CN103767046B - For processing the apparatus and method of the fruit and vegerable of high anthocyanidin content - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to food processing field.Especially, the present invention relates to the device of fruit and vegerable (such as red meat Fructus Mali pumilae) for processing high anthocyanidin content, it includes by raw material surge tank (1), the water seal crushing system that elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3) form, wherein, elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3) are bubble-tight；And the discharging opening (12) of raw material surge tank (1) is connected with charging aperture (21) air-tightness of elevator (2), and the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) is in height higher than the discharging opening (12) of raw material surge tank (1), thus raw material surge tank (1) and elevator (2) structurally form U-shaped linker；Further, the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) is connected with charging aperture (31) air-tightness of disintegrating machine (3).Moreover, it relates to use described device to the method processing the fruit and vegerable (such as red meat Fructus Mali pumilae) of high anthocyanidin content.

Description

For processing the apparatus and method of the fruit and vegerable of high anthocyanidin content

Technical field

The present invention relates to food processing field.Especially, the present invention relates to for processing high cyanine The apparatus and method of the fruit and vegerable (such as red meat Fructus Mali pumilae) of cellulose content.

Background technology

Anthocyanidin (Anihocyanidin), also known as anthocyanidin, is that nature one class is widely present in Water-soluble natural pigment in plant (particularly flowering plant (angiosperm)).According to the preliminary statistics, 27 sections, containing anthocyanidin in 73 plants belonged to.Anthocyanidin belongs to flavone compound, and it is also Main color-generation material in plant petals, the multicoloured color such as water fruits and vegetables, flowers is big Part is associated therewith.Anthocyanidin under the pH value condition that plant cell vacuole is different, make petal in Existing multicoloured color, such as, it takes on a red color in acid condition, and in the basic conditions In blueness, and the content of the depth of color and anthocyanidin is proportionate.

The cyanine being currently known have kind more than 20, and be primarily present in plant has: Flos Pelargonii color Element (Pelargonidin), cyanidin or Flos Hibisci Mutabilis pigment (Cyanidin), delphinidin or Delphinidin (Delphindin), paeonidin (Peonidin), morning glory pigment And enidin (Malvidin) (Petunidin).The basic structural unit of anthocyanidin is, 2- Phenyl benzopyrane type cation, i.e. pattern aglycon, it is shown in formula 1 hereafter.At nature Under the conditions of, anthocyanidin seldom exists with free state, and mainly exists with glycoside forms.Certainly So under state, anthocyanidin in plant often with various monosaccharide (such as, glucose, rhamnose, Galactose, arabinose etc.) form anthocyanin by glycosidic bond.At present, oneself knows naturally occurring Anthocyanin has kind more than 250.

Formulas I: the basic structural unit of anthocyanidin

In recent years, anthocyanidin was constantly pursued by people due to its excellent functional characteristic.Special Not, the excellent functional characteristic of anthocyanidin at least includes following aspect.

Anthocyanidin is as a kind of natural food colour, safe and nontoxic, aboundresources, and has There are certain nutrition and pharmacological action, have huge application at aspects such as food, cosmetic, medicine Potentiality.At present, anthocyanidin is studied the history of existing nearly 40 years.Particularly from 20th century Since the eighties, Chinese scholars has carried out deep grinding to the various anthocyanidin of various plants Study carefully.In 20 end of the centurys, international food and agricultural organization and WHO combine and forbid that synthetic dyestuffs are used After making food coloring, the range of application of anthocyanidin expands further.Anthocyanidin becomes domestic granddad The preferable resource substituting synthetic food color recognized.

Additionally, research shows, a kind of good natural edible red pigment of anthocyanidin, and And there is beauty treatment, skin care, blood fat reducing, fat-reducing and anti-ageing important physiological function of waiting for a long time.Anthocyanidin Main Function be remove free radical.Research it has been shown that many diseases relevant with old age, Such as heart disease, cancer, arthritis, wrinkle, disease of eye, Kieren Perkins disease and Alzheimer Sick etc., the Oxidation all caused with free radical is relevant.Therefore, anthocyanidin is in prevention and treatment This type of disease has huge application potential.It addition, the pharmacological research of Anthocyanins is sent out Existing, it has promotion erythropsin resynthesis, improves the multiple pharmacology such as circulation, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory Activity.Therefore, anthocyanidin can be also used for improvement and uses eyestrain.Current experimental applications is demonstrate,proved Bright, anthocyanidin has direct or indirect prophylactic treatment effect to nearly more than 100 kinds of diseases.

In recent years, the antitumor action of anthocyanidin is increasingly paid close attention to by people.Study Showing, anthocyanidin has lethal effect to human tumor cells, thin to multiple cancerous cell such as breast carcinoma Born of the same parents, prostate gland cancer cell etc. all have inhibitory action in various degree.Gao Aixia etc. (2008) profit Arriving with lung cancer in nude mice cell transplantation tumor model views, the suppression that nude mouse tumor is grown by anthocyanidin is made With.Their result shows, anthocyanidin can make the vigor of NCI-H460 cell be decreased obviously, Inhibited to NCI-H460 cell, and this effect has time and dose-dependant Property, it is possible to induce the apoptosis of NCI-H460 cell, and anthocyanidin also is able to suppress naked in vivo The growth of Mus transplanted tumor.

Due to the above-mentioned excellent functional characteristic of anthocyanidin, rich in the fruit of anthocyanidin and fruit juice also because of This becomes the health product and beverage liked by people.At present, from fruit and vegerable, fruit and vegetable juice is obtained Though tradition is squeezed the juice, technique is the most ripe, but for there being the fruit and vegerable of special processing process requirement, Tend not to reach preferable processing effect.Such as, for rich in the fruit and vegerable of anthocyanidin, pass System technique of squeezing the juice, due to fruit and vegerable be exposed under air in the course of processing for a long time, enzyme goes out The factor such as slow lived, causes the oxidizable compositions such as the anthocyanidin included in fruit and vegerable seriously to be broken Bad.In thus obtained fruit and vegetable juice, anthocyanidin content significantly reduces, it is impossible to meet the need of people Ask.Therefore, this area is in the urgent need to the processing unit (plant) improved and method, with from rich in anthocyanidin Fruit and vegerable obtain keep high anthocyanidin content fruit and vegetable juice.

Summary of the invention

In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, Science and Technology noun used herein There is the implication that those skilled in the art are generally understood that.Meanwhile, in order to be more fully understood that this Bright, provide below definition and the explanation of relational language.

As used herein, term " air-tightness " refers to, in working order under, instrument, The inner space of device or equipment and external environment are gas-insulated, that is, external environment with The inner space of instrument, device or equipment in working order under can not carry out gas exchange.Such as this Used in literary composition, term " air-tightness connection " refers to, descends connecting portion in working order Inner space and external environment are gas-insulated, that is, external environment and connecting portion is interior Space, portion in working order under can not carry out gas exchange.It is well known in the art that air-tightness connects, It includes but not limited to, air-tightness is threaded, and air-tightness frosted connects, and air-tightness rubber is even Connect etc..In apparatus and method of the present invention, it is possible to use any air-tightness interconnection technique.

As used herein, term " rich in the fruit and vegerable of anthocyanidin " refers to, anthocyanidin contains Amount is the fruit and vegerable of at least 100PPM, such as but not limited to, red meat Fructus Mali pumilae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae, Cranberries, blue berry, Fructus Vitis viniferae, Ramulus Sambuci Williamsii are red, black currant, Radix Dauci Sativae, red cabbage, or its Its dark fruit and vegerable.

As used herein, term " noble gas " refers to, does not reacts with anthocyanidin Gas or its any mixture, such as helium, neon, argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or it is any Mixture.In the present invention, particularly preferred noble gas be nitrogen, carbon dioxide or its Any mixture.

As used herein, term " fluid-tight " refers to, is formed with liquid and seals.At this In invention, particularly preferred fluid-tight medium is water, such as, (contain from the soft water after evaporator condensation Oxygen amount is extremely low).Optionally, fluid-tight medium also can comprise detergent or biocide.

As used herein, term " clear juice " refers to, with the fruit of appropriateness fresh, ripe Vegetables are raw material, through crushing, squeeze, clarify, filter and optional concentration, sterilizing, fill The fruit and vegetable juice that the operations such as dress are made；Term " turbid juice " refers to, with the fruit of appropriateness fresh, ripe Vegetables are raw material, through crushing, squeeze, filter and the work such as optional concentration, sterilization, fill The fruit and vegetable juice that sequence is made.

It is an object of the invention to solve following problems: use traditional squeezing the juice and concentration technology With in the fruit and vegetable juice of device acquisition, anthocyanidin loss is serious, and added value of product is low, can only be used as The adjuvant of beverage, and cannot act as the base material of health product or the major ingredient of beverage.Therefore, the present invention A purpose be, it is provided that the processing unit (plant) of improvement and method, farthest to avoid adding Destruction to the anthocyanidin of fruit and vegerable during work (squeezing the juice), thus obtain the high anthocyanidin content of holding Fruit and vegetable juice.

Therefore, in one aspect, the invention provides a kind of device processing fruit and vegerable, it includes, The water seal crushing system being made up of raw material surge tank (1), elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3), wherein,

Elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3) are bubble-tight；And the discharging opening of raw material surge tank (1) (12) it is connected with charging aperture (21) air-tightness of elevator (2), and the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) In height higher than the discharging opening (12) of raw material surge tank (1), thus raw material surge tank (1) with carry The machine of liter (2) structurally forms U-shaped linker；Further, the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) with Charging aperture (31) air-tightness of disintegrating machine (3) connects.

In the present invention, raw material surge tank (1) itself can be bubble-tight, it is also possible to is not gas Close property.In a preferred embodiment, raw material surge tank (1) is not bubble-tight, and And by adding liquid (such as, water) in raw material surge tank (1), discharging opening (12) is carried out liquid Envelope, thus obtain elevator (2) and the air-tightness of disintegrating machine (3).

In a preferred embodiment, raw material surge tank (1) has charging aperture (11), thus, Fruit vegetable materials can enter raw material surge tank (1) via charging aperture (11).In further preferred reality Executing in scheme, charging aperture (11) is in height higher than discharging opening (12), thus fruit vegetable materials is permissible Under gravity, mobile to discharging opening (12) from charging aperture (11).Alternative embodiment party In case, raw material surge tank (1) also has power transmission, such that it is able to by fruit vegetable materials from entering Material mouth (11) is sent to discharging opening (12).

In the present invention, raw material surge tank (1) can be any container of any shape, such as, Cone (such as infundibulate), cylindrical, pyramid, prismatic or irregularly shaped, or appoint The combination of what these shape.It is preferable, however, that raw material surge tank (1) is funnel-shaped container, its In, discharging opening (12) is positioned at the bottom of container, it is thus possible to by adding in funnel-shaped container Add liquid (such as, water), easily discharging opening (12) is carried out fluid-tight.

In a preferred embodiment, raw material surge tank (1) also has water inlet (13) and goes out The mouth of a river (14), in order to adding liquid in raw material surge tank (1).A preferred embodiment party In case, detergent and/or biocide are entered in raw material surge tank (1) by water inlet (13), and Discharged by outlet (14), thus raw material surge tank (1) can be also used for carrying out fruit vegetable materials Clean and/or sterilizing.

In the present invention, raw material surge tank (1) can be by any material system for manufacturing container Become, such as, glass, plastics, metal, alloy, macromolecular material etc..

In the present invention, elevator (2) can be any kind of elevator known in the art, As long as it is bubble-tight, and solid material can be promoted, and not promote liquid (such as, water). This type of elevator can be such as screw elevator, scraper lifting machine, bucket elevator, belt Elevator etc..

In a preferred embodiment, the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) is in height higher than Water inlet (13), thus avoid the liquid for fluid-tight raw material surge tank to enter from discharging opening (22) In disintegrating machine (3).

In a preferred embodiment, elevator (2) also has air inlet (23) and air vent (24), it is for being filled with noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or titanium dioxide in elevator (2) Carbon), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).

In the present invention, disintegrating machine (3) can be any kind of disintegrating machine known in the art, As long as it is bubble-tight, and fruit vegetable materials can be broken for fruit-and-vegetable puree.At one preferably Embodiment in, disintegrating machine (3) is cold beater or negative pressure disintegrating machine.

In a preferred embodiment, disintegrating machine (3) also has air inlet (33) and air vent (34), it is for being filled with noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or titanium dioxide in disintegrating machine (3) Carbon), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).

In a preferred embodiment, disintegrating machine (3) also comprises slag notch (35), is used for Residue except fruit vegetable materials.In a preferred embodiment, slag notch (35) can use liquid Envelope method and/or convertible sluice gate seal, to avoid the intrusion of air (particularly oxygen).? In one preferred embodiment, disintegrating machine (3) also comprises holding vessel (36), is used for storing fruit and vegerable Mud.In a preferred embodiment, disintegrating machine (3) also comprises pump (37), and it is for by fruit Vegetables mud pumps out from discharging opening (32).

In a preferred embodiment, assembly of the invention also comprises juice extractor (4), and it is Bubble-tight, and its charging aperture (41) is connected with discharging opening (32) air-tightness of disintegrating machine (3).

In the present invention, juice extractor (4) can be any kind of juice extractor known in the art, As long as it is bubble-tight, and fruit-and-vegetable puree can be squeezed the juice.Such as, juice extractor (4) Can be spiral juice extractor, such as, seal nitrogen charging spiral juice extractor.

In a preferred embodiment, juice extractor (4) also has air inlet (43) and air vent (44), it is for being filled with noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or titanium dioxide in juice extractor (4) Carbon), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).

In a preferred embodiment, juice extractor (4) also comprises slag notch (45), is used for Except remaining residue after squeezing the juice.In a preferred embodiment, slag notch (45) can use Liquid seal method and/or convertible sluice gate seal, to avoid the intrusion of air (particularly oxygen). In a preferred embodiment, juice extractor (4) also comprises holding vessel (46), is used for storing fruit The turbid juice of vegetables.In a preferred embodiment, juice extractor (4) also comprises pump (47), and it is used for Turbid for fruit and vegerable juice is pumped out from discharging opening (42).

In a preferred embodiment, assembly of the invention also comprises vacuum evaporator (5).

In a preferred embodiment, vacuum evaporator (5) is bubble-tight, and it enters Material mouth (51) is connected with discharging opening (42) air-tightness.Described vacuum evaporator (5) the most also comprises Heater, carries out enzyme-deactivating and pre-concentration for juice turbid to fruit and vegerable.

In a preferred embodiment, vacuum evaporator (5) also has air inlet (53) and row QI KOU (54), its for be filled with in vacuum evaporator (5) noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/ Or carbon dioxide), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).

In a preferred embodiment, assembly of the invention also comprises enzymolysis settling tank (6) With filtration system (7).

In a preferred embodiment, enzymolysis settling tank (6) and filtration system (7) are all gas Close property, and the discharging opening of the charging aperture (61) of enzymolysis settling tank (6) and vacuum evaporator (5) (52) air-tightness connects, the discharging opening (62) of enzymolysis settling tank (6) and the charging of filtration system (7) Mouth (71) air-tightness connects.Enzymolysis settling tank comprises enzyme in (6), carries out enzyme for juice turbid to fruit and vegerable Solve clarification.This fermentoid includes but not limited to, amylase, pectase, α-amylase and/or acid egg White enzyme.Filtration system (7) is for filtering the fruit and vegetable juice clarified through enzymolysis, thus produces fruit Vegetables clear juice.

In a preferred embodiment, enzymolysis settling tank (6) also has air inlet (63) and row QI KOU (64), its for be filled with in enzymolysis settling tank (6) noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/ Or carbon dioxide), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).

In a preferred embodiment, filtration system (7) also has air inlet (73) and aerofluxus Mouth (74), it is for being filled with noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or dioxy in filtration system (7) Change carbon), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).In a preferred embodiment, mistake Filter system (7) is ultrafiltration system.

In a preferred embodiment, assembly of the invention also comprises steriliser (8).

In a preferred embodiment, steriliser (8) is bubble-tight, and and juice extractor (4) discharging opening (42) or the discharging opening (52) of vacuum evaporator (5) or going out of filtration system (7) Material mouth (72) air-tightness connects.Steriliser (8) goes out for juice turbid to fruit and vegerable or fruit-vegetable clear juice Bacterium, thus obtain final product, the turbid juice of fruit and vegerable of high anthocyanidin content or fruit-vegetable clear juice.

In a preferred embodiment, steriliser (8) also has air inlet (83) and air vent (84), it is for being filled with noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or titanium dioxide in steriliser (8) Carbon), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).

In a preferred embodiment, assembly of the invention is at filtration system (7) and steriliser (8) between, or after steriliser (8), also comprising concentrator (9), it is for fruit-vegetable clear Juice concentrates further.Concentrator (9) can be such as vacuum decker, or negative pressure thickener.

It should be understood that assembly of the invention to need not at each assembly to have air inlet and Air vent.Assembly of the invention can selected from elevator (2), disintegrating machine (3), juice extractor (4), Vacuum evaporator (5), enzymolysis settling tank (6), filtration system (7) and one of steriliser (8) or There is air inlet and air vent, to be filled with noble gas (example in whole device at multiple assemblies As, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).

Additionally, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the flower after enzyme-deactivating step, in fruit and vegetable juice Blue or green element will not be the most oxidized.Therefore, after enzyme-deactivating, can be without again to fruit Vegetables juice carries out inert gas shielding.Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, negative pressure evaporation Device (5), enzymolysis settling tank (6), filtration system (7) and/or steriliser (8) can not include air inlet Mouth and air vent, and can not be bubble-tight.

Although enzymatic browning stops after enzyme-deactivating step or substantially stops, but in order to avoid Non-enzymatic browning under oxygen existence condition, it is preferable that vacuum evaporator (5), enzymolysis settling tank (6), filtration system (7) and steriliser (8) are bubble-tight, and have carried out noble gas (example As, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide) protection.

Further, it is contemplated that vacuum evaporator (5) runs under negative pressure state, the air of itself Content is the lowest, and filtration system (7) and steriliser (8) the shortest to the process time of material, thing Material non-enzymatic browning in these three assembly is negligible, therefore, for cost-effective And the consideration of operation ease, it is also possible to only enzymolysis settling tank (6) is carried out noble gas (example As, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide) protection, and not to vacuum evaporator (5), filtration system (7) Inert gas shielding is carried out with steriliser (8).

In a preferred embodiment, fruit and vegerable be enriched in anthocyanidin fruit and vegerable (such as a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc. and Berry), such as but not limited to, red meat Fructus Mali pumilae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae, Cranberries, blue berry, Portugal Grape, Ramulus Sambuci Williamsii are red, black currant, Radix Dauci Sativae, red cabbage, or other dark fruit and vegerable.

In one aspect, the invention provides a kind of method processing fruit and vegerable, it includes following step Rapid:

1) under conditions of starvation, fruit vegetable materials is crushed；

2) under conditions of starvation, squeeze the juice to through broken fruit vegetable materials, and will squeeze The juice taken separates with material residue, thus obtains the turbid juice of fruit and vegerable.

In a preferred embodiment, in step 1) in, by water seal and/or use lazy Property gas (such as, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide), by fruit vegetable materials and oxygen-barrier.

In a further preferred embodiment, water seal crushing system as defined above is used Carry out step 1).

In a further preferred embodiment, it is carried out as follows step 1): with liquid (such as, Water) seal raw material surge tank (1) discharging opening (12), and with noble gas (such as, nitrogen with / or carbon dioxide) fill elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3), to drain the air in device；So After fruit vegetable materials is added in raw material surge tank (1), and via elevator (2) enter disintegrating machine (3), crush.

In a preferred embodiment, in step 2) in, by using noble gas (example As, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide), by through broken fruit vegetable materials (that is, fruit-and-vegetable puree) and oxygen Isolation.

In a further preferred embodiment, juice extractor as defined above (4) is used to carry out Step 2).

In a preferred embodiment, carrying out step 2) before, by noble gas (example As, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide) fill juice extractor (4), to drain air therein.

In a preferred embodiment, in step 1) in, seal with liquid (such as, water) The discharging opening (12) of raw material surge tank (1), and with noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or dioxy Change carbon) fill elevator (2), disintegrating machine (3) and juice extractor (4), to drain air therein.

In a preferred embodiment, through broken fruit vegetable materials (that is, fruit-and-vegetable puree) from broken Broken machine (3) enters juice extractor (4), squeezes, thus obtains the turbid juice of fruit and vegerable.Optionally, right The turbid juice of described fruit and vegerable carries out further enzyme-deactivating and (in advance) and concentrates, with improve its stability with Anthocyanidin content.It is, for example possible to use vacuum evaporator (5) comes described fruit as defined above The turbid juice of vegetables carries out further enzyme-deactivating and (in advance) concentrates.It is further preferred that go out to through enzyme Live and the turbid juice of fruit and vegerable of (in advance) carries out sterilizing (such as, using pasteurization).

In a preferred embodiment, described fruit and vegerable are enriched in fruit and vegerable (the such as core of anthocyanidin Fruit and berry), such as but not limited to, red meat Fructus Mali pumilae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae, Cranberries, blue berry, Fructus Vitis viniferae, Ramulus Sambuci Williamsii are red, black currant, Radix Dauci Sativae, red cabbage, or other dark fruit and vegerable.

In a preferred embodiment, described method also includes, turbid to the fruit and vegerable obtained Juice is processed, to obtain fruit-vegetable clear juice.

In a further preferred embodiment, juice turbid to fruit and vegerable is processed as follows, to obtain Fruit-vegetable clear juice:

3) juice turbid to fruit and vegerable carries out enzyme-deactivating and pre-concentration；

4) to step 3) product carry out enzymolysis clarification；

5) to step 4) product filter；

6) to step 5) product concentrate and sterilizing, thus obtain fruit-vegetable clear juice.

In a preferred embodiment, step 3)-6) it is to enter under conditions of starvation Row.In a preferred embodiment, in step 3)-6) in, use noble gas (example As, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide) carry out starvation.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that after enzyme-deactivating step, the anthocyanidin in fruit and vegetable juice will Will not be the most oxidized.Therefore, after enzyme-deactivating, can be without again fruit and vegetable juice being entered Row inert gas shielding.Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, step 3)-6) permissible Carry out under conditions of not starvation.

But, although enzymatic browning stops after enzyme-deactivating step or substantially stops, but it is Avoid the non-enzymatic browning under oxygen existence condition, it is preferable that step 3)-6) it is in isolation Carry out under conditions of oxygen.In a preferred embodiment, in step 3)-6) in, Noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide) is used to carry out starvation.

Further, it is contemplated that (in advance) concentration process generally runs under negative pressure state, during being somebody's turn to do Air content the lowest, and filter and sterilization process in the shortest to the process time of material, thing Material non-enzymatic browning during these three is negligible, therefore, for cost-effective And the consideration of operation ease, it is also possible to only step 4) carry out under conditions of starvation (such as, use noble gas (such as, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide) to carry out starvation), and walk Rapid 3) and 5)-6) carry out under conditions of not starvation.

In a preferred embodiment, vacuum evaporator as defined above (5) is used to enter Row step 3).In a preferred embodiment, at a temperature of 75-98 DEG C, carry out enzyme to go out Live and pre-concentration.

In a preferred embodiment, enzymolysis settling tank (6) as defined above and mistake are used Filter system (7) carries out step 4)-5).In a preferred embodiment, use amylase, Pectase, α-amylase, acid protease or its any combination carry out enzymolysis clarification.Excellent at one In the embodiment of choosing, at a temperature of 30-60 DEG C, carry out enzymolysis clarification.

In a preferred embodiment, steriliser as defined above (8) and concentrator are used (9) step 6 is carried out).In a preferred embodiment, pasteurization is used to carry out Sterilizing.Such as, at a temperature of 90-121 DEG C, carry out pasteurize 15-120s.

In a preferred embodiment, the sterilized turbid juice of fruit and vegerable or clear juice are carried out fill, So that storage.

In a preferred embodiment, in whole assembly of the invention, all tank bodies, Pump, equipment and pipeline are air-tightness and connect.In a preferred embodiment, whole In the method for the present invention, material, after entering water seal crushing system, i.e. completely cuts off with outside air, And run under the protection of noble gas.

The beneficial effect of the invention

For the traditional handicraft and device of processing fruit and vegerable, material is generally completely exposed to air Under.Further, the restriction constructed due to traditional handicraft and device, in the whole course of processing, After fruit vegetable materials is broken, it is the most more with the point of air contact, and this makes the cyanine in product Element easily loses (loss rate is typically larger than 30%) because of oxidized.

Compared with prior art, technical scheme has the advantages that

(1) present invention passes through liquid seal method and inert gas shielding method, in the course of processing of fruit and vegetable juice In fully completely cut off oxygen, thus realize keeping height in the fruit and vegetable juice (turbid juice and clear juice) obtained The anthocyanidin of content.Especially, for fruit and vegetable materials, the anthocyanidin in fruit and vegetable juice damages Lose≤20% (anthocyanidin loss when using traditional method and apparatus to be processed, in fruit and vegetable juice , and polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate >=80%, 5-HMF production rate≤10mg/kg typically >=30%). Therefore, methods and apparatus of the present invention, in the course of processing of fruit and vegetable juice, farthest reduces To the destruction of anthocyanidin and the loss that avoids anthocyanidin.

(2) present invention utilizes the apparatus and method of simple possible, farthest decreases cyanine Element loss during garden stuff processing, realization of industrialization is simple, convenient, feasible, and can The fruit and vegetable juice raw material of high added value is provided.

Technical scheme solves tradition and squeezes the juice and concentration technology is to high anthocyanidin content The heavy damage of the anthocyanidin in fruit and vegerable (such as a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc. and berry), reduces this type of garden stuff processing During anthocyanidin loss, and effectively inhibit product oxidation, enzymatic browning and non-enzymatic brown Become.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but It is to it will be understood by those skilled in the art that drawings below and embodiment are merely to illustrate the present invention, and It it not the restriction to the scope of the present invention.Retouch in detail with the following of preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings Stating, the various purposes of the present invention and favourable aspect will become aobvious to those skilled in the art So.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 schematically depict an example of the water seal crushing system of the present invention, and it includes Raw material surge tank (1), elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3), wherein, elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3) it is bubble-tight；And the discharging opening (12) of raw material surge tank (1) and the charging of elevator (2) Mouth (21) air-tightness connects, and the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) in height buffers higher than raw material The discharging opening (12) of tank (1), thus raw material surge tank (1) and elevator (2) structurally form U Type linker；Further, the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) and the charging aperture (31) of disintegrating machine (3) Air-tightness connects.Raw material surge tank (1) also comprises charging aperture (11), water inlet (13) and outlet (14)；Elevator (2) is also included into QI KOU (23) and air vent (24)；Disintegrating machine (3) also comprises Discharging opening (32), air inlet (33), air vent (34), slag notch (35), holding vessel (36), With pump (37).

As shown in Figure 1, raw material surge tank (1) and elevator (2) are connected to an entirety, In raw material surge tank (1) can adding liquid, such as water, such as from the soft water after evaporator condensation (its oxygen content is extremely low), so that raw material surge tank (1) and elevator (2) structurally form one Individual U-shaped linker.Elevator (2) is all bubble-tight and the most airtight with disintegrating machine (3) Property connect.The slag notch (35) of disintegrating machine can use liquid seal method and/or convertible sluice gate to carry out close Envelope, thus whole crushing system can be at airtight conditions.

Before processing fruit and vegerable, seal raw material surge tank (1) with liquid (such as water), and to elevator (2) With disintegrating machine (3) is filled with noble gas (such as nitrogen), make whole system be in noble gas protect Protect down.Fruit vegetable materials enters raw material surge tank from charging aperture (11), at liquid (such as water) Under buffering, slowly fall into tank bottoms under gravity.When build up of material is to time to a certain degree, protect Hold liquid level, open elevator (2), thus material is promoted to discharging opening (22), and fall into Disintegrating machine crushes in (3).In broken puree enters surge tank (36), skin slag is via going out Cinder notch (35) is removed.During whole, owing to material is completely in the noble gas of closing Under protection, therefore, oxygen has effectively been completely cut off, it is to avoid the anthocyanidin in material is destroyed.

Fig. 2 schematically depict an example of the juice extractor (4) of the present invention, and it is air-tightness , and comprise charging aperture (41), and discharging opening (42), air inlet (43), air vent (44), With slag notch (45).

Being seen by Fig. 2, juice extractor (4) is bubble-tight, and charging aperture (41) system broken with water seal Discharging opening (32) air-tightness of system connects.Before production, in juice extractor (4), it is filled with noble gas (example Such as nitrogen), make whole juice extractor (4) be under inert gas shielding.When producing beginning, through broken Broken fruit-and-vegetable puree is in pump (37) pumps into juice extractor (4).Fruit-and-vegetable puree through squeezing after, fruit juice (turbid juice) Discharging opening (42) through juice extractor (4) is discharged, and residue is discharged through slag notch (45).Slag notch (45) Liquid seal method and/or convertible sluice gate can be used to seal, thus whole system can be at airtight shape State.Juice extractor (4) also can comprise holding vessel (46), is used for storing the turbid juice of fruit and vegerable, and/or, squeeze Juice machine (4) also can comprise pump (47), for being pumped out from discharging opening (42) by turbid for fruit and vegerable juice (figure not Show).

Fig. 3 schematically depict an example of the vacuum evaporator (5) of the present invention, and it is gas Close property, and comprise charging aperture (51), discharging opening (52), air inlet (53), and air vent (54).Before production, in vacuum evaporator (5), it is filled with noble gas (such as through air inlet (53) Nitrogen), make whole vacuum evaporator (5) be under inert gas shielding.When producing beginning, really The turbid juice of vegetables is in charging aperture (51) enters vacuum evaporator (5).The turbid juice of fruit and vegerable is through enzyme-deactivating and pre-dense After contracting, discharge through discharging opening (52).During it addition, produce beginning, also by air vent (54) Noble gas is discharged, so that whole vacuum evaporator (5) is under negative pressure state.

Fig. 4 schematically depict an example of the enzymolysis settling tank (6) of the present invention, and it is gas Close property, and comprise charging aperture (61), discharging opening (62), air inlet (63), and air vent (64).Before production, in enzymolysis settling tank (6), it is filled with noble gas (such as through air inlet (63) Nitrogen), make whole enzymolysis settling tank (6) be under inert gas shielding.When producing beginning, warp The turbid juice of fruit and vegerable of enzyme-deactivating and pre-concentration is in charging aperture (61) enters enzymolysis settling tank (6).Fruit and vegerable Turbid juice, after enzymolysis is clarified, is discharged through discharging opening (62).

Fig. 5 schematically depict an example of the filtration system (7) of the present invention, and it is airtight Property, and comprise charging aperture (71), and discharging opening (72), air inlet (73), and air vent (74). Before production, in filtration system (7), it is filled with noble gas (such as nitrogen) through air inlet (73), makes Whole filtration system (7) is under inert gas shielding.When producing beginning, through the fruit of enzymolysis clarification Vegetables juice is in charging aperture (71) enters filtration system (7).Fruit and vegetable juice after filtering, through discharging opening (72) Discharge.

Fig. 6 schematically depict an example of the steriliser (8) of the present invention, and it is air-tightness , and comprise charging aperture (81), and discharging opening (82), air inlet (83), and air vent (84). Before production, in steriliser (8), it is filled with noble gas (such as nitrogen) through air inlet (83), makes whole Individual steriliser (8) is under inert gas shielding.When producing beginning, filtered fruit and vegetable juice is through entering Material mouth (81) enters in steriliser (8).After fruit and vegetable juice is sterilized, discharge through discharging opening (82).

It should be understood that what Fig. 1-6 was merely exemplary.Assembly of the invention need not often All there is at individual assembly air inlet and air vent.Due to all component Dou Shi UNICOM in device And be that air-tightness connects, therefore, assembly of the invention can be selected from elevator (2), broken Machine (3), juice extractor (4), vacuum evaporator (5), enzymolysis settling tank (6), filtration system (7) With at one or more assemblies of steriliser (8), there is air inlet and air vent；By being arranged such Air inlet and air vent, noble gas (example can be filled with in whole device (all component) As, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide), get rid of air (oxygen the most therein).Additionally, such as Above-detailed, vacuum evaporator (5), enzymolysis settling tank (6), filtration system (7) and/ Or steriliser (8) can not include air inlet and air vent, and can not be bubble-tight, because of For after enzyme-deactivating, can be without again fruit and vegetable juice being carried out inert gas shielding.

Detailed description of the invention

Retouch referring now to the following embodiment being intended to illustrate the present invention (and non-limiting present invention) State the present invention.Those skilled in the art know, and embodiment describes the present invention by way of example, and It is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.

Anthocyanidin content, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and the measuring method of 5-HMF production rate

Measure the method for the anthocyanidin content in fruit and vegerable and fruit and vegetable juice, measurement polyphenol oxidase presses down The method of rate processed and the method for measurement 5-HMF production rate are all well known in the art.See Such as, anthocyanidin content during Shi Yue, Zhang Xiuling, Zou Yang .pH differential method measures blackberry residue Research. food industry science and technology .2007,12,56-57；Cheng Jianjun. polyphenol oxygen in apple-shape pear Change enzyme enzyme kinetics and the research of reaction process. Food Science .2002,8 (23), 69-71；With Leandro F.Damasceno, Fabiano A.N.Fernandes, Margarida M.A.Magalhaes,Edy S.Brito.Non-enzymatic browning in clarified cashew apple juice during thermal treatment: Kinetics and process control.Food Chemistry.2008,106, 172-179, it all integrates with herein by quoting.In the following embodiments, use these The method known is to measure anthocyanidin content, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 1.

Use include raw material surge tank (1), elevator (2), disintegrating machine (3), juice extractor (4), Vacuum evaporator (5), enzymolysis settling tank (6), filtration system (7), steriliser (8) and concentrator (9) red meat Fructus Mali pumilae is processed by assembly of the invention, wherein, and the elevator (2) used Being screw elevator, the disintegrating machine (3) used is cold beater, the juice extractor (4) used Being spiral juice extractor, the filtration system (7) used is Horizontal separator, disk centrifuge and surpasses Filter group, and the condition used includes, in vacuum evaporator (5), with 75-98 DEG C Preheating temperature apple juice 20-30s, carries out enzyme-deactivating and pre-concentration；In enzymolysis settling tank (6) In, (overall consumption is at 100-400 to use amylase, pectase, α-amylase and acid protease Ppm), enzymolysis clarification 40-90min at 30-60 DEG C；In filtration system, arrange horizontal point Disembarking as 2500-4000rpm/min, arranging disk centrifuge is 5500-6500rpm/min, Carrying out tandem solid-liquid separation, the supernatant after being centrifuged enters back into ultrafiltration unit, uses 150-350 The ultrafilter membrane of kDa molecular weight ranges filters；The sterilising conditions used is 90-121 DEG C, 15-120s.In whole device, with the discharging opening of water-stop raw material surge tank (1), make raw material Surge tank (1) and elevator (2) form U-type groove with extraneous；Elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3) gas Close property is connected, and utilizes water seal U-type groove to make disintegrating machine (3) be isolated with outside air；Further, With nitrogen, whole device is carried out inert gas shielding.Before starting to process red meat Fructus Mali pumilae, to Whole device is filled with nitrogen, fully the air within eliminating.

The procedure of processing of red meat Fructus Mali pumilae is as follows:

1) before starting to process red meat Fructus Mali pumilae, (include elevator (2) to whole device, crush Machine (3), juice extractor (4), connection pipeline therebetween and tank body) in be filled with nitrogen, in fully getting rid of The air in portion；

2) by hydrolock feed (that is, with water-stop raw material surge tank (1)), at isolation air Under conditions of, use screw elevator to be sent in cold beater by red meat Fructus Mali pumilae, crush；

3) enter, through broken puree, the spiral juice extractor that closed noble gas (nitrogen) is protected In, squeeze the juice, and juice slag is separated, thus obtain apple juice；

4) apple juice carries out enzyme-deactivating and pre-concentration in entering vacuum evaporator, adjusts temperature and is 75-98 DEG C, preheating time is 20-30s；

5) the turbid juice through pre-concentration enters in the enzymolysis settling tank that noble gas (nitrogen) is protected Row enzymolysis is clarified, and hydrolysis temperature is adjusted to 30-60 DEG C, uses amylase, pectase, liquefaction Enzyme and acid protease (overall consumption is at 100-400ppm)；

6) fruit juice after enzymolysis enters filtration system: initially enter Horizontal separator, with 2500-4000rpm/min is centrifuged；Subsequently into disk centrifuge, with 5500-6500 Rpm/min is centrifuged；Supernatant after being finally centrifuged enters ultrafiltration unit, uses 150-350 The ultrafilter membrane of kDa molecular weight ranges filters, to obtain apple clear juice；

7) to apple clear juice concentration, sterilizing, cooling, fill, sterilising conditions is 90-121 DEG C, 15-120s, thus obtain final product, the apple clear juice of high anthocyanidin content.

In the present embodiment, step 4) and 6)-7) (that is, vacuum evaporator (5), filtration system (7), steriliser (8) and concentrator (9)) do not carry out inert gas shielding.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 15-16%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.7-4.0mg/kg for 89-91%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 2.

In addition to disintegrating machine except using is negative pressure disintegrating machine, use side same as in Example 1 Method and device, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 15-16%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.5-4.0mg/kg for 89-91%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 3.

In addition to carrying out enzyme denaturing and pre-concentration with 80-96 DEG C in vacuum evaporator, use with The method and apparatus that embodiment 1 is identical, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 16-17%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.5-3.9mg/kg for 94-96%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 4.

In addition to carrying out enzyme denaturing and pre-concentration with 85-95 DEG C in vacuum evaporator, use with The method and apparatus that embodiment 1 is identical, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 16-17%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.6-3.9mg/kg for 94-96%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 5.

In addition to carrying out enzyme denaturing and pre-concentration with 92-94 DEG C in vacuum evaporator, use with The method and apparatus that embodiment 1 is identical, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 16-18%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.6-4.2mg/kg for 94.5-96%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 6.

In addition to carrying out enzyme denaturing and pre-concentration with 93 DEG C in vacuum evaporator, use and implement The method and apparatus that example 1 is identical, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 15-16.5%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme level Rate be 94.5-96%, 5-HMF production rate be 3.9-4.1mg/kg.

Embodiment 7.

In addition to carrying out enzymolysis clarification with 45-58 DEG C in enzymolysis settling tank, use and implement The method and apparatus that example 1 is identical, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 15-16%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.9-4.1mg/kg for 94.5-96%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 8.

In addition to carrying out enzymolysis clarification with 48-55 DEG C in enzymolysis settling tank, use and implement The method and apparatus that example 1 is identical, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 15-16%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.7-4.1mg/kg for 95-96%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 9.

In addition to carrying out enzymolysis clarification with 50 DEG C in enzymolysis settling tank, use and embodiment 1 Identical method and apparatus, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 15.5-16.2%, and polyphenol oxidase presses down Rate processed be 95-96%, 5-HMF production rate be 3.9-4.1mg/kg.

Embodiment 10.

Except sterilising conditions is 97-115 DEG C, outside 15-20s, use same as in Example 1 Method and apparatus, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 16.5-17%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme level Rate be 95-96.5%, 5-HMF production rate be 4.2-4.4mg/kg.

Embodiment 11.

Except sterilising conditions is 98-105 DEG C, outside 15-20s, use same as in Example 1 Method and apparatus, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 16-17%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 4.2-4.5mg/kg for 95-96%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 12.

Except sterilising conditions is 100 DEG C, outside 15-20s, use side same as in Example 1 Method and device, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 15-16%, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate It is 3.2-3.9mg/kg for 95-96%, 5-HMF production rate.

Embodiment 13.

Except sterilising conditions is 100 DEG C, outside 17s, use method same as in Example 1 And device, processing red meat Fructus Mali pumilae also obtains red meat apple clear juice.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is 14.7-16.5%, and polyphenol oxidase presses down Rate processed be 95-96%, 5-HMF production rate be 3.8-4.3mg/kg.

Comparing embodiment

Use include elevator, disintegrating machine, juice extractor, enzyme-removal machine, enzymatic vessel, filtration system, Red meat Fructus Mali pumilae is processed by vaporizer, the device of normal conventional of sterilization machine.Wherein, made Elevator be scraper lifting machine, the disintegrating machine used is cutter pick breaker, is used Juice extractor be belt press, the enzyme-removal machine used is tube heater, the steaming used Sending out device is quadruple effect falling film evaporator, the filtration system Horizontal separator that used, disk centrifuge And ultrafiltration unit, the sterilization machine used is bushing type bus sterilization machine；And the bar used Part includes, juice extractor air bag pressure is 1-5bar；In enzyme-removal machine, adjusting steam pressure is 4-6bar, carries out enzyme denaturing with the temperature of the 85-95 DEG C fruit juice to just having squeezed out and processes 60-90s； In enzymolysis settling tank, use amylase and pectase (overall consumption is at 100-400ppm), Enzymolysis clarification 60-120min at 30-60 DEG C；In filtration system, adjusting Horizontal separator is 2500-4000rpm/min, disk centrifuge is 5500-6500rpm/min, carries out tandem Solid-liquid separation, the supernatant after being centrifuged enters back into ultrafiltration unit, uses 150-350kDa molecular weight The ultrafilter membrane of scope filters；In vaporizer, with the temperature concentrated apple of 75-98 DEG C Juice；The sterilising conditions used is 90-121 DEG C, 15-120s.In whole device, it is The most common fruit and vegetable juice processing equipment, all devices and tank body all do not carry out inert gas shielding.

Procedure of processing as a example by red meat Fructus Mali pumilae is as follows:

1) material is promoted to cutter pick breaker by scraper lifting machine, carries out crushing and entering keeping in Tank；

2) puree through crushing is by pump pump to belt press, squeezes the juice, and is separated by juice slag, Thus obtain apple juice；

3), during apple juice enters enzyme denaturing device, at a temperature of 85-95 DEG C, 60-90s is kept, with Guarantee the endogenous enzyme inactivation in fruit juice；

4) the turbid juice through enzyme denaturing enters and carries out enzymolysis clarification in enzymolysis settling tank, and hydrolysis temperature adjusts For 30-60 DEG C, use amylase and pectase (overall consumption is at 100-400ppm)；

5) fruit juice after enzymolysis enters filtration system: initially enter Horizontal separator, with 2500-4000rpm/min is centrifuged；Subsequently into disk centrifuge, with 5500-6500 Rpm/min is centrifuged；Supernatant after being finally centrifuged enters ultrafiltration unit, uses 150-350 The ultrafilter membrane of kDa molecular weight ranges filters, to obtain apple clear juice；

6) to apple clear juice concentration, sterilizing, cooling, fill, sterilising conditions is 90-121 DEG C, 15-120s, thus obtain final product.

Measure obtained red meat apple clear juice anthocyanidin loss, polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate and 5-HMF production rate.Result shows, anthocyanidin loss is ＞ 30%(about 55%, and fruit juice is brown Red), polyphenol oxidase enzyme inhibition rate be 85-90%, 5-HMF production rate be 15-18mg/kg. The principal element causing anthocyanidin content to decline is, material is broken (special with in juice-extracting process It is before enzyme-deactivating) it is completely exposed under air, cause anthocyanidin and polyphenols promptly Oxidized, fruit juice color and luster deterioration is serious.

Although the detailed description of the invention of the present invention has obtained detailed description, but art technology Personnel it will be appreciated that according to disclosed all teachings, details can be carried out various amendment and Variation, and these changes are all within protection scope of the present invention.The four corner of the present invention Be given by claims and any equivalent thereof.

Claims (67)

1. processing a device for fruit and vegerable, it includes, by raw material surge tank (1), elevator (2) The water seal crushing system formed with disintegrating machine (3), wherein,

Raw material surge tank (1) has charging aperture (11) and discharging opening (12), and elevator (2) has charging Mouth (21) and discharging opening (22), disintegrating machine (3) has charging aperture (31) and discharging opening (32)；

Elevator (2) and disintegrating machine (3) are bubble-tight；And

The discharging opening (12) of raw material surge tank (1) connects with charging aperture (21) air-tightness of elevator (2) Connect, and the discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) is in height higher than the discharging opening of raw material surge tank (1) (12), thus raw material surge tank (1) and elevator (2) structurally form U-shaped linker；Further, The discharging opening (22) of elevator (2) is connected with charging aperture (31) air-tightness of disintegrating machine (3)；

Wherein, raw material surge tank (1) is not bubble-tight, and by raw material surge tank (1) Add water, discharging opening (12) is carried out fluid-tight, thus obtains elevator (2) and the gas of disintegrating machine (3) Close property.

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 1, wherein, raw material surge tank (1) Charging aperture (11) in height higher than discharging opening (12).

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 1, wherein, raw material surge tank (1) Also there is power transmission.

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 1, wherein, raw material surge tank (1) Conically shaped, cylindrical, pyramid, prismatic, or the combination of these shapes any.

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 4, described cone is infundibulate.

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 5, wherein, raw material surge tank (1) Being funnel-shaped container, wherein, discharging opening (12) is positioned at the bottom of container.

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 1, wherein, raw material surge tank (1) Also there is water inlet (13) and outlet (14).

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 1, wherein, raw material surge tank (1) Made by selected from following material: glass, plastics, and metal.

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 1, wherein, raw material surge tank (1) Made by selected from following material: alloy, and macromolecular material.

The device of processing fruit and vegerable the most according to claim 1, wherein, elevator (2) selects From screw elevator, scraper lifting machine, bucket elevator, band elevator.

The device of 11. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 7, wherein, elevator (2) Discharging opening (22) is in height higher than the water inlet (13) of raw material surge tank (1).

The device of 12. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 1, wherein, elevator (2) is also There is air inlet (23) and air vent (24).

The device of 13. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 1, wherein, disintegrating machine (3) is Cold beater or negative pressure disintegrating machine.

The device of 14. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 1, wherein, disintegrating machine (3) is also There is air inlet (33) and air vent (34).

The device of 15. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 1, wherein, disintegrating machine (3) is also Comprise slag notch (35).

The device of 16. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 15, wherein, slag notch (35) Liquid seal method and/or convertible sluice gate is used to seal.

The device of 17. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 1, wherein, disintegrating machine (3) is also Comprise holding vessel (36) and/or pump (37).

The device of 18. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 1, wherein, described processing fruit and vegerable Device also comprise juice extractor (4), described juice extractor (4) is bubble-tight, and described juice extractor (4) there is charging aperture (41) and discharging opening (42), and the charging aperture (41) of described juice extractor (4) It is connected with discharging opening (32) air-tightness of disintegrating machine (3).

The device of 19. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 18, wherein, juice extractor (4) is Spiral juice extractor.

The device of 20. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 19, wherein, juice extractor (4) It is to seal nitrogen charging spiral juice extractor.

The device of 21. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 18, wherein, juice extractor (4) is also There is air inlet (43) and air vent (44).

The device of 22. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 18, wherein, juice extractor (4) is also Comprise slag notch (45).

The device of 23. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 22, wherein, slag notch (45) Liquid seal method and/or convertible sluice gate is used to seal.

The device of 24. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 18, wherein, juice extractor (4) is also Comprise holding vessel and/or pump.

25. according to the device processing fruit and vegerable described in any one of claim 1-24, wherein, institute State processing fruit and vegerable device also comprise vacuum evaporator (5), enzymolysis settling tank (6), filtration system (7), Steriliser (8) and/or concentrator (9).

The device of 26. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 18, wherein, described processing fruit The device of vegetables also comprises vacuum evaporator (5), and described vacuum evaporator (5) is bubble-tight, and institute State vacuum evaporator (5) and there is charging aperture (51) and discharging opening (52), and described negative pressure evaporation The charging aperture (51) of device (5) is connected with discharging opening (42) air-tightness of juice extractor (4).

The device of 27. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 26, wherein, vacuum evaporator (5) heater is also comprised.

The device of 28. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 26, wherein, described processing fruit The device of vegetables also comprises enzymolysis settling tank (6) and filtration system (7), and described enzymolysis settling tank (6) has Having charging aperture (61) and discharging opening (62), described filtration system (7) has charging aperture (71) and discharging Mouth (72), and, enzymolysis settling tank (6) and filtration system (7) they are all bubble-tight, and enzymolysis The charging aperture (61) of settling tank (6) is connected with discharging opening (52) air-tightness of vacuum evaporator (5), enzyme The discharging opening (62) solving settling tank (6) is connected with charging aperture (71) air-tightness of filtration system (7).

The device of 29. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 18, wherein, described processing fruit The device of vegetables also comprises steriliser (8), and described steriliser (8) is bubble-tight, and and juice extractor (4) discharging opening (42) air-tightness connects.

The device of 30. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 26, wherein, described processing fruit The device of vegetables also comprises steriliser (8), and described steriliser (8) is bubble-tight, and steams with negative pressure Discharging opening (52) air-tightness sending out device (5) connects.

The device of 31. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 28, wherein, described processing fruit The device of vegetables also comprises steriliser (8), and described steriliser (8) is bubble-tight, and with filtering is Discharging opening (72) air-tightness of system (7) connects.

The device of 32. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 31, wherein, described processing fruit The device of vegetables also comprises concentrator (9), and described concentrator (9) is at filtration system (7) and steriliser (8) Between.

33. according to the device processing fruit and vegerable described in any one of claim 29-31, wherein, institute The device stating processing fruit and vegerable also comprises concentrator (9), and described concentrator (9) is after steriliser (8).

34. 1 kinds of methods processing fruit and vegerable, it comprises the following steps:

1) under conditions of starvation, fruit vegetable materials is crushed；

2) under conditions of starvation, squeeze the juice to through broken fruit vegetable materials, and will squeeze Juice separate with material residue, thus obtain the turbid juice of fruit and vegerable；

Wherein, the water seal crushing system in the device described in any one of claim 1-17 is used Carry out step 1).

The method of 35. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 34, in step 1) in, pass through Water seal and use noble gas, by fruit vegetable materials and oxygen-barrier.

The method of 36. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 34, wherein, is carried out as follows step Rapid 1): use the discharging opening (12) of water-stop raw material surge tank (1), and carry with noble gas filling The machine of liter (2) and disintegrating machine (3), to drain the air in device；Then fruit vegetable materials is added raw material In surge tank (1), and enter disintegrating machine (3) via elevator (2), crush.

The method of 37. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 34, wherein, in step 2) in, By using noble gas, by through broken fruit vegetable materials and oxygen-barrier.

The method of 38. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 34, wherein, uses juice extractor (4) carry out step 2), described juice extractor (4) is bubble-tight, and have charging aperture (41) and Discharging opening (42), and its charging aperture (41) is connected with discharging opening (32) air-tightness of disintegrating machine (3).

39. according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, and wherein, juice extractor (4) is Spiral juice extractor.

40. according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, and wherein, juice extractor (4) is Seal nitrogen charging spiral juice extractor.

41. according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, and wherein, juice extractor (4) is also There is air inlet (43) and air vent (44).

42. according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, and wherein, juice extractor (4) is also Comprise slag notch (45).

The method of 43. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 42, wherein, slag notch (45) Liquid seal method and/or convertible sluice gate is used to seal.

44., according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, wherein, are carrying out step 2) before, juice extractor (4) is filled with noble gas, to drain air therein.

45. according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, wherein, in step 1) in, With the discharging opening (12) of water-stop raw material surge tank (1), and with noble gas fill elevator (2), Disintegrating machine (3) and juice extractor (4), to drain air therein.

46. according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, wherein, through broken fruit Vegetables material enters juice extractor (4) from disintegrating machine (3), squeezes, thus obtains the turbid juice of fruit and vegerable.

47. according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 38, wherein, and described processing fruit The method of vegetables also includes, juice turbid to the fruit and vegerable obtained is processed, to obtain fruit-vegetable clear juice.

The method of 48. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 47, wherein, as follows to fruit and vegerable Turbid juice is processed, to obtain fruit-vegetable clear juice:

3) juice turbid to fruit and vegerable carries out enzyme-deactivating and pre-concentration；

4) to step 3) product carry out enzymolysis clarification；

5) to step 4) product filter；

6) to step 5) product concentrate and sterilizing, thus obtain fruit-vegetable clear juice.

The method of 49. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, step 3)-6) Carry out under conditions of starvation.

The method of 50. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 49, wherein, in step 3)-6) In, use noble gas to carry out starvation.

The method of 51. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, step 3)-6) Carry out under conditions of not starvation.

The method of 52. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, uses negative pressure to steam Send out device (5) and carry out step 3), described vacuum evaporator (5) is bubble-tight, and has charging aperture And discharging opening (52), and its charging aperture (51) is airtight with the discharging opening of juice extractor (4) (42) (51) Property connect.

The method of 53. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 52, wherein, vacuum evaporator (5) heater is also comprised.

The method of 54. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, at 75-98 DEG C At a temperature of carry out enzyme-deactivating and pre-concentration.

The method of 55. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 52, wherein, uses enzymolysis clear Clear tank (6) and filtration system (7) carry out step 4)-5), wherein, described enzymolysis settling tank (6) Having charging aperture (61) and discharging opening (62), described filtration system (7) has charging aperture (71) and goes out Expect mouth (72), and enzymolysis settling tank (6) and filtration system (7) they be all bubble-tight, and enzymolysis The charging aperture (61) of settling tank (6) is connected with discharging opening (52) air-tightness of vacuum evaporator (5), enzyme The discharging opening (62) solving settling tank (6) is connected with charging aperture (71) air-tightness of filtration system (7).

The method of 56. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, use amylase, Pectase, α-amylase, acid protease or its any combination carry out enzymolysis clarification.

The method of 57. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, at 30-60 DEG C At a temperature of carry out enzymolysis clarification.

The method of 58. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 55, wherein, uses steriliser (8) and concentrator (9) carries out step 6), and described steriliser (8) is bubble-tight, and It is connected with discharging opening (72) air-tightness of filtration system (7), and, described concentrator (9) is filtering Between system (7) and steriliser (8), or after steriliser (8).

The method of 59. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, uses Pasteur to kill Bacterium method carries out sterilizing.

The method of 60. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 59, wherein, at 90-121 DEG C At a temperature of, carry out pasteurize 15-120s.

The method of 61. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 48, wherein, described processing fruit The method of vegetables also includes, sterilized fruit-vegetable clear juice is carried out fill, in order to storage.

The method of 62. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 34, wherein said fruit and vegerable are rich Fruit and vegerable containing anthocyanidin.

The method of 63. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 62, described rich in anthocyanidin Fruit and vegerable are selected from a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc. and berry.

The method of 64. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 62, described rich in anthocyanidin Fruit and vegerable are red selected from red meat Fructus Mali pumilae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae, Cranberries, blue berry, Fructus Vitis viniferae, Ramulus Sambuci Williamsii, Black currant, Radix Dauci Sativae and red cabbage.

65. according to the processing fruit described in any one of claim 35,36,37,44,45 and 50 The method of vegetables, described noble gas is nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide.

66. crush according to the method processing fruit and vegerable described in claim 37 or 46, described warp Fruit vegetable materials is fruit-and-vegetable puree.

The method of 67. processing fruit and vegerable according to claim 46, wherein, described processing The method of fruit and vegerable also includes, juice turbid to described fruit and vegerable carries out further enzyme-deactivating and concentration.