CN103750084A - Method for degrading aflatoxin B1 in peanuts - Google Patents
Method for degrading aflatoxin B1 in peanuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN103750084A CN103750084A CN201310744331.1A CN201310744331A CN103750084A CN 103750084 A CN103750084 A CN 103750084A CN 201310744331 A CN201310744331 A CN 201310744331A CN 103750084 A CN103750084 A CN 103750084A
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- aflatoxin
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- peanut
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- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000002115 aflatoxin B1 Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N aflatoxin B1 Chemical compound C=1([C@@H]2C=CO[C@@H]2OC=1C=C(C1=2)OC)C=2OC(=O)C2=C1CCC2=O OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229930020125 aflatoxin-B1 Natural products 0.000 title abstract 4
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229930195730 Aflatoxin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aflatoxin G Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1C1C=COC1O2 XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000005409 aflatoxin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000228197 Aspergillus flavus Species 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 101710182223 Toxin B Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000228230 Aspergillus parasiticus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000005623 Carcinogenesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PQMOXTJVIYEOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cumarin Natural products CC(C)=CCC1=C(O)C(C(=O)C(C)CC)=C(O)C2=C1OC(=O)C=C2CCC PQMOXTJVIYEOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- FSOGIJPGPZWNGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meomammein Natural products CCC(C)C(=O)C1=C(O)C(CC=C(C)C)=C(O)C2=C1OC(=O)C=C2CCC FSOGIJPGPZWNGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036952 cancer formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000504 carcinogenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001599 direct drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for degrading aflatoxin B1 in peanuts. The method comprises the following steps of grinding peanut meals polluted by the aflatoxin to obtain peanut meal powder, and performing extrusion texturization to degrade the aflatoxin B1. The method is easy to operate and good in degrading effect and is suitable for degrading the aflatoxin in the peanut meal; the removal rate of the aflatoxin B1 is up to over 57 percent; the method has an extremely high application value and high market potential.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of degraded Aflatoxin in Peanut byHigh B
1method.
Background technology
Aflatoxin (aflatoxin, AF) is the secondary metabolites being produced by fungi autoeciousness aspergillus and Aspergillus flavus etc., and its basic structure is two furan nucleus and cumarin.That has found at present more than 20 plants in aflatoxin, and modal have an AFB
1, AFB
2, AFG
1, AFG
2, AFB wherein
1(AFB
1) toxicity is the strongest, by international cancer research institution (IARC), delimited as IA class carcinogenic substance.Due to aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus very wide in natural distribution, and the breeding that is bacterium colony of the humidity of a lot of food substrates itself and the generation of toxin provide advantage, crops are subject to the pollution of aspergillus flavus in field, as suitable in temperature and humidity in storage after harvesting, aspergillus spore can produce more toxin by amount reproduction, the inevitable toxin that produces in the storage of grain and feed.The feed that livestock and poultry take in to pollute causes that the weight of animals declines or is diseases induced, and the aflatoxin that indirectly enters human body by food chain has extremely strong carcinogenesis, serious threat human health.
Peanut is the main oil crops of China, and within 2012, China's yield peanut is approximately 1,600 ten thousand tons, accounts for 40% of Peanut output.Peanut is bad or store in improper situation at growth conditions, PI aflatoxin, the serious threat mankind and animal health after contamination.Pressing organization mainly refers to the systematism of vegetable protein.The raw material that protein content is higher (more than 50%), in extruder, owing to being subject to the double action of shearing force and frictional force, hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force, ionic bond and the disulfide bond of three grades of Protein requirements, quaternary structure are destroyed.Destruction along with protein higher structure, formed relatively linear Harmonic Protein Molecular Chains, then these strands, under the condition of certain temperature and moisture, have produced intermolecular restructuring, have formed the product-textured protein of a kind of similar meat tissue structure.Peanut meal is the product of shelled peanut after oil plant is refined in squeezing, is rich in vegetable protein, and mouthfeel is better, is extensively used as fowl poultry aquatic feeds and deep processed product.Current, AFB in peanut meal
1seriously polluted, the one, be subject to that peanut raw material is with serious pollution to be affected, be accumulated in peanut meal product; The 2nd, peanut meal itself is nutritious, is beneficial to especially the breeding of microorganism, especially Aspergillus flavus and cause producing AFB
1.China is maximum in the world peanut production, consumption and trade exports state.Peanut oil output maintained 2,500,000 tons of left and right in recent years, and the oil yield by 40% calculates, and the output of annual peanut meal is more than 3,500,000 tons.Therefore, control the pollution of aflatoxin in peanut meal for the edible safety that ensures peanut meal feed, for the deep processing and utilization of peanut meal, significant for whole food security chain.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the middle aflatoxin degradation B that cultivates peanut
1method.
