CN103759954A - Method and device for precisely testing rolling resistance of tyres - Google Patents
Method and device for precisely testing rolling resistance of tyres Download PDFInfo
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- CN103759954A CN103759954A CN201410064402.8A CN201410064402A CN103759954A CN 103759954 A CN103759954 A CN 103759954A CN 201410064402 A CN201410064402 A CN 201410064402A CN 103759954 A CN103759954 A CN 103759954A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for precisely testing rolling resistance of tyres and belongs to the field of tyre kinetic characteristic testing tests. By means of the method and device, the problem that an existing tyre testing machine with a multi-component-force sensor installed can not precisely measure tyre rolling resistance. The method for testing the tyre rolling resistance includes the steps that the state of a tyre in the state that the longitudinal force is zero is set according to a side inclining angle and vertical load required for testing, zero clearing processing is carried out on each force output channel of the tyre multi-component-force sensor, and datum points for testing the tyre rolling resistance are accordingly chosen so as to test the rolling resistance; in this way, the crosstalk of the vertical load on the rolling resistance can be eliminated, and the purpose of precisely testing the tyre rolling resistance is achieved. It can be achieved by the testing device that the tyre is in the state that the longitudinal force is zero. The method and device can be widely applied to tyre characteristic test tables with multi-component-force sensors installed and is suitable for precisely testing rolling resistance of all kinds of tyres.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tire dynamic property test test field, be specifically related to a kind of tire drag method for accurate testing and device, by eliminating the coupling crosstalk of vertical load to resistance to rolling, can accurately measure the resistance to rolling of tire, for the dynamics research of tire provides test figure more accurately.
Background technology
Tire is the vitals on automobile, and the acting force between car load and ground all transmits by tire.Mechanics of tire characteristic is the basis of automotive performance analysis and design, and the performances such as the security of automobile, operational stability, ride comfort are had to important impact.Tire mechanical property testing platform is one of key equipment of tire characteristics modeling and Full Vehicle Modelling, integrated, adjustment and exploitation, it can realize the various operating conditions of tire, and measure six-freedom degree kinematic parameter and with the relation of the many component in ground, it is vehicle dynamics simulation design key Data Source.
The resistance to rolling of tire is a key parameter that affects Fuel consumption.With respect to loading of tire, tire drag numerical value is very little, so its measurement is very difficult, very high to the requirement of equipment precision.At present, both at home and abroad the method for testing tire resistance to rolling is a lot, comprises dynamometry, power method, Torque method and retardation method etc., but which kind of method no matter, its experimental measurement result finally all should be converted into the resistance to rolling acting between tire and road surface.
The critical component of tire mechanical property testing platform is many component sensor, but the actual many component sensor using is respectively tieed up between power output signal all coupling crosstalks of various degrees.Cause the factor of coupling crosstalk to mainly contain two aspects: the one, the design concept of many component sensor, processing and manufacturing, sensitive element characteristic etc., the 2nd, alignment error when many component sensor uses on testing table.This effect of intercoupling has seriously restricted the measuring accuracy of sensor, and when especially each dimension power size differs greatly, the measuring error causing due to coupling influence should not be underestimated.For example generally, the vertical load of tire is about 100 times of resistances to rolling, so the coupling that tire vertical load produces resistance to rolling is the major issue that needs solve.
