CN103760494B - Method and system for estimating battery capacity online - Google Patents

Method and system for estimating battery capacity online Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103760494B
CN103760494B CN201410028099.6A CN201410028099A CN103760494B CN 103760494 B CN103760494 B CN 103760494B CN 201410028099 A CN201410028099 A CN 201410028099A CN 103760494 B CN103760494 B CN 103760494B
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parameter
capacity attenuation
capacity
attenuation
estimation
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CN103760494A (en
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韩雪冰
欧阳明高
卢兰光
李建秋
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Alashankou Keyi innovation Equity Investment Co.,Ltd.
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and discloses a method for estimating a battery capacity online. The method comprises the steps that S1, a capacity attenuation model is provided, and capacity attenuation model parameters are initialized; S2, a battery to be measured is charged and discharged repeatedly delta n times; S3, the estimated relative capacity attenuation of the current battery to be measured is obtained through calculation; S4, the real relative capacity attenuation of the battery to be measured is obtained in a testing mode; S5, an estimation error is calculated; S6, if the estimation error is larger than a preset permissible error, the capacity attenuation model parameters are corrected and updated through the estimation error, and then the step S2 is carried out; S7, if the estimation error is smaller than or equal to the preset permissible error, the capacity attenuation model parameters corrected the last time are determined to be the final capacity attenuation model parameters, the accurate capacity attenuation model corresponding to the battery to be measured is obtained, and then the relative capacity attenuation and the battery capacity of the battery to be measured are estimated in the future. The invention further discloses a system for estimating the battery capacity online. The method and system are convenient and easy to operate and high in accuracy.

Description

Battery capacity On-line Estimation method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium batteries is and in particular to a kind of battery capacity On-line Estimation method and system.
Background technology
Under increasingly serious overall background the problems such as environmental pollution, energy crisis, greenhouse effect, develop new energy source technology Become the most important thing, wherein, battery technology, as one of new energy source technology, is more and more subject to everybody common concern.Especially Lithium-ion-power cell, now development is very swift and violent, the fields such as electric motor car, energy storage station all obtained widely should With.However, with the cycle charge-discharge of battery, battery can be gradually aging, and its performance can gradually decay, especially its capacity can be by Decrescence few.
In a practical situation, battery capacity reduces, can affect inside battery storage energy number, such as in electric motor car On, the continual mileage of electric motor car can be directly affected.Accurately estimate it is possible to meeting without that battery capacity is decayed Due to the mistake estimation to continual mileage, and the generation of the accident such as lead to cast anchor in the wild.If do not had to capacity attenuation One reasonably cognitive it is possible to lead to the excessive use to battery, and then lead to the life-span sharp-decay of battery.Therefore, exist During actual battery uses, corresponding battery management system should have rational algorithm for estimating to battery capacity.
To battery capacity, the most accurate method of estimation is exactly in the lab, accurately measures electricity by cell capacity test The capacity in pond, as little multiplying power constant current charge-discharge test in general.But for the battery on real vehicle, its charging has can Can be to carry out on charging pile, therefore its charging operating mode is probably constant-current charge or the constant-current constant-voltage charging of standard, but its Electric discharge, typically by decisions such as actual road conditions and driver habits, is unlikely to be the constant-current discharge operating mode of standard certainly, and Battery also not necessarily can discharge every time and be put into sky, and the electricity that therefore actual every primary cell is released often is not equal to its capacity, And the capacity estimation for the battery under current intelligence, extremely difficult.If by regularly correcting, exact value can be obtained, If but correction is too frequent, Consumer's Experience is poor, and corrects that frequency is too low, except firm correction after a period of time it Outward, in other times, effect is poor.
It is an object of the invention to propose the battery that a kind of capacity open loop based on model is estimated plus periodic calibrating corrects holding Amount estimation method, can reasonably estimate battery capacity in actual battery management system.
Content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solving the problems, such as that complex operation present in prior art, accuracy are low.
For this reason, it is an object of the present invention to proposing a kind of easy and simple to handle, battery capacity On-line Estimation that accuracy is high Method.
