CN103793259B - Virtual device generating and deploying method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of virtual computer environments and particularly relates to a virtual device generating and deploying method. Automatic virtual device generating and deploying are achieved by disintegrating the complete virtual machine image used by a virtual device into a basic substrate and a business device. The method includes the steps of firstly, deploying a virtual computing environment, deploying a physical host, and deploying a management server; secondly, under the support of the virtual computing environment, realizing virtual device generating and deploying through virtual device modules, and respectively setting virtual device modules including a universal template database, a device library, a device generating container, a device assembling container and an executing unit; thirdly, using a front-end user interface to create and generating the virtual device; fourthly, when the virtual device saved in the virtual device library is applied in the virtual computing environment, deploying the virtual device through the front-end user interface. The method has the advantages that the problems that application software submitting, deploying and configuring are difficult and time consuming are solved, the problem that the virtual device in the existing commercial technology is excessively large in size and difficult in issuing, and centralized application issuing, zero configuration deploying and fast issuing can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to virtual computer environment technical field is and in particular to a kind of generation of virtual device and deployment side
Method.
Background technology
At present, Intel Virtualization Technology is more and more extensive in the application of IT field.With multiple nucleus system in recent years, cluster, grid with
And the widespread deployment of cloud computing, advantage in business application for the Intel Virtualization Technology increasingly embodies, and not only reduces IT cost, and
Also enhance security of system and reliability, during virtualized concept is also gradually deep into the daily work of people and lives.
We are primarily referred to as platform virtualization technology at usually said virtualization, by using control program, hide specific
The real physical characteristics of calculating platform, provide the user abstract, the unified, computing environment of simulation, and referred to as virtual machine is virtual
The operating system run in machine is referred to as Client OS；The actual physical machine running virtual machine we term it main frame,
The operating system running monitor of virtual machine is referred to as host operating system.
In virtual computation environmental, the exploitation of application software, distribution, the subject matter that runs into is during deployment：
(1) develop difficulty, show that development and application software must take into and take into account multiple platforms, such as Windows, Linux etc.,
It is also noted that the different editions of each platform, such as Windows XP, Windows7 etc..
(2) deployment trouble, the installation of application is generally difficult to avoid complex steps, and training difficulty is it is easy to occur problem.
(3) difficult in maintenance, provide an application not only to include the software of application software developer, also include operating system,
Data base, middleware, developing instrument collection etc., these factors are all the maintenance of software and upgrading brings risk.
For solving the difficulty of applied software development deployment, in virtual computation environmental, it is possible to use virtual device technology.Empty
Intend device, be a pre-configured software stack, including one or more virtual machines, and wherein each virtual machine can be certainly
Run, and from tape operation system and related application, and its required virtual resource clear and definite.Virtual device and common virtual
Machine is compared, and it all has certain advantage at the aspect such as cross-platform, the support to multi-layer framework, pre-configured and pre-optimized.Specifically
Be embodied in following some：
One is that exploitation is simple.Because developer can limit operating system, the middleware data that application software is run
The version of the softwares such as storehouse, such as SLES 11, WAS 7 and DB2 9.7 etc., are so effectively reduced the scope of exploitation and test, from
And greatly reduce application and development and the difficulty tested and complexity.
Two is that deployment is simple.When disposing using virtual device mode, according to first installation operation system, then centre need not be installed
Part, data base, the mode finally installing application software is disposed, but direct deployment becomes complete application system, can be by
The original work needing several days shortens to a few minutes, original tens step operations can be simplified to a step.
Three is to safeguard simply.Because whole virtual device is from same software developer (ISV), any
Software upgrading and technical support, as long as all He one ISV contact is just permissible, simplify related procedure.
