CN103779873B - A kind of hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set - Google Patents
A kind of hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set Download PDFInfo
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- CN103779873B CN103779873B CN201410015144.4A CN201410015144A CN103779873B CN 103779873 B CN103779873 B CN 103779873B CN 201410015144 A CN201410015144 A CN 201410015144A CN 103779873 B CN103779873 B CN 103779873B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set, when grid voltage sags, rotational speed governor realizes variable displacement motor swinging angle control, and the high-pressure of hydraulic system is reduced rapidly, thus increase the rotating speed of constant displacement pump, with this, dump power is stored into wind wheel; When wind wheel storage power reaches set point, power controller control ratio throttle valve opening, is converted into heat energy by system excess energy.In system, controlled variable comprises proportional throttle valve control signal and variable displacement motor swash plate swinging angle control signal.The present invention adopts dual variation method strategy, and control system has two controlled variables, both cooperation control; Propose two control variables control method for coordinating and energy distribution scheme; Increase ratio throttling unit, whole system is responded and accelerates, the many adjustable parameters of simultaneity factor, make control more flexible.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, relate to the main transmission of hydraulic wind-driven generator, traditional gearbox drive system and direct-drive type drive system is replaced, particularly a kind of hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set by hydraulic transmission equipment and hydraulic control system.
Background technology
Wind energy resources is clean regenerative resource, does not consume any fuel, does not also produce carbon dioxide, free from environmental pollution.Wind power generation is one of the most ripe, the on the largest scale exploit condition of new energy technology and the generation mode having commercialized development prospect.A lot of country in the world, especially developed country, recognized wind-powered electricity generation readjusting the energy structure, alleviate the sides such as environmental pollution and importance, give great attention to the exploitation of wind-powered electricity generation.
Produce till now from wind energy conversion system, wind energy conversion system drive system experienced by gear-box type, direct-drive type and incipient hydraulic three kinds of type of belt drive in recent years.
At present, gear-box type wind turbine generator due to time of occurrence long, technology relative maturity, is widely used.It mainly comprises the parts such as wind wheel, gear box, generator, rectifier and inverter, and gear box is its key components and parts, is input as the slow-speed of revolution of wind wheel, exports the high rotating speed into generator, and both have stable speed increasing ratio.The generator of current gear-box type wind turbine generator generally adopts double-fed asynchronous generator, and wind turbine generator realizes variable speed constant frequency by control rectification, alternation system.
Direct-drive aerogenerator group omits gear box, and wind wheel is directly connected with generator, and generator is connected with electrical network by rectifier, inverter etc.Because wind speed round is lower, require that the generator directly connected can normally run at the low rotational speed, generator number of poles is more, and volume is large, and weight is large, and the electronic control method realizing frequency conversion constant speed is complicated.
Hydraulic wind turbine generator adopts constant displacement pump-variable displacement motor closed hydraulic loop, wind wheel is connected with constant displacement pump, variable displacement motor is connected with generator, hydraulic system is adopted to replace gear box, being rigidly connected wind wheel and generator to be converted into and flexibly connecting, at wind speed in the comparatively large and violent situation of fluctuations in wind speed, there is good damping buffering effect, effectively extend unit durability.Comprehensive detection analyzes wind speed round, wind speed and constant displacement pump rate of discharge, and the pivot angle of control variables motor, makes motor operate at 1500r/min all the time, and the electric energy frequency that 4 pole synchronous generators are transported to electrical network is 50Hz, meets mains frequency requirement.
The same with other wind-driven generators, hydraulic wind turbine generator needs to possess low voltage ride-through capability, namely, when electric network fault or disturbance cause the Voltage Drop of wind farm grid-connected point, in the scope that certain voltage is fallen, Wind turbines can uninterruptedly be incorporated into the power networks.And provide certain reactive power to electrical network, and support power system restoration, until power system restoration is normal, thus " passing through " this low-voltage time (region).
China proposes Wind turbines and wind energy turbine set low voltage crossing process and explicitly calls for: the Wind turbines 1) in wind energy turbine set has the low voltage ride-through capability of the 625ms that can to keep when grid-connected point voltage falls to 20% rated voltage being incorporated into the power networks; 2), when wind farm grid-connected point voltage can return to 90% of rated voltage after falling in 3s, the Wind turbines in wind energy turbine set keeps being incorporated into the power networks.For still not possessing low voltage ride-through capability and the wind energy turbine set put into operation at present, Transformation of Unit work should be actively developed, to possess low voltage ride-through capability; 3) to the wind energy turbine set not cutting out electrical network between age at failure, its active power is fast quick-recovery after failure removal, returns to the value before fault with the power variation rate of at least 10% rated power/second.