Another object of the present invention is to proposing a kind of easy and simple to handle, battery capacity On-line Estimation system that accuracy is high.
To achieve these goals, the battery capacity On-line Estimation method of the embodiment according to one aspect of the invention, bag Include: s1. provides capacity attenuation model and initializes capacity attenuation model parameter；S2. by mesuring battary charge and discharge cycles δ n time, Wherein δ n is default positive integer；S3. according to described capacity attenuation model and capacity attenuation model parameter, obtain presently described The estimation relative capacity attenuation of mesuring battary；S4. test the true capacity of presently described mesuring battary, obtain described electricity to be measured The true relative capacity attenuation in pond；S5. by described true relative capacity attenuation and described estimation relative capacity attenuation phase Subtract, obtain estimation difference；If s6. described estimation difference is more than default allowable error, using described estimation difference to described appearance Amount attenuation model parameter is modified updating, and then skips to step s2；If s7. described estimation difference is default fair less than or equal to described Permitted error it is determined that revised capacity attenuation model parameter, as termination capacity attenuation model parameter, obtains institute for the last time State the corresponding accurate capacity attenuation model of mesuring battary, wherein said accurate capacity attenuation model is used for future to described electricity to be measured The relative capacity attenuation in pond and battery capacity are estimated.
Battery capacity On-line Estimation method according to embodiments of the present invention, has the advantages that easy and simple to handle, accuracy is high.
In addition, battery capacity On-line Estimation method according to embodiments of the present invention also has a following additional technical feature:
In an example of the present invention, the capacity attenuation model of described mesuring battary is:Wherein,For estimation relative capacity after n-th charge and discharge cycles for the described mesuring battary Attenuation,For estimation relative capacity attenuation after (n-1)th charge and discharge cycles for the described mesuring battary, t is described to be measured Battery carries out ambient temperature during n-th charge and discharge cycles, the first parameter that a represents,Represent the second parameter, z represents Three parameters.
In an example of the present invention, described initialization capacity attenuation model parameter includes: chooses and described electricity to be measured The described reference battery of pond same type, known termination capacity attenuation model parameter, the described a of initialization is described reference battery pair The first parameter in the capacity attenuation model answered, initialization is describedFor described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model In the second parameter, initializing described z is the 3rd parameter in described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model.
In an example of the present invention, the computing formula of the true relative capacity attenuation of described mesuring battary isWherein, c is the true capacity of the presently described mesuring battary detecting, c0Initial appearance for described mesuring battary Amount.
In an example of the present invention, described using described estimation difference, described capacity attenuation model parameter is repaiied Just update and specifically include: described first parameter is updated, the first parameters revision formula is: ak=ak-1+k1×δξ；To institute State the second parameter to be updated, the second parameters revision formula is:Described 3rd parameter is entered Row updates, and the 3rd parameters revision formula is: zk=zk-1+k3× δ ξ, wherein, the k in subscript represents revised parameter, subscript In k-1 represent the parameter before correction, k1Represent default first correction factor, k2Represent default second correction factor, k3Table Show default 3rd correction factor, δ ξ represents described estimation difference.