Open virtual machine form (OVF, Open Virtualization Format) is promoted to the demand of virtual device
Birth.Publisher's distributed task management group (DMTF, Distributed Management Task Force) of OVF is
One non-profit-making industry member cooperative association.The design concept major embodiment of OVF this six aspects below：
(1) it is conveniently distributed：Support the safety measures such as certification and the integrity check of virtual device, and software license is provided
Administrative mechanism；
(2) multiple frameworks are supported：Including single virtual machine, multiple virtual machine or multilamellar (Multi-Tier) framework；
(3) cross-platform：OVF agreement does not rely on specific virtual platform, such as VMware or Xen；
(4) open protocol：OVF agreement is the product of cooperation between several big virtualization technology suppliers of industry, and encourages
More enterprises participate；
(5) expansible：OVF agreement can not only meet existing requirement, and constantly sends out to meet virtual device technology
Exhibition and some special needs, it also supports a certain degree of extension；
(6) support localization：The user that those non-English speaking countries can be helped advantageously is used by this.
Following some master files are comprised in one OVF bag：
(1) OVF describes file：Commonly referred to " OVF envelope ", it is an XML document, for defining whole virtual device
Ingredient (such as virtual machine), and the characteristic of each ingredient and resource requirement, suffix entitled " .ovf "；
(2) virtual disk files：The i.e. binary system disk mirroring of virtual machine；
(3) inventory file：Inventory comprises SHA-1 summary (also referred to as " verification and ") of each file in OVF bag, and its effect is true
The integrity of Bao Bao, suffix entitled " .mf "；
(4) certificate file：Effect is to guarantee the credible of whole virtual device by being digitally signed to inventory file
Property, with the X.509 certificate form storage of base64 coding, suffix entitled " .cert "；
(5) OVF environment (Environment) file：The XML document of one key assignments (Key-Value) form, for setting
With the configuration safeguarding software on virtual machine, suffix entitled " .env ".
Existing virtual device is a complete application system in itself, has been completed installation and the configuration of software.?
A small amount of operating system basic configuration can only be changed, such as IP address, CPU number etc. during deployment.Virtual device technology exists at present
It is used widely in business software, such as VMware, the company such as IBM, Oracle is all the application software of oneself with virtual device
Form issue.User by network download virtual device, be deployed in virtual computation environmental, start virtual machine so that it may so that
With corresponding software it is not necessary to consider physical machine, operating system, run the software and hardware compatibling problems such as lab environment it is not required that entering
The installation configuration of row software.
Virtual device comprises to run the full content of virtual machine, including operating system, data base, middleware and application in itself
Software etc..But at present, the requirement to hard drive space for the operating system constantly becomes big, in the case that such as Windows XP typical case installs
Need hundreds of MB, Windows7 needs about 5～6GB, acceptance of the bid kylin (SuSE) Linux OS needs about 2～3G.Relatively and
Speech, the volume of application software is much smaller, typically not greater than 100MB.Many times, the void that different information systeies is used
Intend device, the operating system being used is identical (being all such as Windows 2003), different is application software part.
In this case, if issuing multiple virtual devices, then actually, under identical basic operating system file is repeated
Send out repeatedly.When issuing using network transmission mode, the network bandwidth can be caused to repeat to take the prolongation of data transmission time；?
When issuing using CD or portable hard drive mode, hard-disk capacity can be caused waste.
Therefore, need a kind of dispositions method based on virtual device of development badly, for deployment information in virtual computation environmental
The demand of system, solves device file in existing commercialization virtual device technology excessive, to the transmission bandwidth larger, transmission time of requirement
Longer, and the problem that hard-disk capacity wastes.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of dispositions method based on virtual device, to improve virtual device
Deployment efficiency, reduce device distribution when disk size and network bandwidth requirement.
