CN103730569A - Longitudinal driving type magnetic impedance element - Google Patents
Longitudinal driving type magnetic impedance element Download PDFInfo
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- CN103730569A CN103730569A CN201410024746.6A CN201410024746A CN103730569A CN 103730569 A CN103730569 A CN 103730569A CN 201410024746 A CN201410024746 A CN 201410024746A CN 103730569 A CN103730569 A CN 103730569A
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Abstract
The invention provides a longitudinal driving type magnetic impedance element. According to the longitudinal driving type magnetic impedance element, magnetic amorphous core materials are inserted to exciting coils to form into an equivalent impedance element, alternating currents flow the exciting coils to generate alternating current driving magnetic fields which are parallel to the long axis direction of a core sample. Compared with the existing horizontal driving type impedance element which enables alternating currents to directly flow the magnetic amorphous core materials, the longitudinal driving type magnetic impedance element has the advantages of improving the change rate of the impedance along with external magnetic fields, improving the degree of linearity, simplifying the producing technology, improving the performance stability and the consistency, being applied to detection of high sensitivity weak magnetic fields and having a good application prospect in detection of weak magnetic fields such as geomagnetic fields, biological magnetic fields and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of magneto-dependent sensor part technical field, be specifically related to a kind of longitudinally drive-type magnetic impedance element.
Background technology
Along with the development of Information technology, the primary element length-transducer of information gathering has been proposed to more and more higher requirement.1992, professor Mohri of Japan Nagoya university observes giant magnetic impedance (Giant Magneto-impedance first in cobalt base amorphous silk, GMI) effect: its magnetoimpedance rate of change is up to more than 50% under the magnetic field of several oersteds, the high order of magnitude of remolding sensitivity giant magnetoresistance effect, related content please refer to document: [K.Mohri, K.Kawashiwa, H.Yoshida, et al.IEEE Trans.Magn.1992, (28): 3150].After this, giant magnetoresistance effect becomes study hotspot gradually.Giant magnetoresistance effect take amorphous soft magnetic material has the advantages such as high sensitivity, fast response time, microminiaturization, low-power consumption as the magneto-dependent sensor of foundational development, the development trend of coincidence senser, shows wide application prospect.
Giant magnetoresistance effect reflection be the feeble field ac magnetization of material with the variation of externally-applied magnetic field, it is mainly subject to the magnetic property of material itself and drives the impact of field.The structure of existing magnetic impedance element is normally by core samples detection circuit for access, make alternating current circuit pass through this sample, the driving magnetic field now producing is axial perpendicular to sample, is called as " laterally type of drive ", and the giant magnetoresistance effect producing is called as " laterally giant magnetoresistance effect ".For example, the disclosed Magnetoimpedance sensor element of Chinese patent that application number is CN200980122231.7 adopts horizontal type of drive exactly, and magnetic amorphous wire sample is welded into exciting circuit, makes alternating current circuit pass through this sample and produces horizontal driving magnetic field.
But this horizontal type of drive often has the following disadvantages:
(1) magnetoimpedance rate of change is relatively little, causes its sensitivity lower.
(2) because the magnetic domain of magnetic amorphous core material " Bamboo-shaped " distributes, laterally under drive condition, magnetoimpedance mostly is " bimodal " shape with the change curve of external magnetic field, causes near the linearity in nearly zero magnetic field cannot guarantee [L.Kraus, H.Chiriac, T.A.
j Magn Magn Mater.2000 (215): 343].For this reason, when it is applied on magneto-dependent sensor, often need an additional DC bias magnetic field, or to core material carry out secondary heat treatment improving its magnetic domain degree of orientation, avoid the inelastic region of nearly null field.But this has not only increased the difficulty of circuit design, also affected the stability of transducer;
(3) often need the techniques such as bonding, welding during magnetic amorphous core material place in circuit, wherein welding is more firm, but but there are the following problems for welding procedure: first, this magnetic amorphous core material is often fine strip shape, therefore very high to welding process requirement; In addition, the post bake in welding process also easily worsens the soft magnetic characteristic of magnetic amorphous core material, causes the decline of magnetoimpedance rate of change; In addition, welding process can affect length and the stress of the magnetic amorphous core material of place in circuit, thereby can worsen the soft magnet performance of this material, finally affects stability and the consistency of senser element.
