CN103774757B - A kind of T-shaped connector of X-shaped and manufacture craft thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种X形T型连接件，包括矩形腹板和X形翼缘板，X形翼缘板设有长对称轴和短对称轴，X形翼缘板的两侧设有螺栓孔，螺栓孔以长对称轴为中心对称设置，矩形腹板固定安装在X形翼缘板的长对称轴上，X形翼缘板中开有2n个耗能孔洞，以长对称轴为中心两两对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的n个耗能孔洞以短对称轴为中心布置，耗能孔洞的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的闭合曲线；耗能孔洞位于螺栓孔与矩形腹板之间，且耗能孔洞与矩形腹板之间的间距大于等于矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，螺栓孔至耗能孔洞的最小距离不应小于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度。以及提供一种X形T型连接件的制作工艺。本发明有效防止由应力集中产生的连接破坏、耗能能力和经济性良好。
An X-shaped T-shaped connector, comprising a rectangular web and an X-shaped flange plate, the X-shaped flange plate is provided with a long axis of symmetry and a short axis of symmetry, both sides of the X-shaped flange plate are provided with bolt holes, the bolt holes Set symmetrically around the long symmetry axis, the rectangular web is fixed on the long symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate, and there are 2n energy-dissipating holes in the X-shaped flange plate, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs with the long symmetry axis as the center , the n energy-dissipating holes located on the same side of the rectangular web are arranged centered on the short axis of symmetry, and the outer contour of the cross-section of the energy-dissipating holes is a closed curve with continuous smooth transition; the energy-dissipating holes are located between the bolt holes and the rectangular web , and the distance between the energy-dissipating hole and the rectangular web is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, and the minimum distance from the bolt hole to the energy-dissipating hole should not be less than 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange. And a manufacturing process of an X-shaped T-shaped connector is provided. The invention effectively prevents connection damage caused by stress concentration, and has good energy dissipation capacity and economic efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种建筑钢结构领域，尤其是一种T型连接件及其制作工艺。The invention relates to the field of building steel structures, in particular to a T-shaped connector and a manufacturing process thereof.
背景技术Background technique
目前，钢结构建筑在我国得到了普及和持续发展，钢结构广泛应用到了建筑、铁路、桥梁和住宅等方面。T型连接件作为一种重要的构件广泛应用于钢结构建筑中，这种连接件特别适用于高烈度地区的半刚性框架中。该种连接件一般由翼缘钢板和腹板通过焊接方式组合而成，形成T字型钢构件，一般翼缘板通过高强螺栓与钢框架柱或钢梁相连接，腹板通过焊接方式或者高强度螺栓与钢框架梁或支撑相连接。At present, steel structure buildings have been popularized and developed continuously in our country, and steel structures are widely used in buildings, railways, bridges and residences. As an important component, T-shaped connectors are widely used in steel structure buildings. This connector is especially suitable for semi-rigid frames in high-intensity areas. This kind of connector is generally composed of flange steel plates and webs through welding to form a T-shaped steel member. Generally, the flange plates are connected to steel frame columns or steel beams through high-strength bolts, and the webs are welded or high-strength. Bolts attach to steel frame beams or braces.
国内外相关研究表明，传统的矩形翼缘T形连接件在承受循环荷载时，T型连接件的翼缘板会因一小部分区域应力集中而形成塑性铰，且螺栓会出现较大应力集中。这种小区域内的应力集中，会导致T型连接件的刚度、强度和耗能能力的下降，连接件的这些应力集中的区域会首先遭到破坏，特别是翼缘和腹板焊接处容易最先出现裂纹，从而降低节点区的安全系数，进而给半刚性框架结构带来安全隐患；除了这些应力集中的区域外，其他区域基本处于弹性工作阶段，不能充分利用材料。为了改善上述问题可以采用较多的方法，常见的办法是增加T型连接件中钢板的厚度和加大螺栓的直径，但这种方法将产生较大的弊端，会加大材料成本、加工成本和运输成本，要求更高的焊缝质量，但是连接件的耗能性能并没得到有效的提高。Relevant studies at home and abroad have shown that when the traditional rectangular flange T-shaped connector is subjected to cyclic loads, the flange plate of the T-shaped connector will form a plastic hinge due to stress concentration in a small part of the area, and the bolts will have a large stress concentration . Stress concentration in this small area will lead to a decrease in the stiffness, strength and energy dissipation capacity of the T-shaped connector. These stress-concentrated areas of the connector will be damaged first, especially the flange and web welding. Cracks appear first, thereby reducing the safety factor of the node area, and then bringing safety hazards to the semi-rigid frame structure; except for these stress-concentrated areas, other areas are basically in the elastic working stage and cannot make full use of materials. In order to improve the above problems, many methods can be adopted. The common method is to increase the thickness of the steel plate in the T-shaped connector and increase the diameter of the bolt. And transportation costs require higher weld quality, but the energy dissipation performance of the joints has not been effectively improved.