In order to realize this purpose, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that：
A kind of generation of virtual device and dispositions method, by the complete virtual machine image that virtual device is used,
It is decomposed into foundation formss and two parts of business device, effectively reduce while ensureing virtual device complete function and need to distribute
Virtual device file volume, specifically include following steps：
(1) dispose virtual computation environmental
(1.1) dispose physical host：Virtual master with the virtual machine manager based on kernel as virtualization layer installed above
Machine server OS, and run Agent, with management server communication, realize control function；
(1.2) dispose management server：Run virtualization management tool software in management server, and data base supports
Software；
(2) generation and the deployment work(of virtual device under the support of virtual computation environmental, is realized by virtual device module
Can, it is respectively provided with following virtual device module：
(2.1) common template storehouse：By template generation virtual machine therein；Template is to be mounted with basic operating system
Virtual machine image file；
(2.2) component inventory：It is used for preserving all of virtual device of virtual computation environmental, provide business fortune by virtual device
Row ability；Each virtual device all installation operation system and service application software in advance, and its required void clear and definite
Intend resource；
(2.3) device generation container：By the template establishment intermediateness virtual machine in device generation container, install and join
Put application software, intermediateness virtual machine is converted to virtual device；Device generation container includes：Command analysis device；Template fills
Load program；Device generation program；
(2.4) device group packaging container：Virtual device, assembly device, go forward side by side line activating and base are loaded into from component inventory by it
This configuration, is published to the application having configured in virtual computation environmental；Device group packaging container includes：Command analysis device, device solution
Analysis program, device linkage editor, device activation program, auto configurator, device issues program；
(2.5) performance element：Virtual machine is called come the front-end user interface of virtual computation environmental and other module by it
Part runs the interface of module, calls virtual device to run module according to operational order；
(3) utilize front-end user interface, create and generate virtual device：
(3.1) essential information of virtual device is inputted by front-end user interface；
(3.2) use front-end user interface, by performance element, call the command analysis device of device generation container；
(3.3) template load module is loaded into template from common template storehouse, generates interim intermediateness virtual machine；Middle
The virtual disk files of state virtual machine include 2 parts：Basic templates file and disk differential file, wherein basic templates file
It is the template in common template storehouse, the difference section of disk differential file record magnetic disk of virtual machine and common template；
(3.4) by virtual machine active program, virtual machine is started, be delivered for use；
(3.5) in intermediate state virtual machine, application software is installed, and carries out functional verification；
(3.6) device generation program saves as virtual device the virtual disk files of intermediate state virtual machine；When stored,
Only preserve disk differential file, do not preserve basic templates file.
(4) dispose virtual device：
When the virtual device being saved in component inventory is published to use in virtual computation environmental, by front-end user interface
Execute mapping out the work of virtual device：
(4.1) pass through front-end user interface, using performance element, call the command analysis device of device group packaging container；
(4.2) after being loaded into virtual device, by device analysis program, virtual device is untied, the virtual machine institute of parsing device
The template using；
(4.3) configuration according to device, template assemblies program is loaded into corresponding operating system template from common template storehouse,
And it is combined into complete virtual machine image with the disk differential file business device file in device；
(4.4) according to the configuration of device, the resource distribution according to requirement on devices starts virtual machine to device activation program；
(4.5) auto configurator, according to the configuration of user, changes the basic configuration of virtual machine, including IP address, main frame
Name, user cipher；
(4.6) device issues program is published to the virtual device having activated in virtual computation environmental, provides service.
Further, the automatically generating and dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (2.1), virtual
Computing environment provide various criterion operating system template it is ensured that non-commensurate deployment virtual computation environmental used in template
Identical.
Further, the automatically generating and dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (2.2), device
The source of the virtual device in storehouse includes 2 kinds：Other units issue, generation in this virtual computation environmental.
Further, the automatically generating and dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (3.1), virtual
The essential information of device includes title, function declaration.
Further, the automatically generating and dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (3.5), user
The installation method installing application software in intermediate state virtual machine is selected from one of following two methods：From section server peace
Fill, file is copied directly in virtual machine image.
Technical solution of the present invention is passed through to propose assembled virtual device modelling technique, and using virtual device technology, solving should
With the problem that the submission of software, deployment, configuration are difficult time-consuming, and it is excessive to solve virtual device volume in existing commercial technology, under
The problem of hardly possible of feeling sleepy, the concentration being capable of applying issues, and zero configuration is disposed, and Quick thread, thus solve application software
Deployment issue.And this assembled virtual device technology can be applicable to basic software and application software in virtual computation environmental
Deployment.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is device generation flow chart in technical solution of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is device assembling flow path figure in technical solution of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The automatically generating and dispositions method, by the complete virtual machine mirror that virtual device is used of a kind of virtual device
Picture, is decomposed into foundation formss and two parts of business device, to realize automatically generating and disposing of virtual device, specifically include with
Lower step：
(1) dispose virtual computation environmental
(1.1) dispose physical host：Virtual master with the virtual machine manager based on kernel as virtualization layer installed above
Machine server OS, and run Agent, with management server communication, realize control function；
(1.2) dispose management server：Operate above by virtualization management tool software, and data base's support programs；
(2) generation and the deployment work(of virtual device under the support of virtual computation environmental, is realized by virtual device module
Can, it is respectively provided with following virtual device module：
(2.1) common template storehouse：By template generation virtual machine therein；Template is to be mounted with basic operating system
Virtual machine image file；Virtual computation environmental provide various criterion operating system template it is ensured that non-commensurate deployment void
Used in intending computing environment, template is identical.