From the angle of sensor design, the rate of change of magnetoimpedance and the linearity changing with external magnetic field are vital parameters.Therefore sensitivity, the linearity, stability and the economic serviceability that, how further to improve magnetic impedance element is one of the problem that need to study of scientific worker.
Summary of the invention
Technical purpose of the present invention is the deficiency for above-mentioned existing magnetic impedance element, and a kind of magnetic impedance element of new structure is provided, and it has higher sensitivity, the linearity and stability, is applicable to high magneto-dependent sensor part.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the inventor finds, compared with horizontal type of drive, when adopting longitudinal type of drive, to have the described unexpected beneficial effect in following (1) (2):
Described longitudinal type of drive refers to: magnetic amorphous core material is inserted in excitation coil, make this material and an equiva lent impedance element of excitation coil composition, alternating current this magnetic amorphous core material of directly not flowing through, but the excitation coil of flowing through produces interchange driving magnetic field, this alternation driving magnetic field is parallel to the long axis direction of this core material, thereby being called as " longitudinally type of drive ", the giant magnetoresistance effect producing is called as " longitudinally giant magnetoresistance effect ".
(1) under horizontal type of drive, magnetic amorphous core material access exciting circuit produces skin effect under drive current effect, applies external magnetic field, and magnetic permeability is reduced, and skin depth increase causes resistance value to increase and reduce with externally-applied magnetic field; In addition, because the magnetic domain of magnetic amorphous core material " Bamboo-shaped " distributes, laterally under drive condition, magnetoimpedance mostly is " bimodal " shape with the change curve of external magnetic field, causes near the linearity in nearly zero magnetic field to guarantee, impedance rate of change is less than 1000%;
Under longitudinal type of drive, by magnetic amorphous core material and excitation coil, jointly form equiva lent impedance element, the inductance value of equivalence element has determined the rate of change of impedance, therefore can weaken on the one hand the impact that the magnetic domain of magnetic amorphous core material " Bamboo-shaped " distributes on impedance variation curve, can increase substantially the rate of change of impedance with external magnetic field, the rate of change of its impedance even can exceed 50000% simultaneously.
(2) under longitudinal type of drive, magnetic amorphous core material inserts in excitation coil, without welding procedure, has therefore simplified preparation flow on the one hand, has avoided the inconsistent problem of core material length causing because of welding procedure; Overcome on the other hand the problem of the heat of welding process introducing and the core material magnetic property deterioration that stress causes.
Particularly, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of longitudinally drive-type magnetic impedance element, comprises magnetic amorphous core material, hollow excitation coil, hollow magnetic test coil; Described hollow excitation coil and hollow magnetic test coil are coaxially placed, and described magnetic amorphous core material inserts the hollow cavity of hollow excitation coil and hollow magnetic test coil; During operating state, alternating current produces alternation driving magnetic field by excitation coil, and this alternation driving magnetic field direction is parallel to the long axis direction of this magnetic amorphous core samples, and output signal draws to detect impedance effect from magnetic test coil two ends.
Described magnetic non-crystalline material inserts in hollow excitation coil, forms the core body of hollow excitation coil, therefore be called " magnetic amorphous core material ".This magnetic amorphous core material is stereochemical structure, and its draw ratio is greater than 1, and described draw ratio refers to the ratio of the length of this magnetic amorphous core material and the maximum gauge perpendicular to the cross section of this length direction; Described shape of cross section is not limit, and comprises circle, square, rectangle, ellipse etc.; The overall structure of described magnetic non-crystalline material is not limit, and comprises thread, fibrous or shaped like narrow etc.; In order to guarantee rate of change and the linearity of magnetic impedance element with external magnetic field, as preferably, the draw ratio of described magnetic amorphous core material is larger, generally in 20～500 scopes, more preferably 50～400 scopes, with the demagnetizing field that reduces to produce, thus rate of change and the linearity of assurance magnetoimpedance.
Described excitation coil and magnetic test coil can be same coil, can be also absolute coil.Consider economy, excitation coil and magnetic test coil are same coil.
In order to reduce the impact of the magnetic property of stress on magnetic amorphous core material, guarantee the consistency of performance of magnetic impedance element, as preferably, this longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element also comprises insulation support body, this insulation support body has hollow cavity, described excitation coil and magnetic test coil are wrapped in this insulating supporting surface, and described magnetic amorphous core material inserts in the hollow cavity of this insulation support body.Further preferably, with flexible non-conductive glue such as silica gel, described excitation coil and magnetic test coil are fixed on to this insulating supporting surface.Further preferably, the described loop length that is wrapped in insulating supporting body surface equals the length of magnetic amorphous core material.
Described insulation support body includes but not limited to glass tube, alumina tube or other insulator pipes etc.
As preferably, the cross-sectional diameter ratio of the coiling internal diameter of described excitation coil and magnetic test coil and magnetic amorphous core material is set as between 1.1 to 10.
As preferably, the diameter of wire in described excitation coil and magnetic test coil is between 50 μ m to 0.1mm.
As preferably, the outside dimension of described insulation support body is not more than 10 with the ratio of the cross-sectional diameter of magnetic amorphous core material.
In sum, longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element provided by the invention produces alternating current the interchange driving magnetic field that is parallel to magnetic amorphous core samples long axis direction by excitation coil, but not directly by magnetic amorphous core samples, greatly improved on the one hand the rate of change of element impedance with external magnetic field, and improved its linearity, simplify on the other hand manufacture craft, improved element function stability and consistency, therefore in the detection of highly sensitive Weak magentic-field, for example, for low-intensity magnetic field context of detection such as earth magnetic field, biological magnetic fields, have a good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element in embodiment of the present invention l;
The impedance ratio of longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element when Fig. 2 is in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is with the variation diagram of external magnetic field;
Fig. 3 is the sensor circuit schematic diagram that adopts the longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element design in embodiment of the present invention l;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of horizontal drive-type magnetic impedance element in comparative example l;
Fig. 5 is that the impedance ratio of the horizontal drive-type magnetic impedance element in comparing embodiment 1 is with the variation diagram of external magnetic field;
Fig. 6 is that the impedance ratio of the horizontal drive-type magnetic impedance element in comparing embodiment 2 is with the variation diagram of external magnetic field.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is described in further detail the present invention, it is pointed out that the following stated embodiment is intended to be convenient to the understanding of the present invention, and it is not played to any restriction effect.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, longitudinally the structural representation of drive-type magnetic impedance element as shown in Figure 1, comprises that magnetic amorphous core material 10, insulation support body 11 and coil 12 form.
The composition of magnetic amorphous core material 10 is CoFeBSiNb, is fibrous, and the length of this magnetic amorphous fiber, much larger than internal diameter, is specially diameter 30 μ m, length 5mm, to reduce as far as possible the effect of demagnetizing field, guarantees the soft magnet performance of material.
Consider consistency and the economic serviceability of excitation coil and signals collecting coil, adopt same coil 12 as excitation coil and signals collecting coil.Coil 12 is coiling, and its coiling wire is that diameter is the copper enamelled wire of 50 μ m.
The fixing employing heat conductive insulating silica gel of magnetic amorphous fiber, fixes amorphous magnetic fibre two ends and aluminium oxide tubule two ends with a small amount of silica gel.Driving magnetic field in solenoid is to be uniformly distributed, as long as magnetic amorphous fiber and coil 12 align, the difference of this position of magnetic amorphous fiber in alumina tube can not have influence on the rate of change of magnetic impedance element with external magnetic field.
During operating state, pumping signal 13 is by coil 12, driving frequency is according to the size of the characteristic of magnetic amorphous core material itself and excitation coil and number of turn decision, and the waveform of pulse current and peak value size can be adjusted according to actual conditions, to realize significant impedance rate of change.In the present embodiment, the driving frequency of pumping signal 13 is 350kHz, and current peak is 10mA, the short duration current of duty ratio 1:30.This pumping signal produces the driving magnetic field of alternation after by excitation coil, and the driving magnetic field direction of this alternation is parallel to the long axis direction of this magnetic amorphous fiber.
While detecting giant magnetoresistance effect, adopt electric impedance analyzer to be connected to input coil two ends, obtain output signal 14.In the present embodiment, adopt HP4294A type electric impedance analyzer to detect the impedance rate of change of output signal 14.
In the present embodiment, the impedance ratio of this magnetic impedance element with the variation diagram of external magnetic field as shown in Figure 2.In Fig. 2, impedance variation rate curve is " unimodal shape ", in the magnetic field range impedance rate of change of 0～2Oe, exceedes 45000%, and shows the good linearity.This explanation, under longitudinal drive condition, coordinates above-mentioned exciting current and production method, and this magnetic impedance element has the magnetic field detection sensitivity of highly significant, and has the good linearity.
Based on above-mentioned magnetic impedance element, coordinate signal generator, detection filter circuit, amplifying circuit and feedback circuit, can realize magneto-dependent sensor, its structure is as shown in Figure 3.This transducer can be used for the detection of highly sensitive Weak magentic-field, for example, for low-intensity magnetic field detections such as earth magnetic field, biological magnetic field etc.
Comparative example 1:
The present embodiment is the comparative example of above-described embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, identical with embodiment 1, magnetic impedance element comprises that magnetic amorphous core material 10, insulation support body 11 and coil 12 form.And material, shape and the size of magnetic amorphous core material 10, insulation support body 11, coil 12 is all identical with embodiment 1.
As different from Example 1, in this comparative example, magnetic impedance element adopts horizontal type of drive.; as shown in Figure 4; magnetic amorphous fiber is inserted after coil 12; access exciting circuit with conductive silver glue; be that the pumping signal 13 of alternation is by magnetic amorphous fiber; and not by coil 12, the pumping signal 13 of this alternation is passed through after magnetic amorphous fiber to produce perpendicular to the axial driving magnetic field of this magnetic amorphous fiber, i.e. horizontal driving magnetic field.
Under this horizontal drive condition, magnetic amorphous fiber diameter place in circuit, the optimal response frequency of external magnetic field is higher than the giant magnetoresistance effect under longitudinal type of drive in embodiment 1, and the driving frequency of pumping signal is 4MHz, current peak is 10mA, duty ratio 1:30 short duration current.
Identical with embodiment 1, in this comparative example, also adopt HP4294A type electric impedance analyzer to detect the impedance rate of change of output signal 14.
As Fig. 5 has shown under above-mentioned condition, impedance component is under exciting current drives, and impedance rate of change is with the Changing Pattern of external magnetic field.Figure middle impedance change rate curve is " bimodal shape ", in the magnetic field range impedance rate of change approximately 250% of 0～10Oe.
Comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 5, can obtain: under identical condition, compared with horizontal drive-type, adopt the magnetic impedance element of longitudinal drive-type can obtain the variation of more significant magnetoimpedance rate of change with external magnetic field; And, adopt the impedance variation rate curve of the magnetic impedance element of longitudinal drive-type to be " unimodal shape ", with the variation linearity of external magnetic field significantly better than the variation linearity under horizontal drive condition.And this significant magnetoimpedance rate of change and the preferably linearity are the bases that magneto-dependent sensor highly sensitive, high s/n ratio designs, therefore adopt the magnetic impedance element of longitudinal drive-type to be expected to develop high magneto-dependent sensor for low-intensity magnetic field detections such as earth magnetic field, biological magnetic fields.
Comparative example 2:
The present embodiment is another comparative example of above-described embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, the structure of magnetic impedance element and type of drive and comparative example 1 are basic identical.Difference is, in the present embodiment, magnetic amorphous fiber inserted after coil 12, adopts the method for tin welding by this magnetic amorphous fiber access exciting circuit, rather than accesses exciting circuit with conductive silver glue.
As Fig. 6 has shown under above-mentioned condition, magnetic impedance element is under exciting current drives, and impedance rate of change is with the Changing Pattern of external magnetic field.Figure middle impedance change rate curve is " bimodal shape ", in the magnetic field range impedance rate of change approximately 170% of 0～10Oe.
Comparison diagram 5 and Fig. 6, can obtain: under identical condition, and adopt conductive silver glue by compared with magnetic amorphous fiber access exciting circuit, by after magnetic amorphous fiber welding access exciting circuit, impedance rate of change has obvious decline with the variation of external magnetic field, and curve shape also changes.Trace it to its cause for: in welding process, introduced heat, on the one hand magnetic amorphous fiber magnetic played to deterioration effect; On the other hand, the first expanded by heating of magnetic amorphous fiber, cooling after-contraction makes magnetic amorphous fiber be subject to effect of stress, has affected equally impedor consistency.In addition, because the magnetic amorphous fiber size of access exciting circuit only has 5mm, tens microns of diameter, welding process cannot be guaranteed the consistency of the magnetic amorphous fiber length of each place in circuit, has influence on equally the stability of impedance component performance.
Above-described embodiment has been described in detail technical scheme of the present invention; be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; all any modifications of making within the scope of principle of the present invention, supplement or similar fashion substitute etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element, is characterized in that: comprise magnetic amorphous core material, hollow excitation coil, hollow magnetic test coil;
Described hollow excitation coil and hollow magnetic test coil are coaxially placed, and described magnetic amorphous core material inserts the hollow cavity of hollow excitation coil and hollow magnetic test coil;
During operating state, alternating current produces alternation driving magnetic field by excitation coil, and this alternation driving magnetic field direction is parallel to the long axis direction of this magnetic amorphous core material, and output signal draws to detect impedance effect from magnetic test coil two ends.
2. longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise insulation support body, described insulation support body has hollow cavity; Described excitation coil and magnetic test coil are wrapped in insulating supporting surface, and described magnetic amorphous core material inserts in the hollow cavity of this insulation support body.
3. longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: adopt non-conductive glue that described excitation coil and magnetic test coil are fixed on to insulating supporting surface.
4. longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the loop length that is wrapped in described insulating supporting surface equals the length of magnetic amorphous core material.
5. longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the draw ratio of described magnetic amorphous core material, between 20～500 scopes, is preferably between 50～400 scopes.
6. longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of described excitation coil and the internal diameter of magnetic test coil and magnetic amorphous core material is than between 1.1～10 scopes.
7. longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of wire in described excitation coil and magnetic test coil is between 50 μ m～0.1mm scopes.
8. longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the diameter ratio of the outside dimension of described insulation support body and magnetic amorphous core material is not more than 10.
9. the longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that: described magnetic amorphous core material is thread, fibrous or shaped like narrow.
10. the longitudinal drive-type magnetic impedance element as described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that: described excitation coil and magnetic test coil are same coil.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110832336A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-02-21 | 朝日英达科株式会社 | Ultrasensitive micromagnetic sensor |
| CN114061434A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江大学 | Structural health monitoring system and method for magnetic fiber composite material |
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| CN114061434A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江大学 | Structural health monitoring system and method for magnetic fiber composite material |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |