CN103747847A - Method and device for dehydrating a co2 containing gas - Google Patents

Method and device for dehydrating a co2 containing gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103747847A
CN103747847A CN201280015363.1A CN201280015363A CN103747847A CN 103747847 A CN103747847 A CN 103747847A CN 201280015363 A CN201280015363 A CN 201280015363A CN 103747847 A CN103747847 A CN 103747847A
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Prior art keywords
gas
carbon dioxide
water
liquid
dewatering
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CN201280015363.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
沙拉维特·扎内特蒂诺威驰·伊曼福
雷纳德·马克罗威驰·多美特丽芙
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Victoria Capital Investments Group Ltd
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Victoria Capital Investments Group Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/08Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/263Drying gases or vapours by absorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2256/00Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
    • B01D2256/22Carbon dioxide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/28Selection of materials for use as drying agents

Abstract

Proposed is a method for dehydrating a CO2 containing gas (1) by cooling the gas (1) and separating the condensed water from the gas (1), wherein the gas is contacted with liquid CO2 to condense water contained in the gas (1) and the condensate is separated from the remaining gas. Further, a device for dehydrating a CO2 containing gas is proposed, comprising a gas feeding system for feeding the gas which has to be dehydrated, wherein the device comprises a CO2 feeding system for feeding liquid CO2, a contacting device (C) for contacting the gas and the liquid CO2 for cooling the gas (1) to condense the water contained in the gas (1), and which comprises a first separator (4) for separating the condensate from the remaining gas.