(2.2) component inventory：It is used for preserving all of virtual device of virtual computation environmental, provide business fortune by virtual device
Row ability；Each virtual device all installation operation system and service application software in advance, and its required void clear and definite
Intend resource；The source of the virtual device in component inventory includes 2 kinds：Other units issue, generation in this virtual computation environmental
's.
(2.3) device generation container：By the template establishment intermediateness virtual machine in device generation container, install and join
Put application software, intermediateness virtual machine is converted to virtual device；
As shown in figure 1, device generation container includes：Command analysis device；Template load module；Device generation program；
(2.4) device group packaging container：Virtual device, assembly device, go forward side by side line activating and base are loaded into from component inventory by it
This configuration, is published to the application having configured in virtual computation environmental；
As shown in Fig. 2 device assembler includes：Command analysis device, device analysis program, device linkage editor, device swash
The program of living, auto configurator, device issues program；
(2.5) performance element：Virtual machine is called come the front-end user interface of virtual computation environmental and other module by it
Part runs the interface of module, calls virtual device to run module according to operational order；
(3) utilize front-end user interface, create and generate virtual device：
(3.1) essential information of virtual device is inputted by front-end user interface；The essential information of virtual device includes name
Title, function declaration.
(3.2) use front-end user interface, by performance element, call the command analysis device of device generation container；
(3.3) template load module is loaded into template from common template storehouse, generates interim intermediateness virtual machine；Middle
The virtual disk files of state virtual machine include 2 parts：Basic templates file and disk differential file, wherein basic templates file
It is the template in common template storehouse, the difference section of disk differential file record magnetic disk of virtual machine and common template；
(3.4) by virtual machine active program, virtual machine is started, be delivered for use；
(3.5) in intermediate state virtual machine, application software is installed, and carries out functional verification；
The installation method that user installs application software in intermediate state virtual machine is selected from one of following two methods：From
Section server is installed, file is copied directly in virtual machine image.
(3.6) device generation program saves as virtual device the virtual disk files of intermediate state virtual machine；When stored,
Only preserve disk differential file, do not preserve basic templates file；
(4) dispose virtual device：
When the virtual device being saved in component inventory is published to use in virtual computation environmental, by front-end user interface
Execute mapping out the work of virtual device：
(4.1) pass through front-end user interface, using performance element, call the command analysis device of device group packaging container；
(4.2) after being loaded into virtual device, by device analysis program, virtual device is untied, the virtual machine institute of parsing device
The template using；
(4.3) configuration according to device, template assemblies program is loaded into corresponding operating system template from common template storehouse,
It is combined into complete virtual machine image with the disk differential file business device file in device；
(4.4) according to the configuration of device, the resource distribution according to requirement on devices starts virtual machine to device activation program；
(4.5) auto configurator, according to the configuration of user, changes the basic configuration of virtual machine, including IP address, main frame
Name, user cipher；
(4.6) device issues program is published to the virtual device having activated in virtual computation environmental, provides service.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of virtual device automatically generate with dispositions method it is characterised in that：Complete by what virtual device was used
Virtual machine image, be decomposed into foundation formss and two parts of business device, to realize automatically generating and disposing of virtual device,
Specifically include following steps：
(1) dispose virtual computation environmental
(1.1) dispose physical host：Fictitious host computer clothes with the virtual machine manager based on kernel as virtualization layer installed above
Business device operating system, and run Agent, with management server communication, realize control function；
(1.2) dispose management server：Operate above by virtualization management tool software, and data base's support programs；
(2) generation and the deployment function of virtual device under the support of virtual computation environmental, is realized by virtual device module, point
Following virtual device module is not set：
(2.1) common template storehouse：By template generation virtual machine therein；Template is the void being mounted with basic operating system
Plan machine image file；
(2.2) component inventory：It is used for preserving all of virtual device of virtual computation environmental, provide service operation energy by virtual device
Power；Each virtual device all installation operation system and service application software in advance, and its required virtual money clear and definite
Source；
(2.3) device generation container：By the template establishment intermediateness virtual machine in device generation container, install and configuration should
With software, intermediateness virtual machine is converted to virtual device；
Device generation container includes：Command analysis device；Template load module；Device generation program；
(2.4) device group packaging container：Virtual device, assembly device are loaded into from component inventory by it, the line activating and substantially joining of going forward side by side
Put, the application having configured is published in virtual computation environmental；
Device assembler includes：Command analysis device, device analysis program, device linkage editor, device activation program, automatically configure
Program, device issues program；
(2.5) performance element：Virtual device is called to transport by it come the front-end user interface of virtual computation environmental and other module
The interface of row module, calls virtual device to run module according to operational order；
(3) utilize front-end user interface, create and generate virtual device
(3.1) essential information of virtual device is inputted by front-end user interface；
(3.2) use front-end user interface, by performance element, call the command analysis device of device generation container；
(3.3) template load module is loaded into template from common template storehouse, generates interim intermediateness virtual machine；Intermediateness
The virtual disk files of virtual machine include 2 parts：Basic templates file and disk differential file, wherein basic templates file are logical
With the template in template base, the difference section of disk differential file record magnetic disk of virtual machine and common template；
(3.4) by virtual machine active program, virtual machine is started, be delivered for use；
(3.5) in intermediate state virtual machine, application software is installed, and carries out functional verification；
(3.6) device generation program saves as virtual device the virtual disk files of intermediate state virtual machine；When stored, only protect
Deposit disk differential file, do not preserve basic templates file；
(4) dispose virtual device
When the virtual device being saved in component inventory is published to use in virtual computation environmental, executed by front-end user interface
The mapping out the work of virtual device：
(4.1) pass through front-end user interface, using performance element, call the command analysis device of device group packaging container；
(4.2) after being loaded into virtual device, by device analysis program, virtual device is untied, the virtual machine of parsing device is used
Template；
(4.3) configuration according to device, template assemblies program is loaded into corresponding operating system template from common template storehouse, and device
Disk differential file business device file in part is combined into complete virtual machine image；
(4.4) according to the configuration of device, the resource distribution according to requirement on devices starts virtual machine to device activation program；
(4.5) auto configurator, according to the configuration of user, changes the basic configuration of virtual machine, including IP address, host name, uses
Family password；
(4.6) device issues program is published to the virtual device having activated in virtual computation environmental, provides service.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of virtual device automatically generate with dispositions method it is characterised in that：Step (2.1)
In, virtual computation environmental provides the operating system template of various criterion it is ensured that making in the virtual computation environmental of non-commensurate deployment
Template is identical.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of virtual device automatically generate with dispositions method it is characterised in that：Step (2.2)
In, the source of the virtual device in component inventory includes 2 kinds：Other units issue, generation in this virtual computation environmental.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of virtual device automatically generate with dispositions method it is characterised in that：Step (3.1)
In, the essential information of virtual device includes title, function declaration.
5. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of virtual device automatically generate with dispositions method it is characterised in that：Step (3.5)
In, the installation method that user installs application software in intermediate state virtual machine is selected from one of following two methods：From section clothes
Business device is installed, file is copied directly in virtual machine image.
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| CN105045663B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2018-12-04 | 马金栋 | The method and system of rapid deployment virtual machine |
| CN105045644A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-11-11 | 上海赛为信息技术有限公司 | Production method of virtual device program installation package and production method of virtual device |
| CN105867955A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-08-17 | 乐视云计算有限公司 | Deployment system and deployment method of application program |
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| CN105677442A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-15 | 湖南蚁坊软件有限公司 | Deployment method based on container virtualization |
| CN105893115B (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2019-08-20 | 上海携程商务有限公司 | The method and system of differentiation deployment virtual machine |
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