CN103789684A - Driving rod of driving mechanism of nuclear power station control rod and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Driving rod of driving mechanism of nuclear power station control rod and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a driving rod of a driving mechanism of a nuclear power station control rod and a preparation method of the driving rod. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting raw materials, smelting by using an electric furnace, refining in AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization) and refining by using an LF (Low Frequency) furnace so as to obtain molten iron; 2) casting the molten iron into an electrode; 3) remelting the electroslag of the electrode to obtain a steel ingot, wherein the steel ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.150% of C, less than or equal to 1.00% of Mn, less than or equal to 1.00% of Si, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.50% of Ni, 11.50-13.50% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06% of Co, less than or equal to 0.001% of B and the balance of Fe; 4) fogging the steel ingot into a tube blank, hot-rolling and hot-drilling the tube blank so as to obtain a pierced billet; and 5) processing the pierced billet into the driving rod of the driving mechanism of the nuclear power station control rod. When being used in a CRDM (Control Rod Drive Mechanism), the CRDM driving rod prepared according to the method disclosed by the invention is ideal in wear-resistance and free of deflection or deformation and has certain rigidity when being meshed with a hook claw and can be safely operated under the condition of load, the service life meets the CRDM design provision and the national standard requirements, the quality also meets the advanced level of similar products in other countries, and domestication of the CRDM driving rod is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear power technology field, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Nuclear Power Station safety class equipment--rod drive mechanism (CRDM) is mechanical means important in nuclear power plant reactor system; as the some of reactor control and protection system; CRDM is extremely important topworks, and its major function is to drive the control rod startup of upper and lower motion realization response heap, hoisting power, maintenance power, Steam Generator in Load Follow, normal shutdown and breakdown in reactor core.
Pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant CRDM is according to reactor control and protection system signal, by the motion of drive-rod part, drives control rod assembly in the upper and lower motion of heap in-core.Driving stem is positioned at driving mechanism central position, driving stem pipe overall length 7160mm, and external diameter 44.5mm, internal diameter 22mm, linearity requires total length to be less than or equal to 4mm, and outer garden is driven ring groove and is engaged with hook, promotes and down maneuver to complete.Therefore, require material to have certain strength and stiffness, good wear resistance, in manufacturing processed, will prevent distortion.
But Nuclear power plants CRDM driving stem is monopolized by external a few countries for a long time, their long-term control the CRDM driving stem supply of material market of global nuclear power projects.The external minority CRDM device fabrication producer supply of material that places one's entire reliance upon, China not only needs to pay more expensive purchase cost, and delivery cycle is uncertain, has a big risk, and once has influence in various degree China and is building the duration progress of nuclear power new projects.
In view of this, necessary a kind of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem and preparation method thereof that provides.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: a kind of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem and preparation method thereof is provided.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem, it comprises the following steps:
1) choose raw material electrosmelting+AOD refining+LF stove refining, obtain molten steel;
2) pouring molten steel is become to electrode;
3) electrode esr is obtained to steel ingot, wherein, by weight percentage, contain≤0.150%C of steel ingot ,≤1.00%Mn ,≤1.00%Si ,≤0.030%S ,≤0.030%P ,≤0.50%Ni, 11.50-13.50%Cr ,≤0.06%Co ,≤0.001%B and surplus Fe;
4) steel ingot is forged into pipe, pipe is carried out to hot rolling, hot piercing, obtain hollow forging; And
5) hollow forging is processed into Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem.
One as preparation method of the present invention is improved, step 1) in, adopt high carbon ferro-chrome, medium carbon ferrochrome, low P raw material, manganese metal, ferrosilicon as raw material.
Improve step 2 as preparation method's of the present invention one) in the injecting electrode that waters in argon shield atmosphere, carry out.
One as preparation method of the present invention is improved, step 4) in, described steel ingot adopts fast forging cogging and footpath to be forged into pipe after heating and thermal insulation.
One as preparation method of the present invention is improved, step 4) in, the technique of Heating Steel Ingots insulation is: be first slowly heated to 950 ± 10 ℃ from≤700 ℃, be incubated and be slowly heated to 1180 ± 10 ℃ after 2～2.25 hours again, be incubated after 3～4 hours the forging of coming out of the stove after Slow cooling.
One as preparation method of the present invention is improved, step 4) in, steel ingot jumping-up secondary when forging, after jumping-up insulation, steel billet is come out of the stove and is pulled out forging, and after repeatedly forging, steel billet is forged required intermediate blank size, excises the exterior part of ingot, tail after cogging.
One as preparation method of the present invention is improved, step 4) in, described steel billet is forged in process furnace and is heated in footpath, and 1100 ℃ of Heating temperature >, heat 4～6 hours, and steel billet is swaged to blank dimension after coming out of the stove on footpath forging machine.
Improve step 5 as preparation method's of the present invention one) in, hollow forging is processed into Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem and comprises: hollow forging pickling, cold rolling, pickling, aligning, lubricated, cold rolling, finished product are processed and modified thermal treatment.
One as preparation method of the present invention is improved, step 5) in, the sinuousness≤2mm/2.5m after aligning.
One as preparation method of the present invention is improved, step 5) in, modified thermal treatment comprises quench treatment and temper, quench treatment be by steel pipe≤650 ℃ insulation 0.5～0.75 hour after, slowly be heated to 960～1000 ± 10 ℃ and be incubated 1.0～1.2 hours, then carry out oil quenching; Temper is that the steel pipe after quenching is incubated to 0.5～0.75 hour at≤550 ℃, then, is heated to 660～680 ℃, after being incubated 3～3.5 hours, carries out air cooling.
Improve step 1 as preparation method's of the present invention one) in, the composition of steel ingot when the refining of AOD refining+LF stove, obtained by adding alloy material.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the present invention also provides a kind of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem, by weight percentage, described contain≤0.150%C of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem ,≤1.00%Mn ,≤1.00%Si ,≤0.030%S ,≤0.030%P ,≤0.50%Ni, 11.50-13.50%Cr ,≤0.06%Co ,≤0.001%B and surplus Fe.
One as Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention is improved, and described Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem obtains by aforementioned preparation method.
With respect to prior art, Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention and preparation method thereof has the following advantages:
1. by the optimum combination of Chemical Composition, determine cold-rolling process and the heat treatment regime of steel pipe, CRDM driving stem reaches mechanical property and functional requirement, can safe operation under loading condition, and the life-span meets design specifications and the national standard requirement of CRDM, quality also reaches the advanced level of same kind of products at abroad, has realized the production domesticization of CRDM driving stem.
2. can utilize domestic existing processing unit processing and manufacturing, be beneficial to batch production, accelerate localization process.
3. through actual survey, when CRDM driving stem prepared according to the methods of the invention is arranged on and moves in equipment CRDM, indices excellent property, while engagement with hook, wear resistance is ideal, not deflection, indeformable, and there is certain rigidity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention and preparation method thereof is elaborated, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is in the preparation method of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention, the annealing process curve figure after the steel ingot demoulding that esr obtains.
Fig. 2 is in the preparation method of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention, forges soon the heating process graphic representation of cogging steel ingot.
Fig. 3 is in the preparation method of the Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem according to the present invention, annealing process curve figure when forge in pipe footpath.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are in the preparation method of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention, the heat treated quenching of steel pipe and tempering process graphic representation.
Embodiment
In order to make goal of the invention of the present invention, technical scheme and technique effect thereof more clear, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in more detail.Should be understood that, the embodiment describing in this specification sheets is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The preparation method's of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention main technique comprises: electrosmelting+AOD refining+LF stove refining → water injecting electrode → esr → hammer cogging → hot-rolled tube billet → pipe surely to cut, peeling → hot piercing → hollow forging pickling → finishing reconditioning → lubricated → cold rolling → deoil → intermediate blank thermal treatment → pickling → aligning → lubricated → cold rolling → ... the processing → modified thermal treatment of (cyclic process) → finished product (is quenched, tempering) → sampling → Performance Detection → aligning → fine grinding → size, visual inspection → warehouse-in.
