CN110821659A - Reformed gas-based single-fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine and combustion control method - Google Patents
Reformed gas-based single-fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine and combustion control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110821659A CN110821659A CN201810936669.XA CN201810936669A CN110821659A CN 110821659 A CN110821659 A CN 110821659A CN 201810936669 A CN201810936669 A CN 201810936669A CN 110821659 A CN110821659 A CN 110821659A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
- F02B69/02—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
- F02B69/04—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a single-fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine based on reformed gas and a combustion control method, and belongs to the field of combustion of internal combustion engines. The cylinder cover is provided with a cylinder cover main fuel nozzle and/or the cylinder sleeve is provided with a cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle, the cylinder cover is provided with an ignition chamber, and the ignition chamber is provided with a reformed gas nozzle and a spark plug or the cylinder sleeve is provided with the reformed gas nozzle. The ignition chamber is connected with the combustion chamber through a channel, and after the mixed gas in the ignition chamber is ignited by the spark plug, the engine is triggered to ignite in a flame jet mode. On cylinder cover and cylinder sleeve simultaneouslyWhen the main fuel nozzle is in a state of low load, the main fuel nozzle of the cylinder cover is used for supplying fuel, so that the heat efficiency is improved; at medium load, the main fuel nozzle of cylinder sleeve supplies fuel to reduce NOxGenerating; at high load, both the cylinder liner main fuel nozzle and the cylinder head main fuel nozzle supply fuel to control knocking. And high-efficiency clean combustion in all working condition ranges is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustion of internal combustion engines, in particular to a single-fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine based on reformed gas and a combustion control method.
Background
In order to reduce emissions, the use of hydrogen-loaded combustion technology in two-stroke engines can improve engine performance and emissions, primarily because of the high propagation speed of the combustion flame, the promotion of adequate combustion of the fuel, increased thermal efficiency, reduced unburned products, and low ignition temperatures, which can improve cold-start of the engine. The production cost and storage of hydrogen is one difficulty currently applied to engines.
Energy and environmental issues are becoming more prominent, and low temperature combustion of premixed compression ignition can improve the thermal efficiency of the engine and reduce NOx emissions. However, the ignition timing of premixed compression ignition is affected by environmental conditions and engine operating conditions and is difficult to control reliably. In addition, the working condition range is small, excessive HC and CO can be generated in cold start and low load, and knocking can be generated in high load.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new engine structure to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a single-fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine based on reformed gas and a combustion control method. The method mainly utilizes the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the engine to carry out catalytic reforming on the easily reformed fuel, and measures such as setting an ignition chamber, reasonably utilizing reformed gas, setting a main fuel nozzle of a cylinder sleeve and a main fuel nozzle of a cylinder cover, adjusting injection strategies and the like are adopted to realize the efficient clean combustion in the whole working condition range of the ignition chamber type two-stroke engine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of single fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine based on reformed gas, including scavenging port, exhaust passage and combustion chamber, characterized by that, set up the cylinder cover main fuel spray nozzle and/or set up the cylinder liner main fuel spray nozzle on the cylinder cover; an ignition chamber is arranged on the cylinder cover, a reformed gas nozzle and a spark plug of the ignition chamber are arranged on the ignition chamber, and the ignition chamber is connected with the combustion chamber through a channel; or a cylinder sleeve reformed gas nozzle is arranged on the cylinder sleeve; the ignition mode of the engine is that a spark plug ignites reformed gas in an ignition chamber, and flame jet rich in active base is sprayed into a combustion chamber from a channel to trigger combustion of fuel in a cylinder.
The ignition chamber structure is designed according to the arrangement condition of a cylinder cover, and the volume of the ignition chamber is not more than 5% of the clearance volume; the number of the channels of the ignition chamber and the combustion chamber is at least 1, the cross section of the channel is circular or the inlet is a circular outlet and is in a narrow slit shape, an oval shape or a round corner rectangle with a small area, and the longitudinal section of the channel adopts a straight cylinder shape, a tapered shape, a gradually expanded shape or a gradually contracted and gradually expanded shape or the combination of the shapes.