综上所述，随着时代的发展，T型连接件在钢结构中(特别是在高烈度地区的钢结构中)的地位已越趋重要，然而现有的矩形T型连接件并不能很好地解决由应力集中产生的连接破坏问题，且不具有很好的耗能能力和经济性。To sum up, with the development of the times, the position of T-shaped connectors in steel structures (especially in steel structures in high-intensity areas) has become more and more important. However, the existing rectangular T-shaped connectors cannot be used very well. It can well solve the problem of connection failure caused by stress concentration, and has good energy dissipation capacity and economy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服已有T型连接件的不能很好地解决由应力集中产生的连接破坏，耗能能力和经济性较差的不足，本发明提供了一种有效防止由应力集中产生的连接破坏、耗能能力和经济性良好的X形T型连接件及其制作工艺。In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing T-shaped connectors that cannot well solve the connection damage caused by stress concentration, and have poor energy dissipation capacity and economical efficiency, the present invention provides a method that can effectively prevent connection damage caused by stress concentration. An X-shaped T-shaped connector with good performance and economy and its manufacturing process.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:
一种X形T型连接件，包括矩形腹板，还包括X形翼缘板，所述X形翼缘板设有长对称轴和短对称轴，所述X形翼缘板的两侧设有螺栓孔，所述螺栓孔以所述长对称轴为中心对称设置，所述矩形腹板固定安装在所述X形翼缘板的长对称轴上，所述X形翼缘板中开有2n个耗能孔洞，n为正整数，以所述长对称轴为中心两两对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的n个耗能孔洞以所述短对称轴为中心布置，所述耗能孔洞的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的闭合曲线；An X-shaped T-shaped connector, including a rectangular web, and an X-shaped flange plate, the X-shaped flange plate is provided with a long axis of symmetry and a short axis of symmetry, and the two sides of the X-shaped flange plate are provided with There are bolt holes, the bolt holes are arranged symmetrically around the long axis of symmetry, the rectangular web is fixedly installed on the long axis of symmetry of the X-shaped flange plate, and the X-shaped flange plate is opened with 2n energy-dissipating holes, where n is a positive integer, are symmetrically arranged in pairs with the long symmetry axis as the center, and the n energy-dissipating holes on the same side of the rectangular web are arranged with the short symmetry axis as the center, the energy-dissipating holes The outer contour of the cross section of the hole is a closed curve with continuous smooth transition;
所述耗能孔洞位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板之间，且所述耗能孔洞与所述矩形腹板之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述螺栓孔至耗能孔洞的最小距离不应小于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度。The energy dissipation hole is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web, and the distance between the energy dissipation hole and the rectangular web is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, and the bolt The minimum distance from the hole to the energy dissipation hole shall not be less than 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate.
进一步，所述X形翼缘板的长边开有4m个耗能开口，m为正整数，所述耗能开口以所述长对称轴为中心对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的2m个耗能开口以所述短对称轴为中心对称布置，所述耗能开口的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的曲线；Further, there are 4m energy-dissipating openings on the long side of the X-shaped flange plate, m is a positive integer, and the energy-dissipating openings are symmetrically arranged around the long symmetrical axis, and 2m energy-dissipating openings are located on the same side of the rectangular web. The energy dissipation openings are symmetrically arranged around the short symmetry axis, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the energy dissipation openings is a continuous and smooth transition curve;
所述耗能开口位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板之间，且所述耗能开口与所述矩形腹板之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述耗能开口与耗能孔洞边缘之间的距离大于等于X形翼缘板长度的1/6，所述螺栓孔至耗能开口的最小距离大于等于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度。The energy dissipation opening is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web, and the distance between the energy dissipation opening and the rectangular web is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, and the energy dissipation The distance between the energy opening and the edge of the energy dissipation hole is greater than or equal to 1/6 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate, and the minimum distance from the bolt hole to the energy dissipation opening is greater than or equal to 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate.
本发明中，所述耗能孔洞的横截面外轮廓线可以为椭圆，当然也可以为其他二次曲线，只要是连续平滑过渡的闭合曲线，不会产生应力集中现象即可。In the present invention, the outer contour of the cross-section of the energy-dissipating hole may be an ellipse, of course, it may also be another quadratic curve, as long as it is a closed curve with continuous and smooth transition, and no stress concentration phenomenon will occur.
本发明中，中部耗能孔洞和边缘耗能开口位置是根据这种X形T型连接件受外力作用时的线性弯矩分布图进行布置的，在弯矩达到最大弯矩的百分之四十的区域宜设置耗能孔洞耗能开口。In the present invention, the positions of the central energy-dissipating holes and edge energy-dissipating openings are arranged according to the linear bending moment distribution diagram when the X-shaped T-shaped connector is subjected to external force, and when the bending moment reaches 4% of the maximum bending moment Ten areas should be equipped with energy-dissipating holes and energy-dissipating openings.
