CN103788078A - 四降三萜类化合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

四降三萜类化合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN103788078A
CN103788078A CN201410065224.0A CN201410065224A CN103788078A CN 103788078 A CN103788078 A CN 103788078A CN 201410065224 A CN201410065224 A CN 201410065224A CN 103788078 A CN103788078 A CN 103788078A
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郝小江
蔡洁云
何红平
黎胜红
骆世洪
邸迎彤
景树溪
李顺林
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Kunming Institute of Botany of CAS
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Abstract

具有新颖骨架的aphnamixoid型四降三萜类化合物以及prieurianin型四降三萜类化合物,以其为活性成分的药物组合物,它们的制备方法,及这两类化合物在制备昆虫拒食剂中的应用。

Description

四降三萜类化合物及其制备方法与应用
技术领域:
本发明属于昆虫拒食剂领域,具体地,涉及一类四降三萜化合物,其制备方法,以及以该类化合物为活性成分的药物组合物,及其在昆虫拒食剂中的应用。
技术背景:
农药在农业生产中发挥着非常重要的作用,随着人们健康意识、环保意识的提高,对农产品品质要求的提高,市场对农药的安全环保性要求也越来也高。由于传统杀虫剂通常通过食物残留物、污染地下水资源等方式污染环境、危害人类健康,并且存在着不可克服的引起害虫抗性等方面的严重问题,人们越来越重视生态合理的有效控制害虫的新方法研究。相比之下,很多生物次生代谢产物可以通过安全且环保的方式影响草食类昆虫的生长及生存。因此,从天然产物中筛选出安全高效的化合物,开发为新的生物农药或以其为模型合成新的、更安全高效的农药,是创新生物农药发展的主要方向。其中,植物源拒食剂由于其解决了传统农药的环境污染及害虫易产生抗性两大主要问题,因而,越来越受到学者及农业相关产业人员的重视,成为新型农药研究的一个重要分支。例如,印楝素、鱼藤酮、除虫菊酯等农药,就是著名的生物农药。山楝Aphanamixispolystachya(Wall.)R.N.Parker是一种具有具有杀虫潜力和应用前景的植物,产于广东、广西、云南等省区的南部地区,生于低海拔地区的杂木林中,目前已广为栽培,资源较为丰富。
发明内容:
本发明通过对山楝的化学成分和生活活性的研究,旨在提供两类结构新奇的四降三萜化合物,其制备方法,以及以该类化合物为活性成分的药物组合物,在昆虫拒食剂中的应用。
本发明的上述目的是通过下面的技术方案得以实现的:
下述结构式(I)所示的aphnamixoid型四降三萜类化合物,
Figure BDA0000469795380000021
其中:
R1和R2可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),乙酰氧基
Figure BDA0000469795380000022
2-甲基-2-丁烯酰氧基
Figure BDA0000469795380000023
Figure BDA0000469795380000024
2-甲基丁酰氧基苯甲酰氧基
Figure BDA0000469795380000026
异丁酰氧基
Figure BDA0000469795380000027
羟基异丁酰氧基甲基丙烯酰氧基
Figure BDA0000469795380000029
2-羟基-3甲基戊酰氧基
Figure BDA00004697953800000210
R和R4可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R3R4=双键
Figure BDA00004697953800000211
或者R3R4=氧桥
Figure BDA00004697953800000212
或者R3=H,R4=羰基
Figure BDA00004697953800000213
R5和R6各自独立的基团为:氢(-H);或者R5R6=氧桥
Figure BDA00004697953800000214
或者R5R6=双键
Figure BDA00004697953800000215
包括(E)-Δ和(Z)-Δ;
R7为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R7R8=双键
Figure BDA0000469795380000031
或者R7R9=双键
Figure BDA0000469795380000032
或者R7R8=氧桥
Figure BDA0000469795380000033
或者R7R9=氧桥
Figure BDA0000469795380000034
R8、R9和R10可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),羰基
Figure BDA0000469795380000035
双键氧桥
Figure BDA0000469795380000037
下述结构式(II)和结构式(III)所示的prieurianin型四降三萜类化合物,
Figure BDA0000469795380000038
其中:
R1、R2、R5和R6可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),乙酰氧基
Figure BDA0000469795380000039
2-甲基-2-丁烯酰氧基
Figure BDA00004697953800000311
2-甲基丁酰氧基
Figure BDA00004697953800000312
苯甲酰氧基异丁酰氧基羟基异丁酰氧基
Figure BDA00004697953800000315
甲基丙烯酰氧基
Figure BDA00004697953800000316
2-羟基-3甲基戊酰氧基氧桥
Figure BDA00004697953800000318
R3和R4可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R3R4=双键或者R3R4=氧桥
Figure BDA0000469795380000042
或者R3=H,R4=羰基
R7为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R7R8=双键
Figure BDA0000469795380000044
或者R7R9=双键
Figure BDA0000469795380000045
或者R7R8=氧桥
Figure BDA0000469795380000046
或者R7R9=氧桥
R8、R9和R10可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),羰基
Figure BDA0000469795380000048
双键
Figure BDA0000469795380000049
氧桥
Figure BDA00004697953800000410
所述结构式(I)所示的具有新颖骨架的aphnamixoid型四降三萜化合物,为下列化合物1-9(aphanamixoids A,C-J):
Figure BDA00004697953800000411
所述结构式(II)和结构式(III)所示的prieurianin型四降三萜化合物,为下列化合物10-16(aphanamixoids B,K-P):
Figure BDA0000469795380000051
昆虫拒食剂,以上述任一化合物或其任意组合为活性成分。
所述结构式(I)化合物的制备方法,取山楝,用有机溶剂提取,浓缩得浸膏,分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯萃取部分经反复柱层析得结构式(I)化合物。
所述结构式(II和III)化合物的制备方法,取山楝,用有机溶剂提取,浓缩得浸膏,分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯萃取部分经反复柱层析得结构式(II-III)化合物。
拒食剂,含有上述任一化合物和常规辅剂,或其任意组合和常规辅剂。
上述任一化合物或其任意组合在制备拒食剂中的应用。
本发明的四降三萜化合物经活性测试显示具有较好的昆虫拒食活性。在实践应用中,本发明四降三萜化合物是以单个化合物或不同化合物的任意组合物按如下量施用于基材或一种群上:所述量的范围0.005到10μmol/cm2之间,优选在0.01到0.2μmol/cm2,任选地与载体和/或媒体相结合。
具体实施方式:
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合本发明的实施例来进一步对本发明的实质和有益效果进行说明,但本发明的技术方案并不局限于此。
实施例1:
山楝中具有新颖骨架aphnamixoid型四降三萜化合物aphanamixoids A,C-J(1-9),以及prieurianin型四降三萜化合物aphanamixoids B,K-P(10-16)的提取与分离:
取自然风干的山楝枝叶27kg,粉碎后,用90%乙醇提取,浓缩得浸膏,分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取。乙酸乙酯萃取部分依次用石油醚-丙酮(50:1-1:1,v/v)、氯仿-甲醇(10:1-0:1,v/v)梯度洗脱,得到七个组分(Fr.1-7)。其中,Fr.3经MCI柱层析、C-8反相硅胶柱层析、反复Sephadex LH-20柱层析、硅胶柱层析、HPLC半制备C-18反相柱柱层析,得到化合物1(370mg)、2(12mg)、3(5mg)、4(2mg)、5(8mg)、6(39mg)、7(4mg)、8(3mg)、9(11mg)、10(10mg)、和12(10mg)。Fr.4用MCI柱层析、C-18反相硅胶柱层析、反复Sephadex LH-20柱层析、硅胶柱层析、HPLC半制备C-18反相柱柱层析,得到化合物11(6mg)、13(10mg)、14(14mg)、15(5mg)和16(10mg)。
分离得到的化合物1-16的结构分析数据如下:
Aphanamixoid A(1):colorless crystals(in acetone);m.p.148-150℃;HRESIMS at m/z519.2361[M+Na]+(calcd519.2358,C29H36O7Na);
Figure BDA0000469795380000064
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)242(3.44),202(3.39);CD(0.000511M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):231(1.14);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:1732,1717,1265,1255and1245;1H and13C NMR数据见表1。
Aphanamixoid B(10):colorless amorphous powder;m.p.170-171℃;HRESIMS at m/z535.2314[M+Na]+(calcd535.2307,C29H36O8Na);UV(MeOH)λmax(logε):210(3.06),202(3.07);CD(0.000342M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):236(1.81),205(0.56);IR(KBr)νmax:2957,2930,1739,1373,1235and1030cm-1;1H and13C NMR数据见表1。
表1、化合物aphanamixoids A和B(1和10)的1H和13C NMR数据
Figure BDA0000469795380000061
Figure BDA0000469795380000071
aBruker AM-400MHz核磁共振仪测定,bBruker DRX-500MHz核磁共振仪测定。化学位移值δ用ppm表示,耦合常数J用Hz表示,以CDCl3为溶剂。
表2、化合物aphanamixoids C-E(2-4)的1H和13C NMR数据
Figure BDA0000469795380000072
Figure BDA0000469795380000081
aBruker AM-400MHz核磁共振仪测定,bAvance III600MHz核磁共振仪测定。c信号重叠,通过1H-1H COSY、HSQC和HMBC谱图数据确定。化学位移值δ用ppm表示,耦合常数J用Hz表示,以CDCl3为溶剂。
Aphanamixoid C(2):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z544.2524[M]+(calcd544.2516,C31H38O9);
Figure BDA0000469795380000086
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)244(3.24),204(3.34);CD(0.001083M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):246(-0.25),219(+0.31);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:1743,1738,1640,1630,1378and1246;1H and13C NMR数据见表2。
Aphanamixoid D(3):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z594.2830[M]+(calcd594.2829,C34H42O9);
Figure BDA0000469795380000087
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)209(3.61);CD(0.000404M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):239(+0.03),221(-0.36),207(-0.30);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:1741,1631,1380,1261and1234;1H and13C NMR数据见表2。
Aphanamixoid E(4):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z596.2966[M]+(calcd596.2985,C34H33O9);UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)205(3.17);CD(0.001006M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):246(-0.08),223(-0.01);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2970,2933,1739,1639,1631,1377and1237;1H and13C NMR数据见表2。
表3、化合物aphanamixoids F-J(5-9)的1HNMR数据
Figure BDA0000469795380000082
Figure BDA0000469795380000091
aBruker AM-400MHz核磁共振仪测定,bAvance III600MHz核磁共振仪测定。化学位移值δ用ppm表示,耦合常数J用Hz表示,以CDCl3为溶剂。
表4.化合物aphanamixoidsF-J(5-9)的13CNMR数据
Figure BDA0000469795380000092
Figure BDA0000469795380000101
aBruker AM-400MHz核磁共振仪测定,bAvance III600MHz核磁共振仪测定。化学位移值δ用ppm表示,以CDCl3为溶剂。
Aphanamixoid F(5):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z552.2365[M]+(calcd552.2359,C31H36O9);
Figure BDA0000469795380000102
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)292(2.88),243(3.26),216(3.32);CD(0.00057M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):237(-1.39);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:1744,1729,1710,1691,1641,1631,1378and1245;1H and13C NMR数据见表3和表4。
Aphanamixoid G(6):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z592.2676[M]+(calcd592.2672,C34H40O9);
Figure BDA0000469795380000103
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)290(2.99),215(3.57);CD(0.000583M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):231(-1.18);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2924,1737,1707,1631,1384,1260and1025;1H and13C NMR数据见表3和表4。
Aphanamixoid H(7):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z552.2365[M]+(calcd552.2359,C31H36O9);
Figure BDA0000469795380000104
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)285(1.96),213(2.37);CD(0.001177M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):243(-0.49);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:1744,1728,1711,1690,1640,1631,1375and1245;1H and13C NMR数据见表3和表4。
Aphanamixoid I(8):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z568.2305[M]+(calcd568.2308,C31H36O10);
Figure BDA0000469795380000105
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)284(2.80),207(3.29);CD(0.001109M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):277(-0.17),227(-0.56);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2955,2927,1743,1641,1376,1241and1028;1H and13C NMR数据见表3和表4。
Aphanamixoid J(9):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z608.2415[M]+(calcd608.2421,C34H40O10);
Figure BDA0000469795380000106
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)299(3.06),215(3.55);CD(0.000559M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):276(-0.45),223(-1.47);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2958,2924,1743,1710,1640,1630,1378and1055;1H and13C NMR数据见表3和表4
Aphanamixoid K(11):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z552.2709[M]+(calcd552.2723,C32H40O8);
Figure BDA0000469795380000107
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)213(3.32);CD(0.00076M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):236(+0.88),200(+0.46);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2949,2926,1736,1637,1627,1630,1381,1262,1207and1122;1H and13C NMR data数据见表5和表6。
Aphanamixoid L(12):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z554.2892[M]+(calcd554.2880,C32H43O8);
Figure BDA0000469795380000111
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)373(1.14),210(3.00);CD(0.000758M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):236(+1.00),203(+0.41);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2956,2926,1736,1629,1461,1382,1263,1205and1122;1H and13C NMR数据见表5和表6。
Aphanamixoid M(13):colorless amorphous powder;HRESIMS at m/z574.2571[M]+(calcd574.2567,C34H38O8);
Figure BDA0000469795380000112
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)258(2.72),230(3.45),205(3.17);CD(0.000261M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):239(+1.76),206(+0.49);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2956,2925,1732,1726,1634,1629,1456,1378,1272,1237and1116;1H and13C NMR数据见表5和表6。
Aphanamixoid N(14):colorless amorphous powder;HRESIMS at m/z575.2631[M+Na]+(calcd575.2620,C32H40O8Na);
Figure BDA0000469795380000113
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)214(3.56);CD(0.000285M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):234(+2.53),200(+0.94);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2957,2925,2852,1768,1745,1709,1579,1438,1266,1135,1072and1027;1H and13C NMR数据见表5和表6。
Aphanamixoid O(15):colorless amorphous powder;HREIMS at m/z554.2889[M]+(calcd554.2890,C32H42O8);
Figure BDA0000469795380000114
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)207(3.05);CD(0.000695M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):237(+0.54),204(+0.29);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2968,2938,1768,1743,1632,1462,1383,1270,1182,1147,1025and1015;1H and13C NMR数据见表5和表6。
Aphanamixoid P(16):colorless amorphous powder;HRESIMS at m/z575.2641[M+H]+(calcd575.2644,C34H39O8);
Figure BDA0000469795380000115
UV(MeOH)λmax(logε)228(3.57),200(3.59);CD(0.000272M,MeOH)λmax(Δε):237(+1.89),206(+0.83);IR:νmax(KBr)cm-1:2956,2926,2854,1736,1721,1629,1450,1272,1112,1070and1027;1H and13C NMR数据见表5和表6。
表5、化合物aphanamixoidsK-P(11-16)的1HNMR数据
Figure BDA0000469795380000121
aAvance III600MHz核磁共振仪测定,bBruker AM-400MHz核磁共振仪测定。化学位移值δ用ppm表示,以CDCl3为溶剂。
表6、化合物aphanamixoids K-P(11-16)的13C NMR数据
Figure BDA0000469795380000131
aAvance III600MHz核磁共振仪测定,bBruker AM-400MHz核磁共振仪测定。化学位移值δ用ppm表示,以CDCl3为溶剂。
实施例2:
山楝四降三萜化合物的拒食活性测试:
采用选择性拒食活性测定方法,测定从实施例1中获得的四降三萜化合物1-16,对棉铃虫(Helicoverpaarmigera)、甜菜夜蛾(Spodopteraexigua)等昆虫的拒食活性。用丙酮配置成各种浓度梯度(100μg/mL,200μg/mL,500μg/mL,1000μg/mL,2000μg/mL)作为昆虫拒食剂。活性测试之前,将幼虫饥饿4-5小时。选取生长一致的小白菜(Brassica chinensis L.)叶,冲洗干净,用打孔器(直径1.1cm)打制成圆叶片(叶蝶)。将各浓度的溶液取10μL均匀涂抹在叶蝶上,放在吸水纸上晾干。然后,再将两张处理叶蝶和两张对照叶蝶交错放入一个直接9cm的培养皿内。为防止叶蝶干缩,在培养皿底垫一层滤纸,滴加蒸馏水保湿。每个处理设五组重复,试验后24小时、36小时和48小时检查叶蝶被取食的面积。用坐标纸法测量对照叶蝶和处理叶蝶被测虫取食的面积。拒食率=AI(%)=[(C-T)/(C+T)]×100%(其中,C和T分别代表对照叶蝶和处理叶蝶被测虫取食的面积)。用几率值法计算拒食中浓度EC50(μmol/cm2)或某一测试浓度下的拒食指数AI(%)及其标准偏差SD(%)。
测试结果表明,本结果所述四降三萜化合物除化合物7外,均具有较好的拒食活性。(见表7-9)
表7、山楝部分活性四降三萜化合物对棉铃虫(Helicoverpaarmigera)的拒食活性数据
化合物 EC50(μmol/cm2)
aphanamixoid A(1) 0.015
aphanamixoid C(2) 0.017
aphanamixoid D(3) 0.049
aphanamixoid F(5) 0.008
aphanamixoid G(6) 0.012
aphanamixoid I(8) 0.028
表8、山楝中部分活性四降三萜化合物对棉铃虫(Helicoverpaarmigera)的拒食活性数据(2000μg/mL)
化合物 AI(%)±SD(%)
aphanamixoidE(4) 33.88%1.12%
aphanamixoid J(9) 23.42%±0.72%
aphanamixoid K(11) 47.31%±2.02%
aphanamixoid L(12) 23.39%±5.07%
aphanamixoid M(13) 34.02%±1.25%
aphanamixoid N(14) 11.11%±3.37%
aphanamixoid O(15) 42.80%±1.98%
aphanamixoid P(16) 28.62%±4.11%
表9、山楝部分活性四降三萜化合物对甜菜夜蛾(Spodopteraexigua)的拒食活性数据
Figure BDA0000469795380000151
下述实施例3-9配方中有关组分选择如下:
润湿剂可选用:脂肪醇硫酸盐、十二烷基苯磺酸盐、吐温、山梨醇聚氧乙醚、木质素磺酸盐、茶枯、搭皂角;
乳化剂可选用:肥皂、烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯基酯;
稳定剂可选用:环氧植物油、环氧酯;
有机溶剂可选用:甲醇、乙醇、丙酮;
pH值调节剂可选用:醋酸、碳酸氢钠;
防腐剂可选用:苯甲酸钠。
实施例3:
0.5%四降三萜拒食剂的制备:
(A)成分配比(重量):
化合物1含量:0.1%,化合物5含量:0.2%,化合物6含量:0.2%,湿润剂:20%,乳化剂:20%,稳定剂:6%,有机溶剂:53.2%,pH调节剂:0.3%。
(B)制备方法:溶液混配法
将实施例1所制得的化合物1、化合物5、化合物6用一定量的溶剂溶解,按配方设定的化合物含量比列混合搅拌,然后加入润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、有机溶剂、pH调节剂搅拌均匀即可。
实施例4:
1%四降三萜拒食剂I的制备:
(A)成分配比(重量):
化合物1含量:0.4%,化合物2含量:0.2%,化合物5含量:0.4%,湿润剂:20%,乳化剂:20%,稳定剂:6%,有机溶剂:52.7%,pH调节剂:0.3%。
(B)制备方法:溶液混配法
将实施例1所制得的化合物1、化合物2、化合物5用一定量的溶剂溶解,按配方设定的化合物含量比列混合搅拌,然后加入润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、有机溶剂、pH调节剂搅拌均匀即可。
实施例5:
1%四降三萜拒食剂II的制备:
(A)成分配比(重量):
化合物1含量:0.3%,化合物5含量:0.4%,化合物8含量:0.3%,湿润剂:20%,乳化剂:20%,稳定剂:6%,有机溶剂:52.7%,pH调节剂:0.3%。
(B)制备方法:溶液混配法
将实施例1所制得的化合物1、化合物5、化合物8用一定量的溶剂溶解,按配方设定的化合物含量比列混合搅拌,然后加入润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、有机溶剂、pH调节剂搅拌均匀即可。
实施例6:
1%四降三萜拒食剂III的制备:
(A)成分配比(重量):
化合物1含量:0.3%,化合物5含量:0.4%,化合物6含量:0.3%,湿润剂:15%,乳化剂:10%,稳定剂:6%,有机溶剂:20%,pH调节剂:0.3%,防腐剂:1%,水:46.7%
(B)制备方法:溶液混配法
将实施例1所制得的化合物1、化合物5、化合物6用一定量的溶剂溶解,按配方设定的化合物含量比列混合搅拌,然后加入润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、有机溶剂、pH调节剂、防腐剂和水搅拌均匀即可。
实施例7:
1.5%四降三萜拒食剂的制备:
(A)成分配比(重量):
化合物5含量:0.6%,化合物11含量:0.4%,化合物15含量:0.5%,
湿润剂:15%,乳化剂:10%,稳定剂:6%,有机溶剂:20%,pH调节剂:0.3%,防腐剂:1%,水:46.2%。
(B)制备方法:溶液混配法
将实施例1所制得的化合物5、化合物11、化合物15用一定量的溶剂溶解,按配方设定的化合物含量比列混合搅拌,然后加入润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、有机溶剂、pH调节剂、防腐剂和水搅拌均匀即可。
实施例8:
2%四降三萜拒食剂I的制备:
(A)成分配比(重量):
化合物1含量:0.6%,化合物5含量:0.7%,化合物6含量:0.7%,
湿润剂:15%,乳化剂:10%,稳定剂:6%,有机溶剂:20%,pH调节剂:0.3%,防腐剂:1%,水:45.7%
(B)制备方法:溶液混配法
将实施例1所制得的化合物1、化合物5、化合物6用一定量的溶剂溶解,按配方设定的化合物含量比列混合搅拌,然后加入润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、有机溶剂、pH调节剂、防腐剂和水搅拌均匀即可。
实施例9:
2%四降三萜拒食剂II的制备:
(A)成分配比(重量):
化合物1含量:0.6%,化合物5含量:1.2%,化合物10含量:0.2%,
湿润剂:15%,乳化剂:10%,稳定剂:6%,有机溶剂:20%,pH调节剂:0.3%,防腐剂:1%,水:45.7%
(B)制备方法:溶液混配法
将实施例1所制得的化合物1、化合物5、化合物10用一定量的溶剂溶解,按配方设定的化合物含量比列混合搅拌,然后加入润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、有机溶剂、pH调节剂、防腐剂和水搅拌均匀即可。

Claims (9)

1.下述结构式(I)所示的aphnamixoid型四降三萜类化合物,
Figure FDA0000469795370000011
其中:
R1和R2可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),乙酰氧基
Figure FDA0000469795370000012
2-甲基-2-丁烯酰氧基
Figure FDA0000469795370000013
Figure FDA0000469795370000014
2-甲基丁酰氧基苯甲酰氧基
Figure FDA0000469795370000016
异丁酰氧基
Figure FDA00004697953700000115
羟基异丁酰氧基
Figure FDA0000469795370000017
甲基丙烯酰氧基
Figure FDA0000469795370000018
2-羟基-3甲基戊酰氧基
Figure FDA0000469795370000019
R3和R4可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R3R4=双键或者R3R4=氧桥
Figure FDA00004697953700000111
或者R3=H,R4=羰基
R5和R6各自独立的基团为:氢(-H);或者R5R6=氧桥
Figure FDA00004697953700000113
或者R5R6=双键
Figure FDA00004697953700000114
包括(E)-Δ和(Z)-Δ;
R7为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R7R8=双键
Figure FDA0000469795370000021
或者R7R9=双键
Figure FDA0000469795370000022
或者R7R8=氧桥
Figure FDA0000469795370000023
或者R7R9=氧桥
R8、R9和R10可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),羰基
Figure FDA0000469795370000025
双键
Figure FDA0000469795370000026
氧桥
Figure FDA0000469795370000027
2.下述结构式(II)和结构式(III)所示的prieurianin型四降三萜类化合物,
Figure FDA0000469795370000028
其中:
R1、R2、R5和R6可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),乙酰氧基
Figure FDA0000469795370000029
2-甲基-2-丁烯酰氧基
Figure FDA00004697953700000210
Figure FDA00004697953700000211
2-甲基丁酰氧基苯甲酰氧基
Figure FDA00004697953700000213
异丁酰氧基
Figure FDA00004697953700000214
羟基异丁酰氧基
Figure FDA00004697953700000215
甲基丙烯酰氧基
Figure FDA00004697953700000216
2-羟基-3甲基戊酰氧基
Figure FDA00004697953700000217
氧桥
Figure FDA00004697953700000218
R3和R4可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R3R4=双键或者R3R4=氧桥或者R3=H,R4=羰基
R7为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH);或者R7R8=双键或者R7R9=双键
Figure FDA0000469795370000035
或者R7R8=氧桥
Figure FDA0000469795370000036
或者R7R9=氧桥
Figure FDA0000469795370000037
R8、R9和R10可以相同或不同,各自独立的基团为:氢(-H),羟基(-OH),羰基
Figure FDA0000469795370000038
双键
Figure FDA0000469795370000039
氧桥
Figure FDA00004697953700000310
3.如权利要求1所述结构式(I)所示的具有新颖骨架的aphnamixoid型四降三萜化合物,为下列化合物1-9(aphanamixoids A,C-J):
Figure FDA00004697953700000311
4.如权利要求2所述结构式(II)和结构式(III)所示的prieurianin型四降三萜化合物,为下列化合物10-16(aphanamixoids B,K-P):
5.昆虫拒食剂,以权利要求1或2或3或4任一化合物或其任意组合为活性成分。
6.权利要求1所述结构式(I)化合物的制备方法,取山楝,用有机溶剂提取,浓缩得浸膏,分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯萃取部分经反复柱层析得结构式(I)化合物。
7.权利要求2所述结构式(II和III)化合物的制备方法,取山楝,用有机溶剂提取,浓缩得浸膏,分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯萃取部分经反复柱层析得结构式(II-III)化合物。
8.拒食剂,含有权利要求1或2或3或4中任一化合物和常规辅剂,或其任意组合和常规辅剂。
9.权利要求1或2或3或4中任一化合物或其任意组合在制备拒食剂中的应用。
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Application publication date: 20140514