CN103776567A - Pressure sensing cable based on frictional electricity - Google Patents
Pressure sensing cable based on frictional electricity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103776567A CN103776567A CN201210402293.7A CN201210402293A CN103776567A CN 103776567 A CN103776567 A CN 103776567A CN 201210402293 A CN201210402293 A CN 201210402293A CN 103776567 A CN103776567 A CN 103776567A
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/10—Contact cables, i.e. having conductors which may be brought into contact by distortion of the cable
- H01B7/104—Contact cables, i.e. having conductors which may be brought into contact by distortion of the cable responsive to pressure
- H01B7/106—Contact cables, i.e. having conductors which may be brought into contact by distortion of the cable responsive to pressure comprising concentric conductors
Abstract
The invention provides a pressure sensing cable based on frictional electricity. The pressure sensing cable comprises a first electrode core, a cavity, a first polymer insulation layer and a second electrode layer which are coaxially arranged in sequence. The cavity is provided with a second polymer spacer. The first electrode core and the second electrode layer are voltage and current output electrodes of a friction generator. A voltage signal which is in direct proportion to the pressure applied to the pressure sensing cable is generated through the friction between polymer and polymer or the friction between polymer and metal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pressure sensitive cable, especially relate to a kind of based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction.
Background technology
Along with modern life level improves constantly, rhythm of life is constantly accelerated, and has occurred convenient, low to the environment dependency degree self power generation equipment of application.Existing self power generation equipment utilizes the piezoelectric property of material conventionally.For example 2006, the professor Wang Zhonglin of the georgia ,u.s.a Institute of Technology etc. successfully converted mechanical energy to electric energy within the scope of nanoscale, developed minimum in the world generator-nano generator.The ultimate principle of nano generator is: when nano wire (NWs) when dynamic tensile, generates piezoelectricity electromotive force under external force in nano wire, corresponding transient current flows with balance Fermi level at two ends.
Conventional piezoelectric sensor is flat thin membranous type, in recent years with application demand, has occurred piezoelectric cable.Piezoelectric cable adopts coaxial design, in the time that piezoelectric cable is compressed or stretch, piezoelectric effect can occur, thereby produces the electric charge or the voltage signal that are proportional to pressure, so that operating voltage to be provided.Piezoelectric sensor is the sensor that utilizes the piezoelectric effect of the stressed rear generation of piezoelectric to make, and has been widely used in the various fields such as acoustics, medical treatment, industry, traffic, security protection, just progressively changes people's live and work mode, becomes the trend of social development.
Between object and object, mutually rub, will make negative electricity on side's band, the opposing party becomes positively charged, because fricative electricity between object is friction electricity.Friction electricity is one of modal phenomenon of nature, but utilizes and be left in the basket because be difficult to collection.If friction electricity can be applied in pressure sensitive cable, bring more facility will certainly to people's life.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, under stress condition, by friction or polymkeric substance between polymkeric substance and polymkeric substance and intermetallic friction, produce the voltage signal that is directly proportional to the pressure being applied on pressure sensitive cable, have that production technology is simple, highly sensitive, a feature of fast response time, long service life.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the first technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, this piezoelectric cable comprises coaxial the first electrode cores, cavity, the first polymer insulation layer and the second electrode lay arranging successively; Wherein in cavity, be provided with the second polymkeric substance sept; Described the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay are triboelectricity machine voltage and current output electrode.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second polymkeric substance sept is the second polymer insulation layer, is arranged on the first electrode cores surface.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, the thickness of described the second polymer insulation layer is that 300nm is to 1 μ m.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the first polymer insulation layer material therefor is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second polymer insulation layer material therefor is different from the first polymer insulation layer, be selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, on at least one face in described the first polymer insulation layer and the second polymer insulation layer apparent surface, be provided with nanoscale to micron-sized micro-nano concaveconvex structure, preferably the nano concavo-convex structure of height of projection 50nm-300nm.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second polymkeric substance sept is arranged on the polymkeric substance dot interlace in cavity, and described dot interlace height of projection is 100nm-1 μ m.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, in unit area, dot interlace quantity is 2 × 10
4individual/m
2to 2 × 10
7individual/m
2.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described dot interlace material therefor is polymkeric substance, and different from the first polymer insulation layer material therefor.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described dot interlace material therefor is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described dot interlace is arranged on the first electrode cores surface.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second polymkeric substance sept is to be wrapped in the lip-deep polymer line of the first electrode cores, and the diameter of preferred described polymer line is that 500nm is to 2 μ m.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described polymer line is 0.1 μ m in the lip-deep winding spacing of the first electrode cores preferably 1 μ m is to 5 μ m) to 5 μ m(.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described polymer line material therefor is different from the first polymer insulation layer.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described polymer line material therefor is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the first electrode cores is single cored structure.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the first electrode cores is the multicore structure be arrangeding in parallel.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the first electrode cores is to be wound around the multicore structure arranging.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the first electrode cores material therefor is metal or alloy, and wherein metal is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, aldary, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungalloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the first electrode cores material therefor is polymkeric substance, glass or the fiber that surface is provided with conductive layer.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described conductive layer is indium tin oxide film, graphene film, nano silver wire film or metal film, and wherein said metal film metal material used is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium.