1. the refining of electrosmelting+AOD refining+LF stove:
Raw material adopts high carbon ferro-chrome, medium carbon ferrochrome, low P raw material, manganese metal and ferrosilicon, and raw material melts and obtains molten steel in electric furnace; Then, pour molten steel in AOD refining furnace oxygen decarburization, add alloy material, adjust chemical composition; After reaching the composition of process for making regulation and stipulation and liquid steel temperature, tap, molten steel is poured ladle into.
Subsequently, ladle moves into LF refining furnace and carries out refining for the second time, adds alloy material according to on-the-spot sample analysis result, adjusts chemical composition, adjusts liquid steel temperature simultaneously, reaches after meeting the chemical composition of process for making code requirement and tapping temperature and taps until molten steel.
2. casting electrode: pouring molten steel is become to electrode, in order to protect molten steel not to be oxidized or few oxidation, adopt argon shield casting in casting cycle.
3. esr: in order to improve the metallurgical quality of steel, the electrode of cast is carried out to esr secondary smelting, to improve the purity of steel, reduce the inclusion in steel, reduce the size of inclusion and the distribution of change inclusion.
Before esr, electrode surface is cleared up, to remove surface scale.In addition,, in order to remove the moisture in slag charge, before use, can adopt resistance furnace baking slag charge.
When esr, adopt CaF
2: Al
2o
3binary slag system, adopts the general electroslag remelting process of stainless steel, by controlling voltage and current, guarantees that esr process steadily carries out.
For the performance that guarantees steel meets technical requirements, the principal element of steel to be controlled, each principal element and content thereof are in table 1.
The principal element of table 1 steel and content (weight percent)
Annealing is sent in the steel ingot demoulding after heat that esr obtains, annealing process is as shown in Figure 1: steel ingot is heated to 750 ± 10 ℃ from 600 ℃ of rate of heating with≤50 ℃/h, after insulation 9 ± 1h (preferably 9.5h), speed of cooling with≤50 ℃/h is cooled to≤300 ℃ come out of the stove, the steel ingot cooling rear sampling of coming out of the stove.
4. forge pipe: steel ingot adopts fast forging+footpath to forge combination forging process, adopt the fast cogging of forging after Heating Steel Ingots insulation, then forge to pipe blank in footpath.
Heating Steel Ingots: steel ingot heats by the process curve shown in Fig. 2 in batch-type furnace, is first slowly heated to 950 ± 10 ℃ from≤700 ℃, is incubated and is slowly heated to 1180 ± 10 ℃ after 2～2.25 hours again, is incubated after 3～4 hours the forging of coming out of the stove after Slow cooling
Fast forging cogging: steel ingot carries out cogging on 2000 tons of high-speed hydranlic press, in order to guarantee that rod iron has good tissue to meet mechanical property and flaw detection requirement, steel ingot jumping-up secondary when forging, after jumping-up insulation, steel billet is come out of the stove and is pulled out forging, after multiple fire forge, steel billet is forged required intermediate blank size, after cogging, excise the exterior part of ingot, tail, forge compression ratio and be greater than 5.
Forge in footpath: steel billet is forged in process furnace and heated in footpath, and 1100 ℃ of Heating temperature >, heat 4～6 hours.Steel billet is swaged to blank dimension after coming out of the stove on 1300 tons of footpath forging machines, rough forging is of a size of φ 115mm, the type of cooling adopts hot charging annealing, the process curve of annealing billet as shown in Figure 3, concrete technology is: after 600-650 ℃ of insulation for some time, be heated to 860 ± 10 ℃ and be incubated 7～8 hours with the rate of heating of≤120 ℃/h, be then cooled to 400 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 20～40 ℃/h and come out of the stove, wherein, soaking time does not have special requirement.Pipe carries out ultrasonic testing (by φ 2.0mm flaw detection) by company standard, and the full peeling in qualified rear surface is also pressed inner quality standard transition.
5. hot piercing: by pipe peeling, Ding Qie and hot piercing, hot piercing is carried out on Mannesmann piercing machine.