The ignition chamber and the cylinder cover main fuel nozzles are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder cover, and the number of the ignition chamber and the cylinder cover main fuel nozzles is at least 2; the setting position of the main fuel nozzle of the cylinder sleeve is determined according to the fuel density, the main fuel nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder sleeve when the fuel density is greater than the air, and is arranged at the middle part of the cylinder sleeve when the fuel density is less than the air, and the number of the main fuel nozzles of the cylinder sleeve is at least 2; the number of the cylinder sleeve reformed gas nozzles is at least 1.
The ignition chamber, the bottom of the cylinder cover, the bottom of the air valve, the top surface of the piston, the firepower bank and the upper part of the cylinder sleeve which can not be contacted by the piston ring are sprayed with heat insulation coatings, or the ignition chamber and the top of the piston are selected from heat insulation materials, and/or an electric heating device is arranged on the ignition chamber.
Using variable valve technology and/or using exhaust gas recirculation technology.
The reformed gas is obtained by modifying carbohydrate, alcohol, ether or hydrocarbon by utilizing the waste heat energy of the engine exhaust gas and/or an electric heating device and/or directly electrolyzing to prepare or fill pure hydrogen.
When the main fuel is diesel oil, ether, or mixed fuel containing diesel oil or mixed fuel containing ether, the fuel nozzle can only select the nozzle of the cylinder head, the compression ratio is set to be the critical compression ratio that the main fuel can not be directly compressed to ignite, and the premixed compression ignition is carried out.
A combustion control method for a reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine, characterized by: the engine is provided with an easily atomized main fuel nozzle on a cylinder cover and a cylinder sleeve simultaneously, or is provided with a reformed gas nozzle on the cylinder sleeve and/or the cylinder cover, the compression ratio is set to be a critical compression ratio at which the main fuel can not be directly compressed and ignited, and a premixed compression ignition mode of flame jet ignition of an ignition chamber is adopted. Or, the following control is carried out according to the working condition size:
at low load, fuel is supplied by using a cylinder head main fuel nozzle and a reforming gas nozzle;
at medium load, fuel is supplied using a cylinder liner main fuel nozzle and a reformed gas nozzle
At high loads, the cylinder liner main fuel nozzle, the cylinder head main fuel nozzle, and the reformed gas nozzle are used to supply fuel.
During cold starting, the variable valve technology is adopted to improve the compression ratio and/or the electric heating device is used to preheat the ignition chamber, main fuel is injected into the ignition chamber for ignition, or pre-stored reformed gas or reformed gas modified by electric heating is injected into the ignition chamber for ignition.
The reformed gas nozzle in the ignition chamber can spray for multiple times, when spraying in the early stage, the pressure of the reformed gas sprayed in the ignition chamber is greater than the pressure in the combustion chamber, the reformed gas enters the cylinder through the channel of the ignition chamber, and the reformed gas sprayed in the later stage is remained in the ignition chamber; the fuel in the ignition chamber consists of two parts, one part is the fuel pressed into the ignition chamber by the combustion chamber through a channel, and the other part is the fuel injected by the reforming gas nozzle in the ignition chamber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the single-fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine based on reformed gas can utilize the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the engine to carry out on-line catalytic reforming on the fuel which is easy to reform and produce hydrogen, thereby not only effectively carrying out the heat management of the engine, but also solving the difficulty of storing hydrogen. The flame jet flow of the ignition chamber can control the pre-mixing compression ignition phase, and the combination of the flame jet flow and the reformed gas can further improve the ignition performance and realize rapid combustion. The engine is provided with an easily atomized main fuel nozzle on a cylinder cover and a cylinder sleeve simultaneously, or is provided with a reformed gas nozzle on the cylinder sleeve and/or the cylinder cover under different working conditions to carry out injection strategies under different working conditions, so as to realize different combustion modes, and can also be provided with a critical compression ratio and adopt a premixed compression ignition mode of flame jet ignition of an ignition chamber. Thereby realizing high-efficiency clean combustion in all working condition ranges.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a two-stroke engine of the single-fuel-ignition chamber type based on reformate gas.