Description

Method and apparatus to the gas dewatering that comprises titanium dioxide
The present invention relates to a kind of method to the gas dewatering that comprises titanium dioxide, the method is by carrying out cooling to it, and condensed water is separated and carry out from gas, wherein gas contacts with liquid carbon dioxide, to will be included in the water condensation of gas, and condensate is separated from residual gas.In addition, provide a kind of to wrapping the device of carbonated gas dewatering, it comprises: gas feed system, for being fed to the gas that needs dehydration, wherein, this device comprises: for being fed to the carbon dioxide feeder system of liquid carbon dioxide, for allowing gas contact with carbon dioxide, to gas is carried out cooling and then will be included in the device of the water condensation of gas, and comprise the first separator for allowing condensate separate from residual gas.
According to the present invention, need dehydration and wrap carbonated gas to comprise natural gas, and the gas that comprises methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, oxygen etc. rather than comprise hydrocarbon gas.
This is known: by Compressed Gas and to carbonic acid gas dehydration (referenced patent CA325811,1932) in two compressors constantly.After this, in aerial cooler, Compressed Gas is cooling, and Compressed Gas is imported in container, in described container, condensed moisture is eliminated.From the gas in container, be imported in adsorbent, in adsorbent, carrying out take water vapor adsorption as main carbonic acid gas dehydration.
The defect of said method is that to realize the size of equipment of this method larger, and this is by the existence of adsorbent and cost and caused for realizing the needed energy supply of regeneration of adsorbent.
Another kind is described in DE2065941C2 the method for gas dewatering, at this, by refrigerating gas, carries out cooling with injecting ammonia at heat exchanger to gas.
DE2014776 is taught in heat exchanger and uses carbon dioxide as cooling piece, to carry out cooling to natural gas.
Another kind of known method is the gases at high pressure dehydration (with JP63074908,1988 form contrast) to being rich in carbonic acid gas, at this, utilizes aerial cooler to carry out coolingly to wrapping carbonated gas, and wherein, gas has extended in choke valve.The water forming after expanding is separated in separator from gas.The gas obtaining is compressed in compressor, is cooled, and is supplied to final consumer in aerial cooler.
The major defect of institute's describing method is to realize significantly gas dewatering.This is because in the caused gas expansion process of hydrate that may form, cannot obtain cryogenic gas when low temperature.
Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method and corresponding intrument, for carrying out effectively and high dehydration wrapping carbonated gas.
By providing a kind of method to the gas dewatering that comprises titanium dioxide to solve technical problem of the present invention, in the method, gas mixes with liquid carbon dioxide, so that by gas cooled, and then by the water condensation being included in gas, and condensate is separated from residual gas.That is to say, gas directly contacts with liquid carbon dioxide, so that by the water condensation being included in gas.
Can in separator, carry out the separated of condensed water in possible hydrate and be dissolved in the separation of the condensed water in the water in liquid carbon dioxide.
By liquid carbon dioxide, undertaken coolingly, can obtain low-down temperature, and can carry out condensation process in mode very efficiently.Another advantage of this method is to realize the condensation from steam to water with low-down cost.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas expansion that obtains and comprise gaseous carbon dioxide after contacting with liquid carbon dioxide, so that the residue water in condensed gas, and comprise liquid carbon dioxide, water and the optional hydrate that obtain are separated from the gas dehydration in interior liquid phase.And then will obtain dehydrated air.
Due to by mix the strong cold cause of the gas of realizing with fluid carbon dioxide, can realize and expanding by very little energy input.In addition it is also in the liquid carbon dioxide forming in expansion process that the hydrate crystal forming in expansion process alternatively, is dissolved in.In this way, improved the efficiency of gas dewatering.
In particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide, water and optional hydrate that obtains is local or all for the gas dewatering with needs, mix.Can be by liquid phase separation in separator.
This means: the liquid carbon dioxide producing as byproduct in cooling procedure is used in another cooling procedure of the present invention to gas cooled, to gas dewatering.In addition, in the expansion lower than forming the gas to be drained off carrying out at the temperature of hydrate, allowing formed hydrate to carry out separation, is also in the liquid carbon dioxide producing in expansion process because hydrate is dissolved in.
Preferably, it is-60 ℃ to 20 ℃ with the temperature range of the mixed liquid carbon dioxide of gas to be drained off.Most preferred scope is-40 ℃ to-20 ℃.
With the temperature range of the mixed gas of liquid carbon dioxide be-40 ℃ to 50 ℃.Most preferred scope is 30 ℃ to-50 ℃.
In particularly preferred embodiment, the temperature of gas is approximately 40 ℃, and the temperature of liquid carbon dioxide is approximately-27 ℃.The pressure limit of gas is preferably 4000-6000kPa, is more preferably about 5000kPa.
By expanding, gas temperature can preferably be reduced to lower than 0 ℃, is most preferably minimum-20 ℃.Gas pressure is preferably reduced to lower than 7000kPa by expansion, is most preferably reduced to minimum 2000kPa.
In particularly preferred embodiment, before expanding, gas phase temperature is approximately 15 ℃, and pressure is approximately 5000kPa.Passing through to expand, after cooling, gas phase temperature is approximately-20 ℃, and pressure is minimum 2000kPa.
The pressure limit of the liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water obtaining is between 100kPa-7000kPa, and temperature range is between-63 ℃-20 ℃.In most preferred embodiment, the pressure limit of the liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water obtaining is between 1200kPa-1600kPa, and temperature range is between-40 ℃-20 ℃.
Preferably, the pressure of the liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water obtaining is 1400kPa, and temperature is-30 ℃.
The liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water obtaining preferably pump is extracted into the pressure of about 5000kPa, and wherein, temperature is increased to approximately-27 ℃.
The liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water and have a high pressure obtaining is mixed with ensuing gas, and at this, continuous process is suitable for.
According to the present invention, provide a kind of for to wrapping the device of carbonated gas dewatering simultaneously.Described device comprises: gas feed system, for being fed to the gas that needs dehydration, wherein, this device comprises: for being fed to the carbon dioxide feeder system of liquid carbon dioxide, be used for allowing gas contact with carbon dioxide to gas is carried out cooling and then will be included in the water part of gas or the contact device of whole condensations, and comprise the first separator for allowing condensate separate from residual gas.
Contact device can be mixing arrangement, for gas and liquid carbon dioxide are mixed.In some cases, contact device can be container or water tower.
Preferably, described device comprises expansion gear, cooling for the residual gas that comprises gaseous carbon dioxide is carried out, and for obtaining the liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water and comprise alternatively hydrate, and for obtaining dehydrated air.
For the liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water is separated from dehydrated air, device comprises the second separator, and wherein, the second separator is connected with contact device with pattern.
The object that jet connection is set is that the liquid phase that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water is fed in contact device, to gas cooled.
Preferably, expansion gear is turbine, or so-called turbine expander.
In this case, device can comprise for by pressure-acting in the compressor of gas, at this, turbine is connected to compressor mechanically, thereby makes the moment of torsion that turbine produces can be used for drive compression machine.As alternative, the moment of torsion that turbine produces is used for driving generator, and at this, the electric energy that generator produces is for drive compression machine and/or other main bodys.
According to device of the present invention, it can be a part for the system for carbon dioxide is especially extracted from natural gas from gas.
Another theme of the present invention be according to of the present invention for to wrapping the purposes of the device of carbonated gas dewatering,, this purposes is for to wrapping especially gas dehydration of carbonated gas.
That is, theme of the present invention is to use the purposes of carrying out the method according to this invention according to device of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind ofly for to wrapping the method for carbonated gas dewatering, the method is taking in and the extraction from liquid phase mixture in separator when it expands based on bipolar mixture.According to the present invention, preferably, unstripped gas is cooled, and contacts or mix with the liquid carbon dioxide that has dissolved water in it.The mixture being received into is divided into the aqeous liquid phase of gas.Gas phase expands, thereby has obtained the liquid that comprises carbon dioxide and water, and wherein, liquid is local or all mix with unstripped gas, so at the temperature lower than formation hydrate, to expand be feasible.
In expansion process, gas can be by choke valve or by turbine, i.e. so-called turbine expander.
In the situation that gas expands in turbine expander, it is feasible utilizing moment of torsion that turbine expander produces dry or unstripped gas to be carried out compressing in compressor.Namely, can be by the main shaft of turbine expander and compressor mechanical connection.
Gas also can be expanded to swirling flow in the passage of cyclone separator or in the passage of vortex tube.Expansion process can at least occur two stages, in the stage therein, expands and occurs in cyclone separator and/or choke valve.
The biphase mixture of collecting after expanding can be separated into dry gas and two-phase flow, can in other separator, from two-phase flow, extract liquid.The liquid phase of described other separator is compressed, cooling, and mixes with unstripped gas.
Hereinafter will to the present invention, make an explanation based on example shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of four embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of fifth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of sixth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of seventh embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 has shown according to the schematic diagram of the device of eighth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1 has shown for realizing the proposed installation diagram of device that carries out the method for low temperature dewatering to wrapping carbonated gas.Namely, Fig. 1 has shown the mount scheme of realizing the method according to this invention, and wherein, gas expansion carries out in Joule-Thomson valve.Wrapping carbonated unstripped gas 1 is contacted or is mixed by the arteries and veins stream 2 with having dissolved the liquid carbon dioxide of water in it and be cooled.
Namely, unstripped gas 2 directly contacts with the carbonated arteries and veins stream 2 of bag, so that refrigerating gas, and then by the water condensation being included in unstripped gas 1.
The mixture 3 obtaining is split into gas phase 5 and moisture liquid phase 6 in separator 4.Arteries and veins stream 6 can be moisture, and water can be free form, the form after dissolving, and the form of hydrate.Namely, arteries and veins stream 6 can comprise aqueous water, liquid carbon dioxide and/or be included in other condensed components in unstripped gas 1.Gas phase 5 expands in choke valve 7, thereby obtains biphase mixture 8, and in separator 9, the liquid 10 that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water is separated from biphase mixture 8.By water pump 11, a part for this liquid or liquid is mixed with unstripped gas 1.If need, can be further processed dried gas 12, to can directly dehydrated air be supplied to gas consumer.
In choke valve 7, at the temperature lower than formation hydrate, there is gas expansion.
In order to limit the temperature that forms hydrate in the arteries and veins stream after choke valve or other expansion gears, can use the software program that is widely known by the people such as HYSYS etc.The condition of the arteries and veins stream temperature of the temperature forming lower than hydrate is provided by selecting the gas expansion of enough degree to provide.
In described device, the gas cooled in the expansion process by gas in choke valve 7 is carried out gas dewatering.The liquid that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water forming in this process is directed in unstripped gas 1.Water is separated from the liquid phase forming after unstripped gas 1 mixes with the liquid that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water.Merit attention: by unstripped gas 1 is contacted or mixed with the liquid 2 that comprises liquid carbon dioxide, gas obtains cold by force by the evaporation of liquid carbon dioxide.
Gas expansion can increase the efficiency according to gas dewatering of the present invention to the temperature lower than forming hydrate.If formed hydrate crystal in expansion process, these hydrate crystals are also in the liquid carbon dioxide forming in expansion process by being dissolved in.
Certain in the situation that, in arteries and veins stream, have Free water, and when the temperature of arteries and veins stream 3 is when forming the temperature of hydrate, the hydrate of water is separated in separator 4, and by its heating or destroyed by injection hydrate formation inhibitor.
In order to strengthen gas dewatering, can by the turbine expander shown in Fig. 2, carry out the refrigeration in advance of gas, this is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.That is to say, in Fig. 2, utilize turbine expander 13 to carry out gas expansion.In this embodiment, turbine expander 13 has been installed, rather than the choke valve shown in Fig. 1, at this, the main shaft of compressor 11 can be connected to the main shaft of turbine expander 13.
In Fig. 2, compressor 14 is arranged in the gas of discharge.Yet compressor 11 also can be arranged in the gas arteries and veins stream of discharge, or be arranged in raw material gaseous pulse stream.The arteries and veins stream parameter display of the system shown in Fig. 2 is in following table 1.The in the situation that of following consideration, unstripped gas 1 mainly comprises carbonic acid gas.Preferably, the inlet pressure of unstripped gas is 6000kPa, and the temperature of unstripped gas is 40 ℃.The goal pressure of dried gas is 3000kPa.
As shown in Figure 3, compressor 14 is arranged in the arteries and veins stream of unstripped gas 1.In order to reduce the temperature of compressor 14 unstripped gas afterwards, it is suitable that extra air-cooling apparatus 18 is installed.Preferably, in this embodiment, the main shaft of compressor 11 is connected to the main shaft of turbine expander.
Use the dewater unit of the method recommend can be for for extract a part for the recombiner unit of carbon dioxide from gas.
In some cases, in order to reduce costs and operating cost, cyclone separator or vortex tube can be installed and to replace turbine expander.In these cases, in the process expanding at gas, can obtain lower pressure in the passage of cyclone separator or vortex tube, and can allow gas reach lower temperature, therefore improve the efficiency of gas dewatering process.
Fig. 4 has shown another the possible example having for the cyclone separator of gas expansion or the apparatus and method of vortex tube according to of the present invention.Position 20 represents cyclone separator or vortex tube.
In some cases, cannot in cyclone separator or vortex tube, gas arteries and veins stream be separated from liquid qualitatively.Therefore, from the two-phase arteries and veins stream 21 of cyclone separator or vortex tube, be directed to separator 9, at this, liquid 10 is separated and be directed to unstripped gas and mix, as shown in Figure 5.That is to say, in this embodiment, carried out the compound expansion of gas.
In order to control the parameter in dehydration in a big way, can within least two stages, carry out gas expansion.In the stage therein, expansion is carried out in cyclone separator and/or choke valve.
Fig. 6 has shown a variant embodiment that realizes two-stage gas expansion of the present invention.At this, the two-phase arteries and veins stream flowing out from cyclone separator or vortex tube is directed to extra separator, at this, occurred the separated of liquid and with the mixing of unstripped gas.In this variant embodiment, first gas expands in turbine expander 13, then in the passage of cyclone separator or vortex tube 20, carries out.
In Fig. 7, show method and apparatus, wherein, the biphase mixture obtaining after expanding is separated from dry gas.In extra separator, liquid is separated from two-phase arteries and veins stream.Compressed, cooling from the gas in this extra separator, then mix with unstripped gas.That is to say, the biphase mixture obtaining after expanding is separated from dry gas and two-phase arteries and veins stream, in described extra separator, liquid is extracted away from two-phase arteries and veins stream.Fig. 7 has shown the example of realizing this situation.
After gas expands in turbine expander 13, gas carries out extra expansion in the passage of vortex tube (or cyclone separator) 20.At gas, import vortex tube (such as cyclone separator) before, can be from gas separating and condensing thing 29.Two-phase from vortex tube is directed in extra separator 9, be directed in unstripped gas, and gas is further compressed in compressor 14 from the liquid in this extra separator, is cooled, and mixes with unstripped gas in air-cooling apparatus 18.
Cold by force for gas is carried out, and the dew point of the water of the gas that therefore reduction is discharged, can carry out cooling to unstripped gas and/or the mixture forming after unstripped gas is mixed with the liquid of the water that comprises dissolved form.
Fig. 8 has shown and has realized a this cooling example.At this, to the unstripped gas forming after unstripped gas is mixed with the liquid of the water that comprises dissolved form, carry out cooling.That is to say, the unstripped gas in given embodiment continues cooling in air-cooling apparatus 18 and in recuperative heat exchanger.
In all embodiment of the method according to this invention, before the expansion that realizes unstripped gas, the liquid that comprises Free water can be added in unstripped gas, wherein, liquid can be by additionally cooling.
Table 1 has below been shown the operation of the inventive method and the result obtaining, the result especially obtaining by the device shown in Fig. 2.
Table 1
Figure BDA0000387764590000101
Note: numerical value 0,0000 represents that water content is less than 0,0001.
Label list
Figure BDA0000387764590000111

Claims (14)

1. one kind to wrapping the method for carbonated gas dewatering, it is by carrying out cooling and condensed water being separated and carried out from described gas (1) to gas (1), it is characterized in that: described gas (1) contacts with the liquid carbon dioxide for cooling this gas (1), to will be included in the water condensation in described gas (1), and isolate condensate from remaining gas.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the residual gas that comprises gaseous carbon dioxide expands, and then by the water condensation in described gas, and comprise liquid carbon dioxide, water and the optional hydrate that obtain are separated from the gas dehydration in interior liquid phase (10).
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the liquid phase obtaining (10) is at least local for contacting with the gas of needs dehydration.
4. according to the method described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterized in that: by the temperature range of the liquid carbon dioxide mixing with described gas, be-60 ℃ to 20 ℃.
5. according to the method described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterized in that: by the temperature range of the gas mixing with liquid carbon dioxide, be-40 ℃ to 50 ℃.
6. according to the method described in any one in claim 2-5, it is characterized in that: by expanding, gas temperature is reduced to lower than 0 ℃.
7. according to the method described in any one in claim 2-6, it is characterized in that: gas pressure is reduced to lower than 7000kPa by expansion.
8. according to the method described in any one in claim 2-7, it is characterized in that: the pressure limit of the liquid phase (10) that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water and optional hydrate obtaining is between 100kPa-7000kPa, and temperature range is between-63 ℃-20 ℃.
9. one kind to wrapping the device of carbonated gas dewatering, comprise: gas feed system, for being fed to the gas (1) that needs dehydration, it is characterized in that: this device comprises: for being fed to the carbon dioxide feeder system of liquid carbon dioxide, be used for allowing gas (1) contact with carbon dioxide to gas is carried out cooling and then will be included in the contact device (C) of the water condensation of gas (1), and comprise the first separator (4) for allowing condensate separate from residual gas.
10. according to claim 9 to wrapping the device of carbonated gas dewatering, it is characterized in that: described device comprises expansion gear, cooling for the residual gas that comprises gaseous carbon dioxide is carried out, and for obtaining the liquid phase (10) that comprises liquid carbon dioxide and water and comprise alternatively hydrate.
11. is according to claim 10 to wrapping the device of carbonated gas dewatering, it is characterized in that: described expansion gear is turbine (13).
12. according in claim 9-11 described in any one to wrapping the device of carbonated gas dewatering, it is characterized in that: described device comprises the second separator (9), for liquid phase (10) is separated from dehydrated air, wherein, the second separator (9) is connected with described contact device (C) with pattern.
13. according to described in claim 11 or 12 to wrapping the device of carbonated gas dewatering, it is characterized in that: described device comprise for by pressure-acting in the compressor (14) of dehydrated air (12), at this, described turbine (13) is connected to described compressor (14) mechanically, thereby the moment of torsion that turbine (13) is produced can be used for driving described compressor (14).
14. according in aforementioned claim 10-13 any one for to the device that wraps carbonated gas dewatering to wrapping especially purposes during gas dehydration of carbonated gas.
CN201280015363.1A 2011-10-18 2012-10-10 Method and device for dehydrating a co2 containing gas Pending CN103747847A (en)

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DE102011084733A DE102011084733A1 (en) 2011-10-18 2011-10-18 Method and device for dewatering a CO 2 -containing gas
PCT/EP2012/070029 WO2013057019A1 (en) 2011-10-18 2012-10-10 Method and device for dehydrating a co2 containing gas

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CA2832711A1 (en) 2013-04-25
AU2012325030A1 (en) 2013-10-17

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Application publication date: 20140423