out in farmland.Under overlying water pressure-acting, the salt of upper layer of soil, basic ion with under ooze capillary migration and go out crop rhizosphere layer and enter lower soil, or move out of plot with water under well-drained condition, thereby make the topsoil power of resuming production.Could keep so year after year that production farmland is unlikely loses productivity because of Secondary Saline.Obviously, this productivity of land maintains mode and need to consume a large amount of water resources.But along with the quickening of China's urbanization paces, quick increase and the industrialized development of population, urban domestic water and water for industrial use are increased considerably, thereby cause and the competition of agricultural irrigation water, having reduced significantly can be in order to the water resources quantity of agricultural irrigation.Make therefrom the existing agricultural production way to manage of arid biogeographic zone lose sustainability.In order to guarantee the grain security of arid biogeographic zone under the condition reducing in irrigation water stock number, need to research and develop salinization of soil productivity of land and recover new method.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of salinization of soil productivity of land recovering method is provided, in Agricultural irrigation water resource minimizing situation, still keep the productivity of land of arid biogeographic zone, overcoming therefrom prior art is to maintain productivity of land to need to consume the problem of great lot of water resources.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of salinization of soil productivity of land recovering method, comprises following steps:

(1) in arid biogeographic zone farmland, use charcoal, the weight ratio of using biological carbon and soil is 1%-10%;

(2) after one taking turns crop-planting, having gathered in the crops, before next round crop-planting, soil horizon more than top layer, soil 2cm is removed.

The degree of depth of using charcoal is 0cm-50cm.

In step (1), application process is executed for mixed, evenly mixes with soil by charcoal.

The topsoil layer removing in step (2), the method for available drip washing is removed salt basic ion wherein, returns to farmland and continues to use.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1, compared with the wet method productivity of land reset mode adopting for a long time, the present invention is a kind of dry method reset mode, can save significantly agriculture in arid areas and produce needed water resources quantity;

2, using of charcoal impels salt basic ion to enrichment more than upper soll layer 2cm, thereby provides condition for dry production power reset mode; Using of charcoal also improves soil field capacity, is beneficial to water conservation and plant growth; Improve soil aeration, improve soil quality, improve output and the productivity of land of crop.

3, simple to operate, be convenient to promote.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that using of charcoal promotes the measured result of salt basic ion to upper soll layer 1cm left and right enrichment.0%, the weight ratio of 5% and 10% expression charcoal amount of application, wherein the soil of charcoal is not used in 0% expression.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

(1) in oasis farmland, in the soil of the above degree of depth of 30cm, use charcoal, the weight ratio of amount of application is 5%; Application process is executed for mixed, evenly mixes with soil by charcoal.

(2) plant plant, as the irrigation that discharges water, fertilising and weeding etc., complete plantation and results of taking turns crop with conventional farming method.

Take turns in crop-planting process at this, due to using of charcoal, Na in soil ⁺, Cl ^-and SO ₄ ^2-accelerate to the above enrichment of upper soll layer 2cm (Fig. 1) compared with not using the soil of charcoal in salinization of soil ion.This degree of depth is positioned on crop rhizosphere layer, and therefore the enrichment of salt basic ion in this degree of depth do not affect the normal growth of crop, but provides condition for removing salt basic ion in soil.

(3) before next round crop-planting, first the soil horizon of 2cm left and right, top layer, the soil degree of depth is removed, then carry out the plantation of crop.

The topsoil layer removing can be stacked separately, wait run up to a certain amount of after, the method for available drip washing is removed salt basic ion wherein, and return field continue use.

Embodiment 2:

(1) in oasis farmland, in the soil of the above degree of depth of 30cm, use charcoal, the weight ratio of amount of application is 10%; Application process is executed for mixed, evenly mixes with soil by charcoal.

Take turns in crop-planting process at this, due to using of charcoal, Na in soil ⁺, Cl ^-and SO ₄ ^2-accelerate to the above enrichment of upper soll layer 2cm (Fig. 1) compared with not using the soil of charcoal in salinization of soil ion.

Embodiment 3:

(1) in arid biogeographic zone farmland, in the soil of the above degree of depth of 15cm, use charcoal, the weight ratio of amount of application is 5% and 10%; Application process is executed for mixed, evenly mixes with soil by charcoal;

(2) plant plant, utilize soil moisture adjusting and control instrument to carry out Precision Irrigation according to the required best soil water content of crop, coordinate other conventional farming methods as fertilising and weeding etc., complete plantation and results of taking turns crop.

Take turns in crop-planting process at this, due to using of charcoal, Na in soil ⁺, Cl ^-and SO ₄ ^2-accelerate to the above enrichment of upper soll layer 2cm in salinization of soil ion, produce equally result similar to Figure 1.

Claims

1. a salinization of soil productivity of land recovering method, is characterized in that: comprise following steps:

(1) in farmland, use charcoal, amount of application is that the weight ratio of charcoal and soil is 1%-10%;

2. a kind of salinization of soil productivity of land recovering method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the degree of depth of using charcoal is 0cm-50cm.

3. a kind of salinization of soil productivity of land recovering method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), application process is executed for mixed, evenly mixes with soil by charcoal.

4. a kind of salinization of soil productivity of land recovering method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the topsoil layer removing in step (2), the method for available drip washing is removed salt basic ion wherein, returns to farmland and continues to use.