CN103785939A - Aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam welding method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103785939A CN103785939A CN201210433230.8A CN201210433230A CN103785939A CN 103785939 A CN103785939 A CN 103785939A CN 201210433230 A CN201210433230 A CN 201210433230A CN 103785939 A CN103785939 A CN 103785939A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0093—Welding characterised by the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam welding method. The method includes: press-fitting welding workpieces and placing the workpieces in a vacuum chamber; preheating with 4-8mA electron beam current, under the scanning frequency of 80-200Hz, X-axial and Y-axial scanning amplitude of 200-300, and welding speed of 450-60mm/s; positioning and pre-connecting with 10-15Ma butt beam current, under the scanning frequency of 80-200Hz, X-axial and Y-axial scanning amplitude of 200-300 and welding speed of 450-600mm/s; performing penetration welding with 10-15mA electron beam current, under the scanning frequency of 80-200Hz, X-axial and Y-axial scanning amplitude of 200-300Hz and welding speed of 450-600mm/s; finally trimming welds. The method is simple, weld quality is good, few pores occur, the welds are attractive, and little deformation of the workpieces occurs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be applied in the aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam welding technology field in IC equipment, be specifically related to a kind of aluminum alloy vacuum electro-beam welding method.
Background technology
Vacuum electron beam welding technique is welded piece to be placed in to vacuum environment utilize the electronic beam current striking work of directed high-speed motion to make kinetic transformation melt the method for welding for heat energy makes workpiece, because the high energy density of electron beam makes weld seam narrower, depth-to-width ratio is large, and welding stress and distortion is little.On the other hand, while welding, can substantially stop the impact of air butt welded seam under vacuum state, make weld seam internal soundness greatly be better than the welding quality under antivacuum state.Be widely used at IC equipment manufacture industry.
In actual production process, aluminium alloy is a kind of very easily material of oxidation, is easily combined with oxygen and generates tight solid aluminum oxide film in air, and the fusing point of these films is up to 2050 ℃, density 3.9-4.1Kg/m
3, being about 1.4 times of aluminium, its can adsorption moisture, forms the defect such as pore, slag inclusion, thereby reduced the mechanical property of welding point in welding process.Institutional framework and the mechanical property of a small amount of gaseous impurity on it produces strong impact, very unfavorable to the welding of this material.For different types of workpiece, electron beam welding process and each parameter thereof select the whether suitable shaping of weld seam surfaces externally and internally and the intensity of weld seam of directly affecting, therefore, research one is applied to Al alloy parts and welding quality is high, and the few vacuum electron beam welding method of foreign gas is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of aluminum alloy vacuum electro-beam welding method, this welding method is simple, and weldquality is good, pore is few, weld seam is attractive in appearance, and Al alloy parts distortion is less.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of aluminum alloy vacuum electro-beam welding method, comprises the steps:
(1) Al alloy parts to be welded is put into welding booth and vacuumize that (low vacuum is in 7.0 × 10
-2pa);
(2) workpiece is carried out to preheating: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 630-635mA, electronic beam current be as 4-8mA, scan frequency scan preheating as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 200-300, speed of welding 450-600mm/s, comes and goes preheating 2-3 time along weld seam;
(3) workpiece is positioned to pre-connection: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 636-640mA, opposite joint line position pre-connection as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 200-250, speed of welding 450-600mm/s as 10-15mA, scan frequency;
(4) workpiece is penetrated to welding: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 636-640mA, electronic beam current penetrate welding as 30-45mA, scan frequency as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 100-200, speed of welding 450-600mm/s scan;
(5) workpiece is carried out to weld seam modification: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 640-645mA, electronic beam current carry out weld seam modification (welding direction with scanning penetrate welding direction contrary) 2-3 time as 15-22mA, scan frequency as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 2000-4000, speed of welding 450-600mm/s.
Above-mentioned steps (1) is first cleaned Al alloy parts before, then the workpiece after cleaning is press-fited mutually.
The process of described cleaning is: the process of described cleaning is: first with fine sandpaper polishing, and clean up with acetone; Then the NaOH solution of putting into again 5-10%, is to soak 40-70s at 70-75 ℃ in temperature, then washes, then uses the HNO of 12-16%
3soak at normal temperatures 2-3min, then water cleans up; Finally in baking oven 75-85 ℃ dry 30-40min, guarantee on workpiece not residual organic matter matter.
Described mutually press-fit 5%(depth of weld General Requirements that the maximal clearance that will guarantee between welding work pieces is less than the depth of weld be greater than thickness of slab 2/3), but the gap maximum between welding work pieces is no more than 0.2mm, and " I " type of assurance joint butting surface is smooth.
Above-mentioned steps (5) is carried out vacuum cooled to welding work pieces afterwards, and (low vacuum is in 1 × 10
-1pa), cooling rear taking-up workpiece.By cooling in a vacuum, prevent that the Al alloy parts of high temperature is oxidized in air.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, by preheating, workpiece is heated, reduce welding residual stress and workpiece deformation amount.
2, penetrate in welding process, the swing all around of electron beam is played mechanical agitation to molten bath, and gas in molten bath is easily overflowed, and reduces the porosity.
3, modify by weld seam, be conducive to portion gas to discharge, reduce the porosity, modify face of weld, improve weldquality.
4, by cooling in a vacuum, prevent that the Al alloy parts of high temperature is oxidized in air.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is aluminum alloy vacuum electro-beam welding process flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is workpiece weld appearance photo in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1: aluminum alloy vacuum electro-beam welding method step of the present invention is:
After workpiece is cleaned, after first welding work pieces being press-fited mutually, put into vacuum chamber and vacuumize; Then take electronic beam current as 4-8mA, scan frequency is as 80-200Hz, X-axis scan amplitude and Y axis scanning amplitude are all as 200-300, speed of welding 450-600mm/s scan preheating; Take opposite joint line as 10-15mA, scan frequency is as 80-200Hz, X-axis scan amplitude and Y axis scanning amplitude are all as 200-300, speed of welding 450-600mm/s position pre-connection; Take electronic beam current as 30-45mA, scan frequency all penetrates welding as 200-300, speed of welding 450-600mm/s scan as 80-200Hz, X-axis scan amplitude and Y axis scanning amplitude; Again take electronic beam current as 15-22mA, scan frequency is as 80-200Hz, X-axis scan amplitude and Y axis scanning amplitude are all as 2000-4000, speed of welding 450-600mm/s carry out weld seam modification; Finally carry out vacuum cooled, and take out workpiece.
Embodiment 1
Material for test: A16061-T651, thickness of slab 10mm.
The pretreatment of workpiece: first with fine sandpaper polishing, and clean up with acetone; Then putting into 8% NaOH solution, is to soak 60s at 75 ℃ in temperature again, then washing, then use 14% HNO
3soak at normal temperatures 2min, then water cleans up; Finally in baking oven, dry 80 ℃ and dry 35min.
Welding work pieces press-fits mutually: guarantee 5%(depth of weld General Requirements that maximal clearance between welding work pieces is less than the depth of weld be greater than thickness of slab 2/3), but the gap maximum between welding work pieces is no more than 0.2mm, and " I " type of assurance joint butting surface is smooth.This time example guarantees that maximal clearance is no more than 0.2mm.
Workpiece after press-fiting is put into welding booth and vacuumize, vacuum is 7.0 × 10
-2pa;
Preheating: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 630mA, electronic beam current as 4mA, scan frequency as 100Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 200, speed of welding 450mm/s carries out preheating, comes and goes preheating 3 times along weld seam.
Location pre-connection: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 636mA, opposite joint line as 10mA, scan frequency as 80Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 200, speed of welding 450mm/s positions pre-connection;
Penetrate welding: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 636mA, electronic beam current as 30mA, scan frequency as 100Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 100, speed of welding 450mm/s penetrates welding;
Weld seam is modified: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 640mA, electronic beam current as 15mA, scan frequency as 100Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 2000, speed of welding 450mm/s carries out weld seam modification (welding direction with scanning penetrate welding direction contrary) 3 times.
(low vacuum is in 1 × 10 finally to carry out vacuum cooled
-1pa), take out workpiece.
The present embodiment weld seam photo as shown in Figure 2, forms the weld seam of exterior appearance.
Embodiment 2
Difference from Example 1 is: material for test: A16061-T651, thickness of slab 10mm;
Preheating: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 633mA, electronic beam current as 6mA, scan frequency as 150Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 250, speed of welding 500mm/s carries out preheating, comes and goes preheating 3 times along weld seam.
Location pre-connection: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 638mA, opposite joint line as 12mA, scan frequency as 150Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 220, speed of welding 500mm/s positions pre-connection;
Penetrate welding: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 638mA, electronic beam current as 40mA, scan frequency as 140Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 160, speed of welding 520mm/s penetrates welding;
Weld seam is modified: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 642mA, electronic beam current as 18mA, scan frequency as 120Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 2800, speed of welding 530mm/s carries out weld seam modification (welding direction with scanning penetrate welding direction contrary) 2 times.
(low vacuum is in 1 × 10 finally to carry out vacuum cooled
-1pa), take out workpiece.
Embodiment 3
Difference from Example 1 is: material for test: A16061-T651, thickness of slab 10mm;
Preheating: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 635mA, electronic beam current as 8mA, scan frequency as 200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 300, speed of welding 600mm/s carries out preheating, comes and goes preheating 3 times along weld seam.
Location pre-connection: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 640mA, opposite joint line as 15mA, scan frequency as 200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 250, speed of welding 600mm/s positions pre-connection;
Penetrate welding: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 640mA, electronic beam current as 45mA, scan frequency as 200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 200, speed of welding 600mm/s penetrates welding;
Weld seam is modified: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 645mA, electronic beam current as 22mA, scan frequency as 200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 4000, speed of welding 600mm/s carries out weld seam modification (welding direction with scanning penetrate welding direction contrary) 3 times.
(low vacuum is in 1 × 10 finally to carry out vacuum cooled
-1pa), take out workpiece.
Above-described embodiment 1-3 aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam weld mechanical property is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam weld mechanical property
Claims (6)
1. an aluminum alloy vacuum electro-beam welding method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) Al alloy parts to be welded is put into welding booth and vacuumized;
(2) workpiece is carried out to preheating: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 630-635mA, electronic beam current carry out preheating as 4-8mA, scan frequency as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 200-300, speed of welding 450-600mm/s, comes and goes preheating 2-3 time along weld seam;
(3) workpiece is positioned to pre-connection: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 636-640mA, opposite joint line position pre-connection as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 200-250, speed of welding 450-600mm/s as 10-15mA, scan frequency;
(4) workpiece is penetrated to welding: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 636-640mA, electronic beam current penetrate welding as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 100-200, speed of welding 450-600mm/s as 30-45mA, scan frequency;
(5) workpiece is carried out to weld seam modification: take operating distance as 110mm, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 640-645mA, electronic beam current carry out weld seam modification as 15-22mA, scan frequency as 80-200Hz, X-axis and Y axis scanning amplitude as 2000-4000, speed of welding 450-600mm/s, modifies number of times 2-3 time.
2. welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (1) is first cleaned Al alloy parts before, then the workpiece after cleaning is press-fited mutually.
3. welding method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the process of described cleaning is: first with fine sandpaper polishing, and clean up with acetone; Then the NaOH solution of putting into again 5-10%, is to soak 40-70s at 70-75 ℃ in temperature, then washes, then uses the HNO of 12-16%
3soak at normal temperatures 2-3min, then water cleans up; Finally in baking oven, dry 75-85 ℃ and dry 30-40min.
4. welding method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the described maximal clearance that will guarantee between welding work pieces that mutually press-fits is less than 5% of the depth of weld, but gap maximum between welding work pieces is no more than 0.2mm.
5. welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the low vacuum in step (1) in welding booth is in 7.0 × 10
-2pa.
6. welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (5) is carried out vacuum cooled to welding work pieces afterwards, and low vacuum is in 1 × 10
-1pa.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104289806A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Thin-wall aluminum alloy electronic beam welding method |
| CN105195886A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-30 | 无锡桥阳机械制造有限公司 | Aluminum alloy welding technology |
| CN107442921A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of electro-beam welding method of heterogeneity aluminum alloy material |
| CN109365980A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 淮南新能源研究中心 | A kind of vacuum electron beam welding method and vacuum chamber |
| CN110560867A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for aluminum alloy water-cooled joint |
| CN110560868A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | vacuum electron beam welding process for 6-series aluminum alloy sheet |
| CN110560874A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | ADC12 aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam welding method |
| CN111014927A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Welding method for eliminating air hole defects of aluminum alloy electron beam welding seam joint |
| CN111761195A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-10-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Vacuum preheating electron beam welding device for pressure-resistant shell |
| CN113172320A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-27 | 合肥聚能电物理高技术开发有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for aluminum alloy plate, flange and X-ray image intensifier |
| CN115464245A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-13 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for twinning induced high-plasticity steel and application thereof |
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| CN104289806A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Thin-wall aluminum alloy electronic beam welding method |
| CN105195886A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-30 | 无锡桥阳机械制造有限公司 | Aluminum alloy welding technology |
| CN107442921A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of electro-beam welding method of heterogeneity aluminum alloy material |
| CN107442921B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-11-15 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of electro-beam welding method of heterogeneity aluminum alloy material |
| CN109365980A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 淮南新能源研究中心 | A kind of vacuum electron beam welding method and vacuum chamber |
| CN110560868A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | vacuum electron beam welding process for 6-series aluminum alloy sheet |
| CN110560867A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for aluminum alloy water-cooled joint |
| CN110560874A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | ADC12 aluminum alloy vacuum electron beam welding method |
| CN111014927A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Welding method for eliminating air hole defects of aluminum alloy electron beam welding seam joint |
| CN111761195A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-10-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Vacuum preheating electron beam welding device for pressure-resistant shell |
| CN111761195B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-08-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Vacuum preheating electron beam welding device for pressure-resistant shell |
| CN113172320A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-27 | 合肥聚能电物理高技术开发有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for aluminum alloy plate, flange and X-ray image intensifier |
| CN115464245A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-13 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for twinning induced high-plasticity steel and application thereof |
| CN115464245B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-03-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for twinning induced high-plasticity steel and application thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN103785939B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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