Aforesaid based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second electrode lay material therefor is selected from indium tin oxide, Graphene electrodes, nano silver wire film, and metal or alloy, wherein metal is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, aldary, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungalloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
Be under pressure when the present invention is based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, produce the electric charge or the voltage signal that are proportional to pressure.The present invention is based on that the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction has that production technology is simple, highly sensitive, the feature of fast response time, long service life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 pressure sensitive cable;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Fig. 3 pressure sensitive cable;
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic cross-section based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of Fig. 5 pressure sensitive cable;
Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic cross-section based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of Fig. 7 pressure sensitive cable.
Embodiment
For fully understanding object, feature and effect of the present invention, by following concrete embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
The present invention is based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, when cable is under pressure, generation is proportional to electric charge or the voltage signal of pressure, therefore can measure the speed of a motor vehicle and car weight as traffic axial pressure sensor, detect existence/occupation rate as cable switch, as contact microphone monitoring vital signs and circumference safety.
Embodiment based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, this piezoelectric cable comprises coaxial the first electrode cores, cavity, the first polymer insulation layer and the second electrode lay arranging successively; Wherein, when described pressure sensitive cable stretches naturally, the first polymer insulation layer and the first electrode cores are spaced apart by cavity; When the stressed bending of described pressure sensitive cable, the first polymer insulation layer and the first electrode cores contact friction; Described the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay are triboelectricity machine voltage and current output electrode.
When based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction stressed bending, the first polymer insulation layer and the first electrode cores contact friction produce static charge, the generation of static charge can make the electric capacity between the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay change, thereby causes occurring electric potential difference between the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay.Due to the existence of electric potential difference between the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay, free electron by by external circuit by the low effluent of electromotive force to the high side of electromotive force, thereby in external circuit, form electric current.In the time returning to state of nature based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, at this moment the built-in potential being formed between the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay disappears, now between Balanced the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay, will again produce reverse electric potential difference, free electron forms inverse current by external circuit.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, just can in external circuit, form periodic ac signal.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of embodiment based on the electric pressure sensitive cable 1 of friction, this piezoelectric cable comprises coaxial the first electrode cores 11, cavity 12, the first polymer insulation layer 13 and the second electrode lay 14 arranging successively; Wherein in cavity 12, be provided with the second polymkeric substance sept (not shown); Described the first electrode cores 11 and the second electrode lay 14 are triboelectricity machine voltage and current output electrode.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2 based on the electric pressure sensitive cable 1 of friction, the first polymer insulation layer 13 material therefors can be selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
The second electrode lay 14 material therefors are selected from indium tin oxide, Graphene electrodes, nano silver wire film, and metal or alloy, and wherein metal is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, aldary, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungalloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
In pressure sensitive cable 1 as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the first electrode cores 11 is single cored structures.The first electrode cores 11 material therefors can be metal or alloy, and wherein metal can be but be not limited to be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy can be but be not limited to be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, aldary, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungalloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
One preferred embodiment in, the first electrode cores 11 material therefors can also be polymkeric substance, glass or the fibers that surface is provided with conductive layer.Polymkeric substance described here is identical with the first polymer insulation layer material therefor.Described glass refers to various take silicon dioxide as basic glass material, includes the glass of different purposes and function.Described fiber comprises various vegetable fibres, animal origin, regenerated fiber, fabric fibre, cellulose fibre, as cotton, kapok, flax, ramie, jute, bamboo fibre, sisal hemp, abaca, sheep's wool, cashmere, camel hair, the rabbit hair, mohair yarn, silk, viscose fiber, acetate fiber, CUP, dacron (terylene), polyamide fibre (polyamide fibre or nylon), vinal (polyvinyl), polyacrylonitrile fibre (acrylic fibers), mekralon (polypropylene fibre), polyvinyl chloride fibre (polyvinyl chloride fibre) etc.
Conductive layer can be to adopt the method for conventional magnetron sputtering or evaporation to be arranged on indium tin oxide film, graphene film, nano silver wire film or the metal film on polymkeric substance, glass or fiber surface, and wherein said metal film metal material used can be but be not limited to be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in a preferred implementation, pressure sensitive cable 2 comprises coaxial the first electrode cores 21, cavity 22, the first polymer insulation layer 23 and the second electrode lay 24 arranging successively, and wherein the first electrode cores 21 is the multicore structures that be arranged in parallel.The first electrode cores 21, the first polymer insulation layer 23 and the second electrode lay 24 material therefors are identical with the cable of pressure sensitive shown in Fig. 11 material therefor, repeat no more here.In another preferred implementation, the first electrode cores 21 can also be to be wound around the multicore structure arranging.
Each electrode cores of the first electrode cores 21 can be selected different materials, thereby can export different signals, also can add different functions.For example plating on glass optical fiber, this optical fiber both can also can be exported electrical signal by transmission optics signal so.
As illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, in a preferred implementation, pressure sensitive cable 3 comprises coaxial the first electrode cores 31, cavity 32, the first polymer insulation layer 33 and the second electrode lay 34 arranging successively, in its cavity 32, is provided with dot interlace 35.Preferably, dot interlace height of projection is 100 nanometer-1 micron, is arranged on the first electrode cores 31 surfaces upper, and in unit area, dot interlace quantity is 2 × 10
4individual/m
2to 2 × 10
7individual/m
2.For example adopt conventional commercially available conducting resinl that dot interlace 35 is bonded on the first electrode cores 31 surfaces.The first electrode cores 31, the first polymer insulation layer 33 and the second electrode lay 34 material therefors are identical with the cable of pressure sensitive shown in Fig. 11 material therefor, repeat no more here.
Preferably polymkeric substance of described dot interlace 35 material therefors, and different from the first polymer insulation layer 33 material therefors.Described dot interlace material therefor can be selected from but be not limited to is Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
In another preferred implementation, pressure sensitive cable comprises coaxial the first electrode cores, cavity, the first polymer insulation layer and the second electrode lay arranging successively, in its cavity, be provided with a determining deviation and be wrapped in the lip-deep polymer line of the first electrode cores, for example described polymer line is that 0.1 μ m is to 5 μ m in the lip-deep winding spacing of the first electrode cores.The diameter of common described polymer line is that 500nm is to 2 μ m.
Polymer line material therefor is different from the first polymer insulation layer.Polymer line material therefor is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
The setting of dot interlace 35 and polymer line can make pressure sensitive cable in the time of natural extended configuration, effectively isolates the first polymeric layer and the first electrode cores.Select in addition the polymkeric substance effective with the first polymeric layer electrification by friction, contribute to the electrification by friction of pressure sensitive cable.
In another preferred implementation, pressure sensitive cable comprises coaxial the first electrode cores, cavity, the first polymer insulation layer and the second electrode lay arranging successively, on the surface of relative the first electrode cores of the first polymer insulation layer, be provided with nanoscale to micron-sized micro-nano concaveconvex structure, preferably the nano concavo-convex structure (not shown) of height of projection 50nm-300nm.
The roughness of friction surface can exert an influence to the output of voltage and current, and in unit area, the thickness of the size of dot interlace, quantity and polymkeric substance and the spacing of winding all can exert an influence to the output character of electric energy.While adopting in the present invention dot interlace as the second polymkeric substance sept, preferred dot interlace height of projection is 100 nanometer-1 micron, and in unit area, dot interlace quantity is 2 × 10
4individual/m
2to 2 × 10
7individual/m
2.High cost in the time that dot interlace height of projection (particle diameter) is less than 100 nanometer, in the time that dot interlace height of projection (particle diameter) is greater than 1 micron, voltage, current signal can reduce rapidly.While adopting in the present invention polymer line as the second polymkeric substance sept, the diameter of preferred polymer line be 500nm to 2 μ m, the winding spacing of polymer line be 0.1 μ m to 5 μ m, more preferably 1 μ m is to 5 μ m.When polymer line diameter is greater than 2 μ m, when winding spacing exceedes 5 μ m, voltage, current signal can reduce rapidly.
As shown in FIG. 7 and 8, a kind of embodiment based on the electric pressure sensitive cable 4 of friction, this piezoelectric cable comprises coaxial the first electrode cores 41, cavity 42, the first polymer insulation layer 43 and the second electrode lay 44 arranging successively.This piezoelectric cable 4 further comprises the second polymer insulation layer 45, is arranged between the first electrode cores 41 and cavity 42; Wherein, when described pressure sensitive cable 4 stretches naturally, the first polymer insulation layer 43 and the second polymer insulation layer 45 are spaced apart by cavity 42; When the stressed bending of described pressure sensitive cable 4, the first polymer insulation layer 43 and the second polymer insulation layer 45 contact frictions.Described the first electrode cores 41 and the second electrode lay 44 are triboelectricity machine voltage and current output electrode.
The first electrode cores 41, the first polymer insulation layer 43 and the second electrode lay 44 material therefors are identical with the cable of pressure sensitive shown in Fig. 11 material therefor, repeat no more here.
The thickness of described the second polymer insulation layer is that 300nm is to 1 μ m.Described the second polymer insulation layer material therefor is different from the first polymer insulation layer, can be selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
One preferred embodiment in, on at least one face in the first polymer insulation layer 43 and the second polymer insulation layer 45 apparent surfaces, be provided with nanoscale to micron-sized micro-nano concaveconvex structure, preferably the nano concavo-convex structure (not shown) of height of projection 50nm-300nm.
Micro-nano concaveconvex structure can adopt several different methods to be prepared, for example, with the silicon template compacting that has ad hoc rules bulge-structure, use the metal with roughness of sand papering as template and additive method.Describe a kind of preparation method of micro-nano concaveconvex structure below in detail.
S1 makes silicon template.Silicon chip is made to regular figure by the method for photoetching on surface.Carry out the technique anisotropic etching of wet etching for the silicon chip of figure, can carve the rectangular pyramid array structure of spill, or also can carve with the dry technique isotropic etching of carving the cube array structure of spill.Carve good template afterwards and clean up with acetone and isopropyl alcohol, then all templates are all carried out the processing of surface silicon alkanisation in the atmosphere of trimethyl chlorosilane, and the silicon template of handling well is stand-by.
S2 makes the polymer membrane with micro-nano relief structured surface.First polymer paste is coated on to silicon template surface, vacuum outgas, removes potpourri unnecessary silicon chip surface by the mode of rotary coating, forms the polymeric liquid film of thin layer.Whole template is solidified, then peel off, obtain having uniformly the polymer film of specific microstructure array.
In actual applications, the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction are connected respectively on detector, in the time that cable is under pressure, the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay produce the electric field that is proportional to pressure, just can measure the voltage signal that is proportional to pressure like this by detector.The detector that the present invention can apply is conventional commercially available detector.
According to above-mentioned principle, the present invention is based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction and can be used as traffic axle sensor, detect existence/occupation rate as piezoelectric cable switch, as contact microphone monitoring vital signs and circumference safety.For example, as traffic axle sensor, when tire is when the cable, produce the voltage signal being directly proportional to the pressure being applied on sensor, and output cycle and tire to rest on time on sensor identical, in the time of a tire process sensor, sensor can produce a new electronic impulse.Two sensors are installed on track, and tire starts electronic clock when first sensor, and tire starts electronic clock during through second sensor and stops clock, has obtained the time cycle; Distance between known sensor, has so just obtained the speed of a motor vehicle.
Set forth the enforcement of method of the present invention below by specific embodiment, one skilled in the art will appreciate that this should not be understood to the restriction to the claims in the present invention scope.
Pressure sensitive cable 3 as shown in Figure 5, diameter is 1.6mm.Select purity 99.5%, the industrial aluminum of diameter 1.5mm is as the first electrode cores 31.
Effective work the first polymer insulation layer 33 of polymethylmethacrylate of commercial diameter 1.6mm.The polyethylene terephthalate particle of commercial diameter 200nm is as dot interlace 35, adopt conducting resinl by polyethylene terephthalate particle according to 2 × 10
7individual/m
2be bonded on the surface of the first electrode cores 31, then, by coaxial the first electrode cores 31 polymethylmethacrylate pipe of putting into, form cavity 32, then edge seals with common rubberized fabric adhere.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) magnetic control sputtering plating, to polymethylmethacrylate tube outer surface, is formed to the second electrode lay 34, obtain pressure sensitive cable 1#.
The test of voltage and current adopts respectively the U.S. SR560 of stanford company voltage prime amplifier and SR 570 galvo-preamplifiers.Wherein when test voltage, due to electric organ export-restriction, adopt the mode of multiple same resistance dividing potential drops, survey the voltage of one of them resistance, be finally multiplied by resistance number and obtain the total output voltage of generator.
The stepper motor of life cycle vibration (0.33Hz and 0.13% deformation) makes the bending of pressure sensitive cable 1# generating period and discharges, and the maximum output voltage of pressure sensitive cable 1# and current signal have reached respectively 30V and 10 μ A.
Embodiment 2
Pressure sensitive cable 3 as shown in Figure 5, diameter is 1.6mm.Select purity 99.5%, the industrial aluminum of diameter 1.5mm is as the first electrode cores 31.
Effective work the first polymer insulation layer 33 of polymethylmethacrylate of commercial diameter 1.6mm.The polyethylene terephthalate particle of commercial diameter 1 μ m is as dot interlace 35, adopt conducting resinl by polyethylene terephthalate particle according to 2 × 10
5individual/m
2be bonded on the surface of the first electrode cores 31, then, by coaxial the first electrode cores 31 polymethylmethacrylate pipe of putting into, form cavity 32, then edge seals with common rubberized fabric adhere.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) magnetic control sputtering plating, to polymethylmethacrylate tube outer surface, is formed to the second electrode lay 34, obtain pressure sensitive cable 2#.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, the maximum output voltage and the current signal that record sample 2# have reached respectively 12V and 3 μ A.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment structure is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is, the optical fiber of selecting the surface of three diameter 1mm to be coated with metallic gold be arranged in parallel, as the first electrode cores.Adopt conducting resinl by polyethylene terephthalate particle according to 2 × 10
4individual/m
2be bonded on the surface of the first electrode cores 31, then adopt the preparation method that other steps are identical with embodiment 1 to obtain pressure sensitive cable 3#.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, the maximum output voltage and the current signal that record sample 3# have reached respectively 18V and 6 μ A.
This induction cable 3# can conduct optical signalling.
The present embodiment pressure sensitive cable size is 1.6mm.Select purity 99.5%, the standard copper of diameter 1.5mm is as the first electrode cores.
The polyimide tube of commercial diameter 1.6mm is as the first polymer insulation layer.The polyethylene terephthalate line of commercial diameter 500nm, polyethylene terephthalate line is wrapped on the first electrode cores surface take spacing as 1 μ m, then by the polyimide tube of putting into coaxial the first electrode cores, form cavity, then edge seals with common rubberized fabric adhere.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) magnetic control sputtering plating, to polyimide tube outer surface, is formed to the second electrode lay, obtain pressure sensitive cable 4#.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, record maximum output voltage and current signal and reached respectively 35V and 12 μ A.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment pressure sensitive cable size is 1.6mm.Select purity 99.5%, the standard copper of diameter 1.5mm is as the first electrode cores.
The polyimide tube of commercial diameter 1.6mm is as the first polymer insulation layer.The polyethylene terephthalate line of commercial diameter 2 μ m, polyethylene terephthalate line is wrapped on the first electrode cores surface take spacing as 5 μ m, then by the polyimide tube of putting into coaxial the first electrode cores, form cavity, then edge seals with common rubberized fabric adhere.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) magnetic control sputtering plating, to polyimide tube outer surface, is formed to the second electrode lay, obtain pressure sensitive cable 5#.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, record maximum output voltage and current signal and reached respectively 18V and 5 μ A.
Embodiment 6
Pressure sensitive cable 4 diameters are 2.2mm as shown in Figure 7.Select purity 99.5%, the industrial aluminum of diameter 1.5mm is as the first electrode cores 41.The micro-nano concaveconvex structure of height of projection 150nm is set on a surface of the pet film of thickness 0.25mm, then pet film is set to the first electrode cores 41 surfaces upper, forming thickness is the second polymer layer 45 of 500nm.
Effective work the first polymer insulation layer 43 of polymethylmethacrylate of commercial diameter 2.2mm.By the polymethylmethacrylate pipe of putting into coaxial the first electrode cores 41, form cavity 42, then edge seals with common rubberized fabric adhere.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) magnetic control sputtering plating, to polymethylmethacrylate tube outer surface, is formed to the second electrode lay 44, obtain pressure sensitive cable 6#.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, record maximum output voltage and current signal and reached respectively 3V and 1 μ A.
Embodiment 7
Select purity 99.5%, the industrial aluminum of diameter 1.5mm is as the first electrode cores.Effective work the first polymer insulation layer of polymethylmethacrylate of commercial diameter 1.6mm.By the polymethylmethacrylate pipe of putting into coaxial the first electrode cores and form cavity, then edge seals with common rubberized fabric adhere.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) magnetic control sputtering plating, to polymethylmethacrylate tube outer surface, is formed to the second electrode lay, obtain pressure sensitive cable 7#.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, record maximum output voltage and current signal and reached respectively 5V and 2 μ A.
Of the present invention based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, under stress condition, by friction or polymkeric substance between polymkeric substance and polymkeric substance and intermetallic friction, can produce the voltage signal being directly proportional to the pressure being applied on pressure sensitive cable, have that production technology is simple, highly sensitive, a feature of fast response time, long service life.
Claims (22)
1. based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, this piezoelectric cable comprises coaxial the first electrode cores, cavity, the first polymer insulation layer and the second electrode lay arranging successively; Wherein in cavity, be provided with the second polymkeric substance sept;
Described the first electrode cores and the second electrode lay are triboelectricity machine voltage and current output electrode.
2. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second polymkeric substance sept is the second polymer insulation layer, is arranged on the first electrode cores surface.
3. according to claim 2ly it is characterized in that based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, the thickness of described the second polymer insulation layer is that 300nm is to 1 μ m.
According to described in claim 1-3 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described the first polymer insulation layer material therefor is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
5. according to claim 4ly it is characterized in that based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second polymer insulation layer material therefor is different from the first polymer insulation layer, is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
6. according to claim 5 based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, on at least one face in described the first polymer insulation layer and the second polymer insulation layer apparent surface, be provided with nanoscale to micron-sized micro-nano concaveconvex structure, preferably the nano concavo-convex structure of height of projection 50nm-300nm.
7. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, described the second polymkeric substance sept is arranged on the polymkeric substance dot interlace in cavity, described dot interlace height of projection be the preferred 200nm-1 μ of 100nm-1 μ m(m).
8. according to claim 7ly it is characterized in that based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, in unit area, dot interlace quantity is 2 × 10
4individual/m
2to 2 × 10
7individual/m
2.
According to described in claim 7 or 8 based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described dot interlace material therefor is polymkeric substance, and different from the first polymer insulation layer material therefor.
10. according to claim 9 based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described dot interlace material therefor is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
11. according to described in claim 6-10 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described dot interlace is arranged on the first electrode cores surface.
12. according to claim 1ly is characterized in that based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, and described the second polymkeric substance sept is to be wrapped in the lip-deep polymer line of the first electrode cores, and the diameter of described polymer line is that 500nm is to 2 μ m.
13. according to claim 12ly is characterized in that based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, and described polymer line is 0.1 μ m in the lip-deep winding spacing of the first electrode cores preferably 1 μ m is to 5 μ m) to 5 μ m(.
14. according to described in claim 12 or 13 based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described polymer line material therefor is different from the first polymer insulation layer.
15. is according to claim 14 based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described polymer line material therefor is selected from Kapton, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyglycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, regenerated fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensed polymer film, neoprene film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, any one in vinyl cyanide vinyl chloride copolymer film.
16. according to described in claim 1-15 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described the first electrode cores is single cored structure.
17. according to described in claim 1-15 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described the first electrode cores is the multicore structure be arrangeding in parallel.
18. according to described in claim 1-15 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described the first electrode cores is to be wound around the multicore structure arranging.
19. according to described in claim 1-18 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described the first electrode cores material therefor is metal or alloy, and wherein metal is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, aldary, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungalloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
20. according to described in claim 1-18 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described the first electrode cores material therefor is polymkeric substance, glass or the fiber that surface is provided with conductive layer.
21. is according to claim 20 based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described conductive layer is indium tin oxide film, graphene film, nano silver wire film or metal film, and wherein said metal film metal material used is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium.
22. according to described in claim 1-21 any one based on the electric pressure sensitive cable of friction, it is characterized in that, described the second electrode lay material therefor is selected from indium tin oxide, Graphene electrodes, nano silver wire film, and metal or alloy, wherein metal is Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, aldary, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungalloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210402293.7A CN103776567B (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2012-10-19 | Pressure sensitive cable based on franklinic electricity |
| PCT/CN2013/079461 WO2014059807A1 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2013-07-16 | Triboelectricity-based pressure-sensitive cable |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210402293.7A CN103776567B (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2012-10-19 | Pressure sensitive cable based on franklinic electricity |
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| WO2015043226A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | Triboelectric pressure sensing cable and intelligent ground mat based on same |
| CN104811084A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-07-29 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | Friction generator, and touch pressure sensor and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104966571A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-10-07 | 江苏士林电气设备有限公司 | Novel tubular bus |
| WO2017197859A1 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-23 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Friction generator and manufacturing method therefor |
| WO2017219605A1 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Tubular friction nano-generator, and cloth and energy shoes using same |
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| CN104966571A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-10-07 | 江苏士林电气设备有限公司 | Novel tubular bus |
| WO2017197859A1 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-23 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Friction generator and manufacturing method therefor |
| US10756650B2 (en) | 2016-06-23 | 2020-08-25 | Beijing Institute Of Nanoenergy And Nanosystems | Tubular friction nanogenerator and cloth and energy shoe including the same |
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| KR102026170B1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-09-27 | 서강대학교산학협력단 | electrical energy harvester capable of measuring deformation and tactile force |
| CN107706300A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2018-02-16 | 张敬敏 | A kind of Exterior cable pressure detecting composite piezoelectric material and its manufacture method |
| CN107706300B (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2020-12-15 | 安徽华菱新材料科技有限公司 | Composite piezoelectric material for detecting external pressure of cable and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111512131A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-08-07 | 康蒂泰克振动控制有限公司 | Elastic support element |
| CN112577646A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-03-30 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Mutual inductor wiring forgetting-prevention alarm device |
| CN114285319A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-05 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Cable-shaped friction nano generator, sensor and underwater sensing method |
| CN114285319B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-02-02 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Cable-shaped friction nano generator, sensor and underwater sensing method |
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| WO2014059807A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
| CN103776567B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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