6. steel pipe processing:
Fabrication processing: the hollow forging φ 114 × 17mm → annealing thermal treatment → aligning → Pipe Cutting → pickling → check → cold rolling → thermal treatment → aligning → Pipe Cutting → pickling → check of deoiling → anneal → cold rolling φ 45 × 12.5mm → deoil → thermal treatment (quenching+tempering) → sampling → tissue, Performance Detection → aligning → stress-removal thermal treatment → Pipe Cutting → pickling → size, surface examination → ultrasonic testing → Pipe Cutting (surely cutting) → packing, warehouse-in.
Wherein, Steel Pipe Heat is processed the modifier treatment that adopts quenching+tempering, and quenching and tempering process curve are respectively as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Concrete, the quenching technology of steel pipe is: by steel pipe≤650 ℃ insulation 0.5～0.75 hour after, slowly be heated to 960～1000 ± 10 ℃ and be incubated 1.0～1.2 hours, then carry out oil quenching, wherein, when steel tube quench thermal treatment is come out of the stove, steel pipe lifts by crane and enters quenching bath and must within the short as far as possible time, complete in stove, is no more than 2 minutes.
Concrete, the tempering process after steel tube quench is: the steel pipe after quenching ,≤550 ℃ of insulations 0.5～0.75 hour, then, is heated to 660～680 ℃, after being incubated 3～3.5 hours, carries out air cooling.
Steel pipe aligning: meet≤2mm/2.5m of sinuousness, total length must not be greater than 4mm.
Destressing thermal treatment: the thermal treatment that eliminates stress is for being incubated 2 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove at 600 ℃ ± 10 ℃.
Polishing: the inside and outside quality control on the surface of steel pipe, internal surface smooth finish meets Ra≤3.2 μ m, outside surface smooth finish meets Ra≤1.6 μ m or meticulousr, and size meets permissible variation.Outer surface of steel tube polishing machine polishing.
Be understandable that, other flow processs in steel pipe work flow are similar to the complete processing of conventional stainless-steel pipe, repeat no more.
Experiment detects
Tension test
Carry out room temperature tensile by GB GB/T228.1-2010, carry out 350 ℃ of drawing by high temperature by GB GB/T4338-2006: 6 of samples stretched in longitudinal directions are got at 1/2 wall thickness place at driving stem blank, carry out tensile test at room temperature and 350 ℃ of high temperature tension tests, sample working portion diameter is Φ 5mm, and stretch test result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 tensile test at room temperature and 350 ℃ of high temperature tension test results
Low temperature impact test
Carry out low temperature impact test by GB GB/T229-2007: 3, impact of collision sample is got at 1/2 wall thickness place at driving stem blank, carry out 0 ℃ of low temperature impact test, sample adopts 10mm × 10mm × 55mm standard v-notch sample, breach axis is perpendicular to blank outside surface, and low temperature impact test result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3 low temperature impact test result
Hardness test
Carry out Rockwell hardness HRC measurement by GB GB/T230.1-2009: cross-section is carried out rockwell hardness testing at driving stem blank two ends, each end face is evenly surveyed the hardness value of 3, and test result is as shown in table 4.
Table 4 Rockwell hardness test result
In conjunction with above detailed description and actual survey, Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem of the present invention and preparation method thereof has following technique effect:
1. by the optimum combination of Chemical Composition, determine cold-rolling process and the heat treatment regime of steel pipe, CRDM driving stem reaches mechanical property and functional requirement, can safe operation under loading condition, and the life-span meets design specifications and the national standard requirement of CRDM, quality also reaches the advanced level of same kind of products at abroad, has realized the production domesticization of CRDM driving stem.
2. can utilize domestic existing processing unit processing and manufacturing, be beneficial to batch production, accelerate localization process.
3. through actual survey, when CRDM driving stem prepared according to the methods of the invention is arranged on and moves in equipment CRDM, indices excellent property, while engagement with hook, wear resistance is ideal, and not deflection is indeformable, has certain rigidity.