The battery capacity On-line Estimation system of embodiment according to a further aspect of the invention, comprising: charge and discharge cycles count Module, for recording the charge and discharge cycles number of times of mesuring battary, again from zero after charge and discharge cycles number of times arrival δ is n time Start counting up；Capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, for memory capacity attenuation model parameter；Estimate relative capacity attenuation Computing module, described estimation relative capacity attenuation computing module respectively with described charge and discharge cycles counting module and described capacity Attenuation model parameter storage unit is connected, and just brings described capacity attenuation model parameter into for often completing 1 charge and discharge cycles Capacity attenuation model obtains the estimation relative capacity attenuation of described mesuring battary；True relative capacity attenuation test module, Described true relative capacity attenuation computing module is connected with described charge and discharge cycles counting module, for whenever described discharge and recharge When cycle-index is δ n time, the true capacity of the described mesuring battary of test, and calculate the true relative capacity of described mesuring battary Attenuation；Multilevel iudge module, described multilevel iudge module estimates relative capacity attenuation computing module and institute with described respectively State true relative capacity attenuation test module to be connected, described multilevel iudge module is used for described true relative capacity attenuation It is compared with described estimation relative capacity attenuation, obtains estimation difference, and judge that described estimation difference is allowed by mistake with default The magnitude relationship of difference；Capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module, described capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module respectively with described Multilevel iudge module is connected with described capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, when the judged result of described multilevel iudge module is When described estimation difference is more than default allowable error, described capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module utilizes described estimation difference pair Described capacity attenuation model parameter is modified updating, and the capacity attenuation model parameter after updating is stored in described capacity attenuation Model parameter memory element；Termination capacity attenuation model output module, described termination capacity attenuation model output module respectively with Described multilevel iudge module is connected with described capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, when the judgement knot of described multilevel iudge module When fruit is that described estimation difference is less than or equal to default allowable error, described termination capacity attenuation model output module is by described capacity In attenuation model parameter storage unit, the capacity attenuation model parameter of storage, as termination capacity attenuation model parameter, obtains final Capacity attenuation model simultaneously exports, and wherein said termination capacity attenuation model is used for the following relative capacity to described mesuring battary and declines Decrement and battery capacity are estimated.
Battery capacity On-line Estimation system according to embodiments of the present invention, has the advantages that easy and simple to handle, accuracy is high.
In addition, battery capacity On-line Estimation system according to embodiments of the present invention also has a following additional technical feature:
In an example of the present invention, the capacity attenuation model of described mesuring battary is:Wherein,For estimation relative capacity after n-th charge and discharge cycles for the described mesuring battary Attenuation,For estimation relative capacity attenuation after (n-1)th charge and discharge cycles for the described mesuring battary, t is described to be measured Battery carries out ambient temperature during n-th charge and discharge cycles, the first parameter that a represents,Represent the second parameter, z represents Three parameters.
In an example of the present invention, in capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, initialized described capacity attenuation Model parameter includes: chooses and described mesuring battary same type, known termination capacity attenuation model parameter described reference electricity Pond, initializes the first parameter that described a is in described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model, and initialization is describedFor The second parameter in the corresponding capacity attenuation model of described reference battery, the described z of initialization is the corresponding appearance of described reference battery The 3rd parameter in amount attenuation model.
In an example of the present invention, in described true relative capacity attenuation test module, described mesuring battary Truly the computing formula of relative capacity attenuation isWherein, c is the true of the presently described mesuring battary that detects Capacity, c0Initial capacity for described mesuring battary.
In an example of the present invention, described capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module specifically includes: the first parameter is repaiied Positive module, for being updated to described first parameter, the first parameters revision formula is: ak=ak-1+k1×δξ；Second parameter Correcting module, for being updated to described second parameter, the second parameters revision formula is:3rd parameters revision module, for being updated to described 3rd parameter, the 3rd parameter is repaiied Positive formula is: zk=zk-1+k3× δ ξ, wherein, the k in subscript represents revised parameter, before the k-1 in subscript represents correction Parameter, k1Represent default first correction factor, k2Represent default second correction factor, k3Represent default 3rd correction Coefficient, δ ξ represents described estimation difference.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and partly will become from the following description Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become from reference to the description to embodiment for the accompanying drawings below Substantially and easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the battery capacity On-line Estimation method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the battery capacity On-line Estimation system of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the capacity attenuation model parameter correction mould in the battery capacity On-line Estimation system of one embodiment of the invention The internal structure block diagram of block.
Fig. 4 is the capacity attenuation model parameter situation of change of one embodiment of the invention and showing of estimation difference situation of change It is intended to.
