CN103790248A - Method for preparing building thermal insulation heat-resisting board - Google Patents
Method for preparing building thermal insulation heat-resisting board Download PDFInfo
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- CN103790248A CN103790248A CN201410038424.7A CN201410038424A CN103790248A CN 103790248 A CN103790248 A CN 103790248A CN 201410038424 A CN201410038424 A CN 201410038424A CN 103790248 A CN103790248 A CN 103790248A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a thermal insulation heat-resisting board which is good in thermal insulation effect, low in self weight, fireproof and heat resistant. The method includes the following steps that (1) biological cellulose is prepared; (2) the biological cellulose is dissolved into solvent, so that a disperse solution is manufactured; (3) a silicate water solution is added into the disperse solution for reacting under the condition of continuous stirring; (4) supercritical drying is conducted on a gel solution after reacting, so that aerogel is manufactured; (5) the aerogel and the rest of auxiliary materials are mixed, pressed and formed together, and then the thermal insulation heat-resisting board is obtained. Due to the fact that an aerogel product which is made of biological cellulose is used in the thermal insulation heat-resisting board, so that the weight and the density of the thermal insulation board are greatly lowered, and better heat-resisting performance and insulation performance can be achieved.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to building material technical field, especially relate to a kind of preparation method of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building.
Background technology
It is easy-to-understand that heat insulation plate for building is said is exactly plank to building insulation use.Warming plate is the supplementary material and the poly-thing that contains that adds other take polystyrene resin as raw material, mix injecting catalyst simultaneously by heating, then extrusion molding extrusion molding and the rigid foam plate manufactured, there is protection against the tide, water resistance, can make to reduce building envelope thickness, thereby increase indoor usable floor area.
Its frequent species has:
XPS warming plate, the supplementary material that adds other take polystyrene resin as raw material containing thing, mixes while injecting catalyst by heating with poly-, then extrusion molding extrusion molding and the rigid foam plate manufactured.Its formal name used at school is extrusion molding polystyrene polyfoam for heat insulation (being called for short XPS), XPS has perfect closed honeycomb structure, and this structure allows XPS plate have extremely low water imbibition (water suction hardly), low thermal conductivity coefficient, high crushing resistance, ageing resistance (normally using almost without degradation and decomposition phenomenon).
Polyurethane thermal insulation board, polyurethane is adding after fire retardant, it is a kind of self-extinguishing of difficult combustion, its softening point can reach more than 250 degrees Celsius, only in the time of higher temperature, just there will be decomposition: in addition, polyurethane can form ash at its foam surface in the time of burning, and this layer of ash helps isolation foam below.Can effectively prevent fire spread.And polyurethane does not at high temperature produce pernicious gas yet.
Cement foaming insulation board, primary raw material is cement and flyash, by adding some batchings to make its foaming produce pore, thereby reaches heat insulation effect.
Expansion polyphenyl plate, full name polystyrene foam plate, this material is by the expandable polystyrene bead that contains volatile liquid blowing agent, the white solid with fine hole-closing structure of hot briquetting in mould after heating pre-sending out.Benzene plate is inflammable, high insulating effect, but easily water suction, and cause that weight increases distortion, and waterproof measure must be handled properly, otherwise can directly affect, to add fireproof performance application life low, complicated construction technique, need to add grid cloth.
Phenolic-aldehyde heat-insulation board, is made up of phenol formaldehyde foam, and phenol formaldehyde foam is a kind of novel low cigarette heat insulating material that do not fire, prevents fires, and it is the closed pore rigid foam that adds blowing agent, curing compound and other auxiliary agent to make by phenolic resins.
Rock cotton board, is take basalt and other natural crystal etc. as primary raw material, through high-temperature fusion fibroblast, adds appropriate cementing agent, solidifies processing and makes.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention be to provide a kind of high insulating effect, from heavy and light, can fireproofing and heat resistant the preparation method of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate.The thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate making according to the method has high insulating effect, from the technique effect such as heavy and light, flameproof effect be good.Can be for the exterior-wall heat insulation of all kinds of buildings and heat insulating inner wall.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A preparation method for thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare biology cellulose;
(2) biology cellulose is dissolved in solvent, makes dispersion soln;
(3) under constantly stirring, in dispersion soln, add aqueous silicate solution to react;
(4) gel solution after completion of the reaction makes aeroge through supercritical drying;
(5) by described aeroge and all the other auxiliary materials are mixed together, obtain described thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building after compacting, moulding.
