CN103748334B - Internal combustion type two-cycle engine, the method for operating internal combustion type two-cycle engine and the method for changing two-cycle engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion type two-cycle engine, the method for operating internal combustion type two-cycle engine and the method for changing two-cycle engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103748334B
CN103748334B CN201180072136.8A CN201180072136A CN103748334B CN 103748334 B CN103748334 B CN 103748334B CN 201180072136 A CN201180072136 A CN 201180072136A CN 103748334 B CN103748334 B CN 103748334B
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cylinder
cycle engine
fuel
gas
cylinder head
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CN103748334A (en
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I·尼隆德
M·奥特
汉努·西兰帕
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Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
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Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B7/00—Engines characterised by the fuel-air charge being ignited by compression ignition of an additional fuel
    • F02B7/06—Engines characterised by the fuel-air charge being ignited by compression ignition of an additional fuel the fuel in the charge being gaseous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/108—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1095—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with more than one pre-combustion chamber (a stepped form of the main combustion chamber above the piston is to be considered as a pre-combustion chamber if this stepped portion is not a squish area)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/12—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with positive ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
    • F02B25/04—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of internal combustion type two-cycle engine (10), the two-cycle engine includes：At least one cylinder (20), the cylinder carries and is arranged between top dead centre and lower dead center reciprocating piston (24)；Limit the cylinder head (26) of combustion chamber (22)；Oxygen-containing gas entrance (18) in the bottom of the cylinder (20), the oxygen-containing gas entrance at least leads to the combustion chamber (22) when the piston is located at its bottom dead center position；The gaseous fuel inlet port (30) in the cylinder is arranged between the oxygen-containing gas entrance (18) and the cylinder head (26)；And it is arranged in the air bleeding valve (28) of the cylinder head.The cylinder head (26) is provided with least one precombustion chamber of igniting (36), and the precombustion chamber of igniting leads to the combustion chamber (22) by its precombustion chamber mouthful (34).The invention further relates to a kind of method of operating two-cycle engine (10).

Description

Internal combustion type two-cycle engine, operate internal combustion type two-cycle engine method and The method for changing two-cycle engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal combustion type two-cycle engine, the internal combustion type two-cycle engine includes：At least one gas Cylinder, the cylinder carries and is arranged between top dead centre and lower dead center reciprocating piston；Limit the cylinder head of combustion chamber；Position Oxygen-containing gas entrance in the bottom of the cylinder, the oxygen-containing gas entrance is at least located at its bottom dead center position in the piston Combustion chamber described in Shi Tongxiang；The fuel gas in the cylinder is arranged between the oxygen-containing gas entrance and the cylinder head Entrance；And it is arranged in the air bleeding valve of the cylinder head.
The invention further relates to operate the method for internal combustion type two-cycle engine using fuel gas, and liquid combustion will be utilized The method that the two-cycle engine of material operating is converted to the two-cycle engine of gas operating, further relates to a kind of two-cycle engine Cylinder head assembly.
Background technology
The large-scale two-stroke cross-head diesel engine operated using heavy fuel oil is often used as the master of such as large ship Power.Recently, fuel gas because its combustion process quite cleaning and gas availability and in explosive motor Become in use extremely important.People constantly recognize the need for it is a kind of can reduce discharge while it is also commercially viable Replace fuel scheme.
US5035206 discloses a kind of double fuel CNG/Diesel two-cycle engine, and there is at least one to carry position for it Cylinder in the piston in cylinder, around cylinder with the oxygen-containing gas entrance for moving downward and exposing by piston in cylinder Device, for drive oxygen-containing gas through exposed inlet device oxygen-containing gas device, exhaust outlet and exhaust outlet in valve Device, the diesel injection device for diesel oil to be sprayed into cylinder after circulating every time, and for circulating every time after by gas spraying Enter the gas injection apparatus of cylinder, gas injection apparatus includes the pipeline of conveying natural gas, and the pipeline enters in the oxygen-containing gas Cylinder is led in the top position of mouth device, is completely exposed when thus piston declines before starting to expose the inlet device described Pipeline.According to US5035206, during operation, engine only receives diesel fuel under idling.As load is applied in, day Right gas starts to be sprayed.When amount of gas increases with the increase of load, pass through the starting quilt of the gas injection of injector In advance, but the end of gas injection or terminate do not change.Enter the phase in the scavenging air containing oxygen for burning next time Between, the natural gas of gas trap injector injection controlled amounts enters cylinder by pipeline.
Although the engine described by US5035206 is feasible and favourable, there is still a need for a kind of preferably full The gas operation two-cycle engine of the present emissions requirements of foot and efficiency desired value.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention realized by a kind of internal combustion type two-cycle engine, the internal combustion type two-cycle engine bag Include：At least one cylinder, the cylinder carries and is arranged between top dead centre and lower dead center reciprocating piston；Limit burning The cylinder head of room；Oxygen-containing gas entrance in the bottom of the cylinder, the oxygen-containing gas entrance is at least in piston position Lead to the combustion chamber when its bottom dead center position；The gas is arranged between the oxygen-containing gas entrance and the cylinder head Gaseous fuel inlet port in cylinder；And it is arranged in the air bleeding valve of the cylinder head.It is a feature of the present invention that the cylinder head is set At least one precombustion chamber of igniting is equipped with, the precombustion chamber of igniting leads to the combustion chamber by its precombustion chamber mouthful.
This provides the effect and benefit for the gas that can utilize at least suitable low pressure, this causes gas supply system It is safe and substantially simple in construction.The position of gaseous fuel inlet port (that is, gas ejection ports) is selected such that, enters in gas During combustion chamber, when piston is moved towards top dead centre, gas pressure is less than 1MPa.The use of precombustion chamber is conducive to lighting combustion chamber Interior substantially thin admixture of gas, which increase efficiency and reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) discharge.
Excessive air reduces the temperature of combustion process, which reduce produced NOx quantity, because available Oxygen is also excessive, and combustion process is more efficiently and compared to the burning of chemical dose, and same amount of fuel can produce more work( Rate.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, cylinder head is provided with least two precombustion chambers, and the precombustion chamber is on gas The central axis of cylinder is arranged into cylinder head in rotationally symmetrical fashion.Advantageously, air bleeding valve cloth at the central axis of cylinder Put cylinder head.
According to another implementation of the invention, the timing of air bleeding valve can be controlled in a variable manner.
According to another implementation of the invention, each precombustion chamber is provided with pilot fuel injector.
According to another implementation of the invention, engine is included in identical lengthwise position arrangement in the cylinder at least Two gaseous fuel inlet ports.
According to another implementation of the invention, engine is including being equally spacedly arranged in the side face of the cylinder extremely Few two gaseous fuel inlet ports.
The purpose of the present invention realizes that this method includes following by a kind of method for operating internal combustion type two-cycle engine Step：After the power stroke of the engine, the piston is made by the engine by moving downward for piston Oxygen-containing gas entrance in the bottom of cylinder simultaneously allows the oxygen-containing gas to enter the combustion of the engine through the entrance Room is burnt, keeps the air bleeding valve of the engine to open；The piston is set to pass through under cylinder by the upward motion of the piston Oxygen-containing gas entrance in portion, so that the oxygen-containing gas stops entering combustion chamber, through being arranged in the cylinder extremely A few gaseous fuel inlet port introduces fuel gas and closes the air bleeding valve of the engine；By make the piston towards its Top dead centre moves to compress the oxygen-containing gas and the fuel gas in the combustion chamber, and will be arranged in the engine Cylinder head at least one precombustion chamber in oxygen-containing gas and the mixture of fuel gas light.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, liquid fuel is introduced into precombustion chamber, and liquid fuel is at least one precombustion chamber It is interior to be ignited by compression ignition.
According to another implementation of the invention, fuel is ignited at least one precombustion chamber by spark ignition.
According to another implementation of the invention, fuel at least one precombustion chamber by applying from glow plug Heat is ignited.
According to another implementation of the invention, running engine with cause effective compression ratio be more than or equal to 12：1.
According to another implementation of the invention, the closure timings of air bleeding valve is controlled, make it that effective compression ratio is more than Equal to 12：1.
According to another implementation of the invention, fuel gas enters combustion chamber in the pressure less than 1MPa.
According to another implementation of the invention, only with fuel gas carry out operating break down in the case of just with Liquid fuel running engine.
According to an aspect of the present invention, its target also passes through a kind of two-cycle engine that will be operated with liquid fuel Be converted to the method for the two-cycle engine that gas is operated to realize, the two-cycle engine has each cylinder of the engine In cylinder head, and entrance opening, the entrance opening, which is used to introduce oxygen-containing burning gases, is arranged in the every of the engine The combustion chamber of the cylinder jacket of individual cylinder.
This method comprises the following steps：
The old cylinder head of each cylinder of-removal engine,
- for the engine, new cylinder head is set, the new cylinder head includes exhaust outlet and valve and is easy to light burning The precombustion chamber of indoor fuel,
- at from the entrance opening towards a distance of the cylinder head, at least one fuel openings is arranged in often The cylinder jacket of individual cylinder,
- the fuel gas metering valve cell associated with the fuel openings is set, and
- fuel gas metering valve cell is connected to liquid fuel source.
Brief description of the drawings
Below, the present invention will be described with reference to exemplary schematic diagram, wherein：
Fig. 1 shows the two-cycle engine according to embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 2 shows the operating of the two-cycle engine according to embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 3 shows the details of the two-cycle engine according to embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 schematically shows two-cycle engine 10.If engine includes the individual of body part 12 and engine 10 Piston-cylinder unit 14 in piston-cylinder unit.Engine is additionally provided with the oxygen-containing gas inlet duct for fuel combustion.Oxygen-containing gas Typically air.The compressor set or similar device that inlet duct is connected to for providing pressurized oxygen-containing gas (do not show Go out), pressurized oxygen-containing gas feeds engine by oxygen-containing gas entrance 18.Oxygen-containing gas entrance 18 is arranged in including several Opening on the side face of the wall of cylinder 20.Oxygen-containing gas entrance 18 is disposed in the bottom of cylinder 20, to be in it in piston 24 Bottom dead center position or it is neighbouring when lead to combustion chamber 22.Combustion chamber 22 is limited by the cylinder 20, piston 24 and cylinder head 16 of engine. Cylinder head 26 is provided with the air bleeding valve 28 being disposed in cylinder head, and the air bleeding valve is advantageously located at the central axis of cylinder. As shown in figure 1, engine is engine with outside guide.Engine is additionally included between oxygen-containing gas entrance 18 and cylinder head 26 and arranged Gaseous fuel inlet port 30 in cylinder 20.Gaseous fuel inlet port 30 is preferably longitudinally located at such a position, i.e. when Piston 24 towards cylinder head move up when, piston covering entrance 30, to prevent the hot gas of high pressure from burning through gas trap And feed system.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, gaseous fuel inlet port 30 includes being disposed in replacing in the cylinder jacket of cylinder 20 The standalone insert 30' changed, as shown in Figure 3.Plug-in unit 30' has the opening for including special characteristic (such as, predetermined flow area). The plug-in unit can be changed so that its cross section and the calorific capacity for the fuel gas for example to be used match.
Gaseous fuel inlet port 30 is provided with control valve system, when piston is located under the gaseous fuel inlet port 30 in cylinder 20 Fang Shi, the entrance of gas can be controlled by the system independently of piston position.Gaseous fuel inlet port 30 is connected to gas Source 32, fuel gas introduces combustion chamber in the pressure less than or equal to 1MPa from gas source.
In fig. 1 it is shown that the projection I-I and II-II of the cylinder along section 1a and 1b.Cylinder head 26 is provided with Three lead to combustion chamber 22 precombustion chamber mouthfuls 34 of igniting.Each mouth 34 is associated with the precombustion chamber 36 of igniting in cylinder head 26. Also it is arranged to spray into pilot fuel the pilot fuel injector 38 of precombustion chamber 36.Therefore, according to two punchings of embodiment Journey cylinder cap assemblies advantageously comprise air bleeding valve and mouth, at least one precombustion chamber and for fuel injector 38 and cloth Put at least one nozzle bore of the liquid fuel injector.
Precombustion chamber 36 is used to provide for higher kinetic energy to light admixture of gas substantially thin in combustion chamber 22, with More preferable prefiring infiltration is provided.According to the embodiment of the present invention, in precombustion chamber, thin oxygen-containing gas/carry out spontaneous combustion Pressure and temperature that the admixture of gas of room 22 can easily be reacted by being injected under excessive oxygen and in precombustion chamber 36 it It is upper can spontaneous combustion liquid fuel and be ignited.
According to another implementation of the invention, glow plug 36 " be assembled and for aid lighting or spark plug 36' with Completion replaces lighting for the gas of pilot fuel.The shape of precombustion chamber depends on actual ignition method.It is with or without glow plug Pilot fuel ignition can provide higher ignition energy compared to conventional spark precombustion-chamber ignition system.It is required that being introduced into pre-burning The quick repeatable mixing of the oxygen-containing gas/gaseous fuel mixture and pilot fuel to be sprayed of room, it is achieved thereby that efficient Circulation and fuel gas mixed with by the quick of pilot fuel.
Being arranged in precombustion chamber and combustion chamber for precombustion chamber generates repeatable and strong burning, and this generates higher Engine efficiency and the combustion stability improved.Also create lower noxious emission for engine output.It is preferred that Ground, the introducing pressure of fuel gas is less than 1MPa.
As shown in figure 1, the cross section 1a of precombustion chamber 36 is arranged in cylinder head 26 in rotationally symmetrical and equidistant mode. This provides of substantially equal combustion front in the section of combustion chamber 22 and is distributed.
Fig. 1 cross section 1b shows that engine 10 is included in identical lengthwise position is arranged in cylinder 20 at least two Individual gaseous fuel inlet port 30.Moreover, gaseous fuel inlet port 30 is also arranged on the side face of cylinder 20 with rotating equidistant mode.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder head 26 of two-cycle engine includes rotating equidistant mode interval cloth Three precombustion chambers 36 put, also guarantee fuel injector 37 is disposed between each precombustion chamber to rotate equidistant mode.This Shown in Fig. 1 cross section 1a and 1b.Guarantee fuel injector is the injector for liquid fuel.Guarantee fuel injector It is sized, so as to be operated by providing the engine with 100% power with liquid fuel running engine, draws simultaneously Combustion fuel injector is actually only capable of a gaseous fuel.
Thus, for example in the case where being broken down with fuel gas progress operating, engine can spray merely with fuel Emitter is operated with liquid fuel.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings 2 and two strokes are illustrated which depict 2a, 2b and 2c of engine operational cycle different phase The method of operation of engine 10.2a depicts the scavenging period after engine power stroke.Piston during by power stroke Move downward, piston 24 passes through the oxygen-containing gas entrance 18 in the bottom of cylinder 20.Piston 24 is located at its lower dead center, and Oxygen-containing gas such as air is allowed to enter engine chamber.Because entrance is connected to compressor, gas is compressed, and Therefore flowing in combustion chamber (pressure difference between entrance and exit causes the flowing).Meanwhile, air bleeding valve 28 is stayed open, and therefore, Burning gases from combustion chamber are discharged, while fresh air inlet enters combustion chamber.
Next, piston 24 starts upward motion, and piston is arranged to the upward fortune by the piston and moves and pass through position Oxygen-containing gas entrance in the bottom of cylinder 20, as shown in Fig. 2 2b.Therefore, stop making oxygen-containing gas enter combustion chamber. Stage shown in 2b, the closedown campaign of air bleeding valve 28 is started.This occurs after fuel injection.Now, fuel gas is through gas Gaseous fuel inlet port 30 in cylinder 20 is introduced into, and air bleeding valve 28 is closed.The timing of fuel gas introducing, the pass of air bleeding valve Close and be controlled such that no unburned fuel gas passes through scavenging and acts effusion.The position of piston is by bent axle, connecting rod, work The geometry of stopper rod and piston is determined.Make the oxygen-containing gas in combustion chamber gentle by making piston 24 be moved towards its top dead centre State fuel is compressed, until inflation is ignited.This shows in Fig. 2 2c.The mixture of oxygen-containing gas and fuel gas passes through Liquid fuel 38 is introduced into the precombustion chamber 36 being arranged in cylinder head 26 and is ignited.Liquid fuel and fuel gas and oxygen Gas is lighted in precombustion chamber, and because the burning that precombustion chamber is led in combustion chamber, precombustion chamber is expanded in main chamber, so Inflation in combustion chamber is then ignited.
Liquid fuel 38 can be lighted in precombustion chamber 36 by compression ignition.During the burning of fuel material and it Afterwards, occur power stroke, and ultimately result in the situation shown in 2a.
Fig. 1 is turned back now to, engine is provided with control system 40, and control system reads the engine obtained by probe 44 The positional information of bent axle 42.Control system is connected to operate pilot fuel injector 38 and the air bleeding valve in cylinder head 26.This Sample, the especially timing of air bleeding valve 28 can be controlled in a variable manner, and and be controllable not solid with piston 24 position Determine relation.Therefore, the timing of air bleeding valve 28 and position can be controlled according to engine actual working environment.Preferably, start Machine, which is operated into, make it that effective compression ratio is more than or equal to 12：1.According to the embodiment of the present invention, effective compression ratio is by sweeping Gas/compression stage controls the closing of air bleeding valve relative to the position of piston 24 and is controlled as being more than or equal to 12：1.
Control system 40 is also arranged to control the operation of another gaseous fuel inlet port 30, and its relative to piston 24 The timing of position.
Although combined is considered as that most preferred embodiment describes the present invention in an illustrative manner, should Understand, the invention is not restricted to disclosed embodiment, but covering is included in the invention scope that appended claims are limited The various combinations or change of its interior feature, and various other applications.It is thin with reference to described in some embodiments when before Section with other embodiment it is combined be technically feasible when, this combination can be carried out.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of lean burn internal combustion type two-cycle engine (10), the internal combustion type two-cycle engine includes：At least one gas Cylinder (20), the cylinder carries and is arranged between top dead centre and lower dead center reciprocating piston (24)；Limit combustion chamber (22) cylinder head (26)；Oxygen-containing gas entrance (18) in the bottom of the cylinder (20), the oxygen-containing gas entrance is extremely It is few to lead to the combustion chamber (22) when the piston is located at its bottom dead center position；In the oxygen-containing gas entrance (18) and described The gaseous fuel inlet port (30) in the cylinder is arranged between cylinder head (26)；And it is arranged in the air bleeding valve of the cylinder head (28), it is characterised in that the cylinder head (26) is provided with least one precombustion chamber of igniting (36) and for injecting LPG in liquefied condition At least one standby ejector, the precombustion chamber of igniting leads to the combustion chamber (22) by its precombustion chamber mouthful (34), with logical The liquid fuel for crossing precombustion chamber (36) of being ignited described in being introduced into lights gas mixing substantially thin in the combustion chamber (22) Thing, and the timing of the air bleeding valve (28) can control in a variable manner.
2. two-cycle engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the engine (10) is provided with control system (40), the control system is connected to operate pilot fuel injector (38), the gaseous fuel inlet port (30) and the row Air valve (28) so that acted and escaped by scavenging without unburned fuel gas.
3. two-cycle engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that central shaft of the air bleeding valve in the cylinder The cylinder head is arranged at line.
4. two-cycle engine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the cylinder head (26) is provided with multiple pass through Precombustion chamber mouthful (34) leads to the precombustion chamber of igniting (36) of the combustion chamber (22).
5. two-cycle engine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that these precombustion chambers (36) are on the cylinder The central axis is arranged into the cylinder head in rotationally symmetrical fashion.
6. two-cycle engine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that each precombustion chamber is provided with pilot fuel spray Emitter (38).
7. two-cycle engine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that each precombustion chamber is provided with glow plug (38”)。
8. two-cycle engine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that each precombustion chamber is provided with spark plug (38')。
9. two-cycle engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the engine is included in identical lengthwise position It is arranged at least two gaseous fuel inlet ports (30) in the cylinder (20).
10. two-cycle engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the engine includes equally spacedly arranging In at least two gaseous fuel inlet ports (30) of the side face of the cylinder.
11. the method that one kind operates internal combustion type two-cycle engine (10) using fuel gas, this method comprises the following steps： After the power stroke of the engine, the gas for making the piston pass through the engine is moved downward by piston (24) Oxygen-containing gas entrance in the bottom of cylinder (20) and allow the oxygen-containing gas enter through the entrance (18) described in start The combustion chamber of machine, keeps the air bleeding valve (28) of the engine to open；The piston is passed through by the upward motion of the piston The oxygen-containing gas entrance crossed in the bottom of cylinder, so that the oxygen-containing gas stops entering combustion chamber, it is described through being arranged in At least one gaseous fuel inlet port (30) in cylinder introduces fuel gas and closes the air bleeding valve (28) of the engine, Characterized in that, providing low density gas in the combustion chamber；Compressed by making the piston be moved towards its top dead centre described The oxygen-containing gas and the fuel gas in combustion chamber (22), will be arranged in the cylinder head (26) of the engine extremely The lean mixtures of oxygen-containing gas and fuel gas in a few precombustion chamber are by being introduced at least one precombustion chamber Liquid fuel is lighted, and the cylinder head (26) is provided with least one standby ejector for injecting LPG in liquefied condition；And During the operating of the engine, the closure timings of the air bleeding valve (28) is controlled in a variable manner, to control described start The effective compression ratio of machine.
12. the method for operating two-cycle engine according to claim 11, it is characterised in that liquid fuel is introduced into institute Precombustion chamber is stated, and the liquid fuel is lighted by compression ignition at least one described precombustion chamber.
13. the method for operating two-cycle engine according to claim 11, it is characterised in that at least one is pre- described Combustion lights the fuel in room by spark ignition (36').
14. the method for operating two-cycle engine according to claim 11, it is characterised in that at least one is pre- described Combustion lights the fuel in room by applying the heat from glow plug (38 ").
15. the method for operating two-cycle engine according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the control air bleeding valve Closure timings, make it that the effective compression ratio is more than or equal to 12：1.
16. the method for operating two-cycle engine according to claim 11, it is characterised in that less than or equal to 1MPa's The fuel gas is introduced into the combustion chamber under pressure.
17. according to the method for any described operating two-cycle engine in claim 11 to 16, it is characterised in that only with Fuel gas carries out just operating the engine using fuel injector with liquid fuel in the case that operating is broken down.
18. a kind of two-cycle engine that the two-cycle engine operated with liquid fuel is converted to lean combustion gas operating Method, the two-cycle engine has the cylinder head in each cylinder of the engine, and entrance opening, the entrance opening For by oxygen-containing burning gases introduce be arranged in the engine each cylinder cylinder jacket combustion chamber, this method include with Lower step：
The old cylinder head of each cylinder of-removal engine,
- for the engine, new cylinder head is set, the new cylinder head be provided with for injecting LPG in liquefied condition at least one is standby With injector, and including exhaust outlet and valve and it is easy to light the fuel in combustion chamber by introducing liquid fuel therein Precombustion chamber,
- at from the entrance opening towards a distance of the cylinder head, at least one fuel openings is arranged in each gas The cylinder jacket of cylinder,
- the fuel gas metering valve cell associated with the fuel openings is set, and
- fuel gas metering valve cell is connected to liquid fuel source.
CN201180072136.8A 2011-07-08 2011-07-08 Internal combustion type two-cycle engine, the method for operating internal combustion type two-cycle engine and the method for changing two-cycle engine Active CN103748334B (en)

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