所述耗能孔洞宜设置成较均衡、饱满的形状(例如：椭圆状)，不应有明显的突变(可以有效避免应力集中问题)。耗能开孔宜设置成较均衡、饱满的形状(例如：半椭圆状)，不应有明显的突变(可以有效避免应力集中问题)。The energy-dissipating holes should be arranged in a relatively balanced and plump shape (for example: elliptical shape), without obvious sudden changes (which can effectively avoid the problem of stress concentration). The energy-dissipating openings should be set in a relatively balanced and full shape (for example: semi-elliptical shape), and there should be no obvious mutation (which can effectively avoid the problem of stress concentration).
优先的，所述耗能孔洞的两端应进行打磨，使其具有一定弧度，形成过渡段(可以有效避免应力集中问题)。Preferably, both ends of the energy-dissipating hole should be ground to have a certain arc to form a transition section (which can effectively avoid the problem of stress concentration).
所述X形翼缘板应采用较薄的钢板，但也应满足实际工程设计的要求。所述X形翼缘板的厚度不应大于30mm(钢材厚度越厚，其各方面性能将越差，会出现例如Z向性能问题)，当采用特殊钢材时X形翼缘板的厚度限制可以酌情放宽。所述X形翼缘板应采用延性较好的软钢，也可采用延性较好的Q235、Q345钢等。The X-shaped flange plate should be a thinner steel plate, but it should also meet the requirements of actual engineering design. The thickness of the X-shaped flange plate should not be greater than 30mm (thicker the thickness of the steel, the poorer its performance in all aspects, such as Z-direction performance problems will occur), when special steel is used, the thickness limit of the X-shaped flange plate can be Relax as appropriate. The X-shaped flange plate should be made of mild steel with better ductility, or Q235, Q345 steel with better ductility, etc.
所述X形翼缘板与所述矩形腹板之间的夹角为90°。The included angle between the X-shaped flange plate and the rectangular web is 90°.
所述耗能孔洞在X形翼缘板长度方向的尺寸范围为：X形翼缘板长度的1/6至X形翼缘板长度的1/4；耗能孔洞在X形翼缘板宽度方向的尺寸范围为：X形翼缘板宽度的1/6至X形翼缘板宽度的1/3。The size range of the energy dissipation hole in the length direction of the X-shaped flange plate is: 1/6 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate to 1/4 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate; the energy dissipation hole is within the width of the X-shaped flange plate The dimensions of the direction range from 1/6 of the width of the X-flange plate to 1/3 of the width of the X-flange plate.
所述耗能开口在X形翼缘板长度方向的尺寸范围为：X形翼缘板长度的1/6至X形翼缘板长度的1/4；耗能开口在X形翼缘板宽度方向的尺寸范围为：X形翼缘板宽度的1/10至X形翼缘板宽度的1/8。The size range of the energy dissipation opening in the length direction of the X-shaped flange plate is: 1/6 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate to 1/4 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate; the energy dissipation opening is within the width of the X-shaped flange plate The dimensions of the direction range from 1/10 of the width of the X-flange plate to 1/8 of the width of the X-flange plate.
所述X形翼缘板与所述矩形腹板焊接。The X-shaped flange plate is welded to the rectangular web.
一种X形T型连接件的制作工艺，所述制作工艺包括如下步骤：A manufacturing process of an X-shaped T-shaped connector, said manufacturing process comprising the steps of:
1)选定矩形钢板作为矩形腹板，再选定矩形钢板作为X形翼缘板的坯料；1) Select a rectangular steel plate as the rectangular web, and then select a rectangular steel plate as the blank of the X-shaped flange plate;
2)在X形翼缘板的坯料上开设2n个耗能孔洞，n为正整数，所述X形翼缘板设有长对称轴和短对称轴，所述X形翼缘板的两侧开设螺栓孔，所述螺栓孔以所述长对称轴为中心对称设置，以所述长对称轴为中心两两对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的n个耗能孔洞以所述短对称轴为中心布置，所述耗能孔洞的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的闭合曲线；2) Open 2n energy-dissipating holes on the blank of the X-shaped flange plate, n is a positive integer, the X-shaped flange plate is provided with a long axis of symmetry and a short axis of symmetry, and the two sides of the X-shaped flange plate Bolt holes are provided, and the bolt holes are arranged symmetrically around the long axis of symmetry, arranged symmetrically in pairs around the long axis of symmetry, and the n energy-dissipating holes on the same side of the rectangular web are centered around the short axis of symmetry Arranged as the center, the cross-sectional outer contour of the energy-dissipating hole is a closed curve with continuous smooth transition;
所述耗能孔洞位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板之间，且所述耗能孔洞与所述矩形腹板之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述螺栓孔至耗能孔洞的最小距离不应小于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度；The energy dissipation hole is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web, and the distance between the energy dissipation hole and the rectangular web is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, and the bolt The minimum distance from the hole to the energy dissipation hole shall not be less than 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate;
3)所述矩形腹板固定安装在所述X形翼缘板的长对称轴上。3) The rectangular web is fixedly installed on the long symmetrical axis of the X-shaped flange plate.