Preparation method of the present invention, it is to adopt can the cellulosic bacterial classification of fermentation to produce biological to inoculate in fermentation medium, to carry out the granular biology cellulose gel that membranaceous biology cellulose gel that static fermentation obtains or dynamic fermentation obtain that wherein said step (1) is prepared biology cellulose.
Preparation method of the present invention, wherein saidly can comprise acetic acid Pseudomonas (Acetobacter), Agrobacterium (Agrobacterium), rhizobium (Rhizobium) and Sarcina (Sarcina) by the cellulosic bacterial classification of fermentation to produce biological, be preferably gluconate pyracetobacillus.The wherein fermenting and producing of biology cellulose, can be used any fermentation medium that growth and breeding condition can be provided for mentioned microorganism, preferably uses the fermentation medium that contains coconut water.
Preparation method of the present invention, in wherein said step (2) for the solvent that dissolves biology cellulose is: the combination of one or more of sodium hydrate aqueous solution, lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, ammoniacal liquor; The concentration of described sodium hydrate aqueous solution is 4-10%; The concentration of described lithium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2-6%; The concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is 30-40%.
Preparation method of the present invention, wherein said step adds after solvent in (2), and preferably ultrasonic dispersion 0.5-2 hour under the power condition of 200w-450w, makes dispersion soln.
Preparation method of the present invention, the concentration of wherein said step (3) mesosilicic acid saline solution is: 0.5-2.5mol/L; Add after silicate solutions at 50-80 temperature insulation reaction 1 hour, regulate pH value to 6.0-7.0; Insulation reaction is after 1 hour again, washs cessation reaction by deionized water.
Preparation method of the present invention, in wherein said step (4), supercritical drying is high temperature ethanol supercritical drying or low-temperature carbon dioxide supercritical drying.
Preparation method of the present invention, described auxiliary material in wherein said step (5) comprises polyurethane, polystyrene resin, phenolic resins or rock wool etc., briquetting process adopts known forming method in routine techniques, can in described aeroge, add above-mentioned auxiliary material by any proportion, the effect of thermal-insulation heat-resistant can suitably increase the shared proportion of described aeroge as required.
Preparation method of the present invention, uses the main material of this new material of biology cellulose as thermal-insulation heat-resistant innovatively.Biology cellulose (Biocellulose), the bacteria cellulose that is otherwise known as (Bacterial cellulose, BC), it is the microorganism by acetic acid Pseudomonas, the cellulose products of making as fermentations such as acetobacter xylinums.Mainly with discarded object, if coconut water, pineapple peel juice etc. are as raw material, therefore it is with low cost at present.In the product obtaining, contain up to more than 95% moisture, biology cellulose gel is therefore otherwise known as.The preparation method of biology cellulose gel is known in the art, as disclosed in all having in CN101671708, CN1840677A, CN101319242A.Biology cellulose without association products such as lignin, pectin and hemicelluloses, has high-crystallinity (can reach 95%, plant cellulose be 65%) and the high degree of polymerization (DP value 2 000～8 000) compared with plant cellulose; It has hyperfine net structure, and biological fiber cellulose fiber is to be combined into the thick fiber bundle of 40～60 nanometers by the fento of diameter 3～4 nanometers, and is intertwined to form flourishing hyperfine network structure; Its modulus of elasticity is more than the several times to ten times of general string, and tensile strength is high; Biological fiber have very strong moisture holding capacity, has higher biocompatibility, compliance and good biodegradability simultaneously.The existing product of biology cellulose gel is mainly used in food, cosmetics, as for making jelly, Yoghourt, increases the absorption of dietary fiber; Or for making the carrier of mask product; These products character requirement to biology cellulose in manufacturing process is higher, generally all will, through cutting, now can produce a lot of cutting wastes, leftover pieces, passes into disuse under normal circumstances.