For solving the coupling crosstalk problem of many component sensor, conventionally before dispatching from the factory, sensor carries out the demarcation of many component sensors coupled coefficient.The method of at present conventional linear decoupling zero makes to be coupled and to reduce between dimension, but research shows, coupling is nonlinear, linear decoupling zero can not be eliminated the coupling error existing in reality completely, and be to record under specific good environment because demarcating, and component sensor environment for use on tyre tester is more severe, the coupling coefficient of sensor can be different.Moreover when many component sensor is installed on tyre tester, alignment error (as angle of sensor perturbations), also can produce certain impact to coupling coefficient between dimension.Cannot definite factor in above-mentioned actual tests make between the dimension of sensor coupled relation more complicated, be difficult in theory quantitative description.Therefore, be necessary by modified test method farthest to eliminate the impact of coupling.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, in order to overcome the deficiency in existing tire drag measuring accuracy, provides a kind of tire drag method for accurate testing and device.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, be described as follows:
A kind of tire drag is the method for test accurately, by the vertical load of test request, tire being set is zero state in longitudinal force, by the zero clearing of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is processed, keep the actual suffered longitudinal force state consistency of sensor output and tire, and start the test of resistance to rolling under tire rolling state as the reference point of tire drag test, eliminate the coupling crosstalk of vertical load to resistance to rolling; At least comprise the following steps:
The first step: the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is set, makes the vertical load of its applicable test request;
Second step: make tire leave road surface, to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, start to measure collection;
The 3rd step: place suspension pallet arrangement between tire and road surface, the power that the supporting plate that makes to suspend suspends is greater than the vertical load F of tire
z0, take and realize the state that tire is zero in longitudinal force, and tire is slowly pressed in to suspension supporting plate centre of surface position to the vertical load of test request, after tire vertical load is stable, record the vertical load F of many component of tire sensor output
z0, afterwards again to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, keep measuring collection;
The 4th step: tire is lifted away to suspension supporting plate surface, removes suspension pallet arrangement, subsequently tire is pressed onto on road surface to vertical load be 0;
The 5th step: increase the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor, make the more variation of the little load of Measurement accuracy of many component of tire sensor;
The 6th step: start tire drag testing experiment, and acquisition test data;
The 7th step: experimental data processing: the longitudinal force of many component of the tire sensor output collecting is tire drag; By the vertical load and the F recording before of many component of the tire sensor output collecting
z0addition is the vertical load of tire.
Tire drag is a method for test accurately, at least comprises the following steps:
The first step: the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is set, makes the vertical load of its applicable test request;
Second step: make tire leave road surface, and to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, start to measure collection;
The 3rd step: place suspension pallet arrangement between tire and road surface, the power that the supporting plate that makes to suspend suspends is greater than the vertical load F of tire
z0, take and realize the state that tire is zero in longitudinal force, and tire is slowly pressed in to suspension supporting plate centre of surface position to the vertical load of test request, after tire vertical load is stable, record the vertical load F of many component of tire sensor output
z0with the F producing due to crosstalk couplings
x0;
The 4th step: utilize F
z0cross talk effects F to longitudinal generation
x0revise vertical to crosstalk couplings coefficient longitudinally
The 5th step: according to formula F
xcomp=F
x-aF
z0can obtain the more accurate tire drag F through revising
xcomp, F wherein
xthe instrumentation value of the resistance to rolling direction obtaining from sensor during for test, coefficient a is the crosstalk couplings influence coefficient being caused by vertical direction.
Suspension pallet arrangement described in step 3 is air floating table system, magnetic suspension system or the hydraulic pressure suspension system that supporting plate can be suspended.
A kind of tire drag precise testing device comprises: source of the gas 1, high-pressure air duct 2, sub-high pressure wireway 9, pressure controller mounting table 3, pressure controller 4, air floating table pedestal 5, pedestal air intake 11, venthole 7, suspension supporting plate 8;
Described source of the gas 1 is connected with the pressure controller 4 being placed on pressure controller mounting table 3 by high-pressure air duct 2, and it is p that source of the gas 1 provides pressure
1gases at high pressure, through pressure controller 4, can obtain stable pressure is p
2sub-high pressure gas;
Described pressure controller 4 is communicated with the pedestal air intake 11 of air floating table pedestal 5 by sub-high pressure wireway 9;
Described air floating table pedestal 5 has a plurality of ventholes 7, venthole total area S
give vent to angerbe less than the cross-sectional area S of sub-high pressure wireway 9
pipe;
Described suspension supporting plate 8 covers on air floating table pedestal 5, the venthole total area S that it covers
supporting plate is given vent to angerwith sub-high pressure gas pressure intensity p
2and the tire vertical load F of test request
z0between there is following relation: S
supporting plate is given vent to anger.p
2> F
z0.
The aperture of described venthole 7 is less, so more venthole can be set, and is beneficial to being uniformly distributed of gas flowfield, and the total area of venthole 7 can be by formula S
give vent to anger=n π r
2obtain, wherein S
give vent to angerfor the total area of all ventholes, the radius that r is venthole, the number that n is venthole.
A kind of tire drag precise testing device, also comprise flexible rope 6, described flexible rope 6 one end are fixed on air floating table pedestal 5, the other end is fixed on suspension supporting plate 8, flexible rope is four, and there is certain length, can be by the movement limit of suspension supporting plate 8 in certain area of space, this area of space can meet the various loads of test tire.
The present invention has the following advantages and technique effect:
1. the present invention proposes method of testing and device can be eliminated the error that tire vertical load causes rolling resistance measuring to the full extent, can directly accurately measure tire drag, improve tire drag measuring accuracy.
2. the present invention proposes method of testing and device can be widely used in the various tire characteristics testing tables that many component sensor is housed, and comprise reciprocal flat tyre tester, flat rubber belting formula tyre tester, rotary drum tyre tester and have the tire mechanical property testing car of many component sensor wheel.
3. the present invention proposes method of testing and device are applicable to various tires, comprise vehicle tyre and the aircraft tyres such as passenger car, offroad vehicle, engineering machine vehicle, special purpose vehicle, motorcycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of tire drag method for accurate testing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is by revising the process flow diagram of crosstalk couplings coefficient to tire drag method for accurate testing;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention's pallet arrangement that suspends is placed on the connection diagram on flat tyre tester;
Fig. 4 is the suspend plan structure schematic diagram of pallet arrangement of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention's pallet arrangement that suspends is placed on the connection diagram on flat rubber belting formula tyre tester;
Fig. 6 is that the present invention's pallet arrangement that suspends is placed on the connection diagram on rotary drum tyre tester;
Wherein: 1, source of the gas 2, high-pressure air duct 3, pressure controller mounting table 4, pressure controller 5, air floating table pedestal 6, flexible rope 7, venthole 8, suspension supporting plate 9, sub-high pressure wireway 10, tire mechanical property testing platform 11, pedestal air intake
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
A kind of tire drag is the method for test accurately, by the side rake angle of test request and vertical load, tire being set is zero state in longitudinal force, by the zero clearing of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is processed, keep the actual suffered longitudinal force state consistency of sensor output and tire, and start the test of resistance to rolling under tire rolling state as the reference point of tire drag test, can eliminate like this coupling crosstalk of vertical load to resistance to rolling, also can be by revising crosstalk couplings influence coefficient, reach the accurately object of test of tire drag, at least comprise the following steps:
The first step: the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is set, makes the vertical load of its applicable test request;
Second step: make tire leave road surface, and to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, start to measure collection;
The 3rd step: place suspension pallet arrangement between tire and road surface, and tire is slowly pressed in to suspension supporting plate centre of surface position to the vertical load of test request, record the vertical load F of many component of tire sensor output after tire vertical load is stable
z0, afterwards again to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, keep measuring collection;
The 4th step: tire is lifted away to suspension supporting plate surface, removes suspension pallet arrangement, subsequently tire is pressed onto on road surface to vertical load be 0;
The 5th step: increase the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor, make the more variation of the little load of Measurement accuracy of many component of tire sensor;
The 6th step: start tire drag testing experiment, and acquisition test data;
The 7th step: experimental data processing: the longitudinal force of many component of the tire sensor output collecting is tire drag; By the vertical load and the F recording before of many component of the tire sensor output collecting
z0addition is the vertical load of tire.
Tire drag is a method for test accurately, at least comprises the following steps:
The first step: the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is set, makes the vertical load of its applicable test request;
Second step: make tire leave road surface, and to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, start to measure collection;
The 3rd step: place suspension pallet arrangement between tire and road surface, the power that the supporting plate that makes to suspend suspends is greater than the vertical load F of tire
z0, take and realize the state that tire is zero in longitudinal force, and tire is slowly pressed in to suspension supporting plate centre of surface position to the vertical load of test request, after tire vertical load is stable, record the vertical load F of many component of tire sensor output
z0with the F producing due to crosstalk couplings
x0;
The 4th step: utilize F
z0cross talk effects F to longitudinal generation
x0revise vertical to crosstalk couplings coefficient longitudinally
The 5th step: according to formula F
xcomp=F
x-aF
z0can obtain the more accurate tire drag F through revising
xcomp, F wherein
xthe instrumentation value of the resistance to rolling direction obtaining from sensor during for test, coefficient a is the crosstalk couplings influence coefficient being caused by vertical direction.
For convenient test, can calculate the crosstalk couplings coefficient under different conventional vertical loads, during test, can directly call corresponding crosstalk couplings coefficient according to different vertical loads.
The state that described tire is zero in longitudinal force is core wheel without not having side force, longitudinal force and aligning torque to put on tire in rotational restraint and non-rolling, section, road surface.
Tire mechanical property testing platform comprises reciprocal flat tyre tester, flat rubber belting formula tyre tester, rotary drum tyre tester and has the tire mechanical property testing car of many component sensor wheel.Described tire mechanical property testing platform system is utilized the stressing conditions of many component sensor test tire, and wherein many component sensor at least can be measured vertical load and the longitudinal force of tire, also can measure at the most six whole component of tire.
Suspension pallet arrangement of the present invention is placed on the road surface of tire mechanical property testing platform, and is mated use.
Described suspension pallet arrangement is air floating table system, magnetic suspension system or the hydraulic pressure suspension system that supporting plate can be suspended.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, suspension pallet arrangement of the present invention is air floating table system, comprising: source of the gas 1, high-pressure air duct 2, sub-high pressure wireway 9, pressure controller mounting table 3, pressure controller 4, air floating table pedestal 5, pedestal air intake 11, flexible rope 6, venthole 7, suspension supporting plate 8.Suspension pallet arrangement is placed on the road surface of tire mechanical property testing platform 10 and is mated use.
Described source of the gas 1 is connected with pressure controller 4 by high-pressure air duct 2, and pressure controller 4 is placed on pressure controller mounting table 3, and it is p that source of the gas provides air pressure
1gases at high pressure, through pressure controller 4, can obtain stable pressure is p
2sub-high pressure gas;
The sub-high pressure gas of described pressure controller 4 outputs is communicated with the pedestal air intake 11 of air floating table pedestal 5 by sub-high pressure wireway 9, for it continues to provide, stablizes the p that air pressure is
2gas;
Described flexible rope 6 one end are fixed on air floating table pedestal 5, and the other end is fixed on suspension supporting plate 8, totally four.Flexible rope has certain length, object be by the movement limit of suspension supporting plate in certain area of space, this area of space can meet test tire various loads, this region is also called the range of safety operation of suspension supporting plate.
Described air floating table pedestal 5 has a plurality of ventholes 7, and sub-high pressure gas acts on suspension supporting plate 8 by venthole, by its picking-up.Therefore,, when suspension supporting plate is held up by air pressure, in range of safety operation, suspension supporting plate can free movement;
The aperture of described venthole 7 is less, so more venthole can be set, and is beneficial to being uniformly distributed of gas flowfield.The total area of all ventholes can be by formula S
give vent to anger=n π r
2obtain, n is venthole number, the radius that r is venthole; Venthole total area S
give vent to angerbe less than the cross-sectional area S of sub-high pressure wireway 9
pipe, can guarantee that like this venthole stable gas pressure is controlled.The venthole total area S that suspension supporting plate 8 covers
supporting plate is given vent to angerwith sub-high pressure gas pressure intensity p
2and there is following relation: S between the tire vertical load Fz0 of test request
supporting plate is given vent to anger.p
2> F
z0.
Described suspension pallet arrangement in use, can first tire be pressed onto on suspension supporting plate 8, allow again afterwards sub-high pressure gas by hold up suspension pallet 8 and on tire, can guarantee that like this tire is more accurately pressed in suspension supporting plate centre of surface position, the pallet that prevents from suspending tilts.
Embodiment
The stable output pressure of source of the gas is 10MPa, the precision of pressure controller: 0.01MPa.
The vertical load F that certain Tire testing requires
z0for 4000N, choosing the venthole that suspension supporting plate covers is 16, and venthole radius is 8mm, the venthole total area S that the supporting plate that suspends covers
supporting plate is given vent to anger=16 * π r
2=32.15cm
2
For holding up F
z0the vertical load of=4000N, according to the venthole total area S below suspension supporting plate
supporting plate is given vent to angerwith sub-high pressure gas pressure intensity p
2and the tire vertical load F of test request
z0between the relation that exists: S
supporting plate is given vent to angerp
2> F
z0, have p
2> 1.24MPa, therefore, needs to regulate pressure controller, makes sub-high pressure wireway air pressure meet p
2> 1.24MPa.
This tire drag accurate measurement method step is as follows:
The first step: the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is set, longitudinal force Fx passage: 5000N/V, vertical load Fz:5000N/V;
Second step: make tire leave road surface, and to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, start to measure collection;
The 3rd step: place suspension pallet arrangement between tire and road surface, and tire is slowly pressed in to suspension supporting plate centre of surface position to vertical load is 4000N, records the vertical load F of many component of tire sensor output after tire vertical load is stable
z0=4000N, afterwards again to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, keeps measuring collection;
The 4th step: tire is lifted away to suspension supporting plate surface, removes suspension pallet arrangement, subsequently tire is pressed onto on road surface to vertical load be 0N;
The 5th step: increase the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor, longitudinal force Fx passage: 200N/V, vertical load Fz:200N/V, now, makes the more variation of the little load of Measurement accuracy of many component of tire sensor;
The 6th step: start tire drag testing experiment, and acquisition test data;
The 7th step: experimental data processing: the longitudinal force of many component of the tire sensor output collecting is tire drag; By the vertical load and the F recording before of many component of the tire sensor output collecting
z0addition is the vertical load of tire.
The method of testing that the present invention proposes and device can directly accurately be measured tire drag, eliminate to the full extent the error that tire vertical load causes rolling resistance measuring, also can be by proofreading and correct the crosstalk couplings coefficient of vertical load to longitudinal force, the error that crosstalk reduction causes, improves tire drag measuring accuracy.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is understand and apply this test method and invent for the ease of these those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these examples, and the General Principle of this invention is applied in other examples.These revise and modification all in the application's aim and scope, and fall in the protection domain of claims.
Claims (6)
1. a tire drag method for accurate testing, it is characterized in that: by the vertical load of test request, tire being set is zero state in longitudinal force, by the zero clearing of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is processed, keep the actual suffered longitudinal force state consistency of sensor output and tire, and start the test of resistance to rolling under tire rolling state as the reference point of tire drag test, eliminate the coupling crosstalk of vertical load to resistance to rolling, at least comprise the following steps:
The first step: the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is set, makes the vertical load of its applicable test request;
Second step: make tire leave road surface, to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, start to measure collection;
The 3rd step: place suspension pallet arrangement between tire and road surface, the power that the supporting plate that makes to suspend suspends is greater than the vertical load F of tire
z0, take and realize the state that tire is zero in longitudinal force, and tire is slowly pressed in to suspension supporting plate centre of surface position to the vertical load of test request, after tire vertical load is stable, record the vertical load F of many component of tire sensor output
z0, afterwards again to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, keep measuring collection;
The 4th step: tire is lifted away to suspension supporting plate surface, removes suspension pallet arrangement, subsequently tire is pressed onto on road surface to vertical load be 0;
The 5th step: increase the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor, make the more variation of the little load of Measurement accuracy of many component of tire sensor;
The 6th step: start tire drag testing experiment, and acquisition test data;
The 7th step: experimental data processing: the longitudinal force of many component of the tire sensor output collecting is tire drag; By the vertical load and the F recording before of many component of the tire sensor output collecting
z0addition is the vertical load of tire.
2. a tire drag method for accurate testing, at least comprises the following steps:
The first step: the sensitivity of each power output passage of many component of tire sensor is set, makes the vertical load of its applicable test request;
Second step: make tire leave road surface, and to each power output passage zero clearing of many component of tire sensor, start to measure collection;
The 3rd step: place suspension pallet arrangement between tire and road surface, the power that the supporting plate that makes to suspend suspends is greater than the vertical load F of tire
z0, take and realize the state that tire is zero in longitudinal force, and tire is slowly pressed in to suspension supporting plate centre of surface position to the vertical load of test request, after tire vertical load is stable, record the vertical load F of many component of tire sensor output
z0with the F producing due to crosstalk couplings
x0;
The 4th step: utilize F
z0cross talk effects F to longitudinal generation
x0revise vertical to crosstalk couplings coefficient longitudinally
The 5th step: according to formula F
xcomp=F
x-aF
z0can obtain the more accurate tire drag F through revising
xcomp, F wherein
xthe instrumentation value of the resistance to rolling direction obtaining from sensor during for test, coefficient a is the crosstalk couplings influence coefficient being caused by vertical direction.
3. the method that a kind of tire drag according to claim 1 and 2 is accurately tested, is characterized in that: the suspension pallet arrangement described in step 3 is air floating table system, magnetic suspension system or the hydraulic pressure suspension system that supporting plate can be suspended.
4. a device of realizing the tire drag method for accurate testing described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: comprise source of the gas (1), high-pressure air duct (2), sub-high pressure wireway (9), pressure controller mounting table (3), pressure controller (4), air floating table pedestal (5), pedestal air intake (11), venthole (7), suspension supporting plate (8);
Described source of the gas (1) is connected with the pressure controller (4) being placed on pressure controller mounting table (3) by high-pressure air duct (2), and it is p that source of the gas (1) provides pressure
1gases at high pressure, through pressure controller (4), can obtain stable pressure is p
2sub-high pressure gas;
Described pressure controller (4) is communicated with the pedestal air intake (11) of air floating table pedestal (5) by sub-high pressure wireway (9);
Described air floating table pedestal (5) has a plurality of ventholes (7), venthole total area S
give vent to angerbe less than the cross-sectional area S of sub-high pressure wireway (9)
pipe;
It is upper that described suspension supporting plate (8) covers air floating table pedestal (5), the venthole total area S that it covers
supporting plate is given vent to angerwith sub-high pressure gas pressure intensity p
2and the tire vertical load F of test request
z0between there is following relation: S
supporting plate is given vent to anger.p
2> F
z0.
5. a kind of tire drag precise testing device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the aperture of described venthole (7) is less, so more venthole can be set, be beneficial to being uniformly distributed of gas flowfield, the total area of venthole (7) can be by formula S
give vent to anger=n π r
2obtain, wherein S
give vent to angerfor the total area of all ventholes, the radius that r is venthole, the number that n is venthole.
6. a kind of tire drag precise testing device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: it also comprises flexible rope (6), described flexible rope (6) one end is fixed on air floating table pedestal (5), the other end is fixed on suspension supporting plate (8), flexible rope is four, and there is certain length, can be by the movement limit of suspension supporting plate (8) in certain area of space, this area of space can meet the various loads of test tire.
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| CN105352526A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-24 | 黄河科技学院 | Self-balancing electric unicycle magnetic suspension type mileage test device |
| CN105388022A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-09 | 黄河科技学院 | Self-balance vehicle performance test device having dynamic sealing structure |
| CN105606380A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-25 | 吉林大学 | Tyre six-component force testing device for eliminating unbalance loading |
| CN106289623A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2017-01-04 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | The method of testing of pure electric drive automobile resistance of taxing and system |
| CN108956165A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-07 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | A kind of tire rolling resistance coefficient determination experimental rig |
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