The announcement of book and instruction according to the above description, those skilled in the art in the invention can also carry out suitable change and modification to above-mentioned embodiment.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to embodiment disclosed and described above, also should fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention modifications and changes more of the present invention.In addition,, although used some specific terms in this specification sheets, these terms just for convenience of description, do not form any restriction to the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a preparation method for Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) choose raw material electrosmelting+AOD refining+LF stove refining, obtain molten steel;
2) pouring molten steel is become to electrode;
3) electrode esr is obtained to steel ingot, wherein, by weight percentage, contain≤0.150%C of steel ingot ,≤1.00%Mn ,≤1.00%Si ,≤0.030%S ,≤0.030%P ,≤0.50%Ni, 11.50-13.50%Cr ,≤0.06%Co ,≤0.001%B and surplus Fe;
4) steel ingot is forged into pipe, pipe is carried out to hot rolling, hot piercing, obtain hollow forging; And
5) hollow forging is processed into Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 1) in, adopt high carbon ferro-chrome, medium carbon ferrochrome, low P raw material, manganese metal, ferrosilicon as raw material.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in the injecting electrode that waters in argon shield atmosphere, carry out.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) in, described steel ingot adopts fast forging cogging and footpath to be forged into pipe after heating and thermal insulation.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, step 4) in, the technique of Heating Steel Ingots insulation is: be first slowly heated to 950 ± 10 ℃ from≤700 ℃, be incubated and be slowly heated to again 1180 ± 10 ℃ after 2～2.25 hours, be incubated after 3～4 hours the forging of coming out of the stove after Slow cooling.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that step 4) in, steel ingot jumping-up secondary when forging, after jumping-up insulation, steel billet is come out of the stove and is pulled out forging, and after repeatedly forging, steel billet is forged required intermediate blank size, excises the exterior part of ingot, tail after cogging.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that step 4) in, described steel billet is forged in process furnace and is heated in footpath, 1100 ℃ of Heating temperature >, heat 4～6 hours, and steel billet is swaged to blank dimension after coming out of the stove on footpath forging machine.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 5) in, hollow forging is processed into Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem and comprises: hollow forging pickling, cold rolling, pickling, aligning, lubricated, cold rolling, finished product processing and modified thermal treatment.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that step 5) in, the sinuousness≤2mm/2.5m after aligning.
10. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, step 5) in, modified thermal treatment comprises quench treatment and temper, quench treatment be by steel pipe≤650 ℃ insulation 0.5～0.75 hour after, slowly be heated to 960～1000 ± 10 ℃ and be incubated 1.0～1.2 hours, then carry out oil quenching; Temper is that the steel pipe after quenching is incubated to 0.5～0.75 hour at≤550 ℃, then, is heated to 660～680 ℃, after being incubated 3～3.5 hours, carries out air cooling.
11. preparation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 1) in, when the refining of AOD refining+LF stove, obtain the composition of steel ingot by adding alloy material.
12. 1 kinds of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stems, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, described contain≤0.150%C of Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem ,≤1.00%Mn ,≤1.00%Si ,≤0.030%S ,≤0.030%P ,≤0.50%Ni, 11.50-13.50%Cr ,≤0.06%Co ,≤0.001%B and surplus Fe.
13. Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stems according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described Nuclear power plants rod drive mechanism driving stem is to obtain by the preparation method described in any one in claim 1-11.
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| CN105405478A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-16 | 浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司 | High temperature alloy seamless steel pipe |
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| CN104723042B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-08-08 | 四川华都核设备制造有限公司 | Linear electric motors CRDM mover bar process for making |
| CN105200346A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-30 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | 12Cr13 bar used for evaporator pull rods and pull rod nuts |
| CN105483323A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-04-13 | 抚顺特殊钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of 12Cr13 pipe blank for nuclear power plant reactor control rod drive mechanism |
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| CN105405478B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-16 | 浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high temperature alloy seamless steel pipe |
| CN108161469A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-06-15 | 江阴振宏重型锻造有限公司 | A kind of process units of fusion reactor large scale fine grain special-shaped component |
| CN111020401A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-17 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Stainless steel for power transmission and transformation engineering and production method thereof |
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| CN111346997A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-30 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Processing technology of shell for missile |
| CN113025796A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Preparation method of small-diameter thick-wall pipe of control rod driving mechanism driving rod of nuclear power station |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |