CN103769812B - A kind of production method of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube - Google Patents
A kind of production method of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN103769812B CN103769812B CN201410003785.8A CN201410003785A CN103769812B CN 103769812 B CN103769812 B CN 103769812B CN 201410003785 A CN201410003785 A CN 201410003785A CN 103769812 B CN103769812 B CN 103769812B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube, the method, for the material of boiler tube and specification, rational thermal deformation technique and device parameter, has carried out requirement to follow-up heat treatment simultaneously.Prepare including (1) blank；(2) hot extrusion；(3) solid solution；(4) stabilizing treatment technique step, has formulated large deformation hot extrusion (contraction percentage of area more than 50%)+solid solution+stabilizing treatment, can produce hot extrusion state finished product boiler tube；Meet every physical and chemical index of boiler tube requirement.The present invention is mainly suitable for heating furnace tube in oil hydrogenation plant, generally seamless pipe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube.
Background technology
The main material of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube is rustless steel 321,347H, and specification limit is Φ 219 × 20～Φ 325 × 40mm, and using pressure is 0.5～30MPa, and temperature range is 300～600 DEG C.In view of high temperature, high pressure and there is hydrogen embrittlement tendency, therefore the course of processing of this boiler tube requires very strict, and any factor causing local damage need to be avoided to there is (Fe ionic soil, Cl ionic soil etc.).
For the damaged products avoiding process to cause, the production technology of usual boiler tube is that hot rolling produces.Hot rolling mainly includes perforation+two operations of rolling.Owing to perforation procedure rolling space is not closed, in perforation procedure, metal flows freely to not closed area, and the dimensional accuracy deviation causing hot-rolled pipe is big.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, it is desirable to provide the production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube, for material and the specification of boiler tube, rational thermal deformation technique and device parameter, follow-up heat treatment has been carried out requirement simultaneously.It is characterized in large deformation hot extrusion (contraction percentage of area more than 50%)+solid solution+stabilizing treatment, meets every physical and chemical index of boiler tube requirement.
The production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube that the present invention provides, comprises the following steps:
(1) blank prepares
1. blank uses electric furnace+AOD+LF stove to smelt, footpath forging rear car light to Φ 360～450mm；
2. component requirements is as follows: C≤0.10%；Si≤0.75%；Mn≤2.00%；P≤0.040%；S≤0.030%；Cr:16.00～20.00%；Ni:9.00～14.00%；Ti:5C～0.60%；Nb:8C～1.00%；
3. by blank billet-sawn to 600～850mm, depth drill processing Φ 80～Φ 100mm central through hole；
(2) hot extrusion
1. blank preheating: blank preheats in annular furnace, and annular furnace temperature is set to 850 ± 10 DEG C, and the time in stove is 180～250min, increased accordingly with the external diameter increase time in stove；
The most once sense heating: intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating put into by blank, and induction heating temperature is set as 1150 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1～3min, and heating power is 600～650kW, is incubated power≤200kW；
3. glass dust lubrication: the inside and outside wall of blank uses the glass dust of molten state under high temperature to be lubricated；
4. reaming: use the rose bit of Φ 185～260mm to carry out reaming；
5. secondary sensing heating: intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating put into by blank, and induction heating temperature is set as 1200 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1～3min, and heating power is 600～650kW, is incubated power≤200kW；
6. hot extrusion: hot extrusion uses the hot extrusion tool and mould of Φ 219 × 20～Φ 325 × 40mm, Fig. 1 is shown in by shape and schematic diagram, and the contraction percentage of area is not less than 50%, completes solid solution after extruding in 30 ± 5s；
Fig. 1 is shown in extrusion process signal, and extrusion ratio is determined by billet size, squeezing needle size, extrusion die size；Blank specification and tool and mould size need to be selected according to the dimensional requirement of finished product tubing.
After hot extrusion, the external diametrical extent of steel pipe is Φ 219～325mm, and tolerance is ± 2mm；Wall thickness range is 20～40mm, wall thickness tolerance ± 1mm.
(3) solid solution
On-line solution is completed in 30 ± 5s after hot extrusion；
Needing after on-line solution to carry out secondary solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is set as 1040 ~ 1190 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2～3min/mm；
(4) stabilizing treatment
Stabilization temperature is set as 920 ± 10 DEG C, and the time is 5～10min/mm；
It is finished product through aligning, sawing, pickling successively after stabilisation.
In such scheme, in described glass dust greasing, the temperature of described molten glass powder is 1100～1250 DEG C.
In such scheme, described blank is rustless steel 321 or 347H material.Further, the solid solubility temperature of described blank 347H is set as 1180 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2～3min/mm；The solid solubility temperature of blank 321 is set as 1050 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2～3min/mm.
