CN103739822A - 一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料 - Google Patents

一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料 Download PDF

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CN103739822A
CN103739822A CN201310725987.9A CN201310725987A CN103739822A CN 103739822 A CN103739822 A CN 103739822A CN 201310725987 A CN201310725987 A CN 201310725987A CN 103739822 A CN103739822 A CN 103739822A
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flame retardant
fire
composite material
good
expects
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陆美玲
任红
梁红方
马莉
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GUANGXI CHAOXING SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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GUANGXI CHAOXING SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
    • C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/487—Polyethers containing cyclic groups
    • C08G18/4883—Polyethers containing cyclic groups containing cyclic groups having at least one oxygen atom in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料，不仅是绿色环保不破坏臭氧层而且具有较好的阻燃性能,在使用防火安全上达到较好的效果，通过在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中加入阻燃剂,将硬质聚氨酯泡沫得氧指数提高到≥30，燃烧时，烟密度小,仅为普通阻燃PU硬泡产品的70%,发烟速度慢，耐火隔热性能得到了很大提高，该材料的良好性能使其在保温管道、复合板材、防火堵料、防火门芯材及隔墙芯材等方面具有良好的应用前景。

Description

一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子化工领域中的一种聚氨酯泡沫保温材料，具体涉及一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料。
背景技术
太阳能，为绿色能源，对其利用开发在能源紧缺的未来显得尤为重要；新能源是二十一世纪世界经济发展中最具决定力的五大技术领域之一。太阳能是 一种清洁、高效和永不衰竭的新能源。在现实中,各国政府都将太阳能资源利用作为国家可 持续发展战略的重要内容。聚氨酯模塑硬泡由于绝热性能好、密度低、强度高等优点在太阳 能行业领域得到广泛应用。但随着近几年各化工行业对环保、阻燃性要求的提高,开发无氟 环保、阻燃的聚氨酯硬泡组合料是太阳能行业的趋势。 
根据国际新能源发展趋势，太阳能热利用在替代化石燃料发电和终端利用中大有用武之地。太阳能热利用具有广阔的应用领域，但目前最主要的是太阳能热发电和建筑用能（包括采暖、空调和热水）。在我国，技术成熟、并已形成产业的只有太阳能热水系统。
硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料由于绝热性能好、密度低、强度高等优点在保温、制冷太阳能 等行业领域得到广泛应用。但随着各行业对环保、阻燃性要求的提高,原有的硬质聚氨酯泡 沫采用的是具有破坏臭氧层的含氟类发泡剂材料作为发泡剂,并且所制的泡沫阻燃性能较差,在使用中的防火安全性上也存在着较大的隐患。
 近十多年来,我国相继开发了许多新型阻燃剂,如三氯乙基磷酸酯 (TCEP)、三 (2,32 二溴丙基 ) 三聚氰胺酯 (TBC)、甲基膦酸二甲酯 (DMMP) 等含磷、卤的有机 阻燃剂,虽然可以将 PU 硬泡的氧指数提高到 26 左右,但仍与消防安全对建筑保温材料的要 求存在着一定的差距,如目前国内市场上还未见到达到 GB8624-1997“建筑材料燃烧性能分 级方法”中关于管道隔热保温用泡沫塑料燃烧性能分级所规定的氧指数≥ 32.0 的阻燃等级一级的PU硬泡产品。 
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提出了种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法,本发明的材料不仅是绿色环保不破坏臭氧层而且具有较好的阻燃性能,在使用防火安全上达到较好的效果，通过在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中加入阻燃剂,将硬质聚氨酯泡沫得氧指数提高到≥30。
本发明通过如下技术实现：
        A料（组合聚醚）          质量份
             蔗糖聚醚                 100
             阻燃剂（溴:氯=3:1）      28-38
          胺类催化剂                3.5-4.7
          有机硅匀泡剂               2.7-3.3
           发泡剂                     10-16
          B料 （异氰酸酯）
          PAPI                        175
          二月桂酸二丁基锡             4-8
    本发明的复合材料阻燃性能高,氧指数≥ 30；烟密度小,仅为普通阻燃PU硬泡产品的70%,发烟速度降低很多；耐火隔热性能得到了很大提高。该材料的良好性能使其在保温管道、复合板材、防火堵料、防火门芯材及隔墙芯材等方面具有良好的应用前景。 
 
具体实施方式
实施例1
        A料（组合聚醚）          质量份
             蔗糖聚醚                 100
             阻燃剂（溴:氯=3:1）      28
          胺类催化剂              3.5
          有机硅匀泡剂            2.7
           发泡剂                 10
          B料 （异氰酸酯）
          PAPI                    175
          二月桂酸二丁基锡        4
    首先将A料混合均匀,再加入B 料,混合料快速、充分搅拌后,倒入预先准备好的模具中,熟化后放置几天,进行各项性能测试。
    用1mm厚的马口铁与高阻燃型PU硬泡做成120mm×120mm×50mm的复合板材,放在马福炉口,板外侧铁皮与炉外口对齐,四周缝隙用岩棉堵严后进行试验,并用热电偶测定复合板材外层铁皮的温度(简称板背温)。该试验是模拟建筑构件耐火试验进行的,是GB9978“建筑构件耐火试验方法”,氧指数达到38。
实施例2
        A料（组合聚醚）          质量份
             蔗糖聚醚                 100
             阻燃剂（溴:氯=3:1）      38
          胺类催化剂                  4.7
          有机硅匀泡剂                3.3
           发泡剂                     16
          B料 （异氰酸酯）
          PAPI                        175
          二月桂酸二丁基锡             8
本实施例氧指数达到37 。
 实施例3
        A料（组合聚醚）          质量份
             蔗糖聚醚                 100
             阻燃剂（溴:氯=3:1）      32
          胺类催化剂              4.1
          有机硅匀泡剂            3.1
           发泡剂                 13
          B料 （异氰酸酯）
          PAPI                        175
          二月桂酸二丁基锡             5
本实施例氧指数达到36。

Claims (2)

1. 一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于由下属重量配比的原料配成：
        A料（组合聚醚）          质量份
             蔗糖聚醚                 100
             阻燃剂（溴:氯=3:1）      28-38
          胺类催化剂                3.5-4.7
          有机硅匀泡剂               2.7-3.3
           发泡剂                     10-16
          B料 （异氰酸酯）
          PAPI                        175
          二月桂酸二丁基锡             4-8 。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于由下属重量配比的原料配成：
        A料（组合聚醚）          质量份
             蔗糖聚醚                 100
             阻燃剂（溴:氯=3:1）      32
          胺类催化剂              4.1
          有机硅匀泡剂            3.1
           发泡剂                 13
          B料 （异氰酸酯）
          PAPI                        175
          二月桂酸二丁基锡             5 。
CN201310725987.9A 2013-12-25 2013-12-25 一种阻燃聚氨酯复合材料 Pending CN103739822A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105732934A (zh) * 2014-12-10 2016-07-06 黑龙江鑫达企业集团有限公司 一种增强阻燃聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法
CN111647133A (zh) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-11 广州淏华实业有限公司 一种门芯及含有该门芯的防盗门及防盗门的制备方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102875762A (zh) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-16 天津市艾迪聚氨酯工业有限公司 一种高阻燃性硬质聚氨酯泡沫

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102875762A (zh) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-16 天津市艾迪聚氨酯工业有限公司 一种高阻燃性硬质聚氨酯泡沫

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105732934A (zh) * 2014-12-10 2016-07-06 黑龙江鑫达企业集团有限公司 一种增强阻燃聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法
CN111647133A (zh) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-11 广州淏华实业有限公司 一种门芯及含有该门芯的防盗门及防盗门的制备方法

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Application publication date: 20140423