Degraded Aflatoxin in Peanut byHigh B provided by the invention
1method, comprise the steps: the peanut meal of aflatoxin contamination to pulverize and obtain, after peanut meal powder, carrying out pressing organization, complete AFB
1degraded.
In the pulverising step of said method, the order number of pulverizing is 50 orders.
In described peanut meal powder, the quality percentage composition of moisture is 38-42%, is specially 40%, 40-42% or 38-40%.
In described pressing organization step, the temperature of extruder barrel is 130-150 ℃, is specially 140,146,130-146,140-146 or 146-150 ℃;
Rate of feeding is 16-20g/min, is specially 18,16-18 or 18-20g/min;
Screw speed is 120-160r/min, is specially 140,149,140-149,149-160 or 120-149r/min.
Described method also comprises the steps:, after described pressing organization step, pressing organization products obtained therefrom to be dried.
In described baking step, temperature is 45-60 ℃, is specially 45 ℃;
Time is 6-10 hour, is specially 8 hours.
In addition, the product of gained, also belongs to protection scope of the present invention according to the method described above.
The method of degraded Aflatoxin in Peanut byHigh provided by the invention is to adopt pressing organization to process to polluting the peanut meal of aflatoxin.In extrusion process, material under the high temperature of extruder screw inside, high pressure, high shear, the gelatinization within the extremely short time of the starch in peanut meal, protein denaturation, aflatoxin is being subject to cracking under multiple factors effect.The method is simple to operate, and good degrading effect is applicable to the degraded of peanut meal aflatoxin, and the clearance of aflatoxin reaches more than 57%, has very high using value and market potential.
The specific embodiment
The experimental technique using in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
In following embodiment, material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Following embodiment pressing organization step device therefor is the extrusion of meshed double screw in the same way (the Twin-Screw Extruder Lab Station that the model of German Bradley Bender food instrument company is DSE-25, Brabender, Germany) laboratory work station: screw rod external diameter (D) is 25mm; Draw ratio is 20:1; Each section length of extruder: feeding zone 4D, I district 6D, II district 6D, III district 4D, IV district 2D, V district 2D.Square extrusion die: 2mm * 20mm.Work station is comprised of feed system, water inlet system, the thermal treatment zone, Sensor Monitoring System etc., and extruder Wu Ge is furnished with respectively in district heating and cooling monitoring system, temperature control separately, and have workstation system automatically to control and record data.
In following embodiment, the moisture of peanut meal adopts the method for direct drying method GB5009.3-2010,
Concrete assay method is as follows:
Get clean aluminum box and be positioned in 105 ℃ of baking ovens, aluminum lid is tiltedly put in box limit, dries after half an hour, and lid is built and taken out, and is put in drier and weighs after cooling half an hour, repeats above-mentioned experiment 2-3 time until constant weight.Take 2.00g (retaining rear four decimals) peanut meal powder, be placed in is in the aluminium box of constant weight, add after taking overall weight after upper box cover and put into baking oven, lid is put in and is tiltedly placed on one side, dry after 4h, build lid for 105 ℃, being put in drier time half an hour weighs, repeat aforesaid operations, make twice of poor quality within the scope of 2mg, be considered as constant weight.Moisture computing formula is:
Moisture (%)=(m
l-m
2)/Wx100%
In formula, m
1-aluminium box with cover and dry front example weight, g;
M
2-aluminium box with cover and dry rear example weight, g;
The weight of W-sample, g;
AFB
1the mensuration of content (ELISA) method is as follows: the AFB that selects Huaan, Beijing Mai Ke Bioisystech Co., Ltd to produce
1kit measurement.
Kit principle adopts indirect ELISA method, pre-coated AFB on ELISA Plate capillary strip
1antigen, AFB in sample
1with this antigenic competition aspergillus flavus resisting toxin B
1antibody (anti-reagent), meanwhile, aspergillus flavus resisting toxin B
1antibody combines with ELIAS secondary antibody (enzyme mark thing), through substrate colour developing, the AFB that sample light absorption value contains with it
1become negative correlation, be multiplied by more again extension rate with calibration curve, can draw AFB in sample
1content.
Embodiment 1
By AFB
1content is the peanut meal sample of (229.3 ± 3.7) μ g/kg, with pulverizer, be ground into after 50 object peanut meal powder, measure the moisture in peanut meal powder, and the relation between rate of feeding and feeder rotating speed, hello water speed and crossing current pump scale, according to the listed default feeding capacity by peanut meal powder and product moisture content in table 1 and table 2, calculating need be added the grams of moisture, and sets feeder rotating speed and constant flow pump scale.
Extruder starts preheating in a hour to reach after stable state, feeding is in extruder, according to table 1 and the listed condition of table 2, carry out pressing organization, also: barrel zone temperature is 140 ℃, biodiversity percentage composition in peanut meal powder is 40%, rate of feeding is 16g/min, and screw speed is 160r/min, completes this containing peanut meal sample AFB
1degraded.
After above-mentioned pressing organization step, also gained peanut meal sample can be placed in to baking oven in 45 ℃ of oven dry 8 hours, pulverize, put into valve bag.Measure AFB in this peanut meal sample
1content.Known, AFB
1degradation rate be 55.2%.
Embodiment 2-27
According to the step of embodiment 1, only barrel zone temperature, peanut meal moisture, rate of feeding and screw speed are replaced according to table 1 and table 2 column data.
Gained AFB
1degradation rate also list in table 2.
Table 1, experimental factor water-glass
Table 2, aflatoxin AFB
1degradation rate
Adopt Design-Expert7.0 statistical analysis software his-and-hers watches 2 data to carry out regression fit analysis, obtain aflatoxin AFB in response-peanut meal
1the factor of influence of degradation rate (Y)---barrel zone temperature (X
1), material moisture (X
2), rate of feeding (X
3) and screw speed (X
4) quadratic polynomial regression model, obtain aflatoxin AFB
1the regression equation of degradation rate (Y) is:
Y=56.27+0.87X
1+2.73X
2-0.15X
3+0.92X
4+0.25X
1X
2-0.82X
1X
3+0.12X
1X
4+0.75X
2X
3+0.60X
2X
4-0.28X
3X
4-0.99X
1 2-5.46X
2 2-1.54X
3 2-1.39X
4 2
By regression model, obtain aflatoxin AFB
1degradation rate predicted maximum is 57.1%.Optimum organization is X
1=145.74, X
2=40.55, X
3=17.65, X
4=148.66, barrel zone temperature is 145.74 ℃, material moisture 40.55%, rate of feeding 17.65g/min and screw speed 148.66r/min.
The optimum process condition obtaining according to regression model, takes into account practical operation, and the technological parameter of optimization is: barrel zone temperature is 146 ℃, material moisture 40%, rate of feeding 18g/min and screw speed 149r/min.
Embodiment 28
According to the step of embodiment 1, by AFB
1content for the peanut meal sample of (229.3 ± 3.7) μ g/kg at technological parameter is: barrel zone temperature is to push under 146 ℃, material moisture 40%, rate of feeding 18g/min and screw speed 149r/min condition, completes AFB
1degraded, degradation rate is 57.7%.
Reference examples:
By AFB
1content is the peanut sample of (229.3 ± 3.7) μ g/kg, with pulverizer, be ground into after 50 object peanut powders, measure the moisture of peanut meal, and rate of feeding and feeder rotating speed, feed the relation between water speed and crossing current pump scale, according to the default feeding capacity of peanut meal powder and product moisture cubage, need add the grams of moisture, and set feeder rotating speed and constant flow pump scale, systematism machine to be extruded starts preheating in a hour to reach after stable state, feeding is in extruder, carry out pressing organization, barrel zone temperature is 180 ℃, material moisture 24%, rate of feeding is 30g/min, screw speed is 160r/min, under this condition, product quality is hard, cause extruder outlet to block, pressing organization test can not be carried out.At barrel zone temperature, be 150 ℃, material moisture 35%, rate of feeding are 20g/min, and screw speed is 160r/min, complete this containing AFB
1the degraded of peanut sample, degradation rate is 43.2%.
Claims (7)
1. an aflatoxin degradation B
1method, comprise the steps: the peanut meal of aflatoxin contamination to pulverize and obtain, after peanut meal powder, carrying out pressing organization, complete AFB
1degraded.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described pulverising step, pulverizing is 50 orders.
3. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: in described peanut meal powder, the quality percentage composition of water is 38-42%, is specially 40%.
4. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: in described pressing organization step, the temperature of extruder barrel is 130-150 ℃, be specially 146 ℃;
Rate of feeding is 16-20g/min, is specially 18g/min;
Screw speed is 120-160r/min, is specially 149r/min.
5. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described method also comprises the steps:, after described pressing organization step, pressing organization products obtained therefrom to be dried.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described baking step, temperature is 45-60 ℃, is specially 45 ℃;
Time is 6-10 hour, is specially 8 hours.
7. the product that the arbitrary described method of claim 1-6 obtains.
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105166602A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-23 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for degrading aflatoxins in peanut meal by utilizing solid fermentation of fructificatio amaurodermatis rudae |
CN106472816A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-03-08 | 北京中唐瑞德生物科技有限公司 | Alcohol method removes the method and apparatus that aflatoxin produces peanut concentrated protein |
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Effective date of registration: 20220125 Address after: Room 320, floor 3, building 49, yard 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193 Patentee after: Beijing Zhongnong taste detection technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100193 No. 2 Old Summer Palace West Road, Beijing, Haidian District Patentee before: INSTITUTE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, CHINESE ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |