CN1037474A - 可更新的刀具 - Google Patents

可更新的刀具 Download PDF

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CN1037474A
CN1037474A CN89102655A CN89102655A CN1037474A CN 1037474 A CN1037474 A CN 1037474A CN 89102655 A CN89102655 A CN 89102655A CN 89102655 A CN89102655 A CN 89102655A CN 1037474 A CN1037474 A CN 1037474A
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knife bar
face
groove
insert
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CN1018161B (zh
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维廉·伊沃特·科格
季米·阿兹尔·克奥斯
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CBS Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/30—Dovetail-like connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/69—Redundant disconnection blocking means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/53—Split end with laterally movable opposed portions
    • Y10T403/535—Split end with laterally movable opposed portions with separate force-applying means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/1908—Face or end mill
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/1908—Face or end mill
    • Y10T407/191—Plural simultaneously usable separable tools in common seat or common clamp actuator for plural simultaneously usable tools
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/1932—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool with means to fasten tool seat to holder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/1934—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder
    • Y10T407/1938—Wedge clamp element
    • Y10T407/194—Resilient clamp jaw
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/22—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/2272—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder
    • Y10T407/2282—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder including tool holding clamp and clamp actuator
    • Y10T407/2286—Resiliently biased clamp jaw
    • Y10T407/2288—Integral with holder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30952—Milling with cutter holder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)

Abstract

刀具包括从损坏刀具如端铣刀上切割出的圆柱 形插入件，它带有一端上的面(23)和在另一端上开出 的一个横向燕尾凸榫(21)，它在圆柱形刀杆(27)的尾 端面上与横燕尾槽(29)配合，该刀杆有一个横向槽 (49)，将刀杆的尾端分成两轴向延伸尾端部分(35、 37)，每部分上包括燕尾槽(29)的一半。一个夹紧装 置(45)将刀杆(27)的两尾端部分(35、37)靠紧，通过 燕尾槽(29)上的两个半部分与凸榫(21)的楔紧力将 插入件(17)拉紧在刀杆(27)的端面上。

Description

本发明涉及铣刀，特别是由刀杆和用损坏的端面铣刀制成的插入体构成的端铣刀。
端铣刀是在端面上有切削刃和在圆柱面上有锯形齿的圆柱形刀具。这类刀具用于各类金属件的粗加工，例如加工涡轮叶片。
尽管端铣刀一般用淬火钢制成，但刀具也可能破裂或损坏。在加工操作时，仅仅使用端铣刀的端部，但为了固定和局部间隙对延伸的刀具计量长度有要求。带有这一附加长度部分的刀具的工作端的损坏使整个刀具报废，尽管还保留有75%的切削表面。这样仅仅损坏端铣刀的端部，就会导致更换整个刀具，这样花费很大。
因此，本发明的主要目的是提供一种装置利用损坏刀具减少更换损坏端铣刀具的成本。
根据本发明的刀具包括在一端有一端面的圆柱形刀杆，该端面上限定了一个横向燕尾槽和一个横向槽，该槽沿轴向从上述端面起延伸，穿过上述燕尾槽，将上述圆柱形刀杆的一端分成两个轴向延伸端部分，其每部分端上包括上述燕尾槽的一半部分;一个插入件包括一个圆柱形部分，它有第1和第2端部，第1端限定切削齿，第2端部限定一个端面，其上有横向延伸的燕尾凸榫，上述横向燕尾凸榫与刀杆上燕尾槽配合，夹紧装置将刀杆的两尾端部分靠紧在一起，以便通过将两半个燕尾槽楔紧作用力把插入件的端面与刀杆的端面紧靠在一起，上述将刀杆分成两轴向延伸的尾端部分的横向槽的宽度是这样选择的，插入件的端面紧靠在刀杆尾端面和燕尾槽上时使刀杆的两尾端部分相互靠紧，燕尾槽有一个底部，和到该底的深度，这样，由于插入件的上述端面靠在刀杆的端面上，使在凸榫和上述燕尾槽底部之间有一个间隙，以便能防止燕尾槽和凸榫的过应力。
夹紧装置最好有一个螺栓，放置在刀杆一端部的锪孔中，并拧进另一部分中的阶梯孔中。
能将刀杆分成两部分的横向槽最好这样选择宽度，在插入件端面与刀杆端面靠紧时使刀杆的两尾端部分相互靠紧以防止燕尾槽和凸榫的过应力。
本发明的另一个特征是插入件上的燕尾凸榫被一个锁紧销锁定防止在燕尾槽中的滑动，该锁紧销插入通过刀杆的横向通道，该刀杆的通道与插入件上燕尾凸榫贯穿的横向通道对齐。最好这些横向通道是加工在刀杆的尾端面上，并穿过插入件上的燕尾凸榫的槽。固定件是内六角螺钉，能将锁紧销固定在槽里。
通过下述说明和参见附图及实施例能更清楚地说明本发明：
图1是本发明的损坏端铣刀的侧视图，表示刀具插入件从其上被切开的情况。
图2是本发明刀杆的带有局部剖视的侧视图。
图3是图2中刀杆的端视图。
图4是本发明完整的刀具插入件的侧视图。
图5是图4中插入件的端视图。
图6是本发明再利用的端铣刀的局部分分解视图。
图7是图6中的一个放大部分，它表明根据本发明的楔紧作用使刀具插入件紧紧贴在刀杆上。
图1表示端铣刀1，其上被损坏的端部3被切除，该部分3的端部上有铣刀刃5，在圆柱面有锯齿形的齿7。
这种端铣刀1是由热处理淬硬的高速钢制成。为切割这种硬金属，可以使用线切割电加工机床9（a    wire    electric    discharge    machine），该机床分别由上、下线导向器13、15导向的带电细线切割端铣刀1。线切割机切割能保证高精度，其切割宽度达到从0.0035英吋（0.0897mm）到0.013英吋（0.333mm）范围的宽度，而材料的硬度不限。
由于去掉端部分3，从损坏刀具的剩下部分切割出圆柱形切削插入件17。每插入件的一端19用线切割机加工出横向燕尾凸榫21，它从平端面23突出。如图4所表示的，铣刀刃25被加工成插入件17的另一端。如图1所表示的，几个插入件17都可以是单个损坏刀具15重新利用。
插入件17连接到带有横向燕尾槽29的圆柱形刀杆27上，该燕尾槽29是在刀杆一端32的圆形表面31上加工出来的。如图2和图3所示，通过燕尾槽29轴向延伸的横向槽33将刀杆的尾端32分割成截面大致呈半圆形的两端部分35和37，每部分分别包括燕尾槽29的半边29a和29b。燕尾槽29和槽33可用线切割电加工机床进行加工。槽33构成两个杆尾端部分35和37之间的缝隙，该缝隙对本发明操作的重要性，将说明如下。
定位孔39和41分别横向通过刀杆端部分35和37并与槽33的平面垂直。孔39有台阶孔43能容纳凹头螺栓45的螺帽（见图6），该螺栓与螺纹孔41上的螺纹47啮合。
呈横向槽49形式的一段通道是在与燕尾槽29垂直的刀杆27的端部分35和37的端面31上切出的。相应的呈槽51形式的横向通道通过插入件的燕尾凸榫切出（见图5）。
组装刀具时，插入件上的燕尾凸榫21插进刀杆上的燕尾槽29中轴向对准图6中所示的两部件。这使凸榫21上的槽51与刀杆27的端部分35和37上的槽49对齐。锁紧销53被插入到这些槽中，以便在刀杆27中使插入件17侧向定位。圆头螺栓55和57拧入刀杆27上尾端部分35和37上的台阶螺纹孔59和67中以夹持锁紧销53。
由于插入件17通过锁紧销53与刀杆适当地对正，螺栓45插进孔39中并拧紧螺纹孔41中，将刀杆27的两端部分相互靠近以便插入件的端面23靠紧刀杆的端面31。这样形成作用在燕尾凸榫21的槽面上的燕尾槽29的两半29a和29b的槽面的楔紧作用力。该楔紧作用力如图7所示由于拧紧螺栓产生夹紧力而产生一个轴向分力。
为避免燕尾槽29和凸榫21上的过应力，槽33的宽度（图7B夸大示出）这样选择，使刀杆27的两端部分35和37在插入件端面23紧靠在刀杆尾端面上时相互靠紧。在示例刀具中，燕尾槽29和燕尾凸榫21的侧面成45°角，槽33的宽度是0.013英吋（0.33mm）。该槽是在线切割电加工机床中由线径为0.012英吋（0.308mm）的线切割出的。燕尾槽29的深度上有0.005英吋（0.128mm）的间隙，以保证插入件17端面23紧靠在刀杆27的端面31上，而不是使凸榫21靠在燕尾槽29的底部。最好槽33的宽度不超过0.016英吋（0.410mm）以避免在燕尾槽29和凸榫27上的过应力。
制做本发明的刀具能降低基本加工成本。

Claims (5)

1、一刀具，包括在一端有端面(31)的圆柱形刀杆(27)，该端面上限定一个横向燕尾槽(29)和一个横向槽(33)，该槽从上述端面(31)沿轴向延伸，穿过上述燕尾槽(29)将上述圆柱形刀杆(27)的一端分开成轴向延伸的两端部分(35、37)，每个该端部分都在其端部包括燕尾槽(29)的一半部分；一插入件(17)包括带有第1和第2端的圆柱段，第1端限定切削齿(7)，而第2端限定带有横向燕尾凸榫(21)的端面(23)该凸榫21从该端面延伸，上述横向燕尾凸榫(21)在刀杆(27)上与燕尾槽(29)相配合；夹紧装置(45)将刀杆(27)的两尾端部分(35、37)靠紧在一起以便把插入件(17)的端面(23)紧靠在刀杆(27)的端面上，通过靠在燕尾凸榫(21)上的燕尾槽(29)两个半部分的楔紧力作用实现的，上述横向槽(33)将刀杆分成两个轴向延伸的尾端部分，其宽度是这样选择的，即当插入件的端面(31)紧靠在刀杆(27)的端面(31)上时刀杆(27)的两个尾端部分(35、37)相互靠在一起，燕尾槽(29)有底部和到底部的深度，以使插入件(17)的上述端部分靠在刀杆(27)的端面上，在凸榫和上述燕尾槽(29)的底之间有间隙以便防止产生燕尾槽与凸榫上的过应力。
2、根据权利要求1所述的刀具，其特征在于，上述夹紧装置包括校正孔（59）开在上述刀杆的尾端部分（35、37）上，横向相对上述槽（33），紧固件（45）通过上述孔（59）延伸并与上述尾端部分（35、37）相啮合。
3、根据权利要求2所述的刀具，其特征在于，在其中之一的上述刀杆尾端部（37）上的孔（59）是带螺纹的，而紧固件为一个螺栓（45），能装到另一刀杆尾端部分（35）上，并且拧进螺纹孔（41）中。
4、根据权利要求3所述的刀具，其特征在于，一个横向通道（49）穿过上述刀杆尾端部分（35、37）延伸，它通过上述插入件（17）上的燕尾凸榫（21）和通过上述通道（49、51）的锁紧销与横向通道（51）对齐。
5、根据权利要求1所述的刀具，其特征在于，上述插入件（17）是从一个损坏的端铣刀上切割出的。
CN89102655A 1988-04-27 1989-04-25 可更新的刀具 Expired CN1018161B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US186871 1988-04-27
US07/186,871 US4832540A (en) 1988-04-27 1988-04-27 Reconditioned milling tool and method of making same

Publications (2)

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CN1037474A true CN1037474A (zh) 1989-11-29
CN1018161B CN1018161B (zh) 1992-09-09

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US (1) US4832540A (zh)
JP (1) JPH01316111A (zh)
KR (1) KR0138110B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1018161B (zh)
CA (1) CA1326352C (zh)
ES (1) ES2013897A6 (zh)
IT (1) IT1233354B (zh)

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CN100406175C (zh) * 2001-11-13 2008-07-30 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 用于去除碎屑机加工的可旋转工具和附属的切削部件
CN100566896C (zh) * 2003-05-14 2009-12-09 戴蒙得创新股份有限公司 切削工具镶件及制造方法
CN104647096A (zh) * 2014-03-28 2015-05-27 梧州奥卡光学仪器有限公司 聚光器升降座车夹具

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US7179295B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2007-02-20 Nebojsa Kovacevic Prosthetic shock absorber
CN101829887B (zh) * 2010-05-18 2012-02-29 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 一种利用报废轮槽精铣刀改制轮槽半精铣刀的方法

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US2986056A (en) * 1961-05-30 Tool holder
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US866361A (en) * 1907-03-18 1907-09-17 Wilber Reuben Hitchcock Drill attachment.
US929234A (en) * 1908-01-31 1909-07-27 Frederic R Mather Wheel.
US2289583A (en) * 1941-01-09 1942-07-14 Frank J Malone Tool holder
US3433104A (en) * 1966-10-26 1969-03-18 Valeron Corp Adjustable dovetail boring bar

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100406175C (zh) * 2001-11-13 2008-07-30 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 用于去除碎屑机加工的可旋转工具和附属的切削部件
CN100566896C (zh) * 2003-05-14 2009-12-09 戴蒙得创新股份有限公司 切削工具镶件及制造方法
CN104647096A (zh) * 2014-03-28 2015-05-27 梧州奥卡光学仪器有限公司 聚光器升降座车夹具

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JPH01316111A (ja) 1989-12-21
KR0138110B1 (ko) 1998-04-28
ES2013897A6 (es) 1990-06-01
KR890015808A (ko) 1989-11-25
CN1018161B (zh) 1992-09-09
IT1233354B (it) 1992-03-27
US4832540A (en) 1989-05-23
CA1326352C (en) 1994-01-25
IT8941580A0 (it) 1989-04-21

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