In the figure: 1. scavenging port, 2, exhaust passage, 3, combustion chamber, 4, cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle, 5, cylinder cover main fuel nozzle, 6, ignition chamber, 7, ignition chamber reformed gas nozzle, 8, spark plug, 9 and cylinder sleeve reformed gas nozzle.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown in fig. 1, the engine comprises a scavenging port 1, an exhaust passage 2 and a combustion chamber 3, wherein a cylinder head main fuel nozzle 5 is arranged on a cylinder head and/or a cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle 4 is arranged on a cylinder sleeve; an ignition chamber 6 is arranged on the cylinder cover, an ignition chamber reformed gas nozzle 7 and an ignition plug 8 are arranged on the ignition chamber 6, and the ignition chamber 6 is connected with the combustion chamber 3 through a channel; or a cylinder sleeve is provided with a cylinder sleeve reformed gas nozzle 9 and/or a cylinder cover reformed gas nozzle 10; the ignition mode of the engine is that a spark plug 8 ignites reformed gas in an ignition chamber 6, and flame jet rich in active groups is sprayed into a combustion chamber 3 from a channel to trigger combustion of fuel in a cylinder.
The structure of the ignition chamber 6 is designed according to the arrangement condition of a cylinder cover, and the volume of the ignition chamber 6 is not more than 5% of the clearance volume; the number of the channels of the ignition chamber 6 and the combustion chamber 3 is at least 1, the cross section of the channel is circular or the inlet is circular and the outlet is narrow slit-shaped, oval-shaped or rounded rectangle with small area, and the longitudinal section of the channel adopts a straight cylinder shape, a tapered shape, a gradually expanded shape or a gradually contracted and gradually expanded shape or the combination of the shapes.
The ignition chamber 6 and the cylinder cover main fuel nozzles 5 are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder cover, and the number of the ignition chamber 6 and the cylinder cover main fuel nozzles 5 is at least 2; the setting position of the cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle 4 is determined according to the fuel density, the cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder sleeve when the fuel density is greater than air, and is arranged at the middle part of the cylinder sleeve when the fuel density is less than air, and the number of the cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzles 4 is at least 2; the number of the cylinder sleeve reformed gas nozzles 9 is at least 1.
The ignition chamber 6, the bottom of the cylinder cover, the bottom of the air valve, the top surface of the piston, the firepower bank and the upper part of the cylinder sleeve which can not be contacted by the piston ring are sprayed with heat insulation coatings, or the ignition chamber 6 and the top of the piston are selected from heat insulation materials, so that the heat transfer loss is reduced, the heat efficiency of the engine is further improved, and/or an electric heating device is arranged on the ignition chamber 6, stable ignition is realized during cold start, ignition can also be realized under the condition exceeding the conventional combustion limit, the combustion rate in the ignition chamber 6 is accelerated, and the flame injection energy is improved.
Variable valve technology is adopted to realize variable compression ratio.
And the combustion speed of the fuel in the cylinder is controlled by adopting an exhaust gas recirculation technology.
The reformed gas is obtained by modifying carbohydrates, alcohols, ethers or hydrocarbons by utilizing waste heat energy of engine exhaust gas and/or an electric heating device, wherein raw materials for preparing the reformed gas can be methanol, ethanol, natural gas, dimethyl ether and the like; and/or directly electrolyzing or adding pure hydrogen, wherein the raw material for electrolyzing to obtain the pure hydrogen can be water, methanol and the like.
When the main fuel is diesel oil, ether, or mixed fuel containing diesel oil or mixed fuel containing ether, the fuel nozzle can only select the nozzle of the cylinder head, the compression ratio is set to be the critical compression ratio that the main fuel can not be directly compressed to ignite, and the premixed compression ignition is carried out.
Example 1:
the engine is provided with a main fuel nozzle which is easy to atomize on a cylinder cover and a cylinder sleeve, and a compression ratio is set to be a critical compression ratio at which the main fuel can not be directly compressed under the condition that a reformed gas nozzle is additionally arranged on the cylinder sleeve and the cylinder cover, and a premixed compression ignition mode of flame jet ignition of an ignition chamber is adopted. Or, the following control is carried out according to the working condition size:
when the load is low, the cylinder cover main fuel nozzle 5 and the reformed gas nozzle are used for supplying fuel, and layered mixed gas is formed in the cylinder, so that the rapid and sufficient combustion is realized, and the emission of HC and CO is reduced;
in medium load, a cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle 4 and a reformed gas nozzle are used for supplying fuel, and relatively homogeneous lean mixed gas is formed in a cylinder, so that fast combustion is realized, and NOx emission is reduced;
at high load, the cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle 4, the cylinder cover main fuel nozzle 5 and the reformed gas nozzle are used for supplying fuel, relatively homogeneous premixed gas is formed in a cylinder, the cylinder cover main fuel nozzle 5 is used for supplying fuel near a compression top dead center, knocking is restrained, and stable and efficient clean combustion is completed.
During cold starting, under the condition of no reformed gas, main fuel is sprayed into the ignition chamber 6 through the ignition chamber reformed gas nozzle 7, the compression ratio is improved by adopting a variable valve technology, so that the mixed gas in the ignition chamber is easier to ignite, and/or the ignition chamber 6 is preheated through an electric heating device on the ignition chamber 6, and the main fuel is sprayed into the ignition chamber 6 for ignition; or pre-stored reformed gas is injected into the ignition chamber 6 for ignition, or energy is provided for the reformed gas raw material through an electric heating device for modification, and the reformed gas obtained after modification is injected into the ignition chamber 6 for ignition.
The reformed gas nozzle 7 in the ignition chamber can spray for multiple times, when spraying in early stage, the pressure of the reformed gas sprayed in the ignition chamber is greater than the pressure in the combustion chamber, and the reformed gas enters the cylinder through a channel of the ignition chamber; the reformed gas injected in the later period is left in the ignition chamber 6, the equivalence ratio of the combustion limit of the hydrogen is 0.1-7.4, but the equivalence ratio is 0.3-3 in order to ensure that the reformed gas mixture in the ignition chamber 6 is stably ignited and combusted.
The fuel in the ignition chamber 6 consists of two parts, one part is the fuel pressed into the ignition chamber by the combustion chamber through the channel, and the other part is the fuel injected by the reforming gas nozzle 7 of the ignition chamber.
In the embodiment, the main fuel is taken as methanol, and research is carried out on a two-stroke engine, so that compared with the original engine, the thermal efficiency is improved by 10%, the nitrogen oxide is reduced by 70%, and the particulate matter emission is reduced by 95%. Other embodiments of the invention can also achieve the effect of efficient clean combustion.
Example 2: different from the embodiment 1, the method reduces the number of the cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzles 4, and realizes efficient and clean partial operating condition combustion by mixing with reformed gas and combusting through changing the injection time, the injection times and other strategies of the cylinder cover main fuel nozzles 5.
Example 3: unlike embodiment 1, the cylinder head main fuel nozzle 5 is reduced, and the main fuel is injected through the cylinder liner main fuel nozzle 4 and mixed with the reformed gas for combustion, thereby achieving efficient clean combustion.
Example 4: unlike embodiment 1, the reformed gas nozzle is not provided in the cylinder liner and/or the cylinder head, and the reformed gas fuel is supplied only through the ignition chamber reformed gas nozzle 7, thereby achieving efficient clean combustion.
Example 5: different from the embodiments 1-4, the variable valve technology and the exhaust gas recirculation technology are adopted, the critical compression ratio is set, so that the mixed gas is in the critical state which can not be directly compressed and is close to compressed and ignited, and the premixed compression ignition mode of flame jet ignition of the ignition chamber is adopted for high-efficiency clean combustion.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single fuel ignition chamber type two-stroke engine based on reformed gas comprises a scavenging port (1), an exhaust passage (2) and a combustion chamber (3), and is characterized in that a cylinder cover main fuel nozzle (5) is arranged on a cylinder cover and/or a cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle (4) is arranged on a cylinder sleeve; an ignition chamber (6) is arranged on a cylinder cover, a reformed gas nozzle (7) of the ignition chamber and a spark plug (8) are arranged on the ignition chamber (6), and the ignition chamber (6) is connected with the combustion chamber (3) through a channel; or a cylinder sleeve reformed gas nozzle (9) is arranged on the cylinder sleeve; the ignition mode of the engine is that a spark plug (8) ignites reformed gas in an ignition chamber (6), and flame jet rich in active groups is sprayed into a combustion chamber (3) from a channel to trigger combustion of fuel in a cylinder.
2. A reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the structure of the ignition chamber (6) is designed according to the arrangement condition of a cylinder cover, and the volume of the ignition chamber (6) is not more than 5% of the clearance volume; the number of the channels of the ignition chamber (6) and the combustion chamber (3) is at least 1, the cross section of the channel is circular or the inlet is circular, the outlet is in the shape of a narrow slit with a small area, an ellipse or a rounded rectangle, and the longitudinal section of the channel adopts a straight cylinder shape, a tapered shape, a gradually expanded shape or a gradually contracted and gradually expanded shape or the combination of the shapes.
3. A reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ignition chamber (6) and the cylinder cover main fuel nozzles (5) are arranged on the side face of the cylinder cover, and the number of the ignition chamber (6) and the cylinder cover main fuel nozzles (5) is at least 2; the setting position of the cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzle (4) is determined according to the fuel density, the fuel nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder sleeve when the fuel density is greater than air, the fuel nozzle is arranged at the middle part of the cylinder sleeve when the fuel density is less than air, and the number of the cylinder sleeve main fuel nozzles (4) is at least 2; the number of the cylinder sleeve reformed gas nozzles (9) is at least 1.
4. A reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ignition chamber (6), the bottom of the cylinder cover, the bottom of the air valve, the top surface of the piston, the fire bank and the upper part of the cylinder sleeve which can not be contacted by the piston ring are sprayed with heat insulation coatings, or the ignition chamber (6) and the top of the piston are selected from heat insulation materials; and/or an electric heating device is arranged on the ignition chamber (6).
5. A reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: using variable valve technology and/or using exhaust gas recirculation technology.
6. A reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reformed gas is obtained by modifying carbohydrate, alcohol, ether or hydrocarbon by utilizing the waste heat energy of the engine exhaust gas and/or an electric heating device and/or directly electrolyzing to prepare or fill pure hydrogen.
7. A reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the main fuel is diesel oil, ether, or mixed fuel containing diesel oil or mixed fuel containing ether, the fuel nozzle can only select the nozzle of the cylinder head, the compression ratio is set to be the critical compression ratio that the main fuel can not be directly compressed to ignite, and the premixed compression ignition is carried out.
8. A combustion control method for a reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine, characterized by: the engine is provided with an easily atomized main fuel nozzle on a cylinder cover and a cylinder sleeve simultaneously, or is provided with a reformed gas nozzle on the cylinder sleeve and/or the cylinder cover, the compression ratio is set to be a critical compression ratio at which the main fuel can not be directly compressed and ignited, and a premixed compression ignition mode of flame jet ignition of an ignition chamber is adopted. Or, the following control is carried out according to the working condition size:
at low load, fuel is supplied by using a cylinder head main fuel nozzle (5) and a reforming gas nozzle;
at medium load, the main fuel nozzle (4) and the reformed gas nozzle are used to supply fuel
At high load, the cylinder liner main fuel nozzle (4), the cylinder head main fuel nozzle (5) and the reformed gas nozzle are used to supply fuel.
9. The combustion control method of a reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine according to claim 8, wherein: during cold starting, the compression ratio is improved by adopting a variable valve technology and/or the ignition chamber (6) is preheated by an electric heating device, main fuel is injected into the ignition chamber (6) for ignition, or pre-stored reformed gas or reformed gas modified by electric heating is injected into the ignition chamber (6) for ignition.
10. The combustion control method of a reformed-gas-based single-fuel-ignition-chamber two-stroke engine according to claim 8, wherein: the reformed gas nozzle (7) in the ignition chamber can spray for multiple times, when in early spraying, the pressure of the reformed gas sprayed in the ignition chamber is greater than the pressure in the combustion chamber (3), the reformed gas enters the cylinder through the channel of the ignition chamber (6), and the reformed gas sprayed in the later period is remained in the ignition chamber (6); the fuel in the ignition chamber (6) is composed of two parts, one part is the fuel which is pressed into the ignition chamber (6) by the combustion chamber (3) through a channel, and the other part is the fuel which is injected by the reforming gas nozzle (7) of the ignition chamber.
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