进一步，所述步骤2)中，在X形翼缘板的坯料上开设4m个耗能开口，m为正整数，所述耗能开口以所述长对称轴为中心对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的2m个耗能开口以所述短对称轴为中心对称布置，所述耗能开口的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的曲线；Further, in the step 2), 4m energy-dissipating openings are opened on the blank of the X-shaped flange plate, m is a positive integer, and the energy-dissipating openings are arranged symmetrically with the long axis of symmetry as the center, located on the rectangular web The 2m energy dissipation openings on the same side are symmetrically arranged around the short symmetry axis, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the energy dissipation openings is a continuous and smooth transition curve;
所述耗能开口位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板之间，且所述耗能开口与所述矩形腹板之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述耗能开口与耗能孔洞边缘之间的距离大于等于X形翼缘板长度的1/6，所述螺栓孔至耗能开口的最小距离大于等于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度。The energy dissipation opening is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web, and the distance between the energy dissipation opening and the rectangular web is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, and the energy dissipation The distance between the energy opening and the edge of the energy dissipation hole is greater than or equal to 1/6 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate, and the minimum distance from the bolt hole to the energy dissipation opening is greater than or equal to 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate.
更进一步，所述步骤3)中，所述X形翼缘板与所述矩形腹板之间的夹角为90°。Furthermore, in the step 3), the angle between the X-shaped flange plate and the rectangular web is 90°.
再进一步，所述步骤3)中，所述X形翼缘板与所述矩形腹板焊接。Still further, in the step 3), the X-shaped flange plate is welded to the rectangular web.
本发明的技术构思为：在钢结构建筑中，该X形T型连接件主要承受往复荷载的作用，是钢结构柱与梁或梁与支撑之间荷载传递的最主要构件。这种X形T型连接件在外荷载的往复作用下，首先塑性应变发生在X形翼缘板上螺栓连接线和焊缝处，再从这两个位置向中部均匀地传递，直到X形翼缘板上螺栓连接线至焊缝之间范围内所有截面的塑性应变趋于一致，此时X形翼缘板从螺栓连接线至焊缝之间范围内应力分布也是均匀的(热成像时呈现均热的状态)，没有出现明显的应力集中现象，即X形翼缘板从螺栓连接线至焊缝之一范围内的钢材都参与了耗能，故耗能性能较高；在相同工况下传统矩形T型连接件的矩形翼缘板将有很大一部分截面还处于弹性阶段，并且塑性发展不均匀，即这些处于弹性阶段的截面不参与能量耗散的工作，延性较差，故这种连接件耗能性能较差，易在往复荷载下遭到破坏。在外荷载的往复作用下，这种X形T型连接件的破坏模式与矩形T型连接件的破坏模式是相同的，都是在翼缘焊缝处出现拉裂裂缝，并沿着宽度和厚度延伸，直到完全断裂，使得这种X形T型连接件承载力完全丧失，但是X形T型连接件讲具有更高的延性和耗能性能。The technical idea of the present invention is: in a steel structure building, the X-shaped T-shaped connector mainly bears the action of reciprocating load, and is the most important component for load transmission between a steel structure column and a beam or between a beam and a support. Under the reciprocating action of the external load, the X-shaped T-shaped connector firstly produces plastic strain at the bolt connection line and weld on the X-shaped flange plate, and then transmits uniformly from these two positions to the middle until the X-shaped flange The plastic strain of all sections on the flange plate between the bolt connection line and the weld seam tends to be consistent, and at this time, the stress distribution of the X-shaped flange plate from the bolt connection line to the weld seam is also uniform (shown in thermal imaging soaking state), there is no obvious stress concentration phenomenon, that is, the steel in the range of the X-shaped flange plate from the bolt connection line to the weld seam all participates in energy consumption, so the energy dissipation performance is relatively high; in the same working condition A large part of the section of the rectangular flange plate of the traditional rectangular T-shaped connector is still in the elastic stage, and the plasticity development is uneven, that is, these sections in the elastic stage do not participate in the work of energy dissipation, and the ductility is poor, so this This kind of connector has poor energy dissipation performance and is easy to be damaged under reciprocating load. Under the reciprocating action of the external load, the failure mode of this X-shaped T-shaped connector is the same as that of the rectangular T-shaped connector, and both of them appear at the flange weld and crack along the width and thickness. Extend until it is completely broken, so that the bearing capacity of this X-shaped T-shaped connector is completely lost, but the X-shaped T-shaped connector has higher ductility and energy dissipation performance.
本发明的有益效果主要表现在：钢材使用量较少，可以充分发挥材料的性能，故更具经济性；采用了这种X形T性连接件可以在外力作用下耗散更多的能量，具有更好的延性，故更具耗能作用；不会出现局部应力集中的现象，提高了构件的延性，使结构更具安全性。The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: less steel is used, and the performance of the material can be fully utilized, so it is more economical; the use of this X-shaped T-shaped connector can dissipate more energy under the action of external force, It has better ductility, so it has more energy-dissipating effect; there will be no local stress concentration, which improves the ductility of components and makes the structure more secure.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是X形T型连接件的俯视图。Figure 1 is a top view of an X-shaped T-connector.
