CN103790116B - A kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system - Google Patents
A kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103790116B CN103790116B CN201310441445.9A CN201310441445A CN103790116B CN 103790116 B CN103790116 B CN 103790116B CN 201310441445 A CN201310441445 A CN 201310441445A CN 103790116 B CN103790116 B CN 103790116B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- highway
- amphibian animal
- animal
- channel system
- amphibian
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system; comprise the position determining highway amphibian animal channel system; arrange amphibian animal migrate induction habitat as miniature pool group, migrate corridor; amphibian animal is set and migrates the structure and warning mark that corridor protection facility easily passes in and out as C type structure, amphibian animal, evaluate the effect of highway amphibian animal channel system.The present invention can realize water guide and the comprehensive function of two aspects of passing through for amphibian animal simultaneously, and does not interfere with each other, and can also meet part reptiles, little medium-sized mammiferous current needs simultaneously.Not only can be used for the highway amphibian animal channel system optimization of reorganization and expansion highway, also can instruct the setting of the highway amphibian animal channel system of new highway.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the amphibian animal passage in animal protection field, particularly relate to and a kind ofly draining can be beneficial to again the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system that amphibian animal passes through simultaneously
Background technology
Amphibian animal mostly has at wintering ground, carries out the feature that seasonality migrates between breeding spot and habitat.As Changbaishan area northeastward, amphibian animal to be come out of hibernation and to leave river or wintering ground enters breeding spot spring, breed habitat, pond or the inner product pond, near Highway forest land on open, the sun-drenched highway limit of more options, ground of laying eggs, breeding terminates rear a large amount of adult or the abnormal young will leave pool, enters the life habitat, land in forest land; Enter autumn amphibian animal from the life habitat, land in forest land again return wintering ground.Whole process have spring and autumn two concentrated migration courses.
It is destroy water body and animal reproduction place that the impact of the amphibian animal that highway causes is mainly reflected in one.Conventional road construction is owing to getting the construction operations such as spoir and having buried a lot of middle-size and small-size water body in subgrade construction, territory, road, and these water bodys are the breeding place of amphibian animal mostly, therefore need again create when highway amphibian animal channel setting and improve; In addition, construction period plant equipment greasy dirt spills also to cause neighbouring water body with dust diffusion etc. and pollutes in various degree, is unfavorable for that amphibian animal is survived.
Two is destroy land-life area.Current culvert or bridge bottom and periphery disturb due to construction of the highway, often ground vegetation coverage scale is low, antecedent soil moisture is barren, amphibian animal is caused to be difficult to close to and to utilize, need to improve territory, road amphibian animal habitat quality when highway animal corridor designs, design induction/hidden facility, make habitat " livable " near territory, road culvert, bridge as far as possible, recover the original habitat of amphibian animal before highway construction as far as possible.
Three is destroy to migrate gallery.Migrate on passage even if existing culvert and bridge are positioned at amphibian animal, owing to lacking facility of blocking/protection facility, amphibian animal still directly passes through from road surface, and can not pass through from bridge and culvert, thus result in the phenomenon of the lethal amphibian animal of a large amount of vehicles, therefore amphibian animal to be set and migrate gallery protection facility to ensure amphibian animal smoothly from bridge and culvert highway crossing, existing culvert access often adopts drop well to design, especially in the mountain area that landform is limited, this is extremely unfavorable for passing through of amphibian animal, thus becomes " death-trap " of amphibian animal, needs to consider when culvert entrance design the portal design scheme that amphibian animal easily passes in and out, the section of amphibian animal breeding farm and habitat is distributed with in territory, road, highway operation vehicle noise and tail gas pollution also can impact amphibian animal breeding farm and habitat, territory, road, amphibian animal mainly relies on song to exchange, and the interchange of noise meeting severe jamming amphibian animal, amphibian animal is caused to avoid highway, according to some batrachia breeding farm of foreign study away from highway region, even outside 1km, therefore the noise reducing breeding farm periphery when highway operation is needed, personnel disturb, lack amphibian animal sign board in current domestic Road Design to arrange, need to supplement in future transportation engineering design.
At present, amphibian animal channel setting position does not have systematic method to set up to instruct.Consider from draining angle as existing highway bridge and culvert setting position are often simple, do not mate with amphibian animal highway crossing position, because amphibian animal is slow in action, enormous amount, volume are small, easily ignored by driver, this causes amphibian animal lethal in a large number, therefore needs to adopt when Road Design can meet bridge and the culvert design scheme that drain function can meet again amphibian animal highway crossing under amphibian animal animal corridor Operation system setting guide for method.
Moreover current amphibian animal utilizes bridges and culverts effect to lack and evaluates.Though the highway culvert/bridge commonly used can meet row lead water flow requirements, also can utilize for some animal traffic, but utilization rate is doubtful, especially meiofauna as enormous amount, slow in action, existing highway culvert can be utilized to maintaining the amphibian animal that plays an important role of ecosystem balance we are unknown.