Fig. 5 is the On-line Estimation curve of one embodiment of the invention and the comparison diagram of experiment test curve.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the battery capacity On-line Estimation of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from start to finish The element that same or similar label represents same or similar element or has same or like function.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary it is intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In describing the invention it is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and can not It is interpreted as indicating or imply relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " the One ", the feature of " second " can be expressed or implicitly include one or more this feature.In describing the invention, " multiple " are meant that two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integral；Can be that machinery connects Connect or electrically connect；Can be to be joined directly together it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be in two elements The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to concrete feelings Condition understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In flow chart or here any process described otherwise above or method description are construed as, represent and include The module of the code of executable instruction of one or more steps for realizing specific logical function or process, fragment or portion Point, and the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes other realization, wherein can not press shown or discuss suitable Sequence, including according to involved function by substantially simultaneously in the way of or in the opposite order, carry out perform function, this should be by the present invention Embodiment person of ordinary skill in the field understood.
Represent in flow charts or here logic described otherwise above and/or step, for example, it is possible to be considered as to use In the order list of the executable instruction realizing logic function, may be embodied in any computer-readable medium, for Instruction execution system, device or equipment (system as computer based system, including processor or other can hold from instruction Row system, device or equipment instruction fetch the system of execute instruction) use, or with reference to these instruction execution systems, device or set Standby and use.
It should be appreciated that each several part of the present invention can be realized with hardware, software, firmware or combinations thereof.Above-mentioned In embodiment, the software that multiple steps or method can be executed in memory and by suitable instruction execution system with storage Or firmware is realizing.For example, if realized with hardware, and the same in another embodiment, can use well known in the art under Any one of row technology or their combination are realizing: have the logic gates for data signal is realized with logic function Discrete logic, there is the special IC of suitable combinational logic gate circuit, programmable gate array (pga), scene Programmable gate array (fpga) etc..
Those skilled in the art are appreciated that to realize all or part step that above-described embodiment method carries Suddenly the program that can be by completes come the hardware to instruct correlation, and described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable storage medium In matter, this program upon execution, including one or a combination set of the step of embodiment of the method.Storage medium mentioned above can be Read only memory, disk or CD etc..
Additionally, can be integrated in a processing module in each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention it is also possible to It is that unit is individually physically present it is also possible to two or more units are integrated in a module.Above-mentioned integrated mould Block both can be to be realized in the form of hardware, it would however also be possible to employ the form of software function module is realized.Described integrated module is such as Fruit using in the form of software function module realize and as independent production marketing or use when it is also possible to be stored in a computer In read/write memory medium.
As shown in figure 1, battery capacity On-line Estimation method according to an embodiment of the invention may include steps of:
S1., capacity attenuation model is provided and initializes capacity attenuation model parameter.
In an example of the present invention, the capacity attenuation model of mesuring battary is: Wherein,For estimation relative capacity attenuation after n-th charge and discharge cycles for the mesuring battary,For mesuring battary (n-1)th Estimation relative capacity attenuation after secondary charge and discharge cycles, t carries out environment temperature during n-th charge and discharge cycles for mesuring battary Degree, the first parameter that a represents,Represent the second parameter, z represents the 3rd parameter.
In an example of the present invention, initialization capacity attenuation model parameter process specifically include: choose with to be measured The reference battery of battery same type, known termination capacity attenuation model parameter, initialization a declines for the corresponding capacity of reference battery Subtract the first parameter in model, initializationFor the second parameter in reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model, initialize Z is the 3rd parameter in reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model.
S2. by mesuring battary charge and discharge cycles δ n time, wherein δ n is default positive integer.
For example, δ n can be with value for 90 times or other arbitrary number of times.
S3. according to capacity attenuation model and capacity attenuation model parameter, obtain the estimation relative capacity of current mesuring battary Attenuation.
Specifically, every charge and discharge cycles once, just using capacity attenuation model and capacity attenuation model parameter calculation once The estimation relative capacity attenuation of mesuring battary.If above adding up charge and discharge cycles k* δ n time, also by k* δ n time It is calculated the current estimation relative capacity attenuation of mesuring battary.
S4. test the true capacity of current mesuring battary, obtain the true relative capacity attenuation of mesuring battary.
In an example of the present invention, the computing formula of the true relative capacity attenuation of mesuring battary is Wherein, c is the true capacity of the current mesuring battary detecting, c0Initial capacity for mesuring battary.It should be noted that surveying Try current mesuring battary true capacity typically require experiment interior carry out, troublesome poeration.It is not preferably therefore to fill every time All test the true capacity of mesuring battary after discharge cycles, but just test 1 currently electricity to be measured after every charge and discharge cycles δ n time The true capacity in pond.
S5. true relative capacity attenuation is subtracted each other with estimation relative capacity attenuation, obtain estimation difference.
I.e. estimation differenceWherein, ξ is the true relative capacity attenuation of the mesuring battary that detection obtains, Estimation relative capacity attenuation for calculated mesuring battary.
If s6. estimation difference is more than default allowable error, using estimation difference, capacity attenuation model parameter is repaiied Just update, then skip to step s2.
In an example of the present invention, specifically, the first parameter is updated, the first parameters revision formula is: ak =ak-1+k1×δξ；Second parameter is updated, the second parameters revision formula is:Right 3rd parameter is updated, and the 3rd parameters revision formula is: zk=zk-1+k3×δξ.Wherein, the k in subscript represents revised Parameter, the k-1 in subscript represents the parameter before correction, k1Represent default first correction factor, k2Represent default second correction Coefficient, k3Represent default 3rd correction factor, δ ξ represents estimation difference.After revising well, skip to step s2, start a new round Iterated revision.
If s7. estimation difference is less than or equal to default allowable error it is determined that revised capacity attenuation model for the last time Parameter, as termination capacity attenuation model parameter, obtains the corresponding accurate capacity attenuation model of mesuring battary, wherein accurate capacity Attenuation model will be estimated to the relative capacity attenuation of mesuring battary and battery capacity for future.
Specifically, after finally determining the first parameter, the second parameter and the 3rd parameter, accurate capacity attenuation mould can be obtained Type.According to this accurate capacity attenuation model, the relative capacity attenuation after each charge and discharge cycles can be obtained, then according to public affairs Formula c=(1- ξ) c0, can be with On-line Estimation battery capacity.
Battery capacity On-line Estimation method according to the above embodiment of the present invention, has simple to operate, high excellent of accuracy Point.
As shown in Fig. 2 battery capacity On-line Estimation system according to an embodiment of the invention can include following part: Charge and discharge cycles counting module 10, capacity attenuation model parameter memory element 20, estimate relative capacity attenuation computing module 30, True relative capacity attenuation test module 40, multilevel iudge module 50, capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module 60 and Whole capacity attenuation model output module 70.
Charge and discharge cycles counting module 10 is used for recording the charge and discharge cycles number of times of mesuring battary, whenever charge and discharge cycles time Count to and count from zero again after reaching δ n time.
Capacity attenuation model parameter memory element 20 is used for memory capacity attenuation model parameter.
In an example of the present invention, in capacity attenuation model parameter memory element 20, initially store (initializes ) capacity attenuation model parameter includes: choose and mesuring battary same type, the reference of known termination capacity attenuation model parameter Battery, initialization a is the first parameter in reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model, initializationFor reference battery pair The second parameter in the capacity attenuation model answered, initialization z is the 3rd parameter in reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model.
Estimate relative capacity attenuation computing module 30 respectively with charge and discharge cycles counting module 10 and capacity attenuation model Parameter storage unit 20 is connected.Estimate that relative capacity attenuation computing module 30 just will hold for often completing 1 charge and discharge cycles Amount attenuation model parameter brings the estimation relative capacity attenuation that capacity attenuation model obtains mesuring battary into.
In an example of the present invention, the capacity attenuation model of mesuring battary is: Wherein,For estimation relative capacity attenuation after n-th charge and discharge cycles for the mesuring battary,For mesuring battary (n-1)th Estimation relative capacity attenuation after secondary charge and discharge cycles, t carries out environment temperature during n-th charge and discharge cycles for mesuring battary Degree, the first parameter that a represents,Represent the second parameter, z represents the 3rd parameter.
It should be noted that the every charge and discharge cycles of mesuring battary are once, just estimate relative capacity attenuation computing module 30 Estimation relative capacity attenuation using capacity attenuation model and mesuring battary of capacity attenuation model parameter calculation.If front Face adds up charge and discharge cycles k* δ n time, then obtain the current estimation relative capacity of mesuring battary also by k* δ n computations and decline Decrement.
True relative capacity attenuation computing module 40 is connected with charge and discharge cycles counting module 10.True relative capacity declines Decrement test module 40 is used for, when charge and discharge cycles number of times is δ n time, testing the true capacity of mesuring battary, and calculates and treat Survey the true relative capacity attenuation of battery.
In an example of the present invention, in true relative capacity attenuation test module 40, the true phase of mesuring battary To the computing formula of capacity attenuation amount it isWherein, c is the true capacity of the current mesuring battary detecting, c0For treating Survey the initial capacity of battery.
Multilevel iudge module 50 respectively with estimate relative capacity attenuation computing module 30 and true relative capacity attenuation Test module 40 is connected.Multilevel iudge module 50 is used for carrying out true relative capacity attenuation with estimation relative capacity attenuation Relatively, obtain estimation difference, and judge the magnitude relationship of estimation difference and default allowable error.
Specifically, calculate estimation differenceWherein, ξ is the true relative capacity of the mesuring battary that detection obtains Attenuation,Estimation relative capacity attenuation for calculated mesuring battary.Then judge that estimation difference is allowed with default Application condition size.
Capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module 60 is stored with multilevel iudge module 50 and capacity attenuation model parameter respectively Unit 20 is connected.When the judged result of multilevel iudge module 50 is more than default allowable error for estimation difference, capacity attenuation mould Shape parameter correcting module 60 is modified to capacity attenuation model parameter updating using estimation difference, and the capacity after updating is declined Subtract model parameter and be stored in capacity attenuation model parameter memory element 20.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module 60 specifically includes: the One parameters revision module 610, the second parameters revision module 620 and the 3rd parameters revision module 630.Wherein first parameters revision mould Block 610 is used for the first parameter is updated, and the first parameters revision formula is: ak=ak-1+k1×δξ.Second parameters revision mould Block 620 is used for the second parameter is updated, and the second parameters revision formula is:3rd ginseng Number correcting module 630 is used for the 3rd parameter is updated, and the 3rd parameters revision formula is: zk=zk-1+k3×δξ.Above-mentioned public affairs In formula, the k in subscript represents revised parameter, and the k-1 in subscript represents the parameter before correction, k1Represent that default first repaiies Positive coefficient, k2Represent default second correction factor, k3Represent default 3rd correction factor, δ ξ represents estimation difference.
Termination capacity attenuation model output module 70 is stored with multilevel iudge module 50 and capacity attenuation model parameter respectively Unit 20 is connected.When the judged result of multilevel iudge module 50 is less than or equal to default allowable error for estimation difference, final appearance Amount attenuation model output module 70 using in capacity attenuation model parameter memory element 20 storage capacity attenuation model parameter as Termination capacity attenuation model parameter, obtains termination capacity attenuation model and exports.Wherein termination capacity attenuation model is used for future The relative capacity attenuation and battery capacity of mesuring battary is estimated.
Specifically, after finally determining the first parameter, the second parameter and the 3rd parameter, accurate capacity attenuation mould can be obtained Type.According to this accurate capacity attenuation model, the relative capacity attenuation after each charge and discharge cycles can be obtained, then according to public affairs Formula c=(1- ξ) c0, can be with On-line Estimation battery capacity.
Battery capacity On-line Estimation system according to embodiments of the present invention, has the advantages that easy and simple to handle, accuracy is high.
For making those skilled in the art more fully understand the effect of the present invention, it is as follows that applicant lifts a specific embodiment.
It is in the lithium ion battery of graphite in just extremely LiFePO4, a negative pole, first with the known determination of same model The reference battery of parameter determines that initial battery capacity attenuation model parameter is: a=0.15, ea/r=1400, z=0.5.This holds Amount attenuation model parameter and the realistic model parameter slightly difference of battery.By the above-mentioned method of estimation of the present invention and system, walk Step iterated revision, through correction after a period of time, battery capacity attenuation model parameter is progressively revised, when open loop is estimated 1% is approximately less than to the estimation difference of capacity, model parameter also progressively converges to fixed value, with reference to Fig. 4.Determine final capacity After attenuation model parameter, On-line Estimation is carried out to battery.From fig. 5, it can be seen that being obtained using the method for the present invention and system Lithium battery relative capacity On-line Estimation curve very high with experiment test curve co-insides degree, the result precision of On-line Estimation is described High.
Sum it up, the thinking of the battery capacity On-line Estimation of the present invention be battery in groups with the management system stage, For reduces cost, battery capacity attenuation model parameter is not specifically tested, and adopts the battery capacity decay mark of same type Quasi- parameter；When running, using capacity attenuation model, according to the charging and discharging currents of battery, ambient temperature, depth of discharge Deng key parameter, the capacity of the estimation battery of open loop, the result for capacity estimation can be used for the management of battery management system Algorithm, so that energy management algorithm of car load etc.；At set intervals, battery is demarcated, measure its true capacity, survey Amount result contrasted with model estimated result, using model estimation difference feedback modifiers model parameter, simultaneously by with surveying Capacity data updates the battery capacity value of battery management system.The logic diagram of whole capacity On-line Estimation is as shown in Figure 6.So Algorithm for estimating, estimated accuracy is high, and system cost is low, and can be with the battery of self adaptation different manufacturers different batches.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy describing with reference to this embodiment or example Point is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be in office Combine in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.Additionally, those skilled in the art can be by this specification Described in different embodiments or example be combined and combine.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property it is impossible to be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of battery capacity On-line Estimation method is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1., a kind of capacity attenuation model is provided and initializes capacity attenuation model parameter, wherein, the capacity attenuation mould of mesuring battary Type is:Wherein,For estimation after n-th charge and discharge cycles for the described mesuring battary relatively Capacity attenuation amount,For estimation relative capacity attenuation after (n-1)th charge and discharge cycles for the described mesuring battary, t is described Mesuring battary carries out ambient temperature during n-th charge and discharge cycles, the first parameter that a represents,Represent the second parameter, z table Show the 3rd parameter；
S2. by mesuring battary charge and discharge cycles δ n time, wherein δ n is default positive integer；
S3. according to described capacity attenuation model and capacity attenuation model parameter, obtain the estimation of presently described mesuring battary relatively Capacity attenuation amount；
S4. test the true capacity of presently described mesuring battary, obtain the true relative capacity attenuation of described mesuring battary, its In, the computing formula of the true relative capacity attenuation of described mesuring battary isWherein, c is detect current The true capacity of described mesuring battary, c0Initial capacity for described mesuring battary；
S5. described true relative capacity attenuation is subtracted each other with described estimation relative capacity attenuation, obtain estimation difference；
If s6. described estimation difference is more than default allowable error, using described estimation difference, described capacity attenuation model is joined Number is modified updating, and then skips to step s2；
If s7. described estimation difference is less than or equal to described default allowable error it is determined that revised capacity attenuation for the last time Model parameter, as termination capacity attenuation model parameter, obtains the corresponding accurate capacity attenuation model of described mesuring battary, wherein Described accurate capacity attenuation model will be estimated to the relative capacity attenuation of described mesuring battary and battery capacity for future.
2. battery capacity On-line Estimation method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described initialization capacity attenuation mould Shape parameter includes: chooses and described mesuring battary same type, the reference battery of known termination capacity attenuation model parameter, initially Change the first parameter that described a is in described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model, initialization is describedFor described reference The second parameter in battery corresponding capacity attenuation model, the described z of initialization is described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation mould The 3rd parameter in type.
3. battery capacity On-line Estimation method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described using described estimation difference It is modified renewal to described capacity attenuation model parameter to specifically include:
Described first parameter is updated, the first parameters revision formula is: ak=ak-1+k1×δξ；
Described second parameter is updated, the second parameters revision formula is:
Described 3rd parameter is updated, the 3rd parameters revision formula is: zk=zk-1+k3× δ ξ,
Wherein, the k in subscript represents revised parameter, and the k-1 in subscript represents the parameter before correction, k1Represent default One correction factor, k2Represent default second correction factor, k3Represent default 3rd correction factor, δ ξ represents described and estimates by mistake Difference.
4. a kind of battery capacity On-line Estimation system is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Charge and discharge cycles counting module, for recording the charge and discharge cycles number of times of mesuring battary, whenever charge and discharge cycles time are counted to Count from zero again after reaching δ n time；
A kind of capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, for memory capacity attenuation model parameter, wherein, the capacity of mesuring battary Attenuation model is:Wherein,For described mesuring battary estimating after n-th charge and discharge cycles Meter relative capacity attenuation,For estimation relative capacity attenuation after (n-1)th charge and discharge cycles for the described mesuring battary, t Carry out ambient temperature during n-th charge and discharge cycles for described mesuring battary, the first parameter that a represents,Represent the second ginseng Number, z represents the 3rd parameter；
Estimate relative capacity attenuation computing module, described estimation relative capacity attenuation computing module respectively with described discharge and recharge Cycle count module is connected with described capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, for often completing 1 charge and discharge cycles just by institute State capacity attenuation model parameter and bring the estimation relative capacity attenuation that capacity attenuation model obtains described mesuring battary into；
True relative capacity attenuation test module, described true relative capacity attenuation test module and described charge and discharge cycles Counting module is connected, for when described charge and discharge cycles number of times is δ n time, the true capacity of the described mesuring battary of test, And calculate the true relative capacity attenuation of described mesuring battary, wherein, in described true relative capacity attenuation test module, The computing formula of the true relative capacity attenuation of described mesuring battary isWherein, c is detect presently described The true capacity of mesuring battary, c0Initial capacity for described mesuring battary；
Multilevel iudge module, described multilevel iudge module respectively with described estimation relative capacity attenuation computing module and described true Reality is connected to capacity attenuation amount test module, and described multilevel iudge module is used for described true relative capacity attenuation and institute State estimation relative capacity attenuation to be compared, obtain estimation difference, and judge described estimation difference and default allowable error Magnitude relationship；
Capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module, described capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module respectively with described multilevel iudge mould Block is connected with described capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, when the judged result of described multilevel iudge module is that described estimation misses When difference is more than default allowable error, described capacity attenuation model parameter correcting module is declined to described capacity using described estimation difference Subtract model parameter to be modified updating, and the capacity attenuation model parameter after updating is stored in described capacity attenuation model parameter and deposit Storage unit；
Termination capacity attenuation model output module, described termination capacity attenuation model output module respectively with described multilevel iudge mould Block is connected with described capacity attenuation model parameter memory element, when the judged result of described multilevel iudge module is that described estimation misses When difference is less than or equal to default allowable error, described capacity attenuation model parameter is deposited by described termination capacity attenuation model output module In storage unit, the capacity attenuation model parameter of storage, as termination capacity attenuation model parameter, obtains termination capacity attenuation model simultaneously Output, wherein said termination capacity attenuation model is used for the following relative capacity attenuation to described mesuring battary and battery capacity Estimated.
5. battery capacity On-line Estimation system according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that capacity attenuation model parameter stores In unit, initialized described capacity attenuation model parameter includes: chooses and described mesuring battary same type, known final appearance The reference battery of amount attenuation model parameter, the described a of initialization is first in described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model Parameter, initialization is describedFor the second parameter in described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model, initialize described z For the 3rd parameter in described reference battery corresponding capacity attenuation model.
6. battery capacity On-line Estimation system according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described capacity attenuation model parameter Correcting module specifically includes:
First parameters revision module, for being updated to described first parameter, the first parameters revision formula is: ak=ak-1+k1 ×δξ；
Second parameters revision module, for being updated to described second parameter, the second parameters revision formula is:
3rd parameters revision module, for being updated to described 3rd parameter, the 3rd parameters revision formula is: zk=zk-1+k3 × δ ξ,
Wherein, the k in subscript represents revised parameter, and the k-1 in subscript represents the parameter before correction, k1Represent default One correction factor, k2Represent default second correction factor, k3Represent default 3rd correction factor, δ ξ represents described and estimates by mistake Difference.
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