Solid solution craft principle in the present invention: the extrusion process contraction percentage of area is big, and 347H, 321 elements containing Nb, Ti crystal grain thinning degree exist, therefore As-extruded steel pipe grain size is generally more than 8 grades, needs to carry out solid solution, so that grain size controls between 4～7 grades.For reducing corrosion tendency, 347H and 321 needs to carry out stabilizing treatment after solid solution, it is simple to NbC, TiC separate out with stable C element, prevents Cr23C6 from separating out and causes the lean Cr of crystal boundary.
The production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube that the present invention provides, bringsBeneficial effect:
(1) processing technique: formulated large deformation hot extrusion (contraction percentage of area more than 50%)+solid solution+stabilizing treatment, hot extrusion state finished product boiler tube can be produced；The present invention is mainly suitable for heating furnace tube in oil hydrogenation plant, generally seamless pipe；
(2) solid solubility temperature: have employed high temperature solid solution technique (the solid solution target temperature of 347H 1180 ± 10 DEG C, temperature retention time 2～3min/mm；The solid solution target temperature of 321 1050 ± 10 DEG C, temperature retention time 2～3min/mm), grain size can be controlled and meet the boiler tube of user's request at 4～7 grades and physicochemical property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the outfit of tool and mould and uses view.
In figure, 1 is pressure ram, and 2 is recipient, and 3 is blank, and 4 is extrusion die, and 5 is squeezing needle, and 6 is die-cushion, and 7 is die holder, and 8 is tubing.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment, but be not limited to following example.
Embodiment 1:
For China National Chemicals Import(Sinochem) Φ 219 × 23mm(347H) boiler tube
1.1 technology requirements
(1) external diameter: 219 ± 2mm；
(2) wall thickness: 23 ± 2.3mm；
(3) surface appearance: inner and outer surfaces is visible by naked eyes defect；
(4) grain size: 4～7 grades；
(5) mechanical property: yield strength (Rp0.2) >=205MPa；Tensile strength (Rm) >=520MPa；Elongation percentage (A) >=35%；Hardness (HRB)≤90.
The production method of 1.2 rustless steel boiler tubes includes following step successively:
(1) blank prepares
Blank uses electric furnace+AOD+LF stove to smelt, footpath forging rear car light to Φ 383mm.Composition is as follows:
Selecting a 800mm blank, central through hole is Φ 80mm；
(2) hot extrusion
1. blank preheating: blank preheats in annular furnace, annular furnace tapping temperature 844 DEG C, and the time in stove is 182min；
The most once sense heating: intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating put into by blank, and induction heating temperature is 1150 DEG C, and heating power is 610kW, be incubated power 130kW, temperature retention time 2min, infrared radiation thermometer display blank external skin temperatures 1153 DEG C, interior table temperature 1147 DEG C；
3. glass dust lubrication: the inside and outside wall of blank uses 1100～1250 DEG C of molten glass powder to be lubricated；
4. reaming: use the rose bit of Φ 185mm to carry out reaming；
5. secondary sensing heating: blank puts into intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating, heating power 600kW, is incubated power 90kW, temperature retention time 1.5min, infrared radiation thermometer display blank external skin temperatures 1203 DEG C, interior table temperature 1198 DEG C；
6. hot extrusion: hot extrusion uses the hot extrusion tool and mould of Φ 219 × 23mm, and the contraction percentage of area is 85.0%, completes solid solution after extruding in 25s.
Fig. 1 shows outfit and the use state of tool and mould, and extrusion die 4 is positioned at recipient 2 and exports, and blank 3 is section shrinkage under the effect of extrusion die 4, forms tubing 8 semi-finished product.Extrusion die 4 is fixed on die holder 7 by die-cushion 6.
After hot extrusion, the outside dimension of steel pipe is 219.5mm, and wall thickness is 23.3mm.
(3) solid solution
Using batch-type furnace to complete solid solution, thermocouple temperature measurement shows: 1185 DEG C, 1182 DEG C, 1181 DEG C, 1187 DEG C, 1185 DEG C, 1185 DEG C；Temperature retention time 50min.
(4) stabilizing treatment
Using batch-type furnace to complete stabilizing treatment, thermocouple temperature measurement shows: 915 DEG C, 913 DEG C, 912 DEG C, 914 DEG C, 914 DEG C, 912 DEG C, temperature retention time 180min.
It is finished product through aligning, sawing, pickling successively after stabilisation.
Taking two groups of samples to detect, predominantly detected grain size, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation percentage, hardness parameter according to relevant criterion, product inspection project, touchstone and assay are as follows:
The inspection project of table 1 steel pipe, want summed result
Assay shows, performance fully meets standard-required.
Embodiment 2:
SINOPEC Φ 273 × 20mm(321 in Gong) boiler tube
1.1 technology requirements
(1) external diameter: 273 ± 2.5mm；
(2) wall thickness: 20 ± 2mm；
(3) surface appearance: inner and outer surfaces is visible by naked eyes defect；
(4) mechanical property: yield strength (Rp0.2) >=205MPa；Tensile strength (Rm) >=515MPa；Elongation percentage (A) >=35%；Hardness (HRB)≤90.
