CN103790248B - A kind of preparation method of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building Download PDFInfo
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- CN103790248B CN103790248B CN201410038424.7A CN201410038424A CN103790248B CN 103790248 B CN103790248 B CN 103790248B CN 201410038424 A CN201410038424 A CN 201410038424A CN 103790248 B CN103790248 B CN 103790248B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high insulating effect, from heavy and light, can the preparation method of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate of fireproofing and heat resistant, comprise the following steps: (1) prepares biology cellulose；(2) biology cellulose is dissolved in solvent, makes dispersion soln；(3) under being stirred continuously, in dispersion soln, add aqueous silicate solution react；(4) gel solution after completion of the reaction prepares aeroge through supercritical drying；(5) described aeroge and remaining adjuvant are mixed together, suppress, obtain described thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building after molding.Owing to the present invention have employed the aerogel products prepared by biology cellulose in thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate so that the weight of warming plate, density are greatly reduced, and there is the most heat-resisting, insulating properties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building material technical field, especially relate to the preparation method of a kind of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building.
Background technology
Heat insulation plate for building say easy-to-understand be exactly insulation to building plank.Warming plate is with polystyrene resin
For raw material plus other supplementary material and poly-inclusion, be injected simultaneously into catalyst by adding hot mixing, then extrusion molding extrusion molding and
The rigid foam plate manufactured, has protection against the tide, water resistance, can make minimizing building envelope thickness, thus increase
Indoor usable floor area.
Its frequent species has:
XPS warming plate, adds other supplementary material and poly-inclusion with polystyrene resin for raw material, same by adding hot mixing
Time injecting catalyst, then extrusion molding extrusion molding and the rigid foam plate that manufactures.. its formal name used at school is thermal insulation extruded polystyrene
Vinylic foam (is called for short XPS), and XPS has perfect closed honeycomb structure, and this structure allows XPS plate have extremely low water absorption
(water suction hardly), low thermal conductivity coefficient, high pressure resistance, ageing resistance (normally using almost without degradation and decomposition phenomenon).
Polyurethane thermal insulation board, polyurethane, after adding fire retardant, is the self-extinguishing of a kind of difficult combustion, and its softening point can
Reach more than 250 degrees Celsius, only just there will be decomposition when higher temperature: it addition, polyurethane can be at its foam table when burning
Face forms ash, and this layer of ash helps the foam that isolation is following.Fire spread can be effectively prevented.And, polyurethane is the most also
Do not produce harmful gas.
Cement foaming insulation board, primary raw material is cement and flyash, produces by adding some dispensings and making it foam
Pore, thus reach heat insulation effect.
Expansion polyphenyl plate, full name polystyrene foam plate, this material is by the expandability containing volatile fluid foaming agent
Polystyrene bead, the white solid with fine hole-closing structure of hot briquetting in a mold after heated pre-.Benzene plate is
Inflammable, high insulating effect, but easily absorb water, and cause weight to increase deformation, waterproof measure have to be handled properly, and otherwise can
Directly affect that to add fire protecting performance service life low, complicated construction technique, need to add grid cloth.
Phenolic-aldehyde heat-insulation board, is made up of phenol formaldehyde foam, phenol formaldehyde foam be a kind of novel do not fire, low cigarette insulation material of preventing fires, it
The closed pore rigid foam that foaming agent, firming agent and other auxiliary agent are made is added by phenolic resin.
Rock cotton board, is with basalt and other natural crystal etc. as primary raw material, through high-temperature fusion fibroblast, adds appropriate viscous
Knot agent, solidification is processed and is made.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention be to provide a kind of high insulating effect, from heavy and light, can the insulation of fireproofing and heat resistant resistance to
The preparation method of hot plate.The thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate prepared according to the method has high insulating effect, from skills such as heavy and light, flameproof effect are good
Art effect.May be used for exterior-wall heat insulation and the heat insulating inner wall of all kinds of building.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The preparation method of a kind of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, comprises the following steps:
(1) biology cellulose is prepared；
(2) biology cellulose is dissolved in solvent, makes dispersion soln；
(3) under being stirred continuously, in dispersion soln, add aqueous silicate solution react；
(4) gel solution after completion of the reaction prepares aeroge through supercritical drying；
(5) described aeroge and remaining adjuvant are mixed together, suppress, obtain described thermal-insulation heat-resistant for building after molding
Plate.
The preparation method of the present invention, it is that employing can fermenting and producing biology fibre that wherein said step (1) prepares biology cellulose
The strain of dimension element is inoculated and is carried out membranaceous biological cellulose gel that static fermentation obtains in fermentation medium or dynamic fermentation obtains
The granular biological cellulose gel arrived.
The preparation method of the present invention, wherein said the strain of fermenting and producing biology cellulose can include acetic acid Pseudomonas
(Acetobacter), Agrobacterium (Agrobacterium), rhizobium (Rhizobium) and Sarcina
(Sarcina), preferably gluconate pyracetobacillus.The wherein fermenting and producing of biology cellulose, it is possible to use any can be upper
State microorganism and the fermentation medium of growth and breeding condition is provided, fermentation medium containing Sucus Cocois is preferably used.
The preparation method of the present invention, the solvent being used for dissolving biology cellulose in wherein said step (2) is: sodium hydroxide
The combination of one or more in aqueous solution, lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, ammonia；The concentration of described sodium hydrate aqueous solution is 4-
10%；The concentration of described lithium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2-6%；The concentration of described ammonia is 30-40%.
The preparation method of the present invention, after adding solvent in wherein said step (2), preferably at the power bar of 200w-450w
Ultrasonic disperse 0.5-2 hour under part, prepares dispersion soln.
The preparation method of the present invention, in wherein said step (3), the concentration of aqueous silicate solution is: 0.5-2.5mol/L；
Add after silicate solutions insulation reaction 1 hour, regulation pH value to 6.0-7.0 at a temperature of 50-80；Insulation reaction 1 again
After hour, it is washed with deionized termination reaction.
The preparation method of the present invention, in wherein said step (4), supercritical drying is high temperature ethanol supercritical drying or low
Temperature carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying.
The preparation method of the present invention, the described adjuvant in wherein said step (5) include polyurethane, polystyrene resin,
Phenolic resin or rock wool etc., briquetting process uses known forming method in routine techniques, can be by any proportion in institute
Stating and add above-mentioned adjuvant in aeroge, the effect of thermal-insulation heat-resistant can suitably increase the ratio shared by described aeroge as required
Weight.
The preparation method of the present invention, uses main as thermal-insulation heat-resistant of this new material of biology cellulose innovatively
Material.Biology cellulose (Biocellulose), the Bacterial cellulose that is otherwise known as (Bacterial cellulose, BC), it is
By the microorganism of acetic acid Pseudomonas, the cellulose products made such as fermentations such as acetobacter xylinums.At present many with garbage, as Sucus Cocois,
Pineapple peel juices etc. are as raw material, and therefore it is with low cost.In the product obtained containing up to more than 95% moisture, the most again by
It is referred to as biological cellulose gel.The preparation method of biological cellulose gel be it known in the art, as CN101671708A,
CN1840677A, CN101319242A all have disclosed.Biology cellulose compared with plant cellulose without lignin, pectin and
The association products such as hemicellulose, have high-crystallinity (up to 95%, plant cellulose for 65%) and the high degree of polymerization (DP value 2
000～8 000)；It has hyperfine network structure, and biological fiber cellulose fiber is to be combined into 40 by the fento of diameter 3～4 nanometer
～60 thick fibre bundles of nanometer, and it is intertwined to form the hyperfine network structure of prosperity；Its elastic modelling quantity is that general plant is fine
The several times of dimension are to more than ten times, and tensile strength is high；Biological fiber have the strongest moisture holding capacity, has higher life simultaneously
The thing compatibility, adaptability and good biodegradability.The existing product of biological cellulose gel is mainly used in food, cosmetic
In product, as being used for making fruit jelly, Yoghourt, increase the absorption of dietary fiber；Or for making the carrier of mask product；These produce
Product are higher to the character requirement of biology cellulose in manufacturing process, generally individually now can produce a lot of cutting through cutting
Cut garbage, leftover pieces, pass into disuse under normal circumstances.