图2-1是X形T型连接件的正视图(X形翼缘板与矩形腹板采用角焊缝的连接形式)。Figure 2-1 is the front view of the X-shaped T-shaped connector (the X-shaped flange plate and the rectangular web are connected by fillet welds).
图2-2是X形T型连接件的正视图(X形翼缘板与矩形腹板采用坡口焊的连接形式)。Figure 2-2 is the front view of the X-shaped T-shaped connector (the X-shaped flange plate and the rectangular web are connected by groove welding).
图3是X形T型连接件的侧面视图。Fig. 3 is a side view of an X-shaped T-connector.
图4是X形T型连接件中的X形翼缘的俯视图。Figure 4 is a top view of an X-shaped flange in an X-shaped T-connector.
图5是X形T型连接件的装配图。Fig. 5 is an assembly diagram of an X-shaped T-shaped connector.
其中，1.X形翼缘板，2.矩形腹板，31.左焊缝，32.右焊缝，41.左耗能孔洞，42.右耗能孔洞，51.左上耗能开口，52.左下耗能开口，53.右上耗能开口，54.右下耗能开口，61.左上连接螺栓，62.左下连接螺栓，63.右上连接螺栓，64.右下连接螺栓，71.左上螺栓孔，72.左下螺栓孔，73.右上螺栓孔，74.右下螺栓孔。Among them, 1. X-shaped flange plate, 2. Rectangular web, 31. Left weld, 32. Right weld, 41. Left energy dissipation hole, 42. Right energy dissipation hole, 51. Left upper energy dissipation opening, 52 .lower left energy dissipation opening, 53. upper right energy dissipation opening, 54. lower right energy dissipation opening, 61. upper left connecting bolt, 62. lower left connecting bolt, 63. upper right connecting bolt, 64. lower right connecting bolt, 71. upper left bolt Holes, 72. Lower left bolt hole, 73. Upper right bolt hole, 74. Lower right bolt hole.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作详细说明。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
参照图1和图4，一种X形T型连接件，包括矩形腹板2，还包括X形翼缘板1，所述X形翼缘板1设有长对称轴和短对称轴，所述X形翼缘板1的两侧设有螺栓孔，所述螺栓孔以所述长对称轴为中心对称设置，所述矩形腹板2固定安装在所述X形翼缘板1的长对称轴上，所述X形翼缘板1中开有2n个耗能孔洞，n为正整数，以所述长对称轴为中心两两对称布置，位于矩形腹板2同一侧的n个耗能孔洞以所述短对称轴为中心布置，所述耗能孔洞的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的闭合曲线；Referring to Figures 1 and 4, an X-shaped T-shaped connector includes a rectangular web 2 and an X-shaped flange plate 1. The X-shaped flange plate 1 is provided with a long axis of symmetry and a short axis of symmetry, so Both sides of the X-shaped flange plate 1 are provided with bolt holes, and the bolt holes are arranged symmetrically with the long axis of symmetry as the center, and the rectangular web 2 is fixedly installed on the long symmetrical On the axis, there are 2n energy-dissipating holes in the X-shaped flange plate 1, n is a positive integer, and they are symmetrically arranged in pairs with the long axis of symmetry as the center, and the n energy-dissipating holes located on the same side of the rectangular web 2 The holes are arranged around the short axis of symmetry, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the energy-dissipating holes is a closed curve with continuous smooth transition;
所述耗能孔洞位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板2之间，且所述耗能孔洞与所述矩形腹板2之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述螺栓孔至耗能孔洞的最小距离不应小于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度。The energy dissipation hole is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web 2, and the distance between the energy dissipation hole and the rectangular web 2 is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, so The minimum distance from the bolt hole to the energy dissipation hole shall not be less than 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate.
进一步，所述步骤2)中，在X形翼缘板1的坯料上开设4m个耗能开口，m为正整数，所述耗能开口以所述长对称轴为中心对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的2m个耗能开口以所述短对称轴为中心对称布置，所述耗能开口的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的曲线；Further, in the step 2), 4m energy dissipation openings are opened on the blank of the X-shaped flange plate 1, m is a positive integer, and the energy dissipation openings are arranged symmetrically with the long axis of symmetry as the center. The 2m energy dissipation openings on the same side of the plate are symmetrically arranged around the short symmetry axis, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the energy dissipation openings is a continuous and smooth transition curve;
所述耗能开口位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板2之间，且所述耗能开口与所述矩形腹板2之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述耗能开口与耗能孔洞边缘之间的距离大于等于X形翼缘板长度的1/6，所述螺栓孔至耗能开口的最小距离大于等于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度。The energy dissipation opening is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web 2, and the distance between the energy dissipation opening and the rectangular web 2 is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, so The distance between the energy dissipation opening and the edge of the energy dissipation hole is greater than or equal to 1/6 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate, and the minimum distance from the bolt hole to the energy dissipation opening is greater than or equal to 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate.