The present invention preferably uses biology cellulose to add the discarded object in man-hour, and the discarded leftover pieces as made jelly or facial mask time after cutting, or the bad discarded object of film forming proterties etc. in sweat, not only can reduce costs, and processing waste secondary can also be utilized.The biology cellulose that harsh product obtains is the product of gelling properties, and fiber crystallization degree is high, but has high retentiveness and high resiliency, cannot directly use it for the preparation of constructional materials.Inventor's research is dissolved in after basic solvent, can break hydrogen bond structures a large amount of in biology cellulose molecular structure, reduce the cellulosic crystallization degree of natural biological, chelating silica again, hydrones a large amount of make molecular structure under supercritical drying condition in are overflowed, and gassy molecule forms that ultra lightweight, density are low, poor heat conductivity, good insulating, silica-type aeroge product that heat-resisting effect is good.Again by described aeroge product with after routine techniques is compressing, obtain thermal-insulation heat-resistant panel products for building auxiliary materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene resin, phenolic resins or rock wool.Can suitably adjust the shared ratio of described aeroge according to the needs of heat insulation effect, ratio is higher, conduct oneself with dignity lighter, and heat insulation effect is better.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment and contrast experiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but specific implementation method hereinafter is not appreciated that limitation of the present invention.Various changes and variation that those of ordinary skills can make apparently on basis of the present invention, should be all within the scope of the present invention.
One, the production of biology cellulose
Embodiment 1
Using coconut water as culture medium, inoculation is through the gluconate pyracetobacillus of overactivation, and inoculum concentration is tray static fermentation 7 days at 8%, 28 ℃ of culture medium weight, obtains biology cellulose film in media surface, and thickness is 15mm.Be cut into after the mask product of suitable shape, remaining corner fritter gel products is for subsequent use.
Embodiment 2
Water with glucose 3wt%, sucrose 2wt%, yeast extract 1wt%, peptone 0.5wt%, sodium hydrogen phosphate 0.2wt%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.1wt%, magnesium sulfate 0.1wt%, agar 2wt% and 91.1wt% is mixed with culture medium, inoculation is through the acetobacter xylinum of overactivation, inoculum concentration is 10% of culture medium weight, at 26 ℃ in shaking flask or other containers dynamic fermentation 5 days, in culture medium, obtain spherical biology cellulose gel particle.
Two, prepare aeroge
Embodiment 3
The corner fritter gel products that embodiment 1 is obtained is dissolved in 6% sodium hydrate aqueous solution, and continuous stirring, and ultrasonic dispersion 1 hour under the power condition of 300w, make dispersion soln.Continue to stir, add after the silicate solutions of 2.5mol/L at 50-80 temperature insulation reaction 1 hour, regulate pH value to 6.0-7.0; Insulation reaction is after 1 hour again, washs cessation reaction by deionized water.By chelating the gel solution of silica make aeroge product through high temperature ethanol supercritical drying.
Embodiment 4
The biology cellulose gel particle that embodiment 2 is obtained is dissolved in the mixed solution of lithium hydroxide aqueous solution of 4% sodium hydrate aqueous solution and 2%, and continuous stirring, and ultrasonic dispersion 1.5 hours under the power condition of 200w, make dispersion soln.Continue to stir, add after the silicate solutions of 1.5mol/L at 50-80 temperature insulation reaction 1.5 hours, regulate pH value to 6.0-7.0; Insulation reaction is after 1 hour again, washs cessation reaction by deionized water.By chelating the gel solution of silica make aeroge product through low-temperature carbon dioxide supercritical drying.
Three, prepare thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building
Embodiment 5
The aeroge that embodiment 3 is obtained is after by volume percentage 20% and 30% polyurethane, 50% rock wool mix, and compressingly makes thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, and the thickness of plate is determined according to actual needs.
Comparative example 5
After the polyurethane of percent by volume 50%, 50% rock wool are mixed, compressingly make thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, the size of plate is with embodiment 5.