The production method of 1.2 rustless steel boiler tubes includes following step successively:
(1) blank prepares
Blank uses electric furnace+AOD+LF stove to smelt, footpath forging rear car light to Φ 432mm.Composition is as follows:
Selecting a 850mm blank, central through hole is Φ 80mm；
(2) hot extrusion
1. blank preheating: blank preheats in annular furnace, annular furnace tapping temperature 854 DEG C, and the time in stove is 185min；
The most once sense heating: intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating put into by blank, and induction heating temperature is 1150 DEG C, and heating power is 635kW, be incubated power 150kW, temperature retention time 2min, infrared radiation thermometer display blank external skin temperatures 1154 DEG C, interior table temperature 1142 DEG C；
3. glass dust lubrication: the inside and outside wall of blank uses 1100～1250 DEG C of molten glass powder to be lubricated；
4. reaming: use the rose bit of Φ 245mm to carry out reaming；
5. secondary sensing heating: blank puts into intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating, heating power 615kW, is incubated power 110kW, temperature retention time 2min, infrared radiation thermometer display blank external skin temperatures 1208 DEG C, interior table temperature 1191 DEG C；
6. hot extrusion: hot extrusion uses the hot extrusion tool and mould of Φ 273 × 20mm, and the contraction percentage of area is 89.8%, completes solid solution after extruding in 35s.
After hot extrusion, the outside dimension of steel pipe is 273.8mm, and wall thickness is 20.6mm.
(3) solid solution
Using batch-type furnace to complete solid solution, thermocouple temperature measurement shows: 1055 DEG C, 1053 DEG C, 1053 DEG C, 1056 DEG C, 1055 DEG C, 1055 DEG C；Temperature retention time 40min.
(4) stabilizing treatment
Using batch-type furnace to complete stabilizing treatment, thermocouple temperature measurement shows: 913 DEG C, 912 DEG C, 912 DEG C, 914 DEG C, 911 DEG C, 911 DEG C, temperature retention time 180min.
It is finished product through aligning, sawing, pickling successively after stabilisation.
Taking two groups of samples to detect, predominantly detected grain size, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation percentage, hardness parameter according to relevant criterion, product inspection project, touchstone and assay are as follows:
The inspection project of table 2 steel pipe, want summed result
Assay shows, performance fully meets standard-required.
Claims (3)
1. the production method of an austenitic stainless steel boiler tube, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) blank prepares
1. blank uses electric furnace+AOD+LF stove to smelt, footpath forging rear car light to Φ 360～450mm；Described blank is rustless steel 321 or 347H material；
2. component requirements is as follows: C≤0.10%；Si≤0.75%；Mn≤2.00%；P≤0.040%；S≤0.030%；Cr:16.00～20.00%；Ni:9.00～14.00%；Ti:5C～0.60%；Nb:8C～1.00%；
3. by blank billet-sawn to 600～850mm, depth drill processing Φ 80～Φ 100mm central through hole；
(2) hot extrusion
1. blank preheating: blank preheats in annular furnace, and annular furnace temperature is set to 850 ± 10 DEG C, and the time in stove is 180 ± 5min；
The most once sense heating: intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating put into by blank, and induction heating temperature is set as 1150 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1～3min, and heating power is 600～650kW, is incubated power≤200kW；
3. glass dust lubrication: the inside and outside wall of blank uses the glass dust of molten state under high temperature to be lubricated；
4. reaming: use the rose bit of Φ 185～260mm to carry out reaming；
5. secondary sensing heating: intermediate frequency furnace sensing heating put into by blank, and induction heating temperature is set as 1200 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1～3min, and heating power is 600～650kW, is incubated power≤200kW；
6. hot extrusion: hot extrusion uses the hot-extrusion mold of Φ 219 × 20～Φ 325 × 40mm, the contraction percentage of area is not less than 50%, and after hot extrusion, the external diametrical extent of steel pipe is Φ 219～325mm, and tolerance is ± 2mm；Wall thickness range is 20～40mm, wall thickness tolerance ± 1mm；
(3) solid solution
On-line solution is completed in 30 ± 5s after hot extrusion；
Needing after on-line solution to carry out secondary solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is set as 1040 ~ 1190 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2～3min/mm；
(4) stabilizing treatment
Stabilization temperature is set as 920 ± 10 DEG C, and the time is 5～10min/mm；
It is finished product through aligning, sawing, pickling successively after stabilisation.
The production method of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described glass dust greasing, the temperature of described molten glass powder is 1100～1250 DEG C.
The production method of austenitic stainless steel boiler tube the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the solid solubility temperature of described blank 347H is set as 1180 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2～3min/mm；The solid solubility temperature of blank 321 is set as 1050 ± 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2～3min/mm.
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| CN104826890B (en) * | 2015-05-09 | 2016-08-24 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of super austenitic stainless steel seamless pipe |
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