本实施例的X形翼缘板1上开设有若干耗能孔洞、耗能开口和螺栓孔，开设耗能孔洞、耗能开口使得X形T型连接件具有较好的耗能性能，耗能孔洞、耗能开口的设置位置和尺寸是根据X型翼缘板1的线性弯矩图而确定的，可以使这种X形T型连接件在外力作用下沿整块X形翼缘板1发展塑性变形，具有更好的耗能能力。耗能孔洞、耗能开口近矩形腹板一端端部距离矩形腹板2边缘2倍的矩形腹板厚度。耗能孔洞在X形翼缘板长度方向的最大长度为X形翼缘板长度的四分之一，耗能孔洞在X形翼缘板宽度方向的最大长度为X形翼缘板宽度的四分之一；耗能开口在X形翼缘板长度方向的最大长度为X形翼缘板长度的四分之一，耗能开口在X形翼缘板宽度方向的最大宽度为X形翼缘板宽度的八分之一。The X-shaped flange plate 1 of this embodiment is provided with a number of energy-dissipating holes, energy-dissipating openings, and bolt holes. The setting of energy-dissipating holes and energy-dissipating openings makes the X-shaped T-shaped connector have better energy-dissipating performance, and the energy-dissipating The location and size of holes and energy-dissipating openings are determined according to the linear bending moment diagram of the X-shaped flange plate 1. Develop plastic deformation and have better energy dissipation capacity. The energy dissipation holes and energy dissipation openings near one end of the rectangular web are two times the thickness of the rectangular web from the edge of the rectangular web 2. The maximum length of the energy dissipation hole in the length direction of the X-shaped flange plate is 1/4 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate, and the maximum length of the energy dissipation hole in the width direction of the X-shaped flange plate is 4 times the width of the X-shaped flange plate. The maximum length of the energy dissipation opening in the length direction of the X-shaped flange plate is a quarter of the length of the X-shaped flange plate, and the maximum width of the energy dissipation opening in the width direction of the X-shaped flange plate is the X-shaped flange plate One-eighth of the board width.
耗能孔洞包括左耗能孔洞41和右耗能孔洞42，左耗能孔洞41和右耗能孔洞42自身关于X形翼缘板1长对称轴对称，左耗能孔洞41和右耗能孔洞42关于X形翼缘板1短对称轴对称；耗能开口包括左上耗能开口51、左下耗能开口52、右上耗能开口53、右下耗能开口54，左上耗能开口51、左下耗能开口52与右上耗能开口53、右下耗能开口54关于X形翼缘板1短对称轴对称，左上耗能开口51、左下耗能开口53与右上耗能开口52、右下耗能开口54关于X形翼缘板1长对称轴对称；螺栓孔包括左上螺栓孔71、左下螺栓孔72、右上螺栓孔73和右下螺栓孔74，左上螺栓孔71、左下螺栓孔72与右上螺栓孔73、右下螺栓孔74关于X形翼缘板1短对称轴对称，左上螺栓孔71、左下螺栓孔73与右上螺栓孔72、右下螺栓孔74关于X形翼缘板1长对称轴对称。The energy dissipation holes include the left energy dissipation hole 41 and the right energy dissipation hole 42, the left energy dissipation hole 41 and the right energy dissipation hole 42 are symmetrical about the long symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1, the left energy dissipation hole 41 and the right energy dissipation hole 42 is symmetrical about the short symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1; the energy dissipation openings include upper left energy dissipation opening 51, lower left energy dissipation opening 52, upper right energy dissipation opening 53, lower right energy dissipation Energy opening 52, upper right energy dissipation opening 53, and right lower energy dissipation opening 54 are symmetrical to the short symmetry axis of X-shaped flange plate 1, upper left energy dissipation opening 51, left lower energy dissipation opening 53, right upper energy dissipation opening 52, right lower energy dissipation The opening 54 is symmetrical about the long symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1; the bolt holes include the upper left bolt hole 71, the lower left bolt hole 72, the upper right bolt hole 73 and the lower right bolt hole 74, the upper left bolt hole 71, the lower left bolt hole 72 and the upper right bolt hole The hole 73 and the lower right bolt hole 74 are symmetrical about the short symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1, and the upper left bolt hole 71, the lower left bolt hole 73 and the upper right bolt hole 72 and the lower right bolt hole 74 are about the long symmetric axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1 symmetry.
如图1、图2-1、图2-2和图3所示，本发明专利X形T型连接件的X形翼缘板1和矩形腹板2通过焊接方式进行连接(焊缝为左焊缝31和右焊缝32)，X形翼缘板1和矩形腹板2之间夹角为90°。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2-1, Figure 2-2 and Figure 3, the X-shaped flange plate 1 and the rectangular web 2 of the patented X-shaped T-shaped connector of the present invention are connected by welding (the weld seam is on the left Welding seam 31 and right welding seam 32), the included angle between X-shaped flange plate 1 and rectangular web 2 is 90°.
这种X形T型连接件通过X形翼缘板上的左上连接螺栓61、左下连接螺栓62、右上连接螺栓63和右下连接螺栓64与主体结构的钢框架柱或钢框架梁相连接；并通过焊接方式或螺栓连接方式把腹板与主题结构中钢框架梁或支撑相连接。This X-shaped T-shaped connector is connected to the steel frame column or steel frame beam of the main structure through the upper left connecting bolt 61, the lower left connecting bolt 62, the upper right connecting bolt 63 and the lower right connecting bolt 64 on the X-shaped flange plate; And connect the web to the steel frame beam or support in the subject structure by welding or bolting.
本实施例中，X形翼缘板1和矩形腹板2的材料采用Q235钢，厚度均为20mm，焊缝31和焊缝32采用E43形焊条焊制而成，螺栓采用10.9级摩擦型高强度螺栓。本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。In this embodiment, the X-shaped flange plate 1 and the rectangular web plate 2 are made of Q235 steel with a thickness of 20mm. The welds 31 and 32 are welded with E43-shaped electrodes, and the bolts are made of 10.9-grade friction type high Strength bolts. This embodiment is carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and the detailed implementation and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
实施例2Example 2
参照图5，一种X形T型连接件的制作工艺，所述制作工艺包括如下步骤：Referring to Fig. 5, a manufacturing process of an X-shaped T-shaped connector, the manufacturing process includes the following steps:
第一步、选定矩形钢板作为矩形腹板2，再选定矩形钢板作为X形翼缘板1的坯料；The first step, select the rectangular steel plate as the rectangular web 2, and then select the rectangular steel plate as the blank of the X-shaped flange plate 1;
第二步、在X形翼缘板1的坯料上开设2n个耗能孔洞，n为正整数，所述X形翼缘板设有长对称轴和短对称轴，所述X形翼缘板的两侧开设螺栓孔，所述螺栓孔以所述长对称轴为中心对称设置，以所述长对称轴为中心两两对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的n个耗能孔洞以所述短对称轴为中心布置，所述耗能孔洞的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的闭合曲线；The second step is to open 2n energy-dissipating holes on the blank of the X-shaped flange plate 1, n is a positive integer, and the X-shaped flange plate is provided with a long axis of symmetry and a short axis of symmetry, and the X-shaped flange plate Bolt holes are provided on both sides of the rectangular web, and the bolt holes are arranged symmetrically with the long axis of symmetry as the center. The short axis of symmetry is arranged at the center, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the energy-dissipating hole is a closed curve with continuous smooth transition;
所述耗能孔洞位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板之间，且所述耗能孔洞与所述矩形腹板之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述螺栓孔至耗能孔洞的最小距离不应小于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度；第三步、所述矩形腹板固定安装在所述X形翼缘板的长对称轴上。The energy dissipation hole is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web, and the distance between the energy dissipation hole and the rectangular web is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, and the bolt The minimum distance from the hole to the energy dissipation hole should not be less than 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate; the third step, the rectangular web is fixedly installed on the long symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate.
进一步，所述第二步中，在X形翼缘板的坯料上开设4m个耗能开口，m为正整数，所述耗能开口以所述长对称轴为中心对称布置，位于矩形腹板同一侧的2m个耗能开口以所述短对称轴为中心对称布置，所述耗能开口的横截面外轮廓线为连续平滑过渡的曲线；Further, in the second step, 4m energy-dissipating openings are opened on the blank of the X-shaped flange plate, m is a positive integer, and the energy-dissipating openings are symmetrically arranged around the long axis of symmetry and located on the rectangular web The 2m energy dissipation openings on the same side are symmetrically arranged around the short symmetry axis, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the energy dissipation openings is a continuous and smooth transition curve;
所述耗能开口位于所述螺栓孔与所述矩形腹板之间，且所述耗能开口与所述矩形腹板之间的间距大于等于所述矩形腹板厚度的1.5倍，所述耗能开口与耗能孔洞边缘之间的距离大于等于X形翼缘板长度的1/6，所述螺栓孔至耗能开口的最小距离大于等于2倍的X形翼缘板厚度。The energy dissipation opening is located between the bolt hole and the rectangular web, and the distance between the energy dissipation opening and the rectangular web is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the thickness of the rectangular web, and the energy dissipation The distance between the energy opening and the edge of the energy dissipation hole is greater than or equal to 1/6 of the length of the X-shaped flange plate, and the minimum distance from the bolt hole to the energy dissipation opening is greater than or equal to 2 times the thickness of the X-shaped flange plate.
本实施例的制作工艺的具体过程如下：The specific process of the manufacturing process of the present embodiment is as follows:
1).根据工程的实际情况确定一块矩形钢板和一块矩形腹板的材料牌号和尺寸。1). Determine the material grade and size of a rectangular steel plate and a rectangular web according to the actual situation of the project.
