Summary of the invention
For the problem in background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors, its structure is: described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors comprises P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer, P type polysilicon cap, antireflection film layer, and P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer, P type polysilicon cap, antireflection film layer stack gradually together; Described platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer is platinum silicon nanowires; The mode of operation of described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors adopts just according to mode.
The operation principle of aforementioned platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors is: infrared radiation is incident from front, after antireflection film layer transmission, the infrared light that photon energy is less than Si energy gap arrives platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer through P type polysilicon cap, and electron-hole pair is inspired in platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer, the hot hole that energy exceedes barrier height crosses PtSi/P-Si potential barrier, enter P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer and P type polysilicon cap, this just makes the accumulation having electronics in platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer, and cuniculate accumulation in P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer and P type polysilicon cap, P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer and the equal ground connection of P type polysilicon cap, in platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer, the electronics of accumulation is collected by diode, complete the detection to infrared radiation, due to multiple reflections between the platinum silicon nanowires of Infrared in platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer, add the absorptivity of platinum silicon thin film to infrared radiation, platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer and the P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer of nanostructure form Schottky Barrier Contact, there is larger fringing field effect, produce larger fringe field, light induced electron generation avalanche multiplication effect, increases the quantum efficiency of detector, platinum silicon sodium rice increases one deck P type polysilicon cap, the escape probability of photoproduction hot hole can be made to double, and prevent the movable charge in antireflective coating and photoproduction free electron to exchange, reduce noise and the dark current of platinum infrared silicon detector, meanwhile, detector of the present invention adopts just according to mode, can realize ultraviolet, visible ray, medium-wave infrared multispectral sensing, compared with shining mode, except there is aforementioned advantages, also significantly simplifies packaging technology, improves the reliability of device with the back of the body.
Based on the conventional structure on existing Infrared Detectors, platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors of the present invention is also provided with output diode, the resistance of P+ ditch, contact conductor, P+ diffusely with N guard ring.
In order to improve platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer further to the absorptivity of infrared radiation, described P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer surface is also laminated with aluminium reflector layer; Through P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer transmit not by platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer absorb infrared ray, by aluminium reflector layer reflect after, can again arrive platinum silicon nanowires photosensitive layer and be absorbed.
Preferably, described antireflection film layer adopts hafnia film.
Based on aforementioned device, the invention allows for a kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors manufacture method, its processing step is:
1) P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer is provided;
2) at the upper surface growth grid oxygen medium layer of P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, at grid oxygen medium layer surface deposition silicon nitride medium layer;
3) boron diffusion technology is adopted on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, to form the resistance of P+ ditch and P+ diffusely;
4) phosphonium ion injection technology is adopted to form output diode and N guard ring respectively on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer;
5) plasma etching industrial is adopted to be etched away by the silicon nitride medium layer within the scope of photosensitive area; Wet corrosion technique is adopted to be eroded by the grid oxygen medium layer within the scope of photosensitive area; Exposed P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer region is out photosensitive area window;
6) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology at photosensitive area range of deposited platinum film and in-situ annealing; Adopt platinum assisted etch process wet etching photosensitive area window, form silicon nanowires, with chloroazotic acid etching away platinum film;
7) erode the natural oxidizing layer on silicon nanowires, adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology at photosensitive area deposit platinum film and in-situ annealing, silicon nanowires generates platinum silicon thin film, form platinum silicon nanowires, platinum silicon nanowires is platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer; With the unreacted platinum film of chloroazotic acid etching away;
8) utilize pecvd process in the peripheral deposit low temperature silicon dioxide film in photosensitive area and photosensitive area;
9) photoetching process is adopted the low temperature silicon dioxide film within the scope of photosensitive area to be eroded;
10) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology at photosensitive area and photosensitive area peripheral deposit P type polysilicon membrane, in-situ annealing, forms P type polysilicon cap.
11) method adopting corrosion to peel off, removes low-temperature silicon dioxide and the P type polysilicon membrane of periphery, photosensitive area;
12) magnetron sputtering technique deposit hafnium oxide antireflection film layer in P conformal polysilicon cap is adopted;
13) photoetching process is adopted to form fairlead;
14) utilize magnetron sputtering technique at detector front deposit aluminium film, photoetching forms contact conductor;
15) polished backside, utilizes magnetron sputtering technique at detector back side deposit aluminium film, forms aluminium reflector layer.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is: utilize platinum silicon nanowires to increase absorptivity, and meanwhile, platinum silicon nanowires top exists great fringing field, produces avalanche multiplication effect, increases substantially the quantum efficiency of platinum infrared silicon detector; Increase P type polysilicon cap, the escape probability of photoproduction hot hole can be made to double, and prevent the movable charge in antireflection film layer and photoproduction free electron to exchange, reduce noise and the dark current of platinum infrared silicon detector; Detector adopts just according to mode, significantly simplifies packaging technology, improves the reliability of device.
Embodiment
A kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors, its structure is: described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors comprises P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer 3, P type polysilicon cap 4, antireflection film layer 5, P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer 3, P type polysilicon cap 4, antireflection film layer 5 stack gradually together; Described platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer 3 is platinum silicon nanowires; The mode of operation of described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors adopts just according to mode.
Further, described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors is also provided with output diode 6, P+ ditch resistance 7, contact conductor 8, P+ diffusely 9 and N guard ring 10.
Further, described P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2 back side is also laminated with aluminium reflector layer 1.
Further, described antireflection film layer 5 adopts hafnia film.
A kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors manufacture method, the steps include:
1) P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2 is provided;
2) at the upper surface growth grid oxygen medium layer 11 of P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, at grid oxygen medium layer 11 surface deposition silicon nitride medium layer 12;
3) adopt boron diffusion technology on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, form P+ ditch resistance 7 and P+ diffusely 9;
4) phosphonium ion injection technology is adopted to form output diode 6 and N guard ring 10 respectively on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2;
5) plasma etching industrial is adopted to be etched away by the silicon nitride medium layer 12 within the scope of photosensitive area; Wet corrosion technique is adopted to be eroded by the grid oxygen medium layer 11 within the scope of photosensitive area; Exposed P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2 region is out photosensitive area window;
6) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology at photosensitive area range of deposited platinum film and in-situ annealing; Adopt platinum assisted etch process wet etching photosensitive area window, form silicon nanowires, with chloroazotic acid etching away platinum film;
7) erode the natural oxidizing layer on silicon nanowires, adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology at photosensitive area deposit platinum film and in-situ annealing, silicon nanowires generates platinum silicon thin film, form platinum silicon nanowires, platinum silicon nanowires is platinum silicon thin film photo-sensitive layer 3; With the unreacted platinum film of chloroazotic acid etching away;
8) utilize pecvd process in the peripheral deposit low temperature silicon dioxide film in photosensitive area and photosensitive area;
9) photoetching process is adopted the low temperature silicon dioxide film within the scope of photosensitive area to be eroded;
10) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology at photosensitive area and photosensitive area peripheral deposit P type polysilicon membrane, in-situ annealing, forms P type polysilicon cap 4.
11) method adopting corrosion to peel off, removes low-temperature silicon dioxide and the P type polysilicon membrane of periphery, photosensitive area;
12) magnetron sputtering technique deposit hafnium oxide antireflection film layer 5 in P conformal polysilicon cap 4 is adopted;
13) photoetching process is adopted to form fairlead;
14) utilize magnetron sputtering technique at detector front deposit aluminium film, photoetching forms contact conductor 8;
15) polished backside, utilizes magnetron sputtering technique at detector back side deposit aluminium film, forms aluminium reflector layer 1.