At present, hydraulic low voltage cross-over of wind generator set control technology state of development:
In Chinese patent CN200980136335.3, the turbine speed control system of ChapDrive company of Norway research and development, adopt constant displacement pump-variable displacement motor closed type hydraulic system, control system adopts turbine rotor rotary speed feedback control loop and pressure feedback control ring, respectively by tach signal and pressure signal setting variable displacement motor discharge capacity, effectively realize low voltage crossing and control.And its control variables only has motor pivot angle, adjustable parameter is less, controls underaction.
In European patent EP 2481917A1A, ChapDrive company of Norway proposes a kind of hydraulic low voltage cross-over of wind generator set control system.This system comprises control unit and a flow control valve be connected across between pressure duct and low pressure line, the voltage of electrical network is sent to control unit, flow control valve is Received signal strength from control unit, and then control pressure duct and flow to the fluid of low pressure line, finally realize low voltage crossing.There are variable displacement motor pivot angle and flow control valve two control variables in the method, controls more flexible, but do not set forth two control variables control method for coordinating and energy distribution scheme in control procedure.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set, when causing line voltage transient state to be fallen for electrical grid failure, system is controlled.This control method possesses the ensuring smooth transmission of conventional hydraulic type wind turbine generator, advantage that reliability is high, avoids the shortcoming that its control variables is single simultaneously.
In order to the technical problem solving above-mentioned existence realizes goal of the invention, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set, the hydraulic system hardware configuration realizing this control method comprises wind wheel 1, first torque and speed sensors 2, constant displacement pump 3, pressure duct 4, first unidirectional valve 5, first pressure sensor 6, proportional throttle valve 7, second pressure sensor 8, flow sensor 9, safety valve 10, variable displacement motor 11, second torque and speed sensors 12, generator 13, multifunction instrument 14, electrical network 15, slippage pump 16, overflow valve 17, fuel tank 18, second unidirectional valve 19, low pressure line 20, air velocity transducer 21, element and the devices such as power controller 22 and rotational speed governor 23,
Wind wheel 1 is directly coaxially connected with constant displacement pump 3, and on connecting axle, arrange the first torque and speed sensors 2, installs air velocity transducer 21 near wind wheel; Constant displacement pump 3 oil-in is from low pressure line 20 oil suction, force feed mouth exports hydraulic oil by pressure duct 4, pressure duct 4 to be connected proportional throttle valve 7, and pressure duct 4 before and after proportional throttle valve 7 arranges the first pressure sensor 6, second pressure sensor 8 and flow sensor 9 respectively; Safety valve 10 is connected across between pressure duct 4 and low pressure line 20, prevents pressure duct 4 from transshipping; Variable displacement motor 11 inlet port is connected with pressure duct 4, its oil drain out is connected with low pressure line 20, variable displacement motor 11 Driven by Coaxial generator 13 generates electricity, input electric energy is to electrical network 15, variable displacement motor 11 and generator 13 connecting axle install the second torque and speed sensors 12, and between electrical network 15 and generator 13, multifunction instrument 14 is installed; Slippage pump 16 inlet port is connected with fuel tank 18, its force feed mouth connects the first unidirectional valve 5 and the second unidirectional valve 19 respectively, and then be system repairing by high-low pressure pipeline, overflow valve 17 is connected across between slippage pump force feed mouth and fuel tank 18, for setting slippage pump outlet pressure; Power controller 22 input connects torque sensor 2, first pressure sensor 6, second pressure sensor 8, multifunction instrument 14 and air velocity transducer 21, and its output connects proportional throttle valve 7; Rotational speed governor 23 input connection traffic transducer 9, second torque and speed sensors 12 and multifunction instrument 14, its output link variable motor 11;
Control method comprises following content:
When grid voltage sags, first rotational speed governor 23 control variables motor 11 pivot angle: rotational speed governor 23 gathers generator 13 rotating speed by the second torque and speed sensors 12, flow sensor 9 gathers flow after throttling, multifunction instrument 14 gathers mains frequency, then rotational speed governor 23 exports control signal, realize variable displacement motor 11 swinging angle control, increase the discharge capacity of variable displacement motor 11, the high-pressure of hydraulic system is reduced rapidly, thus increase the rotating speed of constant displacement pump 3, with this, dump power is stored into wind wheel 1;
When wind wheel 1 storage power reaches set point, power controller 22 control ratio choke valve 7: first power controller 22 gathers wind speed by air velocity transducer 21, first torque and speed sensors 2 gathers wind speed round, after before first pressure sensor 6 gathers throttling, pressure, the second pressure sensor 8 gather throttling, pressure, multifunction instrument 14 gather generator 13 power, then power sensor 22 exports control signal, control ratio choke valve 7 aperture, is converted into heat energy by system excess energy;
The Collaborative Control of passing ratio choke valve 7 and variable displacement motor 11 pivot angle, final realization controls hydraulic system and generator 13 transient response, and implements reasonable distribution to excess energy in system, thus realizes low voltage crossing.
The proportional throttle valve that the present invention is controlled by power on constant displacement pump variable displacement motor loop and enclosed constant displacement pump variable displacement motor speed control system two part form, and make whole system have two controllable variable: proportional throttle valve 7 and variable displacement motor 11 pivot angle.
The present invention, when electrical grid failure causes line voltage transient state to be fallen, controls hydraulic system and generator transient response, and implements reasonable distribution to excess energy in system.Hydraulic system and generator transient control concrete grammar are: when electrical grid failure causes line voltage transient state to be fallen, by control variables motor pivot angle, realize variable displacement motor to mate with the dynamic torque of generator, ensure that generator connecting in parallel with system runs, finally realize low voltage crossing.Energy distribution principle is that variable displacement motor swinging angle control is preferential, under the prerequisite ensureing wind wheel energy storage limit, excess energy in system is stored into wind wheel, wind speed is predicted simultaneously, for wind speed round promotes reserved energy space, finally set wind wheel energy storage value, Conversion of Energy remaining in system is heat energy by the proportional throttle valve effect when wind wheel storage power reaches set point.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
1) there are two controlled variables, both coordinate mutually, control more flexible, avoid the limitation of single control object, be convenient in low voltage crossing process, to realize power control and rotating speed control simultaneously, guarantee the rapidity in low voltage crossing control procedure and reliability;
2) propose two control variables control method for coordinating and energy distribution scheme, be convenient to the distribution of energy in the concrete cooperation control of two controlled volumes and control procedure;
3) in hydraulic low voltage cross-over of wind generator set control system, increase proportional throttle valve, whole system is responded and accelerates, the many adjustable parameters of simultaneity factor, make control more flexible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents hydraulic principle of the present invention and hardware configuration system figure;
Fig. 2 represents control system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 represents control program figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 represents Conversion of Energy figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set, realize the hydraulic system of this control method as shown in Figure 1, its hardware configuration comprises wind wheel 1, first torque and speed sensors 2, constant displacement pump 3, pressure duct 4, first unidirectional valve 5, first pressure sensor 6, proportional throttle valve 7, second pressure sensor 8, flow sensor 9, safety valve 10, variable displacement motor 11, second torque and speed sensors 12, generator 13, multifunction instrument 14, electrical network 15, slippage pump 16, overflow valve 17, fuel tank 18, second unidirectional valve 19, low pressure line 20, air velocity transducer 21, power controller 22, rotational speed governor 23,
Wind wheel 1 is directly coaxially connected with constant displacement pump 3, and on connecting axle, arrange the first torque and speed sensors 2, installs air velocity transducer 21 near wind wheel; Constant displacement pump 3 oil-in is from low pressure line 20 oil suction, force feed mouth exports hydraulic oil by pressure duct 4, pressure duct 4 to be connected proportional throttle valve 7, and pressure duct 4 before and after proportional throttle valve 7 arranges the first pressure sensor 6, second pressure sensor 8 and flow sensor 9 respectively; Safety valve 10 is connected across between pressure duct 4 and low pressure line 20, prevents pressure duct 4 from transshipping; Variable displacement motor 11 inlet port is connected with pressure duct 4, its oil drain out is connected with low pressure line 20, variable displacement motor 11 Driven by Coaxial generator 13 generates electricity, input electric energy is to electrical network 15, variable displacement motor 11 and generator 13 connecting axle install the second torque and speed sensors 12, and between electrical network 15 and generator 13, multifunction instrument 14 is installed; Slippage pump 16 inlet port is connected with fuel tank 18, its force feed mouth connects the first unidirectional valve 5 and the second unidirectional valve 19 respectively, and then be system repairing by high-low pressure pipeline, overflow valve 17 is connected across between slippage pump force feed mouth and fuel tank 18, for setting slippage pump outlet pressure; Power controller 22 input connects torque sensor 2, first pressure sensor 6, second pressure sensor 8, multifunction instrument 14 and air velocity transducer 21, and its output connects proportional throttle valve 7; Rotational speed governor 23 input connection traffic transducer 9, second torque and speed sensors 12 and multifunction instrument 14, its output link variable motor 11;
When grid voltage sags, by above-mentioned hydraulic system and hardware configuration, adjustment variable displacement motor 11 pivot angle and proportional throttle valve 7 opening degree, be stored into wind wheel 1 with kinetic energy form on the one hand by the excess energy in system, heat energy is converted into, to realize low voltage crossing on the one hand by throttling.
It is control system schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 2.Wind mill wind wheel 1 drives constant displacement pump 3 to be hydraulic energy by wind energy transformation under wind-force effect, and control to be delivered to variable displacement motor 11 through proportional throttle valve 7, electric energy is inputted electrical network 15 by the generator 13 be directly connected with variable displacement motor 11.Concrete control procedure is as follows:
Rotational speed governor 23 control variables motor 11 pivot angle: first rotational speed governor 23 gathers generator 13 rotating speed by the second torque and speed sensors 12, flow sensor 9 gathers flow after throttling, multifunction instrument 14 gathers mains frequency, then rotational speed governor 23 exports control signal, realize variable displacement motor 11 swinging angle control, increase the discharge capacity of variable displacement motor 11, the high-pressure of hydraulic system is reduced rapidly, thus increase the rotating speed of constant displacement pump 3, with this, dump power is stored into wind wheel 1.
When wind wheel 1 storage power reaches set point, power controller 22 control ratio choke valve 7: first power controller 22 gathers wind speed by air velocity transducer 21, first torque and speed sensors 2 gathers wind wheel 1 rotating speed, after before first pressure sensor 6 gathers throttling, pressure, the second pressure sensor 8 gather throttling, pressure, multifunction instrument 14 gather generator 13 power, then power sensor 22 exports control signal, control ratio choke valve 7 aperture, is converted into heat energy by system excess energy.
Control program figure of the present invention shown in Fig. 3.When grid voltage sags, first rotational speed governor 23 control variables motor 11 pivot angle: rotational speed governor 23 gathers generator 13 rotating speed by the second fast torque sensor 12, flow sensor 9 gathers flow after throttling, multifunction instrument 14 gathers mains frequency, then rotational speed governor 23 exports control signal, realize variable displacement motor 11 swinging angle control, increase the discharge capacity of variable displacement motor 11, the high-pressure of hydraulic system is reduced rapidly, thus increase the rotating speed of constant displacement pump 3, with this, dump power is stored into wind wheel 1.
Further when wind wheel 1 storage power reaches set point, power controller 22 control ratio choke valve 7: first power controller 22 gathers wind speed by air velocity transducer 21, first torque and speed sensors 2 gathers wind wheel 1 rotating speed, after before first pressure sensor 6 gathers throttling, pressure, the second pressure sensor 8 gather throttling, pressure, multifunction instrument 14 gather generator 13 power, then power sensor 22 exports control signal, control ratio choke valve 7 aperture, is converted into heat energy by system excess energy.
The Collaborative Control of passing ratio choke valve 7 and variable displacement motor 11 pivot angle, final realization controls hydraulic system and generator 13 transient response, and implements reasonable distribution to excess energy in system, thus realizes low voltage crossing.
Conversion of Energy figure of the present invention shown in Fig. 4.When grid voltage sags, the electromagnetic power that generator 13 exports declines, and variable displacement motor 11 power output remains unchanged, now variable displacement motor 11 and the instantaneous raising of generator 13 rotating speed, produce dump energy, if do not controlled, each parameter all can reach secure setting and cause wind turbine generator off-grid to run.Adoption rate choke valve 7 of the present invention realizes low voltage crossing with variable displacement motor 11 pivot angle two ore control means.On the one hand, proportional throttle valve 7 acts on and dump energy is converted into throttling loss; On the one hand, adjustment variable displacement motor 11 pivot angle, increases the discharge capacity of variable displacement motor 11, the high-pressure of hydraulic system is reduced rapidly, thus increase the rotating speed of constant displacement pump 3, with this, dump power is stored into wind wheel 1, makes wind wheel 1 accelerate rotation and reach object dump power being stored in wind wheel 1.The active power that final reduction system exports, suppresses rotating speed of target fluctuation, makes generator 13 be stabilized in synchronous speed.When line voltage returns to 90% of rated voltage, again regulate proportional throttle valve 7 and variable displacement motor 11 pivot angle, the speed realizing the 10%/s rated power of generator 13 generated output is gone up, and completes LVRT Capability of Wind Turbine Generator function.
Protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can in essence of the present invention and protection range, and make various amendment or equivalent replacement to the present invention, this amendment or equivalent replacement also should be considered as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a hydraulic low voltage traversing control method of wind generator set, the hydraulic system hardware configuration realizing this control method comprises wind wheel (1), first torque and speed sensors (2), constant displacement pump (3), pressure duct (4), first unidirectional valve (5), first pressure sensor (6), proportional throttle valve (7), second pressure sensor (8), flow sensor (9), safety valve (10), variable displacement motor (11), second torque and speed sensors (12), generator (13), multifunction instrument (14), electrical network (15), slippage pump (16), overflow valve (17), fuel tank (18), second unidirectional valve (19), low pressure line (20), air velocity transducer (21), power controller (22) and rotational speed governor (23),
Wind wheel (1) is directly coaxially connected with constant displacement pump (3), and on connecting axle, arrange the first torque and speed sensors (2), installs air velocity transducer (21) near wind wheel; Constant displacement pump (3) oil-in is from low pressure line (20) oil suction, force feed mouth exports hydraulic oil by pressure duct (4), pressure duct (4) to be connected proportional throttle valve (7), and arrange the first pressure sensor (6), the second pressure sensor (8) and flow sensor (9) respectively on the pressure duct (4) before and after proportional throttle valve (7); Safety valve (10) is connected across between pressure duct (4) and low pressure line (20), prevents pressure duct (4) from transshipping; Variable displacement motor (11) inlet port is connected with pressure duct (4), its oil drain out is connected with low pressure line (20), variable displacement motor (11) Driven by Coaxial generator (13) generates electricity, input electric energy is to electrical network (15), variable displacement motor (11) and generator (13) connecting axle install the second torque and speed sensors (12), and between electrical network (15) and generator (13), multifunction instrument (14) is installed; Slippage pump (16) inlet port is connected with fuel tank (18), its force feed mouth connects the first unidirectional valve (5) and the second unidirectional valve (19) respectively, and then be system repairing by high-low pressure pipeline, overflow valve (17) is connected across between slippage pump force feed mouth and fuel tank (18), for setting slippage pump outlet pressure; Power controller (22) input connects the first torque sensor (2), the first pressure sensor (6), the second pressure sensor (8), multifunction instrument (14) and air velocity transducer (21), and its output connects proportional throttle valve (7); Rotational speed governor (23) input connection traffic transducer (9), the second torque and speed sensors (12) and multifunction instrument (14), its output link variable motor (11);
It is characterized in that: this control method comprises following content:
When grid voltage sags, first rotational speed governor (23) control variables motor (11) pivot angle: rotational speed governor (23) gathers generator speed by the second torque and speed sensors (12), flow after flow sensor (9) collection throttling, multifunction instrument (14) gathers mains frequency, then rotational speed governor (23) exports control signal, realize variable displacement motor (11) swinging angle control, increase the discharge capacity of variable displacement motor (11), the high-pressure of hydraulic system is reduced rapidly, thus increase the rotating speed of constant displacement pump (3), with this, dump power is stored into wind wheel,
When wind wheel storage power reaches set point, power controller (22) control ratio choke valve (7): first power controller (22) gathers wind speed by air velocity transducer (21), first torque and speed sensors (2) gathers wind speed round, pressure before first pressure sensor (6) collection throttling, pressure after second pressure sensor (8) collection throttling, multifunction instrument (14) gathers generator power, then power controller (22) exports control signal, control ratio throttle valve opening, system excess energy is converted into heat energy,
The Collaborative Control of passing ratio choke valve and variable displacement motor pivot angle, final realization controls hydraulic system and generator transient response, and implements reasonable distribution to excess energy in system, thus realizes low voltage crossing.
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| CN104234939B (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2017-08-29 | 燕山大学 | A kind of energy storage type hydraulic wind power generating set |
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| CN111541282B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-05-03 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 | Low voltage ride through method and device for water supply pump steam turbine power generation system |
| CN111997837B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-10-18 | 燕山大学 | Hydraulic wind turbine generator power active control system and active control method thereof |
| DE102021001733A1 (en) * | 2021-04-03 | 2022-10-06 | Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh | contraption |
| CN113638842A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-12 | 南京工程学院 | High voltage ride through control system and control method of energy storage type hydraulic wind turbine generator |
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