In view of the demand that above-mentioned existing discharge culvert is arranged with bridge and amphibian animal is current is not extremely mated, through constantly research, to founding a kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system, the transformation of existing bridge/culvert can be instructed or apply in the newly-built bridge/culvert of highway, making it have more the feature of environmental protection and practicable design.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to; a kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system is proposed; solve amphibian animal highway crossing problem; technical problem to be solved be the amphibian animal channel system that construction is become can meet row lead converge current, amphibian animal can be induced to utilize again; and it can also be protected to walk safety, thus reach ecological benefits the best.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems adopts following technical scheme to realize.
Step 1: the setting position determining highway amphibian animal channel system
For reorganization and expansion highway, by the monitoring of at least one year, the higher section of identification amphibian animal fatal rate; (see Figure 1A) or
For new highway, by means of GIS means, identify in the certain limit of territory, route road, the spatial relationship of breeding farm and permanent water body, habitat and Forest and sod, wintering ground and streams, stream and highway geometry is determined according to the scope of activities of target species, in conjunction with field investigation, filter out the emphasis position (see Figure 1B) of highway amphibian animal channel system.
Step 2: amphibian animal is set and migrates induction habitat
Due to highway construction interference surface mainly occur in expropriation of land circle within the scope of, therefore amphibian animal migrate induction habitat mainly lay within the scope of this, follow following steps:
Step 21: miniature pool group is set
Transformation mima type microrelief, collects pavement runoff, builds amphibian animal breeding farm.Centered by bridge/culvert, to the small pool group of the bead-chain type that external radiation arranges different area, the degree of depth is about 30-60cm, bottom the group of pool, adopt seepage prevention design, between the group of pool, adopt grass planting gutter to link (see Fig. 2).
Step 22: arrange and migrate corridor
Amphibian animal migrates induction design.Fill with grass along the plantation of group limit, pool, put withered branch and random block stone be linear extension, formation animal is hidden, habitat, play " steppingstone " and act on (see Fig. 2).These steppingstones extend always and through bridge/culvert is inner until the other side of highway.Keep migrating corridor moistening.
In bridge/culvert bottom analog physical relief, keep moistening.Bottom bridge/culvert, arrange soil property substrate, simulating nature with good conditionsi arranges water channel as far as possible, continues to put withered branch and random block stone and forms that animal is hidden, habitat, play " steppingstone " effect, keep migrating corridor moistening along water channel.
Step 3: amphibian animal is set and migrates corridor protection facility
Amphibian animal along migrate induction habitat move time, need to overcome three kinds of barriers, one is avoid directly climbing up road surface and crossing highway from road surface, and two is smoothly from bridges and culverts highway crossing, and three is protect to migrate corridor not by the artificial disturbance such as noise, light.Follow following steps for this reason:
Step 31: hidden-type C shape structure is set
Be that funnel-form is laid along bridge/culvert, extend certain distance toward both sides of highway, extended distance is according to amphibian animal locomotivity, life habit and the habitat distribution that will protect, ground wetland distribution and determining; Structure employing precast construction, can be water guide bottom structure and animal traffic is used; This C shape structure termination is to perpendicular to lateral bend outside highway direction, and top adopts elbow to cover, and sidewall makes smooth form, prevents amphibian animal from climbing; C shape structure stops that amphibian animal side keeps the smooth and easy of amphibian animal mobile alignment, and prevent amphibian animal from passing through ground micro-terrain, vegetation climbing is crossed C shape structure thus enters highway (see Fig. 2 and 3)
Step 32: the structure that amphibian animal easily passes in and out is set
Bridge/culvert access and around ground be arranged to the structure that amphibian animal easily passes in and out.By slowing down bridge/culvert inwall drop well side slope, grade of side slope is less than 45 degree, or adopt in drop well the laid one-tenth of fragment of brick stepped or spiral helicine ladder step, or lay wood heap, clitter, pavement top with migrate corridor and be connected (see Fig. 2,4A and B).
Step 33: horn-blowing control and reduce-speed sign board are set
Before and after highway amphibian animal channel system, section arranges prompting warning sign board, and prompting driver and conductor and road user do not destroy this system and reduce various interference as far as possible, comprises noise, rubbish grade and determining.Distance is set according to highway etc., sign board marks: horn-blowing control, forbid arbitrarily throwing away rubbish, slow down.
Step 4: the effect evaluating highway amphibian animal channel system
After highway amphibian animal channel system is provided with, by least one year continue to monitor, evaluate the effect that amphibian animal utilizes this passage, to continue to optimize and to improve the plan of establishment of channel system.
