CN103746485B - A kind of cooling structure of permagnetic synchronous motor - Google Patents

A kind of cooling structure of permagnetic synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103746485B
CN103746485B CN201310724028.5A CN201310724028A CN103746485B CN 103746485 B CN103746485 B CN 103746485B CN 201310724028 A CN201310724028 A CN 201310724028A CN 103746485 B CN103746485 B CN 103746485B
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cooling
rotor
synchronous motor
permagnetic synchronous
stator
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CN103746485A (en
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曹翼
李光耀
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Shanghai Motor System Energy Saving Engineering Technology Research Center Co Ltd
Shanghai Dianke Motor Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Motor System Energy Saving Engineering Technology Research Center Co Ltd
Shanghai Dianke Motor Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the cooling structure design of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor, wherein the rotor core of this motor has the axial cooling duct of smooth type and radial cooling channels, and connection has the blade of some at two side guides.Operationally, in electric machine casing, cooling medium is under the effect of blade for motor, circulates through radial and axial cooling duct, cooling medium cool down the stator and rotor of motor simultaneously.This structure makes cooling medium axially and radially flowing by described stator and rotor, rotor uniform throughout especially can be made to dispel the heat, reach good cooling effect.

Description

A kind of cooling structure of permagnetic synchronous motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric rotating machine Cooling Design field, particularly to the permagnetic synchronous motor with rotor cooling structure.Wherein this rotor has the axial cooling duct of smooth type and radial cooling channels, and this structure makes cooling medium operationally can axially and radially flow by described stator and rotor, rotor uniform throughout especially can be made to dispel the heat, reach good cooling effect.
Background technology
Electrified Transmission plant equipment is widely used in the fields such as national defence, space flight, metallurgy, particularly controlling transmission field in advanced manufacturing field of equipment and high accuracy at present, and mostly its power source is by the permasyn morot driving controller to drive.The feature of this electric drive system be integrated with machinery, electrically, electronics, control, the various advanced technologies such as new material, develop into the product of height electromechanical integration.Have that speed adjustable range is wide, rotary inertia is little, system effectiveness is high, be easily achieved stepless speed regulation and the accurate advantage controlled.
Along with the development of modern each industrial application, all technical driving motor is required more and more higher.While lifting motor capacity, the volume of motor, rotating speed, use temperature rise etc. are proposed the restrictive condition of harshness, therefore drives the Cooling Design of motor increasingly to seem important.
The cooling scheme that magneto is widely used at present is the stator of motor to be carried out air-cooled or liquid compulsory circulative cooling, and does not has special cooling provision to rotor.The non-uniform air-gap caused due to stator core teeth groove structure and the higher harmonic component applied in electric current, cause containing a large amount of harmonic waves in magneto air-gap field, and this will produce high frequency added losses in motor stator and rotor iron core;Simultaneously because magnet steel is electric conductor, therefore higher hamonic wave also can produce eddy-current loss in magnet steel, and these added losses not only reduce the efficiency of motor, adds heating and the temperature rise level of motor, and carrys out risk to the operating band steady in a long-term of motor.
Axial flow of air difficulty owing between permanent magnet machine rotor and stator, air gap is narrow and small, in air gap so that the cooling difficulty of rotor, can produce the problem that heating is serious, and this will make the loss of excitation under long term high temperature of the magnetic steel material on rotor, reduces the output usefulness of motor;It addition, rotor core heating is serious, heat is delivered on rotating shaft and bearing, it will affecting the service life of bearing, and make rotating shaft produce thermal deformation, affect the service behaviour of motor, cause motor oscillating violent, noise is serious.So in magneto, particularly in the magneto of high power density, the heating problem on rotor needs emphasis to consider, the cooling structure design of rotor is also extremely important.
The patent of Application No. ZL200610095805.4, mentions the electromotor cooling system structure with center rotor cooling tube, but this structure on rotor core with spoon shape body, be arranged in rotor core lower face, be not suitable for the permagnetic synchronous motor of surface-mount type.The patent of Application No. ZL201010184819.X, mention the high-speed electric expreess locomotive structure with rotor cooling structure, but this structure is only provided with axial ventilation hole on rotor core, although certain cooling effect can be played on rotor, but the minitype permanent magnetism motor of finite length can only be played preferable cooling effect by this kind of structure, for the permagnetic synchronous motor that capacity is bigger, such as rotor axial length is more than 300mm or bigger, long rotor will limit the cooling medium consumption by axial cooling duct, causes rotor axial length uneven in temperature.The patent of Application No. ZL201010136949.6, mention the automatic inner-cooling rotor structure of high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor, it is to utilize Surface Mount magnet steel and permanent magnet sheath to constitute axial ventilation duct, it is only applicable to surface-mount type permagnetic synchronous motor, and it is not provided with radial cooling channels, there is also the problem that long rotor axial length is uneven in temperature.The patent of Application No. ZL200780033194.3, mention the cooling structure of the rotor radial ventilation duct for motor excitation winding, also utilize axial cooling duct, but the magnet steel surface and the sheath that do not apply to surface-mounted permanent magnet machine form available ventilation road, lack to magnetic steel of magnetoelectric machine on rotor-position placement design, it is therefore desirable on rotor structure, improve Design of ventilation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome prior art not enough, arranges by improving motor cooling, is effectively improved the cooling effect of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that the rotor cooling structure providing a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: the rotor axial cooling duct of multiple smooth types of radial spoke emitting distribution formed in being included in rotor core and the rotor radial cooling duct of multiple smooth types of the distribution of segmentation vertically, the radial spoke emitting multiple stator shaft orientation cooling duct formed in being additionally included in stator core and multiple stator radial cooling channels of the distribution of segmentation vertically;Rotor core two side guide has multiple air vent, and on two side guides, it is connected to multi-disc slim vane, it is logical at the cavity inner recirculation flow of permagnetic synchronous motor that slim vane follows rotor core rotary motion rear drive cooling medium, cooling medium cools down rotor core by rotor axial cooling duct and rotor radial cooling duct during circulation, meanwhile, cooling medium cools down stator core by stator shaft orientation cooling duct and stator radial cooling channels during circulation;It is formed with channel structure in the outer wall of stator core and the housing contact position of permagnetic synchronous motor, the cooling medium in channel structure directly cools down stator core, and indirectly cool down the cooling medium in the cavity of permagnetic synchronous motor.
Preferably, described rotor radial cooling duct is positioned opposite and separate with described stator radial cooling channels.
Preferably, described rotor axial cooling duct or is parallel to rotor axis in described rotor core, or favour rotor axis, and the cross section of described rotor axial cooling duct shrinks toward center flare from described rotor core both ends of the surface, it is provided with every windshield plate in the center of described rotor core.
Preferably, described rotor axial cooling duct or described stator shaft orientation cooling duct are uniformly distributed around central shaft at circumference.
Preferably, the number of the air vent offered on described rotor two side guide is identical with the number of described rotor axial cooling duct, and its aperture is more than the rotor axial cooling duct on described rotor core end face.
Preferably, described air vent or be perpendicular to described pressing plate end face and arrange, or it is obliquely installed to described rotor core direction of rotation.
Preferably, described slim vane to be shaped as class rectangle or class fan-shaped, its mounting means is FC or radial or BI.
Preferably, in described rotor core, it is placed with magnet steel, its modes of emplacement or be surface-mount type or for built-in type.
Preferably, the rotating shaft of permagnetic synchronous motor is fixed with tube-axial fan impeller.
Preferably, the outside in described stator shaft orientation cooling duct is provided with deep bead.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, the cooling structure for permagnetic synchronous motor of the present invention, is provided with radial and axial cooling duct on motor stator and rotor, and connection has the slim blade of some at two side guides.Motor is when rotary work, in electric machine casing, cooling medium is under the effect of blade, circulate through radial and axial cooling duct, by cooling medium, the stator and rotor of motor are cooled down simultaneously, reduce the risk that the at high temperature long-term work of motor stator and rotor brings, extend the service life of motor, and the task performance of motor can be improved.
2, it is cased with water channel outside the housing of motor, can the most directly cool down stator, and indirectly reduce the temperature of cooling medium in cavity, be more beneficial for the cooling effect of whole motor.
3, rotor axial cooling duct area in the axial direction is variable, axis distribution can be parallel to, it can also be tilt axis distribution, the cooling duct that area changes with axial location change can reduce the problem that pressure head is inadequate and air quantity is on the low side owing to rotor core is long and radial passage shunting brings, and rotor center position can obtain the cooling effect close with both sides, make rotor entirety cold and hot uniformly, it is to avoid rotor core deformation and the risk of magnetic steel material loss of excitation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is permagnetic synchronous motor overall structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is conventional non-refrigerated rotor structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation described in embodiment 5;
In figure, each label indicates: 1, housing;2, channel structure;3, stator core;4, stator shaft orientation cooling duct;5, stator radial cooling channels;6, air gap;7, rotor core;8, rotor radial cooling duct;9, stator pressing plate;10, stator coil end;11, deep bead;12, drive end bearing bracket;13, impeller assembly;14, fore bearing assembly;15, rotating shaft;16, radiating ribs;17, slim vane;18, pressing plate;19, rotor axial cooling duct;20, windshield;21, external fan;22, rear end cap;23, rear bearing assembly.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 represents a kind of structure example for permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor cooling of the present invention, including housing 1, stator core 3, rotor core 7, drive end bearing bracket 12, rear end cap 22, fore bearing assembly 14, rear bearing assembly 23 etc..Stator core 3 is sheathed in housing 1;Magnet steel fixed placement is in rotor core 7, and with two side guides 18 at axial restraint, rotor core 7 is fixed on machine shaft 15, forms rotor assembly.Rotor core 7 is sheathed in stator core 3, and drive end bearing bracket 12, rear end cap 22, fore bearing assembly 14, rear bearing assembly 23 separately constitute before and after's cavity with housing 1, and internal cooling medium can flow through in cavity.When motor runs, it is about the rectangle of 0.5~5mm or the slim vane 17 of sector by the thickness on two side guides 18 to be flowed by the cooling medium within rotary motion driving, to reach to cool down stator winding end 10, rotating shaft 15 and fore bearing assembly 14 and the effect of rear bearing assembly 23, the number of slim vane 17 and size air quantity as required and pressure head can be optimized design, to reach the intact requirement providing cooling power, avoid causing mechanical vibration and noise to increase because design is unreasonable simultaneously.The rotor axial cooling duct 19 of multiple smooth types of radial spoke emitting distribution formed in rotor core 7 and the rotor radial cooling duct 8 of multiple smooth types of the distribution of segmentation vertically, can arrange a rotor radial cooling duct 8 every 30~80mm length in rotor core 7, width is typically 5~15mm.The multiple stator shaft orientation cooling ducts 4 of radial spoke emitting distribution formed in stator core 3 and multiple stator radial cooling channels 5 of the distribution of segmentation vertically, can arrange a stator radial cooling channels 5 every 30~80mm length in stator core 3, stator radial cooling channels 5 width is typically 5~15mm.It is logical at the cavity inner recirculation flow of permagnetic synchronous motor that slim vane 17 follows rotor core 7 rotary motion rear drive cooling medium, cooling medium cools down rotor core 7 by rotor axial cooling duct 19 and rotor radial cooling duct 8 during circulation, meanwhile, cooling medium cools down stator core 3 by stator shaft orientation cooling duct 4 and stator radial cooling channels 5 during circulation.
Meanwhile, it is formed with channel structure 2 in the outer wall of stator core 3 and housing 1 contact position of permagnetic synchronous motor, the cooling medium flowing work in channel structure 2, directly cooling stator core 3, indirectly cooling medium in cooling motor cavity.By the flowing of interior cooling medium outside, the radiating effect making before and after's cavity is basically identical.Such wind path design structure, not only makes the stator 3 that caloric value is bigger well be cooled down, and makes caloric value less but can have a strong impact on the rotor 7 of magnet steel service behaviour and be cooled down;Meanwhile, improve the heat condition at rotating shaft 15 and fore bearing assembly 14, rear bearing assembly 23, and then ensure fore bearing assembly 14, mechanical engagement distance stable between rear bearing assembly 23 and drive end bearing bracket 12, rear end cap 22, housing 1, improve the rotation dynamic balancing degree of rotor assembly part, make motor oscillating amplitude reduce.
In the present embodiment, rotor radial cooling duct 8 can be oppositely arranged with stator radial cooling channels 5 and not interlock, to reduce flow resistance;Stator shaft orientation cooling duct 4 is circumferentially uniformly distributed, and particular number and size can determine according to the size of stator core 3;Rotor axial cooling duct 19 is circumferentially uniformly distributed, particular number and size can determine according to the size of rotor core 7, rotor axial cooling duct 19 can be parallel to axis, can also be to favour rotor axis, and cross section, cooling duct shrinks toward center flare from rotor core 7 both ends of the surface, formed the air-supply effect of centrifugal fan by the rotary motion of the slim vane 17 outside two pressing plates 18.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1: channel structure 2 can be to have spirality channel or " S " type water channel, specifically chosen can determine according to the installation site of cooling necessary flow, flow velocity and paddle hole.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1: lay fixing tube-axial fan impeller 13 in rotating shaft 15, with satisfied may the cooling air quantity of needs, specifically chosen can be according to the installation dimension of motor and locus demand and the decision of cooling effect result of calculation.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1: be machined with deep bead 11 outside stator shaft orientation cooling duct 4 so that in motor cavity during cooling medium flowing, and air-flow can reduce flow resistance, to strengthen ventilation effect when entering or flow out cooling duct.
Embodiment 5
In conjunction with Fig. 3, the present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1: rotor axial cooling duct 19 is parallel to rotor axis, and its channel cross-sectional area is constant.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1: can be radiating ribs 16 structure outside described electric machine casing 1, and housing uses natural cooling or outer air distribution to fan 21 air blast coolings.
The illustration of the above-mentioned simply present invention, not does the restriction in any form and structure to the present invention.Although the present invention indicates as above with preferably structural member figure, but is not limited to the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, in the case of without departing from technical solution of the present invention scope, multiple possible variation is made in the technology contents and the explanation that may be by the disclosure above.The most every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention essence to illustrating any simple modification, the equivalent variations etc. done above, all should fall in technical solution of the present invention protection domain.

Claims (9)

1. the cooling structure of a permagnetic synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: the rotor axial cooling duct (19) of multiple smooth types of radially radial pattern distribution formed in being included in rotor core (7) and the rotor radial cooling duct (8) of multiple smooth types of the distribution of segmentation vertically, the multiple stator shaft orientation cooling ducts (4) of radial spoke emitting distribution formed in being additionally included in stator core (3) and multiple stator radial cooling channels (5) of the distribution of segmentation vertically;Rotor core (7) two side guide (18) has multiple air vent, and on two side guides (18), it is connected to multi-disc slim vane (17), it is logical at the cavity inner recirculation flow of permagnetic synchronous motor that slim vane (17) follows rotor core (7) rotary motion rear drive cooling medium, cooling medium cools down rotor core (7) by rotor axial cooling duct (19) and rotor radial cooling duct (8) during circulation, simultaneously, cooling medium cools down stator core (3) by stator shaft orientation cooling duct (4) and stator radial cooling channels (5) during circulation;It is formed with channel structure (2) in the outer wall of stator core (3) and housing (1) contact position of permagnetic synchronous motor, directly cooled down stator core (3) by the cooling medium in channel structure (2), and indirectly cool down the cooling medium in the cavity of permagnetic synchronous motor;
Described rotor axial cooling duct (19) or is parallel to rotor axis in described rotor core (7), or favour rotor axis, and the cross section of described rotor axial cooling duct (19) shrinks toward center flare from described rotor core (7) both ends of the surface, it is provided with every windshield plate in the center of described rotor core (7).
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described rotor radial cooling duct (8) is positioned opposite and separate with described stator radial cooling channels (5).
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described rotor axial cooling duct (19) or described stator shaft orientation cooling duct (4) are uniformly distributed around central shaft at circumference.
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number of the air vent offered on described rotor two side guide (18) is identical with the number of described rotor axial cooling duct (19), and its aperture is more than the rotor axial cooling duct (19) on described rotor core (7) end face.
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described air vent or be perpendicular to described pressing plate (18) end face and arrange, or it is obliquely installed to described rotor core (7) direction of rotation.
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described slim vane (17) to be shaped as class rectangle or class fan-shaped, its mounting means is FC or radial or BI.
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described rotor core (7), it is placed with magnet steel, its modes of emplacement or be surface-mount type or for built-in type.
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the rotating shaft (15) of permagnetic synchronous motor, it is fixed with tube-axial fan impeller (13).
The cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with deep bead (11) in the outside of described stator shaft orientation cooling duct (4).
CN201310724028.5A 2013-12-24 2013-12-24 A kind of cooling structure of permagnetic synchronous motor Active CN103746485B (en)

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