Summary of the invention
For the problem in background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors, its structure is: described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors comprises P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer, P type polysilicon block layer, antireflection film layer, and P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer, P type polysilicon block layer, antireflection film layer stack gradually together; Described platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer is platinum silicon nanowires; The mode of operation of described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors adopts just according to mode.
The operation principle of aforementioned platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors is: infrared radiation is from positive incident, after antireflection film layer transmission, the infrared light that photon energy is less than Si energy gap arrives platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer through P type polysilicon block layer, and inspire electron-hole pair in platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer, energy exceedes the hot hole of barrier height and crosses PtSi/P-Si potential barrier, enter P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer and P type polysilicon block layer, this just makes to have in platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer the accumulation of electronics, and cuniculate accumulation in P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer and P type polysilicon block layer, P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer and all ground connection of P type polysilicon block layer, in platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer, the electronics of accumulation is collected by diode, complete the detection to infrared radiation, due to multiple reflections between the platinum silicon nanowires of Infrared in platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer, increase the absorptivity of platinum silicon thin film to infrared radiation, the platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer of nanostructure and P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer form Schottky Barrier Contact, there is larger fringing field effect, produce larger fringe field, light induced electron generation avalanche multiplication effect, the quantum efficiency of increase detector, on platinum silicon sodium rice, increase one deck P type polysilicon block layer, can make the escape probability of photoproduction hot hole double, and stoped movable charge and the exchange of photoproduction free electron in antireflective coating, reduce noise and the dark current of platinum infrared silicon detector, meanwhile, detector of the present invention adopts just according to mode, can realize ultraviolet, visible ray, medium-wave infrared multispectral sensing, compared with carrying on the back the mode of photograph, except existing aforementioned advantages, has also significantly simplified packaging technology, has improved the reliability of device.
Based on the conventional structure on existing Infrared Detectors, on platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors of the present invention, be also provided with output diode, the resistance of P+ ditch, contact conductor, P+ diffusely with N guard ring.
In order further to improve the absorptivity of platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer to infrared radiation, described P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer surface is also laminated with aluminium reflector layer; The infrared ray not absorbed by platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer transmiting through P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, after the reflection of aluminium reflector layer, can again arrive platinum silicon nanowires photosensitive layer and be absorbed.
Preferably, described antireflection film layer adopts hafnia film.
Based on aforementioned device, the invention allows for a kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors manufacture method, its processing step is:
1) provide P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer;
2) at the upper surface growth grid oxygen medium layer of P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, at grid oxygen medium layer surface deposition silicon nitride medium layer;
3) adopt boron diffusion technology on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer, to form the resistance of P+ ditch and P+ diffusely;
4) adopt phosphonium ion injection technology to form respectively output diode and N guard ring on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer;
5) adopt plasma etching industrial that the silicon nitride medium layer within the scope of photosensitive area is etched away; Adopt wet corrosion technique that the grid oxygen medium layer within the scope of photosensitive area is eroded; Exposed P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer region is out photosensitive area window;
6) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology in photosensitive area range of deposited platinum film in-situ annealing; Adopt platinum assisted etch process wet etching photosensitive area window, form silicon nanowires, corrode and remove platinum film with chloroazotic acid;
7) erode the natural oxidizing layer on silicon nanowires, adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology in photosensitive area deposit platinum film in-situ annealing, generate platinum silicon thin film on silicon nanowires, form platinum silicon nanowires, platinum silicon nanowires is platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer; Corrode and remove unreacted platinum film with chloroazotic acid;
8) utilize pecvd process in photosensitive area and photosensitive area peripheral deposit low-temperature silicon dioxide film;
9) adopt photoetching process that the low-temperature silicon dioxide thin film corrosive within the scope of photosensitive area is fallen;
10) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology in photosensitive area and photosensitive area peripheral deposit P type polysilicon membrane, in-situ annealing, forms P type polysilicon block layer.
11) adopt and corrode the method for peeling off, remove low-temperature silicon dioxide and the P type polysilicon membrane of periphery, photosensitive area;
12) adopt magnetron sputtering technique deposit hafnium oxide antireflection film layer on P conformal polysilicon block layer;
13) adopt photoetching process to form fairlead;
14) utilize magnetron sputtering technique at the positive deposit aluminium of detector film, photoetching forms contact conductor;
15) polished backside, utilizes magnetron sputtering technique at detector back side deposit aluminium film, forms aluminium reflector layer.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is: utilize platinum silicon nanowires can increase absorptivity, meanwhile, platinum silicon nanowires top exists great fringing field, produces avalanche multiplication effect, increases substantially the quantum efficiency of platinum infrared silicon detector; Increase P type polysilicon block layer, can make the escape probability of photoproduction hot hole double, and stoped movable charge and the exchange of photoproduction free electron in antireflection film layer, reduce noise and the dark current of platinum infrared silicon detector; Detector adopts just according to mode, has significantly simplified packaging technology, has improved the reliability of device.
Embodiment
A kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors, its structure is: described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors comprises P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer 3, P type polysilicon block layer 4, antireflection film layer 5, and P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer 3, P type polysilicon block layer 4, antireflection film layer 5 stack gradually together; Described platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer 3 is platinum silicon nanowires; The mode of operation of described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors adopts just according to mode.
Further, on described platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors, be also provided with output diode 6, P+ ditch resistance 7, contact conductor 8, P+ diffusely 9 and N guard ring 10.
Further, described P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2 back sides are also laminated with aluminium reflector layer 1.
Further, described antireflection film layer 5 adopts hafnia film.
A kind of platinum silicon nanowires Infrared Detectors manufacture method, the steps include:
1) provide P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2;
2) at the upper surface growth grid oxygen medium layer 11 of P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, at grid oxygen medium layer 11 surface deposition silicon nitride medium layer 12;
3) adopt boron diffusion technology on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2, to form the resistance 7 of P+ ditch and P+ diffusely 9;
4) adopt phosphonium ion injection technology to form respectively output diode 6 and N guard ring 10 on P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2;
5) adopt plasma etching industrial that the silicon nitride medium layer 12 within the scope of photosensitive area is etched away; Adopt wet corrosion technique that the grid oxygen medium layer 11 within the scope of photosensitive area is eroded; Exposed P type epitaxial silicon substrate layer 2 regions are out photosensitive area window;
6) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology in photosensitive area range of deposited platinum film in-situ annealing; Adopt platinum assisted etch process wet etching photosensitive area window, form silicon nanowires, corrode and remove platinum film with chloroazotic acid;
7) erode the natural oxidizing layer on silicon nanowires, adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology in photosensitive area deposit platinum film in-situ annealing, generate platinum silicon thin film on silicon nanowires, form platinum silicon nanowires, platinum silicon nanowires is platinum silicon thin film photosensitive layer 3; Corrode and remove unreacted platinum film with chloroazotic acid;
8) utilize pecvd process in photosensitive area and photosensitive area peripheral deposit low-temperature silicon dioxide film;
9) adopt photoetching process that the low-temperature silicon dioxide thin film corrosive within the scope of photosensitive area is fallen;
10) adopt ultra high vacuum sputtering technology in photosensitive area and photosensitive area peripheral deposit P type polysilicon membrane, in-situ annealing, forms P type polysilicon block layer 4.
11) adopt and corrode the method for peeling off, remove low-temperature silicon dioxide and the P type polysilicon membrane of periphery, photosensitive area;
12) adopt magnetron sputtering technique deposit hafnium oxide antireflection film layer 5 on P conformal polysilicon block layer 4;
13) adopt photoetching process to form fairlead;
14) utilize magnetron sputtering technique at the positive deposit aluminium of detector film, photoetching forms contact conductor 8;
15) polished backside, utilizes magnetron sputtering technique at detector back side deposit aluminium film, forms aluminium reflector layer 1.