Aforesaid a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system method to set up, for reorganization and expansion highway, the monitoring in the lethal higher section of identification amphibian animal is at least 1 year, and the longer the better the time, amphibian animal migrates the special time period being typically chosen in spring and autumn on a large scale, will arrange monitoring scheme in conjunction with territory, road dominant species life habit and the time of migrating.Differentiate according to protection level in lethal amphibian animal kind, the lethal section that the higher quantity of protection level is larger is more responsive, and this section is the emphasis section that amphibian animal channel system is built.
For new highway, by means of GIS means, identify the section having permanent water body in the certain limit of territory, route road, and in conjunction with the distribution of vegetation, landform, judge the cross street of the movable route of amphibian animal and identitypath position, investigate at the scene auxiliary under, screening emphasis section is as the emphasis position arranging amphibian animal channel system.
It is arrange according to field condition that amphibian animal migrates the setting of induction habitat, pool size can be determined according to catchment area, the region that catchment area is large, there is larger space in territory, road, the miniature pool group of bead-chain type taking hand digging area not wait, adopts seepage prevention design bottom this miniature pool group; Catchment area is little, does not have the mountain area execavated rockmass in space, can design miniature pool group in conjunction with soil property gutter, and specific practice deepens soil property gutter every 50-100 rice, and digging the degree of depth is 30-60cm, adopts grass planting gutter to connect between pool;
Fill with grass along the plantation of group limit, miniature pool, put withered branch and random block stone and form that animal is hidden, habitat, play " steppingstone " and act on, these steppingstones are arranged as far as possible continuously, and through bridge/culvert inside extends to the other side of highway.
Bridge/culvert bottom analog nature, arranges soil property substrate as far as possible, arranges artificial draw, and edge is put withered branch and formed with random block stone that animal is hidden, habitat, and play " steppingstone " effect, maintenance culvert inside is moistening, induces amphibian animal to pass through smoothly.
Arrange hidden-type C shape structure along bridge/culvert, lay in funnel-form, extend certain distance toward both sides of highway, extended distance is according to protecting amphibian animal locomotivity, life habit and habitat distribution, ground wetland distribution and determining; C shape structure height is arranged will be determined, generally at 50-80cm according to protection amphibian animal habit; C shape structure termination is to perpendicular to lateral bend outside highway direction, and top adopts elbow to cover, and sidewall makes smooth form, prevents amphibian animal from climbing; C shape structure stops that amphibian animal side will prevent topographic prominence, vegetation growth from causing amphibian animal climbing and cross the phenomenon that structure enters pavement of road.The materials such as this C shape structure Material selec-tion precast concrete plank, glass, plastics, metal.
The structure that amphibian animal easily passes in and out is arranged on bridge/culvert access and surrounding ground, by adopting in drop well, fragment of brick is stepped along the laid one-tenth of the borehole wall, the ladder of spiral escalation walks or chute, pavement top with migrate trail and be connected, or plant plank, withered trunk, clitter, shaggy concrete slab in drop well introversion oblique, and with migrate trail and be connected, or directly drop well side slope is slowed down, generally lower than 45 degree better, with around ground natural sparse model.
To amphibian animal channel system location recognition out after, screen further in conjunction with existing highway design schemes of route index again, namely the exact position of the further selected highway amphibian animal channel system in position of the highway facilities of animal traffic is beneficial in conjunction with the bridge/culvert etc. of highway, bridge/the culvert of existing highway overlaps with animal corridor position system and namely needs to be rectified and improved, improved and complete design; There is no bridge and culvert scheme in highway amphibian animal channel system position, highway amphibian animal channel system should be increased, thus be applicable to the betterment works of existing highway.
After the construction of highway amphibian animal channel system completes, infrared camera monitoring method, trap is adopted to catch or local observation, by the monitoring of at least one year, the indexs such as comparative analysis amphibian animal kind and quantity, the utilizing status of scientific evaluation highway amphibian animal channel system.
The present invention compared with prior art has obvious advantage and beneficial effect.By technique scheme, the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention has following advantages:
1, the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, by the investigation and monitoring of Highways ' amphibian animal fatal rate, distribute in conjunction with highway landform and territory, road water body, pass that the position, selector channel such as vegetation spatial relationship auxiliary field investigation differentiates amphibian animal, more scientific and reasonable compared with the selection of conventional animal channel setting position.
2, the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, build the miniature pool group of bead-chain type compared with conventional animal passage or the increase of bridge culvert and perch habitat as induction, seepage prevention design is adopted bottom miniature pool group, the various facility utilized for it is set in habitat, between miniature pool group, arrange turf gutter connect, grass is filled with along the plantation of group limit, pool, put withered branch and random block stone and form that animal is hidden, habitat, play " steppingstone " effect, induced animal utilizes.
3. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, the substrate of simulating nature has been built compared with conventional animal passage or bridge/culvert increase, and artificial draw is set, edge is put withered branch and random block stone and is formed that animal is hidden, habitat, play " steppingstone " effect, keep bridge/culvert inside moistening, induction amphibian animal passes through smoothly.
4, the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, C shape structure is have employed by migrating on gallery, top overturns outside highway, top curved shape is conducive to shading and covers the moon and prevent natural enemy from finding, also can be used as thing of blocking and take precautions against amphibian animal climbing, avoiding amphibian animal directly to go up highway causes lethal, adds hidden and barrier propterty compared with conventional animal passage.
5. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, by the construction in all living creatures border, bead-chain type miniature pool, fully surface drainage can be built with trackside wetland and combine, thus also help the object of highway subgrade safety and stability and raising landscape effect.
6. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, except meeting amphibian animal and passing through, part reptiles, Small Mammals also can carry out current utilization.
7, the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, by carrying out improvement and design to the vertical drop well access of traditional bridge/culvert, the modification scheme of the construction of passage with bridge culvert is combined, thus reducing direct construction cost, the culvert/bridge comparatively commonly used adds current row and leads and synchronously utilize function with amphibian animal.
8. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention's proposition, by continuing to monitor after the highway amphibian animal channel system setting to setting, the traffic efficiency of Scientific evaluation animal corridor system, continues to optimize well designed scheme.
In sum, the highway amphibian animal channel system method to set up that the present invention proposes, profitable on ecology.There is above-mentioned plurality of advantages and practical value.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical scheme of the present invention, in order to the technological means of patent of the present invention can be better understood, also can be implemented according to the content of manual, and can become apparent for allowing above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage, below especially exemplified by preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing, be described in detail as follows.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A is the highway amphibian animal channel system position selection figure of the present invention for reorganization and expansion highway;
Figure 1B is the highway amphibian animal channel system position selection figure of the present invention for new highway;
Fig. 2 is highway amphibian animal channel system plan view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is highway amphibian animal channel system C type structure sectional drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 A is that highway amphibian animal channel system of the present invention slows down drop well side slope schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 B is the drop well side slope schematic diagram of highway amphibian animal channel system notch cuttype of the present invention;
Tu5Shi highway amphibian animal channel system setting steps;
Fig. 6 is the lethal spatial distribution map of ring Changbai Mountain tourist road amphibian animal;
Wherein:
A ~ b, c ~ d: be suitable for building channel position e-drop well and slow down the domatic gradient;
1: amphibian animal fatal rate height section 2: highway
3: breeding farm 4: habitat
5: wintering ground 6: amphibian animal mobile alignment
7: miniature pool group 8: soil property/turf gutter
9: steppingstone 10:C type structure
11: bridge/culvert 12: ground
13: ladder
Detailed description of the invention
For further setting forth the present invention for the technological means reaching predetermined goal of the invention and take and effect, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to its detailed description of the invention of method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal animal corridor system proposed according to the present invention, structure, feature and effect thereof, be described in detail as follows.
Embodiment 1
The step of the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the existing highway bridge passed through based on amphibian animal and culvert transformation is as follows:
Step 1 determines highway amphibian animal channel system setting position
As shown in Figure 1A, probe is carried out to the amphibian animal during current highway operation is lethal, control time is at least 1 year, identify amphibian animal lethal kind, quantity, position, using the emphasis section that lethal kind and the maximum section 1 of quantity are arranged as highway amphibian animal channel system.Through above-mentioned investigation, in Figure 1A, a-b section and c-d section build channel position for being suitable for, and 1 is amphibian animal fatal rate height section, and 2 is highway.
To amphibian animal channel system location recognition out after, screen further in conjunction with existing highway design schemes of route index again, namely the exact position of the further selected highway amphibian animal channel system in position of the highway facilities of animal traffic is beneficial in conjunction with the bridge/culvert 11 etc. of highway, bridge/the culvert 11 of existing highway overlaps with animal corridor position system and namely needs to be rectified and improved, improved and complete design; There is no bridge and culvert 11 scheme in highway amphibian animal channel system position, highway amphibian animal channel system should be increased, thus be applicable to the betterment works of existing highway.
Step 2 arranges amphibian animal induction habitat
Due to highway construction interference surface mainly occur in expropriation of land circle within the scope of, therefore amphibian animal migrate induction habitat mainly lay within the scope of this, its step is as follows:
Step 21 arranges miniature pool group
As shown in Figure 2, according to the habit of target species, transformation mima type microrelief, collects pavement runoff, builds amphibian animal breeding farm, existing or plan to build bridge/culvert 11 place, centered by it, outwards radial the miniature pool group 7 of funnel-form bead-chain type is set, bottom this miniature pool group 7, adopts seepage prevention design, this miniature pool group 7 area can utilize size to determine flexibly according to reality, and the degree of depth is between 30 ~ 60cm; In the execavated rockmass side, mountain area not having space, and design miniature pool group 7 in conjunction with soil property gutter, deepen soil property gutter every 50-100m, the degree of depth is 30-60cm; Connect with saucer type soil property/turf gutter 8 between this miniature pool group 7.
Step 22 arranges and migrates corridor
Put branch along miniature pool group 7 limit, riprap and plantation small shrub herbaceous plant are set form animal is hidden, habitat becomes amphibian animal steppingstone 9 induce amphibian animal to pass through and hidden, these steppingstones 9 are arranged as far as possible continuously, and extend always and through bridge/culvert 11 inside in its both sides symmetrically or mal-distribution, until the other side of highway, keep migrating corridor moistening.
Bridge/culvert 11 bottom analog physical relief, bottom bridge/culvert 11, lay soil property substrate, the small-sized river course of hand digging, limit, river course is put branch, is arranged riprap, plantation small shrub draft passes through to induce amphibian animal, keeps the moisture state of bridge/culvert 11 bottom.
Step 3 arranges amphibian animal and migrates corridor protection facility
Amphibian animal along migrate induction habitat move time, need to overcome three kinds of barriers, one is avoid directly climbing up road surface and crossing highway from road surface, and two is smoothly from bridges and culverts highway crossing, three is migrate corridor not by the artificial disturbance such as vehicle noise, light, follows following steps for this reason:
Step 31 arranges C shape structure
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, lay in funnel-form along existing bridge/culvert 11 toward highway 2 both sides simultaneously and extend the C shape structure 10 of certain distance toward both sides, extended distance is according to protecting amphibian animal species locomotivity, life habit and habitat distribution, ground wetland distribution and determining; The hidden-type C shape structure 10 arranged adopts precast construction, and material can be concrete, glass, plastics etc., and height is determined, generally between 50cm-80cm according to protection species; This C shape structure 10 termination is to perpendicular to lateral bend outside highway direction, this C shape structure 10 sidewall surfaces is smooth, stop that amphibian animal side and vegetation keep certain distance, enter highway after preventing amphibian animal climbing from crossing, keep the smooth and easy of amphibian animal mobile alignment.
Step 32 arranges the structure that amphibian animal easily passes in and out
As shown in Figure 4 A and 4 B shown in FIG., bridge/culvert 11 access and around ground be arranged to the structure that amphibian animal easily passes in and out, side slope slows down to being no more than 45 degree; Do not slowing down condition part, as drop well inwall can adopt that fragment of brick is stepped along the laid one-tenth of the borehole wall, the ladder of spiral escalation or chute 13, also can plant plank, withered trunk, clitter, shaggy concrete slab in this drop well introversion oblique, pavement top is connected naturally with surrounding ground.Wherein 12 in Fig. 4 A is ground, and the e in Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B is that drop well slows down the domatic gradient.
Step 33 arranges horn-blowing control and reduce-speed sign board
Before and after amphibian animal channel system, section arranges horn-blowing control and reduce-speed sign board, arranges distance and determines according to road quality classification.Sign board marks: horn-blowing control or deceleration, prompting driver and conductor and road user do not destroy this system and reduce various interference as far as possible, comprise noise, light, rubbish etc.
The effect assessment of step 4 highway amphibian animal channel system
After the construction of highway amphibian animal channel system completes, infrared camera monitoring method, trap is adopted to catch or local observation, by the monitoring of at least one year, the indexs such as comparative analysis amphibian animal kind and quantity, the utilizing status of scientific evaluation highway amphibian animal channel system.The monitoring of described at least one year adopts infrared camera monitoring method, trap to catch or local observation, by the comparative analysis to indexs such as amphibian animal kind and quantity, evaluates the utilizing status of highway amphibian animal channel system.
The above embodiment of the present invention 1 is for the tourist road engineering maintenance of ring Changbai Mountain and improve in construction, estimates that ecological resource protection achieves noticeable achievement.
The transformation of the highway amphibian animal channel system of ring Changbai Mountain tourist road
Ring Changbai Mountain tourist road (Erdaobaihe River is to unrestrained river section) route total length 84.132 kilometers, for connecting north, Changbai Mountain, west, Nan Sanpo tourist road the most easily.Highway adopts Class II highway standard, designed driving speed 60km/h, width of subgrade 10m.This road is open to traffic in October, 2009.
From K10-K20; highway is substantially parallel with the slubbing Baihe; distance is about 0m ~ 2km; according to the monitoring (as shown in Figure 6) to ring Changbai Mountain tourist road amphibian animal fatal rate; from in April, 2009 to the statistics in October, 2011; the lethal quantity of K15-K18 is significantly more than other sections; quantity as lethal in K16 is 471; kind is 5 kinds; on road surface, Rana temporaria chensinensis, bufo, Bombina orientalis and extremely northern salamander are generally lethal, and these lethal species are all listed in " the terrestrial wildlife register that is useful or that have Important Economic, scientific research value of state guarantee ".In addition, migrate because amphibian animal needs seasonality to travel to and fro between river and forest land, highway is vertical with migration routes, considerably increases the vehicle fatal rate that amphibian animal highway crossing causes.
Respectively there is place's culvert at K16+480, K16+700 place, in conjunction with on-the-spot culvert facilities, proposes and sets up at this two place the suggestion that animal induces habitat, animal migrates the safeguard measure in corridor.Projected animal fatal rate can significantly reduce.Specific as follows:
Amphibian animal is set and migrates induction habitat: transformation trackside mima type microrelief, makes ground rise and fall gently as far as possible, be beneficial to amphibian animal and creep; Centered by existing two place's culverts, do not wait to both sides according to catchment area excavated area, the degree of depth is the miniature pool group 7 of 30-60cm; Adopt grass planting gutter to connect between this miniature pool group 7, bottom adopts seepage prevention design, and the miniature design of pool group 7 limit branch, riprap and plantation small shrub are to induce amphibian animal current and hidden; And be that infundibulate converges to direction, culvert access.Lay soil property ground bottom culvert, at middle part hand digging water channel, put branch, riprap and plantation draft along water channel both sides and pass through to induce amphibian animal.
The protection facility that amphibian animal migrates corridor is set: intend setting up both sides segregator barriers and guide amphibian animal safety culvert, consider Rana temporaria chensinensis, bufo, Bombina orientalis and extremely the amphibian animal operating range such as northern salamander is limited, segregator barriers expanded range is from K16+000 ~ K17+000, lay in funnel-form, consider the skip capability of amphibian animal, adopt high 50cm, wide 30cm precast concrete C shape structure 10; C shape structure 10 stops that amphibian animal side keeps spacious, prevents amphibian animal climbing mima type microrelief and vegetation from entering road surface to cross structure; Culvert access grade of side slope is no more than 45 degree, bottom culvert with migrate gallery along connecing; Consider this road speed limit 60km/h, intend arranging horn-blowing control sign board at K15 and K18 place, prompting driver and passing visitor successfully utilize highway amphibian animal channel system through this section horn-blowing control, deceleration and attention protection amphibian animal safety.
Before and after contrast highway amphibian animal channel system is arranged (2010 and 2012), between the 4-9 months in 2010,6 investigation find have Rana temporaria chensinensis, east sandfly toad, bufo gargarizans Cantor from the lethal kind in K16+000-K17+000 road surface, have 151, average out to 25/kilometer; And between the 4-9 month in 2012,11 investigation find that lethal kind is still these three kinds, but quantity only has 46, is on average only 4/kilometer.Therefore, highway amphibian animal channel system successful, most of amphibian animal by channel system highway crossing, instead of passes through the direct highway crossing in road surface.
Embodiment 2
The method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system of the new highway passed through based on amphibian animal, step is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1B, the determination of amphibian animal channel setting position: select target species, by means of GIS, by the analysis of the spatial relationship in new highway center line and breeding spot, both sides 3 i.e. permanent water body, habitat 4 i.e. Forest and sod, wintering ground 5 i.e. streams, stream, in conjunction with field investigation, filter out the emphasis position of highway amphibian animal channel system.As shown in Figure 1B, breeding farm 3 and habitat 4, wintering ground 5 are respectively at both sides of highway, and amphibian animal mobile alignment 6 is shown in shown in Figure 1B.
The setting in amphibian animal induction habitat: with embodiment 1;
Amphibian animal migrates the safeguard measure in corridor: with embodiment 1;
The effect assessment of highway amphibian animal channel system: with embodiment 1.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, make a little change when the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement can be utilized or be modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, in every case be the content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to any simple modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a highway amphibian animal channel system method to set up, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: the setting position determining highway amphibian animal channel system
For reorganization and expansion highway, by the monitoring of at least one year, attach most importance to section in the higher section of identification amphibian animal fatal rate; Or
For new highway, by means of GIS means, according to the spatial relationship of breeding farm in territory, the scope of activities identification road certain limit of target species, habitat, wintering ground and highway geometry, in conjunction with field investigation, filter out the emphasis position of highway amphibian animal channel system;
Step 2: amphibian animal is set and migrates induction habitat
Highway construction interference surface mainly occur in expropriation of land circle within the scope of, therefore amphibian animal migrate induction habitat mainly lay within the scope of this, follow following steps:
Step 21: miniature pool group is set
Transformation mima type microrelief, collect pavement runoff, build amphibian animal breeding farm, centered by bridge/culvert, the miniature pool group of bead-chain type of different area and the degree of depth is set to external radiation, the size that this miniature pool group is arranged is determined according to catchment area, and pool, the region area that catchment area is large, there is larger space in territory, road is large, takes the miniature pool group of bead-chain type that hand digging area does not wait; Catchment area is little, does not have the mountain area execavated rockmass in space, designs miniature pool group in conjunction with soil property gutter, specific practice digs dark soil property gutter every 50-100 rice distance, digging deep degree is 30-60cm, adopts grass planting gutter to connect, adopt seepage prevention design bottom pool between pool;
Step 22: arrange and migrate corridor
Grass is filled with along the plantation of group limit, pool, put withered branch and random block stone, in linear extension, and through bridge/culvert is inner until the other side of highway, arranges at the bottom of polynomial basis bottom bridge/culvert as far as possible, comprise soil property substrate and water channel, and put withered branch and random block stone along water channel and form that animal is hidden, habitat, play " steppingstone " effect, these steppingstones are arranged continuously, and through bridge/culvert inside extends and until the other side of highway, keeps migrating corridor moistening always;
Step 3: amphibian animal is set and migrates corridor protection facility
Amphibian animal along migrate induction habitat move time, follow following steps:
Step 31: hidden-type C shape structure is set
Certain distance is extended toward both sides along bridge/culvert, hidden-type C shape structure is set, lay in funnel-form and extend certain distance toward both sides, extended distance is determined according to the mobility of target species, life habit and habitat distribution, ground wetland distribution scope; It is determine according to protection amphibian animal species habit that this C shape structure height is arranged, this C shape structure height is between 50-80cm, be that water guide and animal traffic are used bottom this C shape structure, this C shape structure termination is to perpendicular to lateral bend outside highway direction, covered by this elbow at top, sidewall makes smooth form, prevents amphibian animal from climbing; This C shape structure stops amphibian animal side, keep the smooth and easy of amphibian animal mobile alignment, and prevent amphibian animal pass through ground micro-terrain, vegetation climbing cross C shape structure thus enter highway, there is lethal events, this C shape structure Material selec-tion precast concrete plank, glass, plastics, metal material;
Step 32: the structure that amphibian animal easily passes in and out is set
The access of bridge/culvert and around ground be arranged to the structure that amphibian animal easily passes in and out; The structure that this amphibian animal easily passes in and out is that by adopting in bridge/culvert inwall drop well, fragment of brick is stepped along the laid one-tenth of the borehole wall, the ladder of spiral escalation walks or chute, pavement top with migrate trail and be connected, or put plank, withered trunk, clitter, shaggy concrete slab in drop well introversion oblique, and with migrate trail and be connected, or directly drop well side slope is slowed down, the gradient is less than 45 degree, with around ground natural sparse model;
Step 33: horn-blowing control and reduce-speed sign board are set
Before and after highway amphibian animal channel system, section arranges horn-blowing control and reduce-speed sign board, and prompting driver and conductor and road user do not destroy this system and reduce various interference as far as possible, comprise noise, light source, rubbish;
Step 4: the effect evaluating highway amphibian animal channel system
After highway amphibian animal channel system is provided with, by least one year continue to monitor, evaluate the effect that amphibian animal utilizes, constantly improve and optimize highway amphibian animal channel system design scheme.
2. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system according to claim 1; it is characterized in that for reorganization and expansion highway; the lethal higher section of described identification amphibian animal; monitoring period of time selects the special time period of the spring and autumn of migrating on a large scale at amphibian animal; and monitoring scheme is set in conjunction with territory, road dominant species life habit and the time of migrating; differentiate according to protection level in lethal amphibian animal kind; the lethal section that protection level is higher and quantity is larger is more responsive, and this section is the emphasis section that animal corridor is built.
3. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that for new highway, identify that in the certain limit of territory, route road, hydrostatic comprises lake, the distribution in flowing water and river, identify the distribution of vegetation simultaneously, in conjunction with field investigation, determine amphibian animal migration routes, the section that migration routes and highway geometry intersect is animal corridor and arranges section.
4. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the distance that arranges that section before and after described highway amphibian animal channel system arranges prompting warning sign board is determined according to road quality classification, sign board marks: horn-blowing control, forbid arbitrarily throwing away rubbish, slow down.
5. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: to amphibian animal channel system location recognition out after, screen further in conjunction with existing highway design schemes of route index again, namely the exact position of the further selected highway amphibian animal channel system in position of the highway facilities of animal traffic is beneficial in conjunction with the bridge/culvert of highway, bridge/the culvert of existing highway overlaps with animal corridor position system and namely needs to be rectified and improved, improved and complete design; There is no bridge and culvert scheme in highway amphibian animal channel system position, highway amphibian animal channel system should be increased, thus be applicable to the betterment works of existing highway.
6. the method to set up of a kind of highway amphibian animal channel system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the monitoring of described at least one year adopts infrared camera monitoring method, trap to catch or local observation, by the comparative analysis to amphibian animal kind and quantitative index, evaluate the utilizing status of highway amphibian animal channel system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310441445.9A CN103790116B (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2013-09-25 | A kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310441445.9A CN103790116B (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2013-09-25 | A kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103790116A CN103790116A (en) | 2014-05-14 |
| CN103790116B true CN103790116B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
Family
ID=50666137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310441445.9A Expired - Fee Related CN103790116B (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2013-09-25 | A kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103790116B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106930164A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-07-07 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | A kind of method that big-and-middle-sized mammal passage of highway is set |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106835873B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2018-11-27 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | A method of the large and medium-sized mammal channel monitoring of highway and evaluation based on infrared camera technology |
| CN106894390B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2019-05-03 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of grout curtain method suitable for dam two sides |
| CN106884407B (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-10-12 | 东北师范大学 | Amphibian animal passes through the ecological module of irrigation canals and ditches |
| CN110263107A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-09-20 | 深圳中大环保科技创新工程中心有限公司 | Landscape types animal gallery construction method, device and computer program product |
| CN110796753B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-05-13 | 山东中创软件工程股份有限公司 | Road vehicle detection device and detection method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08199517A (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-08-06 | Landes Kk | Intrusion preventive structure and intrusion preventive wall block to motorway of animal and crossing culvert block and installation structure thereof |
| DE20001015U1 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2000-08-03 | Zieger, Egon, 68794 Oberhausen-Rheinhausen | Amphibian and small animal protection stilt tunnel |
| CN201660852U (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-12-01 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | Culvert beneficial for animals to pass through |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1195129A (en) * | 1984-10-23 | 1985-10-15 | Walter Lambert | Culvert beaver block |
-
2013
- 2013-09-25 CN CN201310441445.9A patent/CN103790116B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08199517A (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-08-06 | Landes Kk | Intrusion preventive structure and intrusion preventive wall block to motorway of animal and crossing culvert block and installation structure thereof |
| DE20001015U1 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2000-08-03 | Zieger, Egon, 68794 Oberhausen-Rheinhausen | Amphibian and small animal protection stilt tunnel |
| CN201660852U (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-12-01 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | Culvert beneficial for animals to pass through |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《公路规划中野生动物保护对策的探讨》;孙金柱等;《世界林业研究》;20120228;第25卷(第1期);第30-34页 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106930164A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-07-07 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | A kind of method that big-and-middle-sized mammal passage of highway is set |
| CN106930164B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2019-02-19 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | A kind of method of the large and medium-sized mammal channel setting of highway |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103790116A (en) | 2014-05-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103790116B (en) | A kind of method to set up of highway amphibian animal channel system | |
| Forman et al. | The ecological road‐effect zone of a Massachusetts (USA) suburban highway | |
| Evenari et al. | The ancient desert agriculture of the Negev: III. Early beginnings | |
| CN106759778A (en) | For the scattered collection mating type waterproof and water drainage system of highway median strip | |
| CN206503213U (en) | Scattered collection mating type waterproof and water drainage system for highway median strip | |
| CN115075070A (en) | Lower-through small animal channel | |
| CN213389668U (en) | It goes up bridge type animal passageway structure of striding on noise control type of being in light | |
| Council | Midelton Youghal Greenway | |
| Mészáros et al. | Assessment of Landscape Conflicts in Motorway Planning, NE Hungary | |
| Roberts et al. | High-precision gravity stations for monitoring vertical crustal motion in southern California | |
| Morrall et al. | Sustainable highway development in a national park | |
| Council | Ratoath Pedestrian & Cycling Scheme | |
| Romanova et al. | Factors and patterns of current development of territorial units in the Kaliningrad Region | |
| Heritage | Constructed tracks in the Scottish Uplands | |
| Sołowczuk et al. | Identification of the Key Determinants of Bats’ Altitude Increase over the S3 Expressway in Poland with Mesh Screens Applied. Sustainability 2022, 14, 15324 | |
| Hutton | THE DESIGN OF MOTORWAYS. | |
| Lehner | Culverts Connecting the Livingston Ecological Preserve to Campus | |
| Kumbalagodu | VISVESVARAYA TECHNOL | |
| Council | Navan Cycle Scheme–R147 Poolboy Bridge to Kells Road Roundabout | |
| Boymurodov et al. | HAZARDOUS EXOGENIC PROCESSES OCCURRING IN THE AMIRSOY RESORT AREA AND ADJACENT MOUNTAIN SLOPES AND THEIR ANALYSIS | |
| Connect et al. | Bonanza Wetlands Enhancement Project (BoWEP) Monitoring and Adaptive Management | |
| Li et al. | Railroad Route Alignment in Geothermal, Aeolian, and Snowdrift Areas | |
| Sketch | www. iema. net/qmark | |
| Riani et al. | Planning for greenery under Light Rail Transit (LRT) in the section of Kelapa Gading North Jakarta | |
| Trimmis et al. | Tales from the Land: An Account of the Landscape and Geophysical Research of the Berkeley Castle Project |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160316 Termination date: 20180925 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |