CN103730588A - Laminated organic electroluminescent device based on single-layer light emitting units - Google Patents

Laminated organic electroluminescent device based on single-layer light emitting units Download PDF

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CN103730588A
CN103730588A CN201310753455.6A CN201310753455A CN103730588A CN 103730588 A CN103730588 A CN 103730588A CN 201310753455 A CN201310753455 A CN 201310753455A CN 103730588 A CN103730588 A CN 103730588A
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emitting units
organic light
electroluminescent device
laminated
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CN103730588B (en
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陈平
段羽
薛凯文
杨永强
赵毅
刘式墉
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Jilin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene

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Abstract

The invention discloses a laminated organic electroluminescent device based on single-layer light emitting units, and belongs to the technical field of organic electroluminescent devices. The device is composed of a substrate, an anode, the single-layer organic light emitting units, electric charge generating layers and a cathode in sequence. The single-layer organic light emitting units and the electric charge generating layers are arranged alternately. The single-layer organic light emitting units are formed by doping organic luminescent dye in parent materials as dopant, organic materials with the high hole mobility are adopted as the parent materials of the light emitting units on odd layers, and organic materials with the high electronic mobility are adopted as the parent materials of the light emitting units on even layers. Due to the fact that the single-layer structure is adopted in the light emitting units, the number of the function layers of the laminated device is reduced, and the laminated device can be manufactured conveniently. In addition, due to the fact that the carrier transport polarity of the organic materials adopted by the electric charge generating layers is inconsistent with that of the parent materials of the adjacent single-layer light emitting units, it is guaranteed that the exciton recombination area of each light emitting unit is far away from the anode and the cathode, the exciton cancellation effect in a traditional single-layer device is weakened, and it is guaranteed that the laminated device of the structure has good performance.

Description

A kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer luminescence unit
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic electroluminescence device technical field, be specifically related to a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer luminescence unit.
Background technology
Organic electroluminescence device, owing to having in the backlight of panchromatic demonstration, liquid crystal and the potential advantages of solid-state illumination application aspect, has started one research boom in recent years in the whole world.Organic electroluminescent technology has that energy consumption is little, active illuminating, visual angle are wide, fast response time, can realize flexiblely show, low cost and other advantages, make it promise to be flat panel display of new generation, be simultaneously also used as solid light source of new generation by increasing research institution and major company are in the world good.
This concept of the laminated organic electroluminescent device the earliest Forrest seminar of Shi You Princeton University proposes, in order to realize panchromatic demonstration, they by red, green, blue three primary colors unit component by target vertical stacking get up [Appl.Phys.Lett. (1996) 69,2959; Adv.Mater (1999) 11,907], but the unit component of the laminated device of this structure respectively by separately independently current source control, preparation technology, test process are complicated.Since 2003, in the world a lot of well-known scientific research institutions to a kind of novel lamination organic luminescent device carried out research [Appl.Phys.Lett. (2004) 84,167; Appl.Phys.Lett. (2006) 89,133511; Adv.Mater. (2008) 20,324], this laminated device is vertically connected in series luminescence unit by charge generating layers.The current efficiency of laminated organic electroluminescent device and external quantum efficiency, under identical current density, are directly proportional with the number of stacking identical luminescence unit, therefore can under less current density, obtain high luminosity and efficiency.In laminated organic electroluminescent device, each luminescence unit is generally comprised of organic function layers such as hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layers, this just causes total number of plies of laminated device too much, the complex process of preparation, be unfavorable for commercially producing on a large scale, thereby restricted the application of laminated organic electroluminescent device.2003, Gao Y.D. etc. reported a kind of single layer organic electroluminescent device [Appl.Phys.Lett. (2003) 82,155] of simple structure, although the brightness of device can reach 16000cd/m 2, but because the territory, exciton recombination zone of single layer device is near electrode, cause exciton easily in the cancellation of electrode place, so the single layer device efficiency of this kind of structure is still not as multilayer device.The luminescence unit of considering laminated device is far away apart from electrode, if therefore introduce individual layer luminescence unit device in laminated device, not only can simplify the preparation process of laminated device, and pass through structural design, can solve in single layer device exciton at the Quenching at electrode place, realize good luminescent properties, it's a pity and also do not have up to now researcher to propose this laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer luminescence unit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the baroque shortcoming of laminated organic electroluminescent device, a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units is provided.This laminated organic electroluminescent device is comprised of individual layer organic light-emitting units and charge generating layers, the negative electrode of substrate, anode, alternative arrangement successively, and the quantity of individual layer organic light-emitting units is N, and the quantity of charge generating layers is N-1, and N is more than or equal to 2 integer;
Be different from traditional luminescence unit being comprised of hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer, each luminescence unit of the laminated device of structure of the present invention is single layer structure.
Substrate; Backing material can be the rigid substrate such as glass, silicon, or the flexible substrate such as PETG, polymethyl methacrylate;
Anode; Anode can be transparent metal oxide ITO, FTO, or be high-work-function metal Ag, Au, Cu etc., also can use any anode material, at anode and luminescence unit interlayer, can also insert anode buffer layer for improving the injection in hole, anode buffer layer can adopt MoO 3, WO 3, V 2o 5deng.
Negative electrode; Negative electrode can be the metals such as Al, Ca, the Ba of low work function, or is other any cathode material, also can in the middle of organic light-emitting units and negative electrode, insert LiF, Cs 2cO 3injection Deng decorative layer for improving electronics, the thickness of decorative layer is generally less than 2nm.
Between anode and negative electrode, there are a plurality of individual layer organic light-emitting units, the thickness of individual layer organic light-emitting units is 50～150nm, by organic light emission dyestuff, with the form of dopant, be entrained in single fertile material and form, wherein the fertile material of the luminescence unit of odd-level adopts the higher organic material of hole mobility, such as 4, 4 ', 4 " tri-(N-3-aminomethyl phenyl-N-phenyl amino) triphenylamine (4, 4 ', 4 " Tris (N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenyl-amino) triphenylamine, m-MTDATA), 4, 4 '-bis-(9-carbazole) biphenyl (4, 4 '-Bis (N-carbazolyl)-1, 1 '-biphenyl, CBP), 1, 3-bis--9-carbazyl benzene (1, 3-Di-9-carbazolylbenzene, MCP), N, N '-diphenyl-N, N '-bis-(3-aminomethyl phenyl)-1, 1 '-biphenyl-4, 4 '-diamines (N, N '-Bis (3-methylphenyl)-N, N '-bis (phenyl) benzidine, TPD) etc., and be not limited to this.The fertile material of the luminescence unit of even level adopts the higher organic material of electron mobility, such as 1, 3, 5-tri-(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazolyl-2 radicals-yl) benzene (1, 3, 5-Tris (1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-benzene, TPBi), 2, 9-dimethyl-4, 7-biphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline (2, 9-Dimethyl-4, 7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanhroline, BCP), 4, 7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline (4, 7-diphenyl-1, 10-Phenanthroline, Bphen), three (oxine) aluminium (Aluminum Tris (8-Hydroxyquinolinate), Alq 3) etc., and be not limited to this.Organic light emission dyestuff can adopt fluorescence luminescent material or phosphorescent light-emitting materials, such as two (4,6-difluorophenyl pyridine-C2, N) pyridine formyl close iridium (Bis[2-(and 4,6-difluorophenyl) pyridinato-C2, N] (picolinato) iridium (III), FIrPic), three (2-phenylpyridine-C2, N) close iridium (III) (Tris (2-phenylpyridinato-C2, N) iridium (III), Ir (ppy) 3), acetopyruvic acid two (1-phenyl isoquinolin quinoline-C2, N) closes iridium (III), and (Bis (1-phenyl-isoquinoline-C2, N) is iridium (III) (acetylacetonato), Ir (piq) 2(acac)), acetopyruvic acid two (2-phenyl benzothiazole-C2, N) closes iridium (III) (Bis (2-phenyl-benzothiazole-C2, N) is iridium (III) (acetylacetonate), Ir (bt) 2(acac)) etc., can use any high efficiency luminescent dye and be not limited to this, the doping content of luminescent dye is 0.1wt%～30wt%, and the energy being beneficial between parent, luminescent dye shifts.
Between every two organic light-emitting units, it is charge generating layers; Each charge generating layers consists of n type semiconductor layer/metal level/p type semiconductor layer, and the fertile material of n type semiconductor layer can adopt TPBi, BCP, Bphen, Alq 3deng electron transport material, N-type dopant adopts Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Cs 2cO 3in one or more, can use any N-type dopant material and be not limited to this.The fertile material of P type semiconductor, can adopt N, N '-diphenyl-N, N '-(1-naphthyl)-1, 1 '-biphenyl-4, 4 '-diamines, (N, N '-Bis-(1-naphthalenyl)-N, N '-bis-phenyl-(1, 1 '-biphenyl)-4, 4 '-diamine, NPB), 4, 4 '-cyclohexyl, two [N, N-bis-(4-aminomethyl phenyl) aniline] (Di-[4-(N, N-ditolyl-amino)-phenyl] cyclohexane, TAPC), CBP, the good materials of hole transport performance such as MCP, P type dopant can adopt 2, 3, 5, 6-tetrafluoro-7, 7 ', 8, 8 '-four cyano quinoline bismethane (tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane, F4-TCNQ), FeCl 3, or adopt MoO 3, WO 3, V 2o 5deng oxide, can use any P type dopant material and be not limited to this.The triplet of selected N, the fertile material of p type semiconductor layer need be greater than the triplet of dyestuff in the luminescence unit closing on, and the doping content of N, P type dopant is 1wt%～50wt%.The metal that metal level can adopt Ag, Au etc. or different proportion to mix altogether, and be not limited to this.
The above-mentioned material of mentioning all can have been bought from Taiwan Ban He Science and Technology Ltd. (company's network address: http://www.lumtec.com.tw).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: because luminescence unit has adopted single layer structure, reduced the quantity of laminated device functional layer, be conducive to the preparation of laminated device.In addition, the carrier transport polarity of the organic material adopting due to charge generating layers is inconsistent with the fertile material that closes on individual layer luminescence unit, guaranteed that the territory, exciton recombination zone of each luminescence unit is away from yin, yang electrode, weakened the impact of exciton quenching effect, and because hole, the electronics of laminated device produces in pairs, guaranteed the carrier injection balance of laminated device, be conducive to realize high efficiency luminous.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the structural representation of the laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer luminescence unit of the present invention;
Wherein 1 is substrate, 2 is anode, 3-1,3-2 ..., 3-N be respectively the first luminescence unit, the second luminescence unit ..., N luminescence unit, 4-1,4-2 ..., 4-(N-1) be respectively the first charge generating layers, the second charge generating layers ..., N-1 charge generating layers, 5 is negative electrode.N is more than or equal to 2 integer.
Fig. 2: the current efficiency-voltage curve of the laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer luminescence unit of the present invention;
Fig. 3: brightness-current density curve of the laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer luminescence unit of the present invention.
Embodiment
In example, the implication of relevant abbreviation title is as follows:
ITO: tin indium oxide; As transparent anode
MoO 3: molybdenum oxide; Both can be used as the resilient coating of ito anode, be conducive to the injection in hole, can be used as again the P type dopant in charge generating layers;
MCP:1,3-bis--9-carbazyl benzene; For the parent of blue emitting phosphor material, cavity transmission ability is strong.
FIrPic: two (4,6-difluorophenyl pyridine-C2, N) pyridine formyl closes iridium, high efficiency blue emitting phosphor luminescent material.
Bphen:4,7-diphenyl-1,10-o-phenanthroline; Fertile material as the N type semiconductor in charge generating layers;
Ag: silver.The silver of 1nm is for the target between charge generating layers P, N type semiconductor.
Cs 2cO 3: cesium carbonate; Both can be used as cathode buffer layer, can be used as again the dopant of the N type semiconductor in charge generating layers;
TAPC:4,4 '-cyclohexyl two [N, N-bis-(4-aminomethyl phenyl) aniline]; Fertile material as the P type semiconductor in charge generating layers;
TPBi:1,3,5-tri-(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazolyl-2 radicals-yl) benzene; The fertile material of the second luminescence unit, electron transport ability is strong;
Mg:Ag: magnesium: silver, volume ratio is 10:1, as negative electrode.
Embodiment 1:
Organic light-emitting device preparation can be by carrying out in multi-source organic molecule gas-phase deposition system, and detailed process is as follows:
[1] backing material in experiment is selected ITO electro-conductive glass.First by ito glass for substrate acetone, ethanol cotton balls repeatedly clean;
[2] the ITO substrate of scrub is put into clean beaker and used successively acetone, ethanol, deionized water ultrasonic 10 minutes, then be placed in baking oven and dry, finally the ito glass substrate of dry cleansing is carried out to ultraviolet and process 10 minutes;
[3] substrate of handling well is placed in to multi-source organic molecule gas-phase deposition system (referring to Chinese patent: ZL03110977.2, " for the increasing cooking-pot type evaporation source of organic electroluminescent coating machine "), in the vacuum cavity of vapo(u)rization system, comprise organic evaporating area (8 evaporation sources) and evaporation of metal district (3 evaporation sources), between twoth district and between each evaporation source, mutually completely cut off, avoided mutual pollution.The vacuum degree of system can reach 10 -5pa, in the process of film growth, the vacuum degree of system maintains 3 * 10 -4pa left and right.The thickness of Material growth and growth rate are controlled by American I L-400 type film-thickness monitoring, and organic material growth rate is controlled at the test macro synchro measure that the electroluminescent spectrum of device, brightness and current-voltage characteristic are comprised of spectrometer PR650, galvanometer Keithley-2400 and computer.All tests are all to complete in atmosphere at room temperature.
[4] this example laminated device of two luminescence units that has been stacking, device architecture is: ITO/MoO 3(2nm)/MCP:FIrPic(8wt%, 100nm)/charge generating layers/TPBi:FIrPic(8wt%, 100nm)/Cs 2cO 3(0.8nm)/Mg:Ag (10:1).Charge generating layers is: Bphen:Cs 2cO 3(5wt%, 20nm)/Ag(1nm)/TAPC:MoO 3(20wt%, 20nm).
Current efficiency-the voltage curve of laminated device of the present invention, brightness-current density curve are respectively as shown in Figure 2,3.As can be seen from the figure, the laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer luminescence unit of the present invention has good photoelectric properties, and maximum current efficiency can reach 34.3cd/A, and maximum brightness is 21000cd/m 2.
Although describe the present invention in conjunction with example, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned example and accompanying drawing, for the researcher of the art, can also modify to the present invention, and these improvement also belong in the protection range of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units, it is characterized in that: this laminated organic electroluminescent device is comprised of individual layer organic light-emitting units and charge generating layers, the negative electrode of substrate, anode, alternative arrangement successively, the quantity of individual layer organic light-emitting units is N, the quantity of charge generating layers is N-1, and N is more than or equal to 2 integer.
2. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of individual layer organic light-emitting units is 50～150nm, is to be entrained in single fertile material and to form with the form of dopant by organic light emission dyestuff.
3. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the fertile material of the luminescence unit of odd-level is 4,4 ', 4 " tri-(N-3-aminomethyl phenyl-N-phenyl amino) triphenylamine, 4,4 '-bis-(9-carbazole) biphenyl, 1,3-bis--9-carbazyl benzene or N; N '-diphenyl-N; N '-bis-(3-aminomethyl phenyl)-1,1 '-biphenyl-4,4 '-material that diamines hole mobility is high; The fertile material of the luminescence unit of even level is 1,3,5-tri-(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazolyl-2 radicals-yl) benzene, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-biphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 4,7-diphenyl-1, the high material of 10-phenanthroline or three (oxine) aluminium electron mobility.
4. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: organic light emission dyestuff is two (4,6-difluorophenyl pyridine-C2, N) pyridine formyl closes iridium, three (2-phenylpyridine-C2, N) close iridium (III), acetopyruvic acid two (1-phenyl isoquinolin quinoline-C2, N) close iridium (III) or acetopyruvic acid two (2-phenyl benzothiazole-C2, N) close iridium (III), the doping content of organic light emission dyestuff is 0.1wt%～30wt%.
5. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: charge generating layers consists of n type semiconductor layer/metal level/p type semiconductor layer.
6. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the fertile material of n type semiconductor layer is 1,3,5-tri-(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazolyl-2 radicals-yl) benzene 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-biphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline or three (oxine) aluminium, N-type dopant is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Cs 2cO 3in one or more, the doping content of N-type dopant is 1wt%～50wt%.
7. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the fertile material of P type semiconductor is N, N '-diphenyl-N, N '-(1-naphthyl)-1,1 '-biphenyl-4,4 '-diamines, 4,4 '-cyclohexyl, two [N, N-bis-(4-aminomethyl phenyl) aniline], 4,4 '-bis-(9-carbazole) biphenyl or 1,3-, bis--9-carbazyl benzene, P type dopant is 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7 ', 8,8 '-four cyano quinoline bismethane, FeCl 3, MoO 3, WO 3or V 2o 5, the doping content of P type dopant is 1wt%～50wt%.
8. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: substrate is glass, silicon, PETG or polymethyl methacrylate.
9. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: anode is ITO, FTO, Ag, Au or Cu.
10. a kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on individual layer organic light-emitting units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: negative electrode is Al, Ca or Ba.
CN201310753455.6A 2013-12-31 2013-12-31 A kind of laminated organic electroluminescent device based on monolayer luminescence unit Expired - Fee Related CN103730588B (en)

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CN106654023A (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-10 乐金显示有限公司 Organic light-emitting display device
CN107123737A (en) * 2017-05-02 2017-09-01 芜湖乐知智能科技有限公司 Undoped high efficiency organic photovoltaic cells

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KR102616579B1 (en) * 2016-04-08 2023-12-22 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 Organic light emitting device

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CN1665357A (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-07 精工爱普生株式会社 Method of producing laminated type organic electroluminescent element and display apparatus
CN101006594A (en) * 2004-08-20 2007-07-25 伊斯曼柯达公司 White OLED having multiple white electroluminescent units
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CN106654023A (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-10 乐金显示有限公司 Organic light-emitting display device
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