CN103727843A

CN103727843A - Self-healing bulletproof composite material

Info

Publication number: CN103727843A
Application number: CN201310332583.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈照峰; 刘伟兰
Original assignee: Taicang Paiou Technology Consulting Service Co Ltd
Current assignee: Taicang Paiou Technology Consulting Service Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-08-02
Filing date: 2013-08-02
Publication date: 2014-04-16

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-healing bulletproof composite material which is characterized by comprising a four-layer structure which comprises a surface layer, a rubber layer, a ceramic layer and a resistant layer. The surface layer is composed of a chloroprene rubber composite material or a polycarbonate film material, the rubber layer is composed of natural rubber or non-vulcanized rubber, the ceramic layer comprises corundum or silicon carbide or boron carbide components, the resistant layer is composed of TC4 titanium alloy or a fiber composite material, the layers are connected in an adhesive mode through adhesives, and the surface density is 40-75Kg/m2. The bulletproof material of a composite structure has the advantages of being low in weight, capable of being repaired, capable of healing automatically and resistant to impact of multiple bullets, can serve as a protective material against medium-and-small caliber armor-piercing incendiaries with the caliber of 7.62mm or above, and can be used for manufacturing bulletproof helmets and naval vessel decks.

Description

A kind of self-healing ballistic composite

Technical field

Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of ballistic composite, especially relates to a kind of composite construction bullet resistant material with self-healing function.

Background technology

Plate armour from ancient times to the present military strategist in ancient China is all paid much attention to, because it is the important measures of effectively protecting oneself in war, hitting effectively the other side.Metal material is modern armoring most important material.From ordinary steel plate armour, develop into glass hard steel plate armour, Dual Hardness Steel composite armour and even titanium alloy armor, protective capacities improves constantly.Metal material plate armour has played important function for the protection of tank, panzer, warship etc.And this century the fifties there is light composite material bulletproof armour, as armoring in fibrous composite and ceramic composite plate armour is come out one after another, and obtains development.New material technology purposes is militarily very widely, for weaponry, can make its upgrading, and performance improves greatly, at present the multifunction of new material technology forward, composite light weight and intelligentized future development in military field.Ceramic material is as a kind of advanced person's High-tech Material, it is by high strength, high rigidity, corrosion-resistant, high-wearing feature and lightweight feature, it is not only applied in the protection of tank, and be applied in the shellproof screening layer of aircraft, naval vessel, vehicle, key position and the protection of individual combat, its range of application is more and more extensive.Practice shows, the protection expert of many advanced tanks adopts after high-performance ceramic in the world, and protective capacities obviously improves, and pottery has become one of indispensable material of composite armour.But the fragility of ceramic material is the main cause that holds it back and apply.At present, the research that improves brittleness of ceramics has obtained greater advance, and main approach is by compound, improves ceramic intensity, toughness, bulletproof performance, reduction price, expands application, improves the dependability of material.The development history of armor facing also can be regarded the struggle history of " first " and " bullet " as, and the development history of this " lance " and " shield " walks abreast mutually.

The Objective Concept US military of self-healing material 20th century the mid-80 first put forward, self-healing material environmental change factor to external world produces perception, automatically make adaptation, sensitive and appropriate response, and there is the functions such as OBD, self-control, self-regeneration.American National Natural Science Fund (NSF) in 1997 proposition is classified selfreparing and self-healing technology one of as research emphasis.Within 2002, the U.S. classifies the selfreparing of military hardware, self-healing material research as one of key technology of hoisting device performance as.U.S. NASA has proposed the biological smart material of exploitation based on biologic artifact wound healing principle in 2002, be intended to innovation and develop aerospace material of new generation.Meanwhile, also held first international conference about self-healing material in Dutch Technische Universiteit Delft in February, 2007.

Application number is that 200980143147.3 patent discloses a kind of bullet and ballistic structure kept away, and it is characterized in that adopting the first internal layer and at least one second skin that can pierce through.Require the first internal layer to have for the height of the impact of shell or bullet resistive, second skin that can pierce through has relatively low melt temperature, allows its melting when by shell or bullet hits, to maintain shell or bullet and to avoid its resilience.Although the second skin of selecting has the function that maintains bullet, but cannot bear the strike of multiple bullet and can only use by single, and select self-healing ballistic composite, the function itself with automatic healing, only have ceramic layer by replacing, to get final product healing after overwhelming, can be repeatedly used.

Inst. of High-Molecular Chemistry, Nankai Univ. has carried out the research of microcosmic mechanism to the self-healing function of supermolecule rubber, the article pointed out, the polymeric material with excellent mechanical property energy selfreparing has broad application prospects at industrial circle, is the target that material supply section scholar constantly pursues always.In self-healing supramolecular polymer material field, obtain some breakthrough progress in the world over the past two years, and become forward position and the hot research field of polymer science.Self-healing polymeric material itself can restorer load transmission capacity, this recovery can be autonomous generation, also can concrete stimulus excites by one, such as the radiation of heat etc.Therefore, the application of these materials will greatly promote the security of high polymer component and durability and need be on monitoring or outside repair the larger cost of cost.The Inspiration Sources of the R&D process of this Series Intelligent material is in bionic system.The example of a biomimetic material is the consolidant of angiorrbagia, and Here it is is made by the composite of self-regeneration, by Dry and Sottos, is proposed.The infringement that can also be used to these materials the cure residual stress induced by other cracking or fiber bonding cause.

Summary of the invention

For addressing the above problem, the present invention discloses a kind of self-healing ballistic composite, it is characterized in that being comprised of four-layer structure, is respectively superficial layer, rubber layer, ceramic layer, resistant layer.Surface density is 40～75Kg/m ², can tackle the middle-size and small-size bore armor-piercing incendiaries such as 7.62mm, 12.7mm, 14.5mm, or with the similar shrapnel of its kinetic energy, or other middle-size and small-size bore bullets.Composite construction bullet resistant material of the present invention, each layer is by binding agent strong bond, and superficial layer 10 is comprised of neoprene composite or polycarbonate film material, preferentially selects neoprene composite; Rubber layer 20 is comprised of natural rubber or unvulcanized rubber, preferentially selects natural rubber; Ceramic layer 30 is comprised of corundum or carborundum or boron carbide element, ceramic component can be graininess, also can be tabular, that particle comprises is spherical, the cylindricality that both ends of the surface are parallel, the cylindricality that both ends of the surface are heaved, hollow cylindricality, the corundum ceramic post of preferentially selecting both ends of the surface to heave, the diameter of ceramics pole is 10～20mm; Resistant layer 40 is comprised of TC4 titanium alloy or fibrous composite, for small-bore armor-piercing incendiary, preferentially selects carbon fibre composite or Kafra fiber composite, for medium caliber armor-piercing incendiary, preferentially selects TC4 titanium alloy.The thickness of each layer is along with the difference of the bore of armor-piercing incendiary is and variant, and superficial layer 10 thickness are 1～3mm, and rubber layer 20 thickness are 2～6mm, and ceramic layer 20 thickness are 10～25mm, and resistant layer 40 thickness are 1～4mm.

The feature of the composite construction bullet resistant material maximum that this invention is described is to heal, and after bullet penetrates, natural rubber can seal shell hole by expansion, thereby reaches the effect of self-healing.In addition, this composite construction can be repaired and reuse, there is vacancy position in one or more ceramics poles in ceramic layer after being crashed to pieces, first need broken ceramic component to remove, then new ceramics pole is wedged to vacancy position, then pouring liquid rubber, surface is floating, after normal temperature cure, complete reparation, the ceramic layer performance after reparation is consistent with original paper.

The invention has the advantages that: (1) composite material by multilayer combination protection, the ballistic performance of various materials is given full play to, overall structure ballistic performance is all better than single material or wherein any two kinds of bullet resistant materials that form or structure, on the basis of improving barrier propterty, also can realize lightweight; (2) composite can be repaired, and after ceramic component is cracked, can supplement in position new ceramic component, and then filling liquid rubber or other resin materials, can reuse after solidifying, and greatly reduces the expensive expense of reparation, reduced the difficulty of maintenance simultaneously; (3) rubber layer viscosity large, be easy to bonding, not yieldingly, slightly firmly can heal voluntarily and pierce through damaged position, can effectively process in a large number in the defects of configuration aspects, effectively seal shell hole, realize the strike of anti-multiple bullet; (4) can be designed to according to actual needs any size, and can be to curved surface or large area once-forming.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The shellproof sandwich schematic diagram of Fig. 1 self-healing

In figure, 10 is superficial layer, and 20 is rubber layer, and 30 is ceramic layer, and 40 is resistant layer.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention and limit.

Embodiment 1

Superficial layer 10 is the thick neoprene cloth of 1mm, and surface density is 0.14g/cm ²; Rubber layer 20 is 4mm natural rubber, and surface density is 0.46g/cm ²; The corundum ceramic post that ceramic layer 30 is high 18mm, two ends are hemisphere face, surface density is 5.24g/cm ²; Resistant layer 40 is the thick TC4 titanium alloy sheet of 2mm, and surface density is 0.89g/cm ².Compound rear whole plate surface density is 6.7～6.9g/cm ², that is 67～69Kg/m ², whole plate thickness is 25～26mm, and whole plate is that square is dull and stereotyped, and length and width are 150mm.

Embodiment 2

Anti-avalanche layer 10 is the thick polycarbonate plate of 2mm, and surface density is 0.1g/cm2; Rubber layer 20 is 3mm unvulcanized rubber, and surface density is 0.34g/cm2; Ceramic layer 30 is the thick boron carbide board of 16mm, and surface density is 3.82g/cm2; Resistant layer 40 is the thick carbon fibre composite plate of 3mm, and surface density is 0.2g/cm2.Compound rear whole plate surface density is 4.4～4.8g/cm2, that is 44～48Kg/m2, and whole plate thickness is 24～26mm, and whole plate is that square is dull and stereotyped, and length and width are 150mm.

Above are only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, allly utilizes this design to carry out the change of unsubstantiality to the present invention, all should belong to the behavior of invading the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. a composite construction bullet resistant material, is characterized in that being comprised of four-layer structure, is respectively superficial layer, rubber layer, ceramic layer, resistant layer, bonding by binding agent between each layer.

2. according to described in claim 1, it is characterized in that superficial layer is comprised of neoprene composite or polycarbonate film material.

3. according to described in claim 1, it is characterized in that rubber layer is comprised of natural rubber or unvulcanized rubber.

4. according to described in claim 4, it is characterized in that the described structure of this invention can repair and reuse, first need broken ceramic component to remove, there is vacancy position, can one also can be a plurality of, by new ceramics pole wedging vacancy position, pouring liquid rubber again, surface is floating, completes reparation after normal temperature cure, and the ceramic layer performance after reparation is consistent with original paper.