Measure weight and the thermal conductivity of embodiment 5 and comparative example's 5 warming plate, the detection method of thermal conductivity is: in sealed environment, the environment that is subzero 10 degree by a side cooling of warming plate, opposite side is the environment that room temperature 20 is spent, place after 2 hours, the temperature of measuring warming plate opposite side room temperature, result is as follows:
| ? | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 5 |
| Weight | 135g | 294g |
| Thermal conductivity | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 18 degree | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 13 degree |
Embodiment 6
The aeroge product that embodiment 4 is obtained is after by volume percentage 30% and 40% polystyrene resin, 30% phenolic resins mix, and compressingly makes thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, and the thickness of plate is determined according to actual needs.
Comparative example 6
After the polystyrene resin of percent by volume 70%, 30% phenolic resins are mixed, compressingly make thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, the size of plate is with embodiment 6.
Measure weight and the thermal conductivity of embodiment 6 and comparative example's 6 warming plate, the detection method of thermal conductivity is: in sealed environment, the environment that is subzero 10 degree by a side cooling of warming plate, opposite side is the environment that room temperature 20 is spent, place after 2 hours, the temperature of measuring warming plate opposite side room temperature, result is as follows:
| ? | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 5 |
| Weight | 119g | 276g |
| Thermal conductivity | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 19 degree | The temperature of opposite side room temperature is 14 degree |
Because the present invention has adopted the aeroge product of being prepared by biology cellulose in thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate, the weight of warming plate, density are greatly reduced, and there is better heat-resisting, insulating properties.
Above-described embodiment is described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not departing from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that the common engineers and technicians in this area make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) prepare biology cellulose;
(2) biology cellulose is dissolved in solvent, makes dispersion soln;
(3) under constantly stirring, in dispersion soln, add aqueous silicate solution to react;
(4) gel solution after completion of the reaction makes aeroge through supercritical drying;
(5) by described aeroge and all the other auxiliary materials are mixed together, obtain described thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building after compacting, moulding.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is to adopt can the cellulosic bacterial classification of fermentation to produce biological to inoculate in fermentation medium, to carry out the granular biology cellulose gel that membranaceous biology cellulose gel that static fermentation obtains or dynamic fermentation obtain that described step (1) is prepared biology cellulose.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: describedly can comprise acetic acid Pseudomonas (Acetobacter), Agrobacterium (Agrobacterium), rhizobium (Rhizobium) and Sarcina (Sarcina) by the cellulosic bacterial classification of fermentation to produce biological, be preferably gluconate pyracetobacillus.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), for the solvent that dissolves biology cellulose be: the combination of one or more of sodium hydrate aqueous solution, lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, ammoniacal liquor; The concentration of described sodium hydrate aqueous solution is 4-10%; The concentration of described lithium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2-6%; The concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is 30-40%.
5. according to the preparation method described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: described step adds after solvent in (2), under the power condition of 200w-450w, ultrasonic dispersion 0.5-2 hour, makes dispersion soln.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration of described step (3) mesosilicic acid saline solution is: 0.5-2.5mol/L; Add after silicate solutions at 50-80 temperature insulation reaction 1 hour, regulate pH value to 6.0-7.0; Insulation reaction is after 1 hour again, washs cessation reaction by deionized water.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), supercritical drying is high temperature ethanol supercritical drying or low-temperature carbon dioxide supercritical drying.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described auxiliary material in described step (5) comprises polyurethane, polystyrene resin, phenolic resins or rock wool.
9. the thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building that the preparation method described in claim 1-8 any one prepares.
10. contain the constructional materials of thermal-insulation heat-resistant plate for building claimed in claim 9.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105369938A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-03-02 | 常州通越铝板幕墙制造有限公司 | Integrated metal thermal insulation curtain wall |
| CN107574950A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-12 | 常州金艺广告传媒有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the light composite wall that insulates against sound |
| CN108297518A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-07-20 | 安徽美沃门窗科技有限公司 | A kind of Energy Saving Windows |
| CN108585927A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳中天精装股份有限公司 | A kind of nano-cellulose aerogel thermal insulation board and preparation method thereof |
| CN110724301A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-01-24 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Method for preparing cellulose-based aerogel in bidirectional gradient manner |
| CN113583429A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-02 | 杭州砥砺新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of polyurethane composite material for building |
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| CN113583429A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-02 | 杭州砥砺新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of polyurethane composite material for building |
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| CN103790248B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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