Present invention preferably uses biology cellulose and add the garbage in man-hour, such as discarding after cutting when making fruit jelly or facial film
The garbage etc. that in leftover pieces, or sweat, film forming character is bad, not only can reduce cost, it is also possible to processing discarded
Thing secondary utilizes.The biology cellulose that harsh product obtains is the product of gelling properties, and fiber crystallization degree is high, but has height and hold
Aqueous and high resiliency, it is impossible to directly use it for the preparation of construction material.After inventor's research is dissolved in basic solvent, permissible
Substantial amounts of hydrogen bond structure in broken biological cellulose molecular structure, reduces the crystallization degree of natural biological cellulose, then chelates two
Silicon oxide, makes substantial amounts of hydrone in molecular structure escape under the conditions of supercritical drying, and gassy molecule, form weight
Measure silica-type aerogel products ultralight, that density is low, poor heat conductivity, good insulating, heat-resisting effect are good.Again by described aeroge
Product obtains after routine techniques is compressing with adjuvants such as such as polyurethane, polystyrene resin, phenolic resin or rock wools
Thermal-insulation heat-resistant panel products for building.The ratio shared by described aeroge, ratio can be suitably adjusted according to the needs of heat insulation effect
The highest, conduct oneself with dignity the lightest, and heat insulation effect is the best.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention and contrast experiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but tool hereinafter
Body implementation is understood not to limitation of the present invention.Those of ordinary skill in the art can show on the basis of the present invention
And the various changes that easily insight is made and change, it should the most within the scope of the present invention.
One, the production of biology cellulose
Embodiment 1
Using Sucus Cocois as culture medium, inoculating the gluconate pyracetobacillus through overactivation, inoculum concentration is culture medium weight
8%, tray static fermentation 7 days at 28 DEG C, obtain biological cellulose membrane in media surface, thickness is 15mm.It is cut into suitable
When, after the mask product of shape, remaining corner fritter gel products is standby.
Embodiment 2
With glucose 3wt%, sucrose 2wt%, yeast extract 1wt%, peptone 0.5wt%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.2wt%, phosphoric acid hydrogen
Dipotassium 0.1wt%, magnesium sulfate 0.1wt%, the water of agar 2wt% and 91.1wt% are configured to culture medium, inoculate the wood vinegar through overactivation
Bacillus, inoculum concentration is the 10% of culture medium weight, at 26 DEG C in shaking flask or other containers dynamic fermentation 5 days, obtain in the medium
Obtain spherical biological cellulose gel granule.
Two, aeroge is prepared
Embodiment 3
Corner fritter gel products embodiment 1 obtained is dissolved in the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 6%, continuous stirring, and
Ultrasonic disperse 1 hour under the power condition of 300w, prepares dispersion soln.Continue stirring, add the silicate solutions of 2.5mol/L
After at a temperature of 50-80 insulation reaction 1 hour, regulation pH value is to 6.0-7.0；Insulation reaction is after 1 hour again, uses deionization
Water washing terminates reaction.Through high temperature ethanol supercritical drying, the gel solution having chelated silicon dioxide is prepared aeroge produce
Product.
Embodiment 4
Biological cellulose gel granule embodiment 2 obtained is dissolved in the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 4% and the Lithium hydrate of 2%
In the mixed solution of aqueous solution, continuous stirring, and ultrasonic disperse 1.5 hours under the power condition of 200w, prepare dispersion soln.
Continue stirring, add 1.5mol/L silicate solutions after at a temperature of 50-80 insulation reaction 1.5 hours, regulation pH value extremely
6.0-7.0；Insulation reaction is after 1 hour again, is washed with deionized termination reaction.The gel solution of silicon dioxide will have been chelated
Aerogel products is prepared through low-temperature carbon dioxide supercritical drying.
Three, thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building is prepared
Embodiment 5
Aeroge embodiment 3 obtained is after by volume percentage ratio 20% mixes with the polyurethane of 30%, the rock wool of 50%, pressure
Thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building made by the type of making, and the thickness of plate determines according to actual needs.
Comparative example 5
By the polyurethane of percent by volume 50%, 50% rock wool mixing after, compressing make thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building,
The size of plate is with embodiment 5.
Measuring weight and the heat conductivity of the warming plate of embodiment 5 and comparative example 5, the detection method of heat conductivity is:
In sealed environment, the environment being subzero 10 degree by the side cooling of warming plate, opposite side is the environment of room temperature 20 degree, places 2 little
Shi Hou, measures the temperature of warming plate opposite side room temperature, and result is as follows:
| Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 5 | |
| Weight | 135g | 294g |
| Heat conductivity | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 18 degree | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 13 degree |
Embodiment 6
The aerogel products that embodiment 4 is obtained the by volume polystyrene resin of percentage ratio 30% and 40%, the phenolic aldehyde of 30%
After mixed with resin, compressing making thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, the thickness of plate determines according to actual needs.
Comparative example 6
By the polystyrene resin of percent by volume 70%, 30% phenolic resin mixing after, compressing make for building
Thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate, the size of plate is with embodiment 6.
Measuring weight and the heat conductivity of the warming plate of embodiment 6 and comparative example 6, the detection method of heat conductivity is:
In sealed environment, the environment being subzero 10 degree by the side cooling of warming plate, opposite side is the environment of room temperature 20 degree, places 2 little
Shi Hou, measures the temperature of warming plate opposite side room temperature, and result is as follows:
| Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 5 | |
| Weight | 119g | 276g |
| Heat conductivity | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 19 degree | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 14 degree |
Owing to the present invention have employed the aerogel products prepared by biology cellulose in thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate so that warming plate
Weight, density is greatly reduced, and has the most heat-resisting, insulating properties.
Embodiment described above is only to be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the not model to the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of designing spirit without departing from the present invention, this area ordinary skill technical staff skill to the present invention
Various deformation that art scheme is made and improvement, all should fall in the protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) biology cellulose is prepared；
(2) biology cellulose is dissolved in solvent, makes dispersion soln, described solvent be concentration be the sodium hydroxide water of 4-10%
Solution, concentration are the combination of one or more in the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution of 2-6% and ammonia that concentration is 30-40%；
(3) under being stirred continuously, in dispersion soln, add aqueous silicate solution react；
(4) gel solution after completion of the reaction prepares aeroge through supercritical drying；
(5) described aeroge and remaining adjuvant are mixed together, suppress, obtain described thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building after molding.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (1) prepares biology cellulose for using
The strain of fermenting and producing biology cellulose can inoculate fermentation medium carries out the membranaceous biology cellulose that static fermentation obtains
The granular biological cellulose gel that gel or dynamic fermentation obtain.
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described can the strain bag of fermenting and producing biology cellulose
Include acetic acid Pseudomonas (Acetobacter), Agrobacterium (Agrobacterium), rhizobium (Rhizobium) and eight fold ball
Pseudomonas (Sarcina).
Preparation method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described can the strain of fermenting and producing biology cellulose be
Gluconate pyracetobacillus.
5. according to the preparation method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: after described step (2) adds solvent,
Ultrasonic disperse 0.5-2 hour under the power condition of 200w-450w, prepares dispersion soln.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the concentration of aqueous silicate solution in described step (3)
For: 0.5-2.5mol/L；Add after silicate solutions insulation reaction 1 hour, regulation pH value to 6.0-at a temperature of 50-80
7.0；Insulation reaction is after 1 hour again, is washed with deionized termination reaction.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (4), supercritical drying is high temperature second
Alcohol supercritical drying or low-temperature carbon dioxide supercritical drying.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the described adjuvant in described step (5) includes poly-ammonia
Ester, polystyrene resin, phenolic resin or rock wool.
9. the thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building that the preparation method described in any one of claim 1-8 prepares.
10. contain the construction material of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building described in claim 9.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105369938B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2018-10-30 | 常州通越铝板幕墙制造有限公司 | integrated metal heat preservation curtain wall |
| CN108297518A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-07-20 | 安徽美沃门窗科技有限公司 | A kind of Energy Saving Windows |
| CN107574950B (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2019-05-31 | 深圳市金鑫华建筑工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the light composite wall that insulates against sound |
| CN108585927A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳中天精装股份有限公司 | A kind of nano-cellulose aerogel thermal insulation board and preparation method thereof |
| CN110724301A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-01-24 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Method for preparing cellulose-based aerogel in bidirectional gradient manner |
| CN113583429B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-10-14 | 山东世纪联合新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of polyurethane composite material for building |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| IL155922A0 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2003-12-23 | Aspen Aerogels Inc | Aerogel composite with fibrous batting |
| CN100365128C (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2008-01-30 | 李胜 | Method for preparing bacteria cellulose |
| CN100367925C (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2008-02-13 | 钟春燕 | Gel face pack prepared from bacteroidal cellulose |
| CN101671708B (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2012-05-09 | 华南理工大学 | Method for fermented-producing bacteria cellulose with pineapple peel juice by two-step method |
| CN102418390A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-04-18 | 洛阳市森浩工贸有限公司 | Pearlite thermal-insulating fireproof board for exterior wall of building |
| CN103203206B (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2016-08-03 | 山东嘉源检测技术有限公司 | Cellulose/titanium dioxide/silica aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN202787534U (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-03-13 | 蓝烟（北京）科技有限公司 | Hydrophobic silica aerogel heat insulation board |
| KR20140025882A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-05 | 서민덕 | Insulation board that contain aerogel and method of manufacturing the same |
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