2).在矩形钢板上确定左耗能孔洞41、右耗能孔洞42、左上耗能开口51、左下耗能开口52、右上耗能开口53、右下耗能开口54的分布位置并划线标记，并确定左上连接螺栓61、左下连接螺栓62、右上连接螺栓63、右下连接螺栓64配套的左上螺栓孔71、左下螺栓孔72、右上螺栓孔73和右下螺栓孔74的分布位置并划线标记，以便对矩形翼缘板进行后续加工。注意：左耗能孔洞41和右耗能孔洞42自身关于X形翼缘板1长对称轴对称，左耗能孔洞41和右耗能孔洞42关于X形翼缘板1短对称轴对称；左上耗能开口51、左下耗能开口52与右上耗能开口53、右下耗能开口54关于X形翼缘板1短对称轴对称，左上耗能开口51、左下耗能开口53与右上耗能开口52、右下耗能开口54关于X形翼缘板1长对称轴对称；左上螺栓孔71、左下螺栓孔72与右上螺栓孔73、右下螺栓孔74关于X形翼缘板1短对称轴对称，左上螺栓孔71、左下螺栓孔73与右上螺栓孔72、右下螺栓孔74关于X形翼缘板1长对称轴对称。2). Determine the distribution positions of the left energy dissipation hole 41, the right energy dissipation hole 42, the upper left energy dissipation opening 51, the lower left energy dissipation opening 52, the upper right energy dissipation opening 53, and the lower right energy dissipation opening 54 on the rectangular steel plate and draw a line Mark, and determine the distribution positions of the upper left bolt hole 71, the lower left bolt hole 72, the upper right bolt hole 73 and the lower right bolt hole 74 matched with the upper left connecting bolt 61, the lower left connecting bolt 62, the upper right connecting bolt 63, and the lower right connecting bolt 64. Scribe marks for subsequent machining of the rectangular flange plate. Note: the left energy dissipation hole 41 and the right energy dissipation hole 42 are symmetrical about the long symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1, and the left energy dissipation hole 41 and the right energy dissipation hole 42 are symmetrical about the short symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1; The energy dissipation opening 51, the lower left energy dissipation opening 52, the upper right energy dissipation opening 53, and the right lower energy dissipation opening 54 are symmetrical about the short symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1, and the upper left energy dissipation opening 51, the lower left energy dissipation opening 53 and the upper right energy dissipation opening The opening 52 and the lower right energy-dissipating opening 54 are symmetrical about the long axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1 ; Axisymmetric, the left upper bolt hole 71 , the left lower bolt hole 73 , the right upper bolt hole 72 , and the right lower bolt hole 74 are symmetrical about the long symmetry axis of the X-shaped flange plate 1 .
3).采用切割工艺在矩形翼缘板1上开左耗能孔洞41、右耗能孔洞42、左上耗能开口51、左下耗能开口52、右上耗能开口53、右下耗能开口54，形成X型翼缘板1。3). Cut left energy-dissipating hole 41, right energy-dissipating hole 42, left upper energy-dissipating opening 51, left lower energy-dissipating opening 52, right upper energy-dissipating opening 53, right lower energy-dissipating opening 54 on rectangular flange plate 1 by cutting process , forming an X-shaped flange plate 1 .
4).对切割后的X型翼缘板1进行残余应力的消除工艺，对切割边缘进行处理，使其光滑平整。4). The process of eliminating residual stress is carried out on the cut X-shaped flange plate 1, and the cutting edge is processed to make it smooth.
5).在X型翼缘板1上开左上螺栓孔71、左下螺栓孔72、右上螺栓孔73和右下螺栓孔74。5). Open the upper left bolt hole 71, the lower left bolt hole 72, the upper right bolt hole 73 and the lower right bolt hole 74 on the X-shaped flange plate 1.
6).对加工后的X型翼缘板1进行必要的表面处理，使其表面尽量平整。6). Necessary surface treatment is performed on the processed X-shaped flange plate 1 to make the surface as smooth as possible.
7).采用焊接方式，连接X型翼缘板1和矩形腹板2，X型翼缘板1和矩形腹板2之间的夹角为90°，形成T型连接件。7). The X-shaped flange plate 1 and the rectangular web 2 are connected by welding, and the angle between the X-shaped flange plate 1 and the rectangular web 2 is 90° to form a T-shaped connector.
8).对焊缝的质量按GB50661-2011钢结构焊接规范进行控制。8). The quality of the weld is controlled according to the GB50661-2011 steel structure welding specification.
9).通过左上连接螺栓61、左下连接螺栓62、右上连接螺栓63、右下连接螺栓64把T型连接件与主体结构的钢框架柱或钢梁连接起来。9). Connect the T-shaped connector to the steel frame column or steel beam of the main structure through the upper left connecting bolt 61, the lower left connecting bolt 62, the upper right connecting bolt 63, and the lower right connecting bolt 64.
10).采用焊接或者螺栓连接把T型连接件的腹板与主体结构的钢梁或支撑连接起来。10). Welding or bolting is used to connect the web of the T-shaped connector to the steel beam or support